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Papaya Leaf (Carica papaya L.) Active Fraction Effective as Bioinsectiside Against Anopheles species (Diptera: Culicidae) Larva Invitro Study Chairil Anwar; Febriyanto Febriyanto; Dalilah Dalilah
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bsm.v2i1.15

ABSTRACT Malaria is one of the spread-disease that become a global public health problem included Indonesia. One of the controlling approach of vector-borne disease is by avoiding direct contact of human and mosquitoes. Natural insecticide is an alternative method that can be used. Carica papaya L. is one of the natural insecticide because contains of alkaloid, flavonoid and saponin. This research was aimed to determine the activity of active fraction. was a quasi-experiment research with post test only group design. This research was conducted in April â€“ June 2017. Extraction and fractination was performed in laboratory of MIPA Biologi of Sriwijaya University. The experiment was performed in laboratory of Entomologi Baturaja. The sample of the research was Anopheles sp. larva instar III and IV. Larvacide test used 6 different concentrations which was 0,125%, 0,25%, 0,5%, 1,0% and 2,0% with aquadest as a control. Anova test and post hoc analysis with SPSS 22 software. The result of efficacy test to Anopheles sp. larva showed that N-hexan was the fraction with highest larvacide ability that kill 95% larva at 2% concentration level. Thin layer chromatography test showed a compound of Terpenoid. Activity test of active fraction N-heksan of papaya leaf with the highest mortality rate 92,5% and the lowest 46,25%. LC50 fraction N-heksan of papaya leaf was high toxicity at 24 hours of observation. Anova test showed there was significant influence and difference of various concentration of active fraction of papaya leaf to the mortality of Anopheles sp. larva with p value < Î± (0,00<0,05). Key words : Anopheles sp. larva, N-hexan fraction of papaya leaf, larvacide

The Relationship Between Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH) Infection and Nutritional Status in Students of State Elementary School Number (SDN) 200 Palembang Indonesia Chairil Anwar; Saraswati Annisa; Dalilah Dalilah; Novrikasari Novrikasari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bsm.v2i2.39

Infection of Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH) is caused by intestinal nematodes where as in its life cycle, soil is needed as the media for the eggs or larvae to mature into effective forms, most commonly happen to children of school age. This infection is still one of the main problems in public health, including Indonesia. STH infection are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Lack of personal hygiene, poor environmental sanitation and low socioeconomic status are some factors that plays role in increasing the occurrence of the infection. This infection is also one of the causes responsible for malnutrition in children by decreasing appetite and food intake thus ensued adverse consequences such as declining growth pace, impairment of physical health, and weakening cognitive function. This study was conducted to analyze the association of STH infection with nutritional status of SDN 200 students in Kertapati District, Palembang. This study was an analytic observational research with a cross sectional research design. Samples consist of 107 students chosen using proportional stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected by direct interview using questionnaires, measuring body weight and height to obtain nutritional status which then classified using CDC 2000 growth curve while fecal contamination was examined using Kato Katz and modified Harada Mori methode in the Laboratory of Parasitology Medical Faculty of Universitas Sriwijaya. Data then analyzed using Chi-square test. From 107 students, 27.1% infection of STH was found on 29 students with 6 students (20.7%) infected by A. lumbricoides and 23 students (79.3%) infected by T. trichiura. Proportion of malnutrition status was found at 43.9%. Statistical test showed a significant association between STH infection and nutritional status (p=0.036; OR=3.167; Cl 95%: 1.163-15.237). There was a significant association between STH infection and nutritional status in students of SDN 200 Kelurahan Kemas Rindo Kertapati District Palembang City.

The Efficacy of Red Ginger Fraction (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. rubrum) as Insecticidal Aedes aegypti Chairil Anwar; KM Yahya Syukur; Dalilah Dalilah; Salni Salni; Novrikasari Novrikasari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bsm.v2i2.40

Aedes aegypti is a vector of Dengue Hemoragic Fever. The use of synthetic chemical insecticide is the most common way to control Ae. aegypti. However, since it can cause resistency if it is used in a wide scale with high frequency and continously, it requires an alternative way. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. rubrum) is one of natural insecticide which is safe to be used to control Ae. aegypti. This research aims was to determine the activity of active fraction of red ginger to mortality of Ae. aegypti. It was a quasi-experiment research with post test only control design. Twenty Ae. aegypti Liverpool strain were the sample of this research with 5 concentration for each and 4 times repetition. The result showed that concentration 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% causing mortality percentage of 32.5%, 33.8%, 51.3%, 58.8% and 65.0% respectively. One way Anova test showed p-value < alpha ± (0.00 < 0.05). It was concluded that there was a significant difference of various concentration of active fraction n-heksan of red ginger extract to the mortality of Ae. aegypti. The lethal concentration (LC50) was 2.409%. It was suggested to continue this research with reppellant or bio-assay test method. Key words: Toxicity, extract, fraction, Aedes aegypti, Insecticidal

Papaya Leaf (Carica papaya L.) Active Fraction Effective as Bioinsectiside Against Anopheles species (Diptera: Culicidae) Larva Invitro Study Chairil Anwar; Febriyanto Febriyanto; Dalilah Dalilah
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bsm.v2i1.15

ABSTRACT Malaria is one of the spread-disease that become a global public health problem included Indonesia. One of the controlling approach of vector-borne disease is by avoiding direct contact of human and mosquitoes. Natural insecticide is an alternative method that can be used. Carica papaya L. is one of the natural insecticide because contains of alkaloid, flavonoid and saponin. This research was aimed to determine the activity of active fraction. was a quasi-experiment research with post test only group design. This research was conducted in April â€“ June 2017. Extraction and fractination was performed in laboratory of MIPA Biologi of Sriwijaya University. The experiment was performed in laboratory of Entomologi Baturaja. The sample of the research was Anopheles sp. larva instar III and IV. Larvacide test used 6 different concentrations which was 0,125%, 0,25%, 0,5%, 1,0% and 2,0% with aquadest as a control. Anova test and post hoc analysis with SPSS 22 software. The result of efficacy test to Anopheles sp. larva showed that N-hexan was the fraction with highest larvacide ability that kill 95% larva at 2% concentration level. Thin layer chromatography test showed a compound of Terpenoid. Activity test of active fraction N-heksan of papaya leaf with the highest mortality rate 92,5% and the lowest 46,25%. LC50 fraction N-heksan of papaya leaf was high toxicity at 24 hours of observation. Anova test showed there was significant influence and difference of various concentration of active fraction of papaya leaf to the mortality of Anopheles sp. larva with p value < Î± (0,00<0,05). Key words : Anopheles sp. larva, N-hexan fraction of papaya leaf, larvacide

The Relationship Between Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH) Infection and Nutritional Status in Students of State Elementary School Number (SDN) 200 Palembang Indonesia Chairil Anwar; Saraswati Annisa; Dalilah Dalilah; Novrikasari Novrikasari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bsm.v2i2.39

Infection of Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH) is caused by intestinal nematodes where as in its life cycle, soil is needed as the media for the eggs or larvae to mature into effective forms, most commonly happen to children of school age. This infection is still one of the main problems in public health, including Indonesia. STH infection are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Lack of personal hygiene, poor environmental sanitation and low socioeconomic status are some factors that plays role in increasing the occurrence of the infection. This infection is also one of the causes responsible for malnutrition in children by decreasing appetite and food intake thus ensued adverse consequences such as declining growth pace, impairment of physical health, and weakening cognitive function. This study was conducted to analyze the association of STH infection with nutritional status of SDN 200 students in Kertapati District, Palembang. This study was an analytic observational research with a cross sectional research design. Samples consist of 107 students chosen using proportional stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected by direct interview using questionnaires, measuring body weight and height to obtain nutritional status which then classified using CDC 2000 growth curve while fecal contamination was examined using Kato Katz and modified Harada Mori methode in the Laboratory of Parasitology Medical Faculty of Universitas Sriwijaya. Data then analyzed using Chi-square test. From 107 students, 27.1% infection of STH was found on 29 students with 6 students (20.7%) infected by A. lumbricoides and 23 students (79.3%) infected by T. trichiura. Proportion of malnutrition status was found at 43.9%. Statistical test showed a significant association between STH infection and nutritional status (p=0.036; OR=3.167; Cl 95%: 1.163-15.237). There was a significant association between STH infection and nutritional status in students of SDN 200 Kelurahan Kemas Rindo Kertapati District Palembang City.

The Efficacy of Red Ginger Fraction (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. rubrum) as Insecticidal Aedes aegypti Chairil Anwar; KM Yahya Syukur; Dalilah Dalilah; Salni Salni; Novrikasari Novrikasari
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bsm.v2i2.40

Aedes aegypti is a vector of Dengue Hemoragic Fever. The use of synthetic chemical insecticide is the most common way to control Ae. aegypti. However, since it can cause resistency if it is used in a wide scale with high frequency and continously, it requires an alternative way. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. rubrum) is one of natural insecticide which is safe to be used to control Ae. aegypti. This research aims was to determine the activity of active fraction of red ginger to mortality of Ae. aegypti. It was a quasi-experiment research with post test only control design. Twenty Ae. aegypti Liverpool strain were the sample of this research with 5 concentration for each and 4 times repetition. The result showed that concentration 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% causing mortality percentage of 32.5%, 33.8%, 51.3%, 58.8% and 65.0% respectively. One way Anova test showed p-value < alpha ± (0.00 < 0.05). It was concluded that there was a significant difference of various concentration of active fraction n-heksan of red ginger extract to the mortality of Ae. aegypti. The lethal concentration (LC50) was 2.409%. It was suggested to continue this research with reppellant or bio-assay test method. Key words: Toxicity, extract, fraction, Aedes aegypti, Insecticidal

SOIL TRANSMITTED HELMINTHS EGGS ON THE BODY OF FLIES Muhammad Baharul Iman; Gita Dwi Prasasty; Susilawati Susilawati; Chairil Anwar; Dwi Handayani; Dalilah Dalilah
Majalah Kedokteran Sriwijaya Vol 54, No 2 (2022): Majalah Kedokteran Sriwijaya
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/mks.v54i2.19654

Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) is defined as a parasitic intestinal worm that can infect humans through contaminated soil. STH is reported to have infected more than 1.5 billion people worldwide. STH infection can manifest in various gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea and malnutrition. Flies that are diptera insects can act as mechanical vectors of various parasites, including STH. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the types of flies and contamination of STH eggs on the outside of the fly’s body in traditional market. This type of research was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. The samples in this study were all flies caught using Aerial nets and WHO fly traps in Kamboja Market, Ilir Timur I district, Palembang. The place for processing and observing samples was carried out at the Medical Chemistry and Biooptics Laboratory of FK UNSRI. The results showed the number of flies obtained was 258, consisting of 4 species, 156 flies of Musca domestica 156 (60.5%), 97 flies of Chrysomya megacephala (37.6%), 3 flies of Fannia sp. (1.2%), and 2 flies of Lucilia sp. (0.7%). 258 flies were grouped into 36 samples was observed under the microscope to find STH egg contamination. Among the 36 samples examined, 9 samples (25%) were found consisting of 12 A. lumbricoides eggs, 1 T. trichiura egg, and 1 hookworm egg. It can be concluded that there was contamintaion of STH eggs on the outside of the fly’s body at traditional market.

Konsumsi sayur dan buah dalam upaya mencegah penyakit tidak menular Kurniati, Ardesy Melizah; Tamzil, Nia Savitri; Dalilah, Dalilah; Prasasty, Gita Dwi; Suciati, Tri; Muhammad, Fadhil; Fitrianti, Fitrianti
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat: Humanity and Medicine Vol 3 No 2 (2022): Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat: Humanity and Medicine
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/Hummed.V3I2.82

Hypertension and obesity are one of the risk factors for the increasing number of non-communicable diseases. In Indonesia, in 2018 there was an increase in cases of non-communicable diseases where there were five diseases that were included as the largest cause of death. There were heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. Some of the risk factors that cause an increase in cases of non-communicable diseases include high consumption of sugar/salt/fat, smoking habits, lack of physical activity, and lack of consumption of fruits and vegetables. This study aims to determine the picture of body mass index and blood pressure as well as the portion of fruit and vegetable consumption in the community in Kelurahan 20 Ilir D-IV Palembang. In this study, there were 33 respondents consisting of 10 men and 23 women, with an age range of 23-76 years. A total of 18 respondents (54.5%) were overweight, and as many as 13 (39.4%) and 12 (36.4%) respondents had 1st degree of hypertension and pre-hypertension respectively. Of the average portions of vegetable and fruit consumption in 1 meal, as many as 15 (45.4%) and 10 (30.3%) respondents consumed less vegetables and fruits. This study shows that there were people that consume fruits and vegetable in fewer portions and have overweight and 1st degree hypertension.

Investigasi resistensi Anopheles sp. terhadap insektisida piretroid dan kemungkinan terjadinya mutasi gen voltage gated sodium channel (VGSC) Haryanto, Didid; Dalilah, Dalilah; Anwar, Chairil; Prasasti, Gita Dwi; Handayani, Dwi; Ghiffari, Ahmad
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 3 (2018): November
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.15.3.134

Extensive and continuous use of pyrethroid insecticides to prevent the transmission of malaria can lead to mutations in the voltage gate sodium channel gene (VGSC) in mosquito vectors. This gene mutation associated with insensitivity pyrethroid is known as knockdown resistance (kdr). The emergence of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in vector mosquitoes can be a barrier to the successful termination of malaria transmission. Therefore, detection of mutation is necessary to prevent the resistency from build up. The aim of the study was to determine the resistance status of pyrethroid insecticides and identify mutations in the VGSC gene codon 1014 marker for resistance to Anopheles sp. which is a malaria vector in South Sumatra Province. Samples were taken from three districts in South Sumatra: Muara Enim, OKU, and Lahat. The susceptibility enzymatic test of pyrethroid insecticide (permethrin 0.75%) was preliminarily carried out according to WHO 2016 standard on Anopheles vagus Dí¶nitz species. Identification of VGSC gene mutation was performed on all An. vagus that were previously tested for susceptibility and on An. barbirostris van der Wulp species using seminested-PCR and followed by sequencing. The result showed that samples from Muara Enim regency had resistance, whereas in Lahat and OKU regencies were still susceptible to permethrin. From the sequence analysis it is shown that there are no change in DNA kdr bases in VGSC gene insecticide target sites from all regencies. In conclusion, based on molecular studies, there were no pyrethroid insecticide resistance in South Sumatra Province.

Multipleks PCR Konvensional Untuk Mendeteksi Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) Risti, Sanely; Dalilah, Dalilah; Liberty, Iche Andriyani
BEST Journal (Biology Education, Sains and Technology) Vol 8, No 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30743/best.v8i1.10978

Soil Transmitted Helminths (STH) merupakan parasit usus yang paling umum menginfeksi manusia dan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di banyak negara berkembang, terutama terjadi di daerah sub tropis dan tropis termasuk Indonesia. Cacing STH yang paling umum menginfeksi manusia yaitu Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichiuris trichiura dan cacing tambang, Infeksi ini menyebabkan berbagai dampak, deteksi dini dan akurat sangat penting untuk mendukung program pengendalian dan eliminasi STH yang efektif. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi, metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR), khususnya multipleks PCR, mulai menarik perhatian karena dapat mendeteksi DNA beberapa spesies parasit sekaligus dalam satu reaksi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan hasil penelitian terkait dengan metode Multipleks PCR Konvensional mendeteksi STH dibandingkan metode lain. Metode pada penelitian ini adalah Systematic Review dengan menggunakan metode PRISMA, basis data dicari dan mencakup Pubmed, Cochrane, Science Direct, dan Elsevier Clinicalkey

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