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Efektivitas Seduhan Daun Yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) terhadap Kadar Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) dan High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) pada Tikus Diabetik yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin (The Efectivity of  Yacon Leaves (Smallanthus sonchifolius) Infusion to Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Level in Diabetic Rats Induced by Streptozotocin) Vitta Permata Sarie; Roedy Budirahardjo; Budi Yuwono
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 3 No 3 (2015)
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated level of blood glucose abnormalities associated with the metabolism of carbohydrates,lipids and proteins. Lipids metabolism disorder can increase LDL and lower HDL level. One of plants in Indonesia, that has potential as antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic agent is yakon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) containing chlorogenic acid (CGA). This study aimed to determine the effect of yacon leaves infusion to LDL and HDL level in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). This study was an experimental research laboratories with the post test only control group design. Rats checked the blood glucose early then induced by STZ with dose 65 mg / kg BW. At 3 days post injection, they were checked the blood glucose. Then the rats were divided into 2 groups the control and treatment group. The treatment group was given yacon leaves infusion ( 3.6 ml/200 g BB rats ) for 14 days. Then they were checked LDL and HDL level by using electrospectrofotometer. Statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in LDL level and no significant difference in HDL level. It could be concluded that the yacon leaves infusion could lower LDL level in diabetic rats induced by STZ, while HDL level had not change. Keywords: Diabetic, HDL, LDL, yacon
The Efek Enzim Bromelin Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) Berbasis Sediaan Gel terhadap Lebar Intertubulus Dentin Retno Dewi Alfiyanti; Berlian Prihatiningrum; Roedy Budirahardjo
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 7 No 3 (2019): Volume 7 No.3, 2019
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v7i3.11705

Abstract

Caries tissue cleaning can use Chemo-Mechanical Caries Removal (CMCR) based on proteolytic enzymes that catalyze peptide bonds into simpler compounds. Proteolytic enzymes can be found in mature pineapple bromelain enzymes. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of gel-based bromelain enzyme with concentrations of 8%, 10% and 12% against the width of the intertubulus dentin. The bromelain enzyme is extracted using the Lowry method. Then purified using 80% ethanol and diluting become to concentrations of 8%, 10% and 12%. Diluted bromelain enzymes were formed in gel preparations based on HPMC and applied to the study sample. The results of this study indicated a widening of the intertubulus dentin. This is indicated by the variation of the dentin intertubulus width > 2µm. This widening occurs because the bromelain enzyme can hydrolyze collagen in intertubulus dentin in the absence of alpha-l-antitrypsin. Hydrolysis causes the breaking of hydrogen bonds in the triple helix- shaped tropocollagen to turn into strands of polypeptide chains. The bromelain enzyme with a concentration 10% is more effective than 8% and 12% because it is within the maximum speed limit of the enzyme so that the enzyme is saturated by its substrate and there is a difference in specific enzyme activity in each concentration.
ROBUSTA COFFEE BEANS DECREASE OF INFLAMMATION IN DENTAL CARIES I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; Pujiana Endah; Roedy Budirahardjo
UNEJ e-Proceeding Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Medicine and Health Sciences (ICMHS)
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

The coffee plant is one commodity that is developedin kabuapaten Jember. Coffee chemical constituents,such as flavonoids, xanthine, antioxidants, alkaloids,polyphenols may serve as anti-inflammatory,antibacterial, platelet aggregation. Polyphenolbioavailability of coffee has also been studied.1.2.3While Namboodiripad, K. Srividya (2009) provedtheir coffee inhibition zone against S. mutans. Theimmune response of dental caries among othersrelated to cytokines are expressed odontoblast layer,such as IL-1β, IL-1α and TNF-α.4.5 Thus it is said thatcoffee is thought to inhibit dental caries by means ofmodulating the immune response. This niaccordance with the Decree of the Minister of Statefor Research and Technology of the Republic ofIndonesia Number: 02 / M / Kp / II / 2000 onDevelopment and Engineering for NationalDevelopment (JAKSTRA 2000-2004) in the field ofdentistry which has two areas of research focusinclude health field for prevention and treatment ofdiseases and new materials related to ceramics,polymer composites, engineering materials(materials science and engineering), as well as newmaterial derived from ingredients that are natural.6One of the natural ingredients that are known toeveryone is coffee. Where coffee is one of theexcellent programs that can improve theperformance of Jember University's Strategic Plan.This type of coffee is widely known in Indonesiathere are three kinds, namely Arabica, Robusta andLiberika. In general, farmers grow robusta, becausein this type of coffee has more superior properties,so it is very fast growing. Even the coffee is thedominant species of coffee plantations in Indonesia.In addition, it contains prolifenol Robusta coffee,caffeine and chlorogenic acid, which is higher thanthe other coffee types. Currently, the production ofrobusta coffee production reached third copiesworldwide.7.8 Coffee brews are very widelyconsumed in the world due to their pleasant flavorand taste as well as for their stimulating effect onthe mental and physical activities. Several years ago,in California, a research conducted by TakayukiShibamoto, a professor of environmental toxicology,found that freshly brewed coffee contains potentantioxidants equal to the amount found in threeoranges. Antioxidants in general have been linked toa number of potential health benefits, includingprotection against heart disease and cancer,protection against liver and colon cancer, type 2diabetes, and Parkinson's disease..9 Coffee chemicalconstituents, such as flavonoids, xanthine,antioxidants, alkaloids, polyphenols may serve asanti-inflammatory, antibacterial, plateletaggregation.1.2.3 Roasted coffee also has antiadhesiveproperties which prevent adhesion of S.mutans and other harmful materials on the teethand whiten teeth.4 Previous research by a team ofother researchers of Excellence coffee beans for thetreatment of cancer of the oral cavity, an article onPotential immunomodulatory coffee beans to dentalcaries and the potential immunomodulatory Robustabeans to dental caries.10.11.12 In this study Robustabeans made in the form of pasta because pastaShape is the most popular because it can be easilyused and harden quickly.Capping pupa is one of the more conservativetreatments to prevent dental caries has been on thepulp or pulp exposure due to mechanical factors.Interest Capping pulp to maintain the vitality ofdental pulp. Pulp tissue is important in the formationof secondary dentine and reparative dentin inresponse to biological and pathological stimuli.Capping pulp is the application layer or theprotective material or materials for treatment overan open pulp, such as calcium hydroxide which willstimulate the formation of reparative dentin.13Capping pulp after the treatment, the healingprocess will occur in the pulp tissue covering theinflammatory response, collagen formation and theformation of new dentin. Inflammatory responseshould occur as a sign of the host defense. Acuteinflammation occurs a few minutes, hours or days,while chronic inflammation occurs after acuteinflammation. Inflammatory played by inflammatorycells such as PMN (polymorphonuclear,mononuclear cells (monocytes, macrophages,lymphocytes, mast cells, plasma cells). PMN are cellsleading that respond to injury and most frequentlyProceeding ICMHS 2016 ISBN 978-602-60569-3-1174seen in inflammation. These cells react in the earlystages of inflammation (acute) up to 28 hours,followed by macrophages, lymphocytes and plasmacells (chronic).14 Chronic inflammation is said to bethe beginning of the healing process. Although theresponse innate was important in inflammation, butan adaptive response also plays a role, becausecytokines were producted by T cells induceinflammation. To obtain optimal care, the necessaryunderstanding in depth about how the composition,antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, effect ondentin and pulp as well as the technique of using aresin adhesive as a material Capping pulp directly. Inhandling damage teeth, either by decay or trauma,maintain vital pulp tissue remains the mostimportant things to be done by a dentist because ofthe non-vital teeth, the teeth tend to be susceptibleto fracture. The development of the field ofconservation science teeth adapted to thedevelopment of basic science related andtechnological advances applied which is thedevelopment of science in the field of clinical(clinical science). Dental conservation therapy aimsto maintain its position of teeth as long as possible inorder to work longer. This objective can be achievedby treating the hard tissue or soft tissue of a tooth totooth structure back to normal, or at least close tonormal.15
Analysis of protein profile of neem leaves juice (azadirachta indica l. Juss) I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; Pujiana Endah Lestari; Roedy Budirahardjo
UNEJ e-Proceeding 2016: Proceeding The 1st International Basic Science Conference
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

The current trend of the management of diseases has shifted toward modulating the immune response of the patients. This is achieved by the administration of immunomodulatory substance obtained from the immunogenic medicinal plant, such as neem. The immunogenic properties of neem has been associated with its protein content. Aim. This study aimed to characterize the proteins and immunogenic components of neem leaves juice using sodium dodecyl Sulphate method Polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Materials and Methods. Neem leaf juice was extracted for proteins with freeze dry method. Samples that were to be run were added with RSB with the ratio of 1:1, then heated in boiled water for ± 5 minutes. An amount of 15 µl from each sample was then put into the wells. Samples were run in 120 Volt for 60-80 minutes. Gel was then taken, stained with silver nitrate for 1 hour, and was then stained every 1.5 hours. Protein bands formed were then observed. Results. The protein fraction of neem leaves juice consisted of proteins with molecular weights (MW) as follows: 11 kDa, 13 kDa, 30 kDa, 62 kDa, 70 kDa, 81 kDa. Conclusion. All protein fractions of neem leaves juice are potentially immunogenic components.
ROBUSTA COFFEE BEANS INCREASE LEVELS OF TNF-α AS A RESPONSE TO Streptococcus mutans Pujiana Endah Lestari; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; Roedy Budirahardjo
UNEJ e-Proceeding Proceeding of 1st International Conference on Medicine and Health Sciences (ICMHS)
Publisher : UPT Penerbitan Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Coffee plant is commodity exports that wasencouraging because it has relatively high economicvalue in the world market. Coffee plantations aremanaged by people, and this day its grow continuallyin several provinces in Indonesia so expansion isincreasing continuously. Coffee production inIndonesia ranks the fourth largest in the world afterColombia, Brazil and Vietnam (Zainuddin andMurtisari, 1995; Simanihuruk and Sirait, 2010). Inaddition, the coffee plant is one of the leadingcommodities developed in Jember. Chemical contentof coffee such as flavonoids, xanthine, antioxidants,alkaloids, polyphenols can serve as a bitter taste,antibacterial, platelet aggregation. Thebioavailability of polyphenols coffee has also beenstudied (Scalbert et al., 2000; Coralie et al., 2006;Naziq, 2012).Namboodiripad and Srividya (2009) prove theexistence of the inhibition zone coffee against S.mutans. These bacteria are structurally andantigenetically express a surface protein that arecalled antigen I / II, B, Sr and PAC that have amolecular weight of 185 kDa. These antigens by theresearchers were assigned that play a role in thepathogenesis of dental caries, and its are effective asa vaccine in the prevention of dental caries. I/IIantigens of S. mutans have properties of adhesive,that the bacteria are used attachment to hostcomponents during colonize and infection, so itsbecome the focus of a number of researchers. Thesesurface-antigen proteins have an effect in theattachment of S. mutans with acquired pellicles ontooth surfaces (Yuliati, 2005). The immune responsesof dental caries were associated with cytokine suchas IL-1 β, α, IL-1 and TNF-α that were expressedodontoblast layer. It is said that bacteria excretion aextracellular virulence-immunomodulatory protein(VIP, which has a mitogenic effect on lymphocytes,suppress the immune response of the host andinduces production of IL-10, which is animmunosuppressor cytokines. So, VIP is animportant virulence factor produced microorganismsand closely associated with the pathogenicity ofbacteria (Gomes et al., 2006).Thereby, it is said that coffee could be expectedto inhibit dental caries by means of modulate theimmune response. The paradigm change stated thatthe tissue replacement turns into tissueregeneration that was cause approach of medicalmateria that geared to a biologically tissueimprovement. Biocompatible materials indicate thatit can be accepted by the body (Harty and Ogston(1995), and the coffee was clearly meets theserequirements.The current utilization of the coffee plant in themodulates an immune response against S. mutansthat is cause a dental caries that have not beenstudied, so arises problem how theimmunomodulatory potential of robusta coffeebeans against dental caries ?The general objective of this research is to analyzethe immunomodulatory potential of robusta coffeebeans against dental caries, whereas the aim inparticular is analyze the influence of robusta coffeebeans against TNF-α levels in response to S. mutans.
The role of Kuniran (U. moluccensis) and Gurami (O. goramy) fish thorns and scales in increasing salivary leukocyte and monocyte cells viability against Streptococcus mutans I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; P. Purwanto; Pujiana Endah Lestari; Roedy Budirahardjo; Dyah Setyorini; Ristya Widi Endah Yani; Erawati Wulandari; Melok Aris Wahyukundari
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 52 No. 1 (2019): March 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1168.806 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v52.i1.p45-50

Abstract

Background: Kuniran thorns and Gurami fish scales are rich in protein and minerals such as dentin believed to increase cell viability against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) that causes dental caries. These, in turn, can cause systemic diseases if left untreated. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the influence of Kuniran thorns and Gurami fishes scales on the viability of monocytes and salivary leukocytes against S. mutans. Methods: Monocytes and leukocytes salivary cells were placed on a microtiter plate and treated according to the nature of each group. This study comprised the following groups: control group: untreated; S. mutans group: induced by S. Mutans; Gurami thorn group: thorns + S. Mutans; Gurami scales group: scales + S. Mutans; Kuniran thorn group: thorns + S. Mutans; Kuniran scales group: scales + S. mutans. Viability analysis involved staining with Tripan Blue. Furthermore, the number of viable cells (white) was calculated under an inverted microscope at 200 times magnification from five fields of view. Data was analyzed by means of an ANOVA test followed by LSD test. Results: The ANOVA and LSD tests confirmed significant differences (0.01<P). Kuniran thorns and Gurami fish scales increased the viability of monocytes and salivary leukocytes, but not significantly. The content of flavonoids, amino acids, omega 3, omega 6 and antioxidants increased leukocyte metabolism, thereby increasing cell resistance to S. mutans infection. Conclusion: Kuniran thorns (U. moluccensis) and Gurami (O. goramy) fish scales increase the viability of salivary leukocyte and monocyte cells against Streptococcus mutans.
Profil lesi jaringan lunak rongga mulut anak stunting kategori pendek dan sangat pendekProfile of oral soft tissue lesions in stunted and severely stunted children Salsabila Hasbullah; Roedy Budirahardjo; Niken Probosari
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 33, No 2 (2021): Agustus 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v33i2.33134

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Stunting adalah keadaan kekurangan gizi kronis yang dipresentasikan secara antropometri berdasarkan nilai Z-score tinggi badan kurang dari -2 standar deviasi (SD) WHO Child Growth Standards pada kelompok umur dan jenis kelamin yang sama. Salah satu faktor utama penyebab stunting adalah defisiensi mikronutrien kronis pada 1000 hari pertama kehidupan secara spesifik pada vitamin B2, vitamin B6, zinc, dan zat besi Di sisi lain, defisiensi tersebut pun dapat menyebabkan berbagai lesi pada rongga mulut. Anak stunting memiliki risiko lebih tinggi pada lesi, penyakit bahkan kematian terutama pada anak stunting kategori sangat pendek.  Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui profil lesi jaringan lunak rongga mulut pada anak stunting kategori pendek dan sangat pendek. Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa data rekap bulanan status gizi berdasarkan Z-score oleh Puskesmas Jelbuk dan data primer berupa hasil pemeriksaan rongga mulut pada anak stunting. Hasil: Lesi jaringan lunak rongga mulut pada anak stunting kategori pendek adalah; Glositis (41,9%), Angular cheilitis (16,1%), Ulser (9,6%), Recurrent Apthous Stomatitis (6,4%), Oral Candidiasis (3,3%). Anak stunting kategori sangat pendek: Glositis (53,5%), Angular cheilitis (17,8%), Ulser (3,5%), Recurrent Apthous Stomatitis  (7,1%), Oral Candidiasis (3,5%). Simpulan: Lesi jaringan lunak rongga mulut dengan prevalensi terbesar pada kedua kelompok kategori stunting adalah Athropic glossitis. Hal ini perlu mendapat perhatian khusus oleh praktisi kesehatan maupun pemerintah setempat karena kesehatan rongga mulut secara utuh akan memengaruhi asupan nutrisi bagi anak dan sebaliknya.Kata kunci: stunting; jaringan lunak rongga mulut; anak; lesiABSTRACTIntroduction: Stunting is a condition of chronic malnutrition presented anthropometrically based on the Z-score of height less than -2 standard deviations (SD) of the WHO Child Growth Standards in the same age and sex group. One of the main factors of stunting is chronic micronutrient deficiency in the first 1000 days of life, specifically of vitamin B2, vitamin B6, zinc, and iron. On the other hand, these deficiencies can also cause various lesions in the oral cavity. Stunting children have a higher lesion risk, disease, and even death, especially in severely stunted children. This study was aimed to examine the profile of oral soft tissue lesions in stunted and severely stunted children. Methods: The type of research used was descriptive observational research with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. This study uses secondary data in the form of monthly recap data on the nutritional status based on Z-score by Jelbuk Health Center and primary data in oral cavity examination results in stunted children. Results: Oral soft tissue lesions in stunted children were glossitis (41.9%), angular cheilitis (16.1%), ulcer (9.6%), recurrent aphthous stomatitis (6.4%), and oral candidiasis (3.3%). Severely stunted children: Glossitis (53.5%), angular cheilitis (17.8%), ulcer (3.5%), recurrent aphthous stomatitis (7.1%), oral candidiasis (3.5%). Conclusions: The oral soft tissue lesion with the highest prevalence in both groups of stunting children was atrophic glossitis. This condition needs special attention from health practitioners and local governments because oral health will affect nutritional intake for children and vice versa.Keywords: stunting, oral soft tissue; children; lesion
Robusta Coffee (Coffeacanephora) Decreasing IL-1α (Interleukin-1α) Expression and Increasing the Number of Fibroblasts in Healing Process in Dental Pulp in Wistar Rats I Dewa Ayu Ratna Dewanti; I Dewa Ayu Susilawati; Pujiana Endah Lestari; Ristya Widi Endah Lestari; Erawati Wulandari; Roedy Budirahardjo; Dyah Setyorini; Sunlip Wibisono
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 51 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2019.51.1.6

Abstract

Fibroblasts and IL-1α are important components of inflammation and healing in dental caries. This healing allegedly could be enhanced by robusta coffee. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of varying concentrations of robusta coffee on IL-1α expression and the number of fibroblasts. Wistar rats were used, divided into 4 groups and 3 subgroups (7-, 14"‘, and 21-day rats) with each group containing 4 animals: Control group: untreated group; 25% Coffee Group: cavities + treated with 25% coffee bean paste; 50% Coffee Group: cavities + treated with 50% coffee bean paste; 75% Coffee Group: cavities + treated with 75% coffee bean paste. The 7-, 14-, and 21-day rats were sacrificed serially for analysis of the number of dental pulp fibroblasts by staining with HE and IL-1α expression by immunohistochemistry. The resulting data were analyzed descriptively and using ANOVA, followed by an LSD test. The higher the concentration of robusta coffee, the more the expression of IL-1α decreased and the more the number of fibroblasts increased. It is suspected that immunomodulatory proteins inhibit IL-1α expression. It was concluded that robusta coffee could decrease IL-1α expression and increase the number of fibroblasts during the healing process in the dental pulp of Wistar rats.
SISIK IKAN SEBAGAI BAHAN YANG BERPOTENSI MEMPERCEPAT PROSES PENYEMBUHAN JARINGAN LUNAK RONGGA MULUT, REGENERASI DENTIN TULANG ALVEOLAR Roedy Budirahardjo
STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 7 No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Background. Fish scales are the waste that has not been utilized optimally. Fish scales in industrial scale(derived from fish fillet industry) can be utilized as a source of collagen, whereas in the household is usually justthrown away. Fish scales containing proximate, calcium, chitin, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, phenols hydroquinone,molisch, benedict, biuret and ninhydrin allegedly can be used as a stimulant of bone regeneration after toothextraction. Expected fish scales can provide a solution as a material that can accelerate the regeneration ofalveolar bone after tooth extraction are cheap, easily available and effective. The aim of this study was to know thepotential of fish scales as a material that can accelerate the healing process of soft tissues of the oral cavity, dentineand alveolar bone regeneration. The benefits of this study was this article can be used as a reference for studiesutilizing fish scales as a material that can accelerate the healing process of soft tissue, hard tissue regeneration, ofcourse it's cheap and easily obtainable. Discussion. Content of fish scales were similar to bone and also containsome property that have the potential as an antimicrobial. The antimicrobial properties of fish scales indicate qualifyas dental materials. The mechanism of healing of soft tissue of fish scales allegedly played by the alkaloids, steroids,saponins, phenols hidrokuinone, which can modulate immune cell activity. The others were suspected to regulatethe content of odontoblast activity, osteoblasts and osteoclasts and fibroblasts. The conclusion of this review that fishscales could potentially accelerate healing of soft tissues of the oral cavity, dentine and alveolar bone regeneration.
Karies Gigi Dan Fluoridasi Elastomer Roedy Budirahardjo
STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 7 No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Fluoride aplication to modul elastomer very important for caries preventive, as effect of carbohydrate, microrganism at orthodontic attachment. Programe of preventive with fluor can decrease demineralization for orthodontic treatment, specially if it been followed with oral hygiene instruction and motivation. Purposed. This review article purposed for give information about relationship caries with elastomer fluoridation . Discused. elastomer fluoridation was aplicated around brecket orthodonti, where fluor expected many bound by apatite hydroxile. It was addition apatite hydroxylecan be changes become fluor apatite, it more resistant to acid. Conclusion. Elastomer fluoridation very important for orthodontc attachment it could be prevent caries.