Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

ASEAN SYNERGY TO OVERCOME CHALLENGES IN INVESTMENT ARBITRATION Herliana, Herliana
Indonesian Journal of International Law
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (319.725 KB)

Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines, have been sued by foreign investors through international investment arbitrations (IIA). No matter whether the outcome is favorable or not, those countries have spend significant time, energy, and financial resources to arbitrate. ASEAN countries are not in advantageous position in IIA.The first and the most obvious reason is language barrier. Arbitration proceedins are mainly conducted in English. Consequently, the arbitrators and counsels more often than not come from English speaking countries. Not only do they lead to high cost, but also they lack of familiarity with South East Asia’s social, politics, economic, culture and customs. This may influence how they treat the cases such as the interpretation of provisions specifically designed to protect foreign investors such as: national treatment; fair and equitable treatment; most favored nation; and also in deciding jurisdictional issues. regional news as a legal basis for foreign investment activities aim to provide protection for foreign investor. On the other hand, it also serves as a mean to facilitate economic development in the host states of investment. Unfortunately, BITs often contain excessive and limitless protection clauses in order to attract foreign investors. This may endanger host states position as it can be used as a weapon by the investors to sue the host states. In responding to this fact, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation among ASEAN members in dealing with foreign investors through BIT. The ideal picture will be that SEA is pro-market and pro-arbitration reform. It is unavoidable that in order to protect themselves from harsh investors as well as intricate arbitration, ASEAN would be better off having its own investment arbitration center run by its experts. Thus, the short-term challenge is to equip legal practitioners, business players and academicians with more knowledge, skills and experiences in dealing with investment disputes. The long-term step will be to negotiate model of investment treaties applicable in the region and to harmonize national investment laws. These efforts are strategic opportunities for ASEAN as single market to keep balance between promoting investment, protecting investors and the host states at the same time.

INCONSISTENCIES IN ICSID AWARDS ON DISPUTES RELATED TO MFN AND UMBRELLA CLAUSE Herliana Herliana
Diponegoro Law Review Vol 6, No 2 (2021): Diponegoro Law Review October 2021
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Diponegoro

Investment arbitration has been acclaimed as an important part of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) movement around the globe because it provides a neutral and trustable forum for settling investment dispute. However, many argue that investment arbitration often becomes advocates of foreign investors and neglect the developing country’s interests as the host of investment. This paper aims at studying the investment arbitration awards rendered by International Center for Settlement of Investment Dispute (ICSID) tribunals launched against developing countries. The question is whether and to what extent those awards have equally observed the interests of foreign investors and host states of investments. To answer the questions, this paper employs case study method and use publicly available ICSID cases. This research shows that some ICSID tribunals have inconsistent reasoning which led to contradictory decisions. Apparently, as some cases indicate ICSID tribunals gave more weight to the need to protect foreign investors rather than host countries’ development interests. As a consequence, inconsistency and ambiguity have led to uncertainty and unpredictability of the forum. This is not only disadvantaged the parties due to inability to foresee the likely outcome of the disputes but also endanger the ICSID tribunals’ credibility as neutral and reliable forum.

Penerapan Prinsip Hakim Pasif dan Aktif Serta Relevansinya terhadap Konsep Kebenaran Formal Tata Wijayanta; Sandra Dini Febri Aristya; Kunthoro Basuki; Ms. Herliana; Hasrul Halili; RB. Sutanto; Retno Supartinah
Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada Vol 22, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada

The conception of “formal truth” in civil procedure is about to become a debate among academicians and practitioners because it is deemed no longer relevant to achieve justice. Modern paradigm begins to consider that this concept should be given similar interpretation with material truth theory adhered by criminal procedure. Konsep kebenaran formal dalam acara perdata mulai menjadi perdebatan di antara para akademisi dan praktisi karena dianggap sudah tidak lagi relevan dan jauh dari rasa keadilan. Paradigma saat ini mesti mulai mempertimbangkan bahwa konsep kebenaran formal harus diberi pengertian yang sama dengan konsep kebenaran material dalam acara pidana.

Mediation Without Giving in: Critical Analysis on The UN Convention on Mediation From The Asean Perspective Herliana Herliana
Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) Vol 11 No 4 (2022)
Publisher : University of Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JMHU.2022.v11.i04.p01

The Mediation Convention is a legal instrument represents final and conclusive dispute resolution outcomes which may be recognized and enforced in accordance with international law. More than 50 countries have ratified the Convention. However, among ASEAN member countries, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia and Myanmar have not ratified it. This paper critically examines what are the legal implications and benefits of the Mediation Convention to ASEAN in the context of an integrated economic community. This study employs a normative method by doing a library research to obtain secondary data. Data collecting method uses documentary study towards relevant legal materials. The data analysis employs qualitative analysis involving grouping similar kinds of information together in categories. This research concludes that ratification of the Mediation Convention will promote international business and investment in the region. Moreover, to reap benefits of the Convention, ASEAN countries shall meet requirements as follows: supportive external condition, power balance, inclusivity, adaptation to local norm and coherence.

HOW JUDICIARY SUPPORTS CONTRACT LAW ENFORCEMENT: Indonesian Experience Herliana Herliana
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Vol 13, No 2 (2022): Jurisdictie
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j.v13i2.18941

Contract law enforcement matters since it is one of the indications used by the World Bank to determine ease of doing business. The more effective the settlement of agreement dispute, the better the business environment in a country. The issues with Indonesian Courts are inefficiency, inconsistency, and poor use of technology to support litigation process. This article aims to evaluate why the Indonesian judiciary reformation is yet to be swift and efficient in process. It is normative research using secondary data from regulation documents, books, articles, and journals. The data are analyzed qualitatively by organizing them into categories before coding. Then, they are analyzed using narrative analysis. The research results indicate that the Indonesian judiciary has not wholeheartedly implemented the reforms, indicated by the optional use of e-court and small claim court, lack of mediation skills and facilities, and lack of technology used for litigation process in courtroom. This research contributes in providing accurate information on how the judiciary should improve its performances to function efficiently so it supports government’s program to create positive business climate in Indonesia, by requiring simple lawsuit, e-court use expansion, optimal use of technology, and improving the judge’s skills.Penegakan hukum terhadap perjanjian hubungan bisnis memegang peranan penting karena menjadi salah satu indikator Bank Dunia dalam menentukan indeks kemudahan berusaha di suatu negara. Semakin efektif penyelesaian sengketa perjanjian, semakin baik pula iklim bisnis di suatu negara. Permasalahan yang dihadapi peradilan Indonesia adalah kurang efisien, tidak konsisten, dan juga kurang optimalnya penggunaan teknologi untuk mendukung proses litigasi. Penelitian ini menganalisis mengapa reformasi peradilan belum mengarah pada proses cepat dan efisien. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari peraturan, dokumen, buku, artikel, dan laporan penelitian. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan mengategorikan informasi sebelum dilakukan kodifikasi. Data yang telah dikodifikasi dianalisis secara naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reformasi peradilan belum dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Adapun indikasinya adalah penggunaan e-court dan gugatan sederhana yang masih opsional, kurangnya keterampilan mediasi yang dimiliki para hakim mediator, serta kurangnya penggunaan teknologi untuk mendukung proses litigasi. Penelitian ini bermanfaat memberikan informasi bagi dunia peradilan tentang bagaimana langkah yang harus diambil untuk menciptakan peradilan yang berfungsi efisien sehingga dapat mendukung upaya pemerintah menciptakan iklim berusaha yang positif di Indonesia dengan cara mewajibkan gugatan sederhana, perluasan penggunaan e-court, penggunaan teknologi dengan optimal dan peningkatan kapasitas hakim.

NALAR MAZHAB SOSIOLOGIS DALAM PENEMUAN HUKUM YANG BERKEADILAN OLEH HAKIM Widowati, Christiani; Herliana, Herliana
Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The issue of justice is a philosophical and contemporary issue. As a philosophical study, justice is examined from several schools of thoughts within the philosophy of law. This study focuses on the sociological jurisprudence discipline which basically states that law as a social norm which is inseparable from the values prevailing in a society because there is a close correlation between law and society. In relation to judicial authority, the denotation of justice in the judge's decision is that it should be in accordance with the law prevailing in the community. This research was conducted through the statute approach method by collecting and analyzing laws and regulations related to the focus of this study, complemented by a conceptual approach based on the legal principles found in the laws and regulations and legal doctrines. Thus, it is perceivable that the sociological jurisprudence is the synthesis of the dialectical studies between normative and positivist views on the legal findings made by judges by interpreting justice as an accord between judges' decisions and legal values living in the society.

HOW JUDICIARY SUPPORTS CONTRACT LAW ENFORCEMENT: Indonesian Experience Herliana Herliana
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Vol 13, No 2 (2022): Jurisdictie
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j.v13i2.18941

Contract law enforcement matters since it is one of the indications used by the World Bank to determine ease of doing business. The more effective the settlement of agreement dispute, the better the business environment in a country. The issues with Indonesian Courts are inefficiency, inconsistency, and poor use of technology to support litigation process. This article aims to evaluate why the Indonesian judiciary reformation is yet to be swift and efficient in process. It is normative research using secondary data from regulation documents, books, articles, and journals. The data are analyzed qualitatively by organizing them into categories before coding. Then, they are analyzed using narrative analysis. The research results indicate that the Indonesian judiciary has not wholeheartedly implemented the reforms, indicated by the optional use of e-court and small claim court, lack of mediation skills and facilities, and lack of technology used for litigation process in courtroom. This research contributes in providing accurate information on how the judiciary should improve its performances to function efficiently so it supports government’s program to create positive business climate in Indonesia, by requiring simple lawsuit, e-court use expansion, optimal use of technology, and improving the judge’s skills.Penegakan hukum terhadap perjanjian hubungan bisnis memegang peranan penting karena menjadi salah satu indikator Bank Dunia dalam menentukan indeks kemudahan berusaha di suatu negara. Semakin efektif penyelesaian sengketa perjanjian, semakin baik pula iklim bisnis di suatu negara. Permasalahan yang dihadapi peradilan Indonesia adalah kurang efisien, tidak konsisten, dan juga kurang optimalnya penggunaan teknologi untuk mendukung proses litigasi. Penelitian ini menganalisis mengapa reformasi peradilan belum mengarah pada proses cepat dan efisien. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari peraturan, dokumen, buku, artikel, dan laporan penelitian. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan mengategorikan informasi sebelum dilakukan kodifikasi. Data yang telah dikodifikasi dianalisis secara naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reformasi peradilan belum dilaksanakan sepenuhnya. Adapun indikasinya adalah penggunaan e-court dan gugatan sederhana yang masih opsional, kurangnya keterampilan mediasi yang dimiliki para hakim mediator, serta kurangnya penggunaan teknologi untuk mendukung proses litigasi. Penelitian ini bermanfaat memberikan informasi bagi dunia peradilan tentang bagaimana langkah yang harus diambil untuk menciptakan peradilan yang berfungsi efisien sehingga dapat mendukung upaya pemerintah menciptakan iklim berusaha yang positif di Indonesia dengan cara mewajibkan gugatan sederhana, perluasan penggunaan e-court, penggunaan teknologi dengan optimal dan peningkatan kapasitas hakim.

ACTOR SEQUITUR FORUM REI: A THEORITICAL STUDY Sujayadi, Sujayadi; Wijayanta, Tata; Herliana, Herliana
Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Bina Mulia Hukum Volume 7 Number 2 March 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23920/jbmh.v7i2.896

The actor sequitur forum rei principle is the primary basis for determining the relative competence of civil courts in countries that adopt civil law systems. In this article, the role of the actor sequitur forum rei will be examined theoretically by analyzing theories related to personal jurisdiction, categorization of jurisdiction, and procedural justice theory. The analysis results indicate that actor sequitur forum rei is founded on the theory of power and is classified as a "connected" jurisdiction with a general nature, as jurisdiction is linked to the defendant's domicile. It enables the defendant to be sued in the forum of their domicile at any time and for any reason. Additionally, according to procedural justice theory, actor sequitur forum rei is shown to provide the defendant with protective aspects.

Enhancing ADR through Collaborative Clinical Legal Education: Law Schools and BANI's Optimized Partnership in Indonesia Herliana, Herliana; Mubdi, Umar; Sempurno, Arief; Syifa, Erma Nuzulia
The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education Vol 5 No 2 (2023): Legal Education in Current Development: Problems and Challenges
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijicle.v5i2.67001

This article endeavors to seamlessly incorporate the teaching of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) directly into the framework of Clinical Legal Education (CLE), utilizing collaboration with esteemed dispute settlement institutions, notably the Indonesian Arbitration Center (BANI) and the Indonesian National Mediation Center (PMN). The imperative for such integration is underscored by the heightened demand for skilled arbitrators and mediators, given the ubiquitous inclusion of ADR clauses in nearly every contractual arrangement. In the contemporary legal landscape where ADR clauses have become standard practice for resolving disputes arising from contractual relationships, the professional roles of arbitrators and mediators are indispensable. The significance of this initiative lies in recognizing that the success of CLE in ADR in Indonesia necessitates a fundamental shift in the mindset of the legal community. It is asserted that the conventional teaching methods, traditionally confined to the classroom, are insufficient for the cultivation of skills pertinent to amicable dispute resolution. Thus, the article advocates for the active involvement of professional arbitrators and mediators, calling for their comprehensive integration and support not only within law school curricula but also in the broader community. This transformative approach aims to bridge the practical gap between theoretical instruction and real-world application, envisioning a legal education system that produces professionals adept at ethical and effective dispute resolution in Indonesia.

Maqasid al-Sharia in Court-Mediation Reform: A Study on Efficiency and Social Justice in Medical Disputes Herliana, Herliana
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 15, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Shariah Faculty UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v15i2.23962

Islam prioritises peace as a means of resolving disputes. Peace between parties can be achieved in various ways, one of which is mediation. Despite creating social justice, the effectiveness of mediation in resolving various complex civil cases is still questionable. This article aims to analyse the efficiency of resolving medical disputes through mediation based on the principles of Islamic law. This article is based on the results of normative juridical research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study found that the implementation of facilitative mediation by the mediator in medical dispute resolution helps improve its efficiency. Furthermore, before mediating conflicts, judge-mediators need to take a more proactive position, improve their communication skills, and have sufficient knowledge of health law. A well-informed mediator is likely to provide social justice for doctors and patients. Keywords: mediation; medical disputes; social justice; court.

Title

Found 15 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 15 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 15 Documents
Search