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RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENCACAH BATANG SAGU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFESIENSI PRODUK PAKAN TERNAK Nurzanah, Wiwin; Muharnif, Muharnif; Dewi, Irma; Pane, Yunita; A, Arfis; Asfiati, Sri
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 9, No 3 (2025): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v9i3.31382

Abstrak: Tanaman sagu (Metroxylon sp.) merupakan komoditas pangan kaya karbohidrat yang menjadi bahan pokok di beberapa wilayah Indonesia. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini melibatkan 10 orang peserta petani sagu di Desa Durian Lingga. Kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan teknis (hardskill) petani dalam pengolahan limbah sagu menjadi pakan ternak dan pembuatan alat pencacah, serta mengembangkan kemampuan manajerial (softskill) dalam pemasaran produk. Metode pelaksanaan menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif melalui ceramah interaktif, pelatihan praktik langsung, focus group discussion (FGD), dan pendampingan intensif. Untuk sistem evaluasi dilakukan dengan Observasi langsung dan Uji kinerja alat Pencacah tersebut. Selain sebagai sumber pangan, sagu memiliki multi-fungsi karena seluruh bagian tanamannya dapat dimanfaatkan. Pelatihan pengolahan sagu menjadi pakan ternak ini menjadi solusi strategis untuk mengatasi masalah limbah pertanian sekaligus meningkatkan pendapatan petani melalui diversifikasi produk. Namun, petani sagu di Desa Durian Lingga masih menghadapi kendala berupa kurangnya pengetahuan teknis dan keterampilan manajerial. Kegiatan ini penting untuk membangun kemandirian petani dalam mengelola sumber daya lokal secara berkelanjutan. Tim pengabdian masyarakat melaksanakan pelatihan praktis yang mencakup: pengolahan sagu menjadi pakan ternak, pembuatan alat pencacah sagu, serta manajemen pemasaran. Dampak jangka panjangnya adalah peningkatan ekonomi sekitar 85% masyarakat melalui pengoptimalan potensi lokal dan penguatan kelembagaan petani berbasis agribisnis.Abstract: Sago plants (Metroxylon sp.) are a carbohydrate-rich food commodity that is a staple food in several regions of Indonesia. This community service activity involved 10 sago farmer participants in Durian Lingga Village. This PKM activity aims to improve farmers' technical skills (hard skills) in processing sago waste into animal feed and making shredders, as well as developing managerial skills (soft skills) in product marketing. The implementation method uses a participatory approach through interactive lectures, direct practice training, focus group discussions (FGD), and intensive mentoring. For system evaluation, direct observation and performance testing of the shredder tool are carried out. In addition to being a food source, sago has multiple functions because all parts of the plant can be utilized. This training in processing sago into animal feed is a strategic solution to overcome the problem of agricultural waste while increasing farmers' income through product diversification. However, sago farmers in Durian Lingga Village still face obstacles in the form of a lack of technical knowledge and managerial skills. This activity is important to build farmer independence in managing local resources sustainably. The community service team conducted practical training that included: processing sago into animal feed, making sago shredders, and marketing management. The long-term impact is an increase in the economy of around 85% of the community through harmonization of local potential and strengthening of agribusiness-based farmer institutions.

Study of Road Utility Planning as an Effort to Create an Environmentally Friendly Area on the Jalan Ampera Medan Corridor Siregar, Zulkifli; Asfiati, Sri; Dewi, Irma
ASTONJADRO Vol. 13 No. 2 (2024): ASTONJADRO
Publisher : Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32832/astonjadro.v13i2.15113

Designing the utility planning concept for the Ampera Medan road corridor, it starts with identifying the condition of the drainage system, traffic signs, road markings, public road lighting, and road user safety devices. Furthermore, a study of changes to road utility requirements is carried out by road management guidelines and road environmental conditions in the form of improving kindness on the road surface, installing signs and warning devices, installing flashing lights, removing roadblocks, and installing noise tape based on certain distances. This research aims to produce a design concept for road utility planning that is environmentally friendly and sustainable (sustainable road) under the guidelines of the Ministry of PUPR while still paying attention to basic human needs and economic growth. Research and knowledge related to the concept of environmentally friendly road utility planning on the Jalan Ampera Medan corridor is a contribution to scientific work that can provide benefits to the Muhammadiyah University of North Sumatra and the Medan City Government as material for consideration and decisions in the construction of environmentally friendly roads (green roads) in the city Medan.

Greenhouse Cerdas dengan Kontrol Suhu Otomatis Berbasis IoT In Kecamatan Sunggal Pane, Yunita; Nurzanah, Wiwin; Dewi, Irma; A, Arfis; Gultom, Togar Timoteus; Sinurat, Fadlah; Mulia, Mulia
All Fields of Science Journal Liaison Academia and Sosiety Vol 5, No 2: Juni 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Komunikasi dan Informasi Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58939/afosj-las.v5i2.1127

Perkembangan pertanian presisi di Indonesia masih terkendala oleh mahalnya biaya sistem kontrol lingkungan greenhouse konvensional dan ketergantungan pada pengawasan manual. Penelitian ini mengembangkan greenhouse cerdas berbasis IoT dengan struktur bambu termodifikasi nano-silika dan sistem kontrol adaptif untuk mengoptimalkan produktivitas tanaman hortikultura di Kecamatan Sunggal, Sumatera Utara. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa prototipe ini berhasil mempertahankan kondisi mikroklimat optimal (suhu 26,5±1,2°C, kelembapan 70±5%) dengan konsumsi energi hanya 38,5 watt melalui integrasi panel surya 150Wp. Treatment nano-silika 7% meningkatkan ketahanan struktural bambu terhadap kelembapan sebesar 47% dan mengurangi biaya material 35% dibanding konstruksi baja. Implementasi lapangan pada tanaman tomat menunjukkan peningkatan hasil panen 40,4% (7,3 kg/m²) dengan kualitas buah lebih baik (kadar gula 5,6°Brix). Analisis ekonomi mengungkap kelayakan implementasi dengan ROI 28,7% dan periode pengembalian modal 3,5 tahun, menjadikannya solusi berkelanjutan untuk pertanian presisi di daerah tropis.

Perhitungan Struktur Laboratorium Teknik Sipil Type II Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah (UMSU) Medan Gunawan, Randi; Dewi, Irma; Gultom , Muhammad Husin; Ajinar
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): January-June 2022
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v1i1.5

The lack of supporting infrastructure facilities such as the Laboratory at Samudra University, especially in the Civil Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, has resulted in Iskandar Thani Institute having to work hard in building infrastructure to keep pace with advances in technology and science. This study aims to plan the dimensions and reinforcement of beams, columns, plates and stairs in the Civil Engineering Laboratory building. The laboratory building to be analyzed has a total of 3 floors with floor dimensions of 43 m x 27.49 m. Modeling and analysis of the structure of this building is assisted by the SAP2000 program using the Special Moment Bearing Frame System (SPRMK) and is designed according to SNI 03-1726-2012, SNI 03-2847-2013, and PPPURG 1987. The structure is planned to use concrete quality fc' 30 MPa and steel grade fy 400 MPa. The results of the analysis obtained that the floor slab thickness was 13 cm using D10-200 mm reinforcement for main reinforcement and D10-300 mm for split reinforcement. The thickness of the roof slab is 12 cm using D10-200 mm reinforcement for main reinforcement and D10-300 mm for split reinforcement. The dimensions of the B1 beam are 50 cm x 70 cm using 12D25 for the support area with D10-80 mm braces and 8D25 reinforcement for the field area with D10-120 mm braces. Begel B2 30 cm x 50 cm using 4D25 reinforcement for the support area and field with braces for D10-200 mm field and braces for D10-100 mm support. The dimensions of the K1 column are 60 cm x 80 cm using 10D25 reinforcement with D10-300 mm begel. The dimensions of the K2 column are 60 cm x 60 cm using 8D25 reinforcement with D10 -200 mm begel. The thickness of the ladder plate and landing was obtained 13 cm using D10-200 mm reinforcement.

SOSIALISASI WAJIK CRISPY REVOLUTION TRANSFORMASI LIMBAH NENAS MENJADI KERUPUK BERNILAI DI KAMPUNG WAJIK PULO BRAYAN BENGKEL BARU Pane, Yunita; Astuty, Widya; Yusri, Mohammad; Nurzanah, Wiwin; Dewi, Irma
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 9, No 4 (2025): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v9i4.33223

Abstrak: Limbah nanas seringkali menjadi masalah lingkungan akibat penumpukan dan pembusukan yang tidak terkelola. Namun, inovasi pengolahan limbah nanas menjadi kerupuk "Wajik Crispy" di Kampung Wajik, Pulo Brayan Bengkel Baru, memberikan solusi kreatif yang meningkatkan nilai ekonomi sekaligus mengurangi dampak lingkungan. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana proses pengolahan limbah nanas menjadi kerupuk, potensi pasar, serta dampak sosial-ekonomi bagi masyarakat setempat. Metode yang digunakan meliputi observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan uji kelayakan produk. Adapun jumlah peserta mitra yang ikut serta di dalam pelaksanaan pengabdian ini adalah 20 orang. Program pengolahan limbah nanas menjadi kerupuk "Wajik Crispy" telah menunjukkan dampak nyata yang terukur melalui evaluasi komprehensif. Hasil kuantitatif membuktikan keberhasilan program ini: (1) Aspek produksi - kapasitas pengolahan limbah meningkat dari 0 kg/minggu menjadi 150 kg/minggu, (2) Dampak lingkungan - terjadi penurunan volume limbah nanas sebesar 68,5% dalam 3 bulan, (3) Respon pasar - produk terjual 325 kemasan/bulan dengan tingkat repurchase 82%, (4) Ekonomi masyarakat - rata-rata pendapatan mitra naik 47% dari Rp 850.000/bulan menjadi Rp 1.250.000/bulan, dan (5) Keterlibatan warga - 20 mitra aktif yang semula hanya 5 orang mampu memproduksi secara mandiri. Capaian kualitas juga terlihat dari nilai rata-rata uji organoleptik 4,2/5 untuk rasa dan 4,5/5 untuk kerenyahan. Sistem evaluasi berkelanjutan melalui buku catatan produksi dan pertemuan bulanan berhasil mempertahankan konsistensi mutu produk dengan variasi kualitas ≤5% selama 6 bulan pelaksanaan program. Dengan demikian, transformasi limbah nanas menjadi kerupuk bernilai tidak hanya mendukung ekonomi sirkular, tetapi juga memperkuat ketahanan komunitas di Kampung Wajik.Abstract: Pineapple waste often becomes an environmental problem due to unmanaged accumulation and decomposition. However, the innovation of processing pineapple waste into “Wajik Crispy” crackers in Kampung Wajik, Pulo Brayan Bengkel Baru, offers a creative solution that not only increases economic value but also reduces environmental impacts. This community engagement program aims to explore the processing of pineapple waste into crackers, its market potential, and its socio-economic impacts on the local community. The methods employed include participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and product feasibility testing. A total of 20 partner participants were involved in the implementation of this program. The processing of pineapple waste into “Wajik Crispy” crackers has demonstrated measurable impacts through comprehensive evaluation. Quantitative results confirm the program’s success: (1) Production aspect – processing capacity increased from 0 kg/week to 150 kg/week, (2) Environmental impact – pineapple waste volume decreased by 68.5% within three months, (3) Market response – the product reached 325 packages/month with a repurchase rate of 82%, (4) Community economy – the average income of partners rose by 47% from IDR 850,000/month to IDR 1,250,000/month, and (5) Community involvement – 20 active partners, initially only 5, are now able to produce independently. Quality achievements were also reflected in the average organoleptic test scores of 4.2/5 for taste and 4.5/5 for crispiness. A sustainable evaluation system through production logbooks and monthly meetings successfully maintained product consistency with a quality variation of ≤5% over six months of program implementation. Thus, the transformation of pineapple waste into value-added crackers not only supports the circular economy but also strengthens community resilience in Kampung Wajik.

Legitimasi Hukum Omnibus Law dalam Perspektif Habermas dan Teori Hukum Kritis Ekarini, Dessy; Dewi, Irma; Yusuf, Muhammad; Prayuti, Yuyut; Wildan, Wildan; Gunawan, Desi
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025): (JIHHP) Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik
Publisher : Dinasti Review Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jihhp.v5i6.5247

Pemberlakuan UU Cipta Kerja melalui mekanisme omnibus law sejak tahun 2020 hingga revisinya pada tahun 2023 telah menimbulkan kontroversi hukum, sosial, dan etika yang signifikan di Indonesia. Proses pembentukannya yang dinilai terburu-buru, minim partisipasi publik, dan kurang transparan telah menuai penolakan dari berbagai elemen masyarakat sipil. Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 menyatakan bahwa UU Cipta Kerja bersifat inkonstitusional bersyarat, namun tetap berlaku sampai dilakukan perbaikan dalam kurun waktu dua tahun. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keabsahan dan legitimasi hukum Omnibus Law melalui perspektif filsafat hukum, khususnya menggunakan "Teori Legitimasi Komunikatif dan Teori Hukum Kritis Jurgen Habermas". Analisis dilakukan untuk mengkaji apakah suatu undang-undang yang sah secara prosedural dapat dianggap sah secara moral dan sosial jika dibentuk tanpa ruang dialog deliberatif dan tanpa mempertimbangkan kepentingan kelompok rentan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa suatu undang-undang tidak dapat dianggap sah sepenuhnya jika hanya bertumpu pada formalitas prosedural tanpa mempertimbangkan nilai-nilai keadilan substantif, partisipasi publik, dan legitimasi masyarakat yang terdampak. Dengan demikian, undang-undang seperti UU Cipta Kerja berpotensi mengalami krisis legitimasi di mata masyarakat sipil meskipun secara formal masih sah. Artikel ini merekomendasikan agar asas keterbukaan, akuntabilitas, dan keadilan sosial menjadi salah satu landasan dalam proses legislasi ke depan.

Efektivitas Peran Korps Wanita Angkatan Laut Dalam Keamanan Laut Dewi, Irma; Lilik E., Mas RoRo; Ambarwati, Arie
Jurnal Ilmiah Muqoddimah: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hummaniora Vol 8, No 3 (2024): Agustus 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/jim.v8i3.2024.1382-1388

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis efektivitas peran Korps Wanita Angkatan Laut dalam Keamanan Laut di KAL KADET-VIII. Mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis faktor yang menghambat dan mendukung efektivitas peran Korps Wanita Angkatan Laut dalam Keamanan Laut di KAL KADET-VIII. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan pendekatan sasaran (Goal Approach) yaitu pelaksanaan tugas dan tanggung jawab yang diemban Kowal sebagai pengawak di kapal telah dilakukan dengan baik. Keuntungan dengan adanya Kowal di kapal yaitu para Kowal terutama di Kapal Kadet VIII mampu melaksanakan tugas yang diberikan. Selama ini pengembangan Kowal dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan bersama dengan Prajurit pria. Stabilitas Kowal yang berdinas di kapal dapat terjaga, memastikan mereka dapat bekerja dengan aman dan nyaman, merasa dihargai antar sesama. Pemimpin mampu memahami kondisi anak buah dan menerima masukan dari anak buah untuk mengambil keputusan, menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang positif. Berdasarkan pendekatan sumber (System Resource Approach) yaitu Kowal mampu memanfaatkan lingkungan yang ada di kapal walaupun ukuran kapalnya yang sempit dan serba terbatas. Selama ini pengawak dan anggota Kowal mampu memelihara kegiatan organisasi di kapal. Kowal mempunyai kemampuan untuk menyesuaikan diri terhadap lingkungan di kapal Kal Kadet-VIII. Berdasarkan pendekatan proses (Internal Process Approach) yaitu pengawak kapal KAL Kadet-VIII telah menjalankan prosedur pelayanan atau kegiatan operasinya dengan baik. Sarana dan prasarana di kapal KAL Kadet-VIII sudah lengkap dan dapat mendukung untuk kegiatan operasionalnya.Kata kunci:Â Angkatan Laut efektifitas, peran, wanita

Pengembangan Model ARIMA untuk Prediksi Keberlanjutan Lingkungan dan Konstruksi Pesisir: Studi Kasus Terintegrasi di Pelabuhan Belawan: Pengembangan Model ARIMA untuk Prediksi Keberlanjutan Lingkungan dan Konstruksi Pesisir: Studi Kasus Terintegrasi di Pelabuhan Belawan Dewi, Irma; pane, yunita_pane; Nurzanah, Wiwin; Chandra, Yovi
Teras Jurnal : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025): Teras Jurnal (September)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/tj.v15i2.1291

Abstrak Wilayah pesisir Pelabuhan Belawan, Sumatera Utara, memainkan peran strategis dalam mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional, khususnya di sektor logistik dan ekspor-impor. Namun, intensifikasi aktivitas industri dan pelabuhan telah menimbulkan tekanan signifikan terhadap lingkungan dan daya tahan infrastruktur pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model prediktif berbasis ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) untuk memproyeksikan keberlanjutan lingkungan dan konstruksi pesisir secara terintegrasi. Data deret waktu tahunan yang mencakup variabel lingkungan (curah hujan, kualitas air) dan teknis konstruksi (usia struktur, frekuensi perawatan, kerusakan) dianalisis untuk mengidentifikasi tren dan pola jangka panjang yang berpotensi memengaruhi keberlanjutan sistem pelabuhan. Hasil uji Augmented Dickey-Fuller menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh variabel bersifat stasioner kecuali usia struktur yang memerlukan diferensiasi. Model AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (2,1,2) menunjukkan performa terbaik untuk sebagian besar variabel berdasarkan evaluasi AIC, BIC, RMSE, MAE, dan MAPE, sementara AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (3,2,4) optimal untuk usia struktur. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan ARIMA mampu secara efektif menangkap dinamika perubahan lingkungan dan teknis di wilayah pesisir Belawan, serta mendukung pengambilan keputusan adaptif dalam perencanaan pengelolaan pelabuhan berkelanjutan. Kata kunci: Model ARIMA, Keberlanjutan Lingkungan, Konstruksi Pesisir, Pelabuan Belawan Abstract The coastal region of Belawan Port, North Sumatra, plays a strategic role in supporting national economic growth, particularly in the logistics and export-import sectors. However, the intensification of industrial and port activities has imposed significant pressure on the environment and the resilience of coastal infrastructure. This study aims to develop an ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average)-based predictive model to project the sustainability of environmental conditions and coastal construction in an integrated manner. Annual time series data covering environmental variables (rainfall, water quality) and technical construction aspects (structure age, maintenance frequency, damage) were analyzed to identify long-term trends and patterns potentially affecting the sustainability of the port system. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller test results indicate that nearly all variables are stationary, except for structural age, which required differencing. The AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (2,1,2) model demonstrated the best performance for most variables based on evaluations of AIC, BIC, RMSE, MAE, and MAPE, while AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (3,2,4) was optimal for structural age. These findings suggest that the ARIMA approach can effectively capture the dynamic environmental and technical changes in the Belawan coastal area and support adaptive decision-making in sustainable port management planning. Keywords: ARIMA Model, Environmental Sustainability, Coastal Construction, Belawan Port

Penerapan Teknologi Tepat Guna/Sasaran Berbasis Energi Terbarukan di Desa Alue Naga Kota Banda Aceh Ali, Masri; Arif, Zainal; Syahrizal; Dewi, Irma; Nasution, Elvy Sahnur; Ibrahim, Masri; Ali, Nurdin; Machmud, M. Nizar; Husni
Kawanad : Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): March
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/kjpkm.v1i1.7

The focus of community service activities in Alue Naga Village is to provide solutions to the problem of limited electrical energy experienced by the people in Acehr. The purpose of community service is to downstream the results of the author's research on renewable energy technology for the island community. This community service method is (1) Training and technical guidance by the implementing team to partners regarding the operation and maintenance of the appropriate technology system that is applied; (2) the application of appropriate technology based on renewable energy in the form of solar street lights and wind power to increase access to electricity. Through technology transfer in this Community Service activity, it is hoped that the implementation of technology will be maintained continuously; The results of community service are the installation of the application of appropriate technology in the form of solar and wind power and increasing public knowledge about appropriate technology which is carried out through training to community youth partners in Alue Naga Village, Banda Aceh City.

Perhitungan Struktur Laboratorium Teknik Sipil Type II Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah (UMSU) Medan Gunawan, Randi; Dewi, Irma; Gultom , Muhammad Husin; Ajinar
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): January-June 2022
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v1i1.5

The lack of supporting infrastructure facilities such as the Laboratory at Samudra University, especially in the Civil Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, has resulted in Iskandar Thani Institute having to work hard in building infrastructure to keep pace with advances in technology and science. This study aims to plan the dimensions and reinforcement of beams, columns, plates and stairs in the Civil Engineering Laboratory building. The laboratory building to be analyzed has a total of 3 floors with floor dimensions of 43 m x 27.49 m. Modeling and analysis of the structure of this building is assisted by the SAP2000 program using the Special Moment Bearing Frame System (SPRMK) and is designed according to SNI 03-1726-2012, SNI 03-2847-2013, and PPPURG 1987. The structure is planned to use concrete quality fc' 30 MPa and steel grade fy 400 MPa. The results of the analysis obtained that the floor slab thickness was 13 cm using D10-200 mm reinforcement for main reinforcement and D10-300 mm for split reinforcement. The thickness of the roof slab is 12 cm using D10-200 mm reinforcement for main reinforcement and D10-300 mm for split reinforcement. The dimensions of the B1 beam are 50 cm x 70 cm using 12D25 for the support area with D10-80 mm braces and 8D25 reinforcement for the field area with D10-120 mm braces. Begel B2 30 cm x 50 cm using 4D25 reinforcement for the support area and field with braces for D10-200 mm field and braces for D10-100 mm support. The dimensions of the K1 column are 60 cm x 80 cm using 10D25 reinforcement with D10-300 mm begel. The dimensions of the K2 column are 60 cm x 60 cm using 8D25 reinforcement with D10 -200 mm begel. The thickness of the ladder plate and landing was obtained 13 cm using D10-200 mm reinforcement.

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