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Epidemiological Review: Mapping Cases and Prevalence of Helminthiasis in Indonesia on 2020-2022 Trasia, Reqgi First
Jurnal Medis Islam Internasional Vol 4 No 2 (2023): June
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/iimj.v4i2.4172

Abstract

Background: Helminthiasis cannot be separated from society in Indonesia. In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified helminth infections as neglected tropical diseases (NTD) that require large-scale control, because more than 23% of the world's population is infected with helminthiasis. In Indonesia, there are still few articles that comprehensively review the epidemiological mapping of the latest helminthiasis cases. The purpose of writing this article is to map the prevalence of helminthiasis in Indonesia in 2020-2022. This article is a systematic study  conducted from January-April 2023. The literature search was carried out through an electronic database. Result: The  findings of this study indicate that in the last three years, helminthiasis has not been eliminated in Indonesia. The  results of helminth species found to infest communities in several provinces in Indonesia include Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Hookworm, Hymenolepis nana, Taenia saginata, Taenia solium, Oxyuris vermicularis, Schistosoma japonicum, Strongiloides stercoralis, and Wuchereria bancrofti. The diagnosis of helminth infestation and infection is confirmed through microscopic examination by finding eggs, larvae, proglottids, and even adult worms that come out spontaneously through defecation. In addition, helminth transmission can occur through food contaminated with worm eggs. The government has tried to control helminthiasis through Permenkes number 15 of 2017 concerning Helminthiasis Management. However, the indicators of achieving the target of reducing the prevalence of intestinal worms to below 10% in each Regency/City as stated in Pasal 3 ayat 2 of the Permenkes have not been fully met. Conclusion: It can be seen in this study that there are still many provinces that have not reached the helminth control target. This condition is especially experienced by high-risk groups, such as children, mining workers, plantation workers, farmers, livestock workers, staff at slaughterhouses, and waste collectors.
Parasitic Disease and COVID-19 Syndemics in Indonesia: Biomedical Aspects Trasia, Reqgi First
Jurnal Medis Islam Internasional Vol 5 No 1 (2023): December
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/iimj.v5i1.5068

Abstract

Background: Syndemics happened while two or more coinfections have dangerous interaction and lead to a harmful outcome than for either single infection. In Indonesia, during COVID-19 pandemic, it has deal with a doble burden presume to neglected tropical disese (NTD) control. Parasitic disease as a part of NTD must be a concern in Indonesia along pandemc. There are still few articles that review the biomedical aspects of co-infection COVID-19 with parasitic diseases in Indonesia, whereas an understanding of biomedical aspects can encourage knowledge about pathogenesis which will make an earlier diagnosis. Results: This review summarize how parasites may serve as protective agents or risk factors in pandemic and, vice versa, how the COVID-19 may disturb the prevention and misdiagnosis of parasitic disease in Indonesia. Co-infection COVID-19 with malaria increass the burden of severe clinical manifestations and poor prognosis due to exaggerated proinflammatory response. Coinfection triggers TNF and IL-6 to activate coagulation cascade leading to micro-thrombosis and coagulopathy. Besides, helminthiasis causes vary configuration of immune-modulation, thereby lowering susceptibility to other infections and tolerating COVID-19 better. They modify Th2 respons to limit pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 which is observed in severe cases of COVID-19. T-cell hypoactivation in SARS-CoV-2 and W.bancrofti will cause  relatively mild manifestation of COVID-19. Conclusions: In parasite infection, the IL-4 may elevate and induce shadow memory CD8+ T-cell (TVM cell) for CD8 response rapidly agains virus. It control human IL-4 or IL-10 that leads to the maturation of Th2 cells and down-regulation of the inflamation respons of IFN-g, IL-17 and TNF-a. These mechanisms allow us to blockade the cytokines storms observed in COVID-19 cases.
The Correlation Between Medication Adherence and Role of Medication Supervisor with Prevalence of Pulmonary TB Recurrence in Serang City, Banten Trasia, Reqgi First; Sa'diyah, Salma; Adawiyah, Robiatul
Jurnal Medis Islam Internasional Vol 5 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/iimj.v5i2.5536

Abstract

Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadliest diseases and is still a major health problem in the world. The standard treatment for pulmonary TB is within 6 months. Failure of pulmonary TB sufferers to seek treatment and good adherence to medication consumption plays an important role in the recurrence of pulmonary TB. Treatment supervision (PMO) in pulmonary TB patients contributes to patient compliance in taking medication, so it can be concluded that PMO is also important in the recurrence of pulmonary TB. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between medication adherence and the role of medication supervisors with the prevalence of pulmonary TB recurrence in the city of Serang, Banten, so that it can be developed as an effort to prevent an increase in TB prevalence in the future. Methods: This research was conducted at the Unyur, Banten Girang, and Singandaru Health Centers in January-May 2023 with a total sample of 41 people. The research design used was a case-control design and used a total sampling technique. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test and if cells did not meet the Chi-square test requirements, the alternative test was Fisher's exact Results: The results of this study concluded that there was no significant relationship between adherence to taking medication and monitoring taking medication with recurrence of pulmonary TB, namely obtaining p value = 0.906 and in the role of supervisor taking medication obtained p value = 0,719. Conclusions: Based on the results, the conclusion of this research is that there is no significant relationship between the level of treatment compliance and lung disease. recurrence of TB. Apart from that, there was no significant relationship between the role of monitoring medication taking and recurrence of pulmonary TB
Review of Scabies: Current Update of Patogenesis, Transmission, and Elimination Trasia, Reqgi First
Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): September
Publisher : Penerbit Goodwood

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jimi.v3i1.2417

Abstract

Purpose: Scabies is a very common dermatological condition that accounts for a large proportion of skin diseases in developing countries. The disease spreads globally, with an estimated population of 200 million and a prevalence ranging from 0.2% to 71%. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, the prevalence of scabies in Indonesia has decreased from 5.60% to 12.96% in 2008 to 4.9% to 12.95% in 2009. This review will provide an overview of the pathogenesis, transmission, and elimination of scabies so that scabies cases in Indonesia can be controlled properly. Research Methodology: This article reviews 21 recent studies and discusses them comprehensively. Results: Scabies often does not receive attention because it is not life-threatening; however, the result is itching, which can cause discomfort in sufferers. The spread of scabies has been widespread. Discussion on the pathogenesis, transmission, and elimination of scabies from various regions in Indonesia is still not comprehensive. Limitations: Approximately 90% of scabies transmission is carried out by adult female mites, especially gravid ones. Mites cannot jump or fly, but move by creeping. The ability of mites to infest decreases with time, and mites are outside the host body. Contribution: First, increasing awareness of scabies and advocacy of potential funding parties’ eradication programmes. Second, clinical and epidemiological research should be conducted to better understand the effects of the disease. Third, we developed and implemented a strategy for effective scabies control.
Dampak Penyakit Infeksi Parasit terhadap Status Gizi Trasia, Reqgi First
Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Maret
Publisher : Penerbit Goodwood

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jimi.v3i2.3088

Abstract

guidelines, the authors conducted a systematic review to examine the effects of sanitation on major infectious diseases and nutrition in populations worldwide. Research methodology: This article reviews the extensive evidence on the impact of sanitation on important health outcomes, including diarrheal disease, STH infections, schistosomiasis, and nutritional status. Results: There was evidence of an association between sanitation and STH, but did not show no association was observed when the analysis was restricted to intervention studies only. This study found evidence consistent with previous reviews that sanitation is associated with lower odds of schistosomiasis, but the lack of intervention studies limits the quality of evidence and confidence in this association. Limitations: The nutritional findings in this study are similar to previous findings that reported no effect of sanitation on weight-for-age z-scores or weight-for-height z-scores. The results of the subset of studies reporting latrine coverage and latrine use suggest that, to observe comprehensive health benefits, sanitation coverage levels may need to be higher than those observed in this study. Contribution: This study provides evidence demonstrating the influence of sanitation on several key health outcomes, including diarrhea caused by A. lumbricoides, hookworms, S. stercoral, and schistosomiasis. The authors observed less clear evidence of the effects of sanitation on T. trichiurid and its nutritional value.
Peran Sekuens Genom Mitokondria dan Susunan Gen Sarcoptes Scabiei terhadap Karakterisasi Genetik Pasien Terinfestasi Skabies Trasia, Reqgi First; Mustofa, Samsul; Purwaningsih, Endang; Herlinawati, Sri Wahyu
Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Maret
Publisher : Penerbit Goodwood

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jimi.v3i2.3110

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Purpose: The aim of writing this article is to examine the draft genome of S. scabiei from a number of published articles Research methodology: This article reviews scabies genome sequencing, which may provide the necessary facilities to investigate the many unknowns associated with the survival of scabies mites. Results: Scabies genome sequencing investigated many unknowns related to scabies mite survival, reproduction, and host-parasite interactions and may facilitate studies in the areas of developing scabies diagnostic tests, new treatments, and vaccines to protect against this disease. Limitations: From the results of sequencing, assembly, and annotation of the scabies mite mitochondrial genome, the experts identified SNPs in several isolates from patients and laboratory pig models and inferred the haplotype structure and diversity of individual infections. Contribution: The results of multi-locus studies in a number of countries indicate that different varieties of Sarcoptes mites originate from different host species and geographic regions and recommend a common gene pool of S. scabiei that represents the existence of a single species.
The Role of the Parasite Life Cycle in Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases Trasia, Reqgi First
JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vol 7, No 1 (2022): Januari 2022
Publisher : Universitas Al Azhar Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36722/sst.v7i1.892

Abstract

Indonesia is a developing country that has various risk factors that can cause parasitic infections to develop. The role of the life cycle of worms and other parasites has been widely studied before. However, there is still little review of its pathogenesis in Indonesia. The purpose of this article is to examine the role of the parasite life cycle in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Based on this review, it can be concluded that Diphyllobothrium latum, Taenia solium, Echinococus granulosus, Hymenolepis nana, Dypilidium caninum, Schistosoma japonicum, Fasciolopsis buski, Heterophyes, Echinostoma, Clonorchis sinensis, Fasciola hepatica, Dicrocoemani, Paragon dencarisius, trichiura, Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, Stongyloides stercoralis, Trichinela spiralis, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, and Wuchereria bancrofti have different life cycles. This difference will have an impact on the different pathogenesis for each infection. Enforcement and treatment also differ based on the underlying pathogenesis.Keywords – Life Cycle, Parasite, Patogenesis, Infectious disease
ASPEK NEUROSAINS DALAM PATOFISIOLOGI PRURITUS NOKTURNAL Trasia, Reqgi First; Mustofa, Samsul; Purwaningsih, Endang; Herlinawati, Sri Wahyu
EMPIRIS : Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Kesehatan Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): EMPIRIS : Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Kesehatan, Juni 2024
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/2cyt9p58

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Itching at night in scabies patients is considered a very disturbing symptom. It is known that the main role of the itch sensation and subsequent motor response is to remove environmental influences from the skin, especially arthropods. The purpose of this article is to provide an understanding of the overall physiology and associated pathophysiology of itch. This article focuses on the neuronal aspect, as the nervous system is necessary to perceive the sensation of itch, as well as the multidirectional connections between the nervous and immune systems that influence the transmission of itch from the skin to the spinal cord. Itching is felt by skin nerve fibers called pruriceptors. These primary afferent fibers function as antennae and continuously sense the skin environment to detect and respond to cues. All major afferents project to the dorsal part of the spinal cord. Peptidergic and nonpeptidergic neurons target different areas of the dorsal superficial lamina. Based on this review, it can be concluded that noxious and pruritic stimuli are mostly processed in the superficial dorsal horn, whereas deeper dorsal horn neurons receive nociceptive and pruritic input via polysynaptic innervation.
APLIKASI SIFAT ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK TANAMAN TURI TERHADAP BIOLISTRIK SEBAGAI PENUNJANG REGENERASI KULIT Trasia, Reqgi First; Hawa, Farahdhiya Millati; Putri, Haura Firlanti; Panjaitan, Samuel Nicolas Agustinus; Aryatama, Aslam
EMPIRIS : Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Kesehatan Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): EMPIRIS : Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Kesehatan, Juni 2024
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/pt2pkm48

Abstract

The skin has a great risk of various diseases due to exposure to the external environment. Skin cell activity – including regeneration, can be observed through electricity – or what can also be called skin cell bioelectricity. In dealing with the skin problems mentioned previously, using skin care products that contain active ingredients that can fight free radicals and stimulate skin cell regeneration is very important. Antioxidants are one of the active ingredients needed in skin care products. When free radicals attack skin cells, antioxidants act to accept electrons from damaged molecules, thereby forming new molecules that are more stable and non-damaging. With its properties that are able to inhibit the oxidation process, antioxidants are the key to maintaining the health and beauty of the skin and preventing obstruction of the skin cell regeneration process due to free radicals. Apart from that, antioxidants also have anti-inflammatory properties which can help reduce inflammation of the skin such as acne, dermatitis, or rosacea which causes damage to skin cells. One plant that is rich in antioxidants is the turi plant (Sesbania grandiflora). This research aims to investigate the antioxidant effect of mature turi plant extract on skin bioelectricity as a support for skin cell regeneration. It is hoped that this research will later become a reference for innovative development of atopic treatment using turi plant extract as the main ingredient.
Multivariate Analysis of Personal Hygiene, Residential Density, Socioeconomic Status, and Knowledge Toward Scabies Prevalence At the Serang City Islamic Boarding School Trasia, Reqgi First; Faruqi, Azzam; Winita, Rawina; Muhammad Tola, Sakura; Keumala Dewi, Intan
Jurnal Medis Islam Internasional Vol 6 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : UNUSA Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/iimj.v6i2.6345

Abstract

Introduction: Scabies is an infectious disease of the skin caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. This disease is often ignored because it is not life-threatening, but the itching that occurs can interfere with daily life. Scabies is often found in densely populated environments such as Islamic boarding schools, places where students study. Borrowing each other's personal items, living in rooms with high occupancy rates, and having poor habits regarding personal hygiene are risk factors for contracting scabies among students. Objective: Through this background, this research aims to determine the relationship between the level of personal hygiene, housing density, socioeconomic status, and the level of knowledge about scabies among students at the Islamic Boarding School, Serang, Banten. Methods: The research was carried out at the Islamic Boarding School, Serang, Banten with a sample size of 167 respondents. The research design used was a cross-sectional analytical design with a sampling technique using the simple random sampling method. Univariate analysis was carried out by assessing frequencies and percentages. Bivariate analysis of variables was carried out using the chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was performed using multiple linear regression. Results: Respondents in this study totaled 167 respondents. The results of the analysis show that the prevalence of scabies in Islamic boarding schools in Serang City is 47.3%. There is no significant relationship between personal hygiene and scabies prevalence (P = 0.603), and there is a significant relationship between housing density (P = 0.018), socioeconomic status (P = 0.002), and level of knowledge (P = 0.035) on scabies prevalence. at the Serang City Islamic Boarding School. Based on multivariate analysis, a relationship was found between residential density, socioeconomic status, and level of knowledge on scabies prevalence simultaneously. Conclusions: These research results show that factors such as housing density, socioeconomic status, and level of knowledge play an important role in the spread of scabies in Islamic boarding schools even though the students show good results in personal hygiene.