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Sistem Fotoakustik Sederhana Berbasis Laser Dioda dan Mikrofon Condenser untuk Pengukuran Konsentrasi Darah Mitrayana, Eddy Kurniawan, Rini Widyaningrum,
Risalah Fisika Vol 1, No 2 (2017): Risalah Fisika ISSN 2548-9011
Publisher : Physical Society of Indonesia (PSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.883 KB) | DOI: 10.35895/rf.v1i2.63

Abstract

Telah dilakukan pembuatan dan pengujian sistem fotoakustik berbasis laser dioda dan mikrofon kondenser untuk pengukuran konsentrasi darah. Karakterisasi terhadap mikrofon Arduino Uno R3, dan laser dilakukan sehingga diperoleh pengaturan sistem yang sesuai. Sampel berupa darah dengan konsentrasi 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, dan 90% di dalam medium phospate buffered saline (PBS) diuji masing-masing sebanyak 5 kali menggunakan sistem yang telah dibuat sehingga diperoleh persamaan kalibrasi taraf intensitas sinyal fotoakustik terhadap konsentrasi darah. Terakhir, sistem diuji untuk mengukur sampel dengan konsentrasi darah 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%. Diperoleh hasil bahwa pengaturan sistem yang sesuai untuk digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) frekuensi modulasi laser senilai (18.420  80) Hz dan (2) duty cycle senilai (50,00,8)%. Nilai gradien  dan  yang diperoleh berdasarkan hasil pengujian mendekati 1, yaitu 0,80,2 dan 0,85. Hasil tersebut membuktikan bahwa sistem cukup akurat dan linear dalam mengukur konsentrasi darah. Kata kunci: fotoakustik, laser dioda, mikrofon condenser, konsentrasi darah
The Association between Periodontal Conditions and Serum Lipids among Elderly Participants in Gadjah Mada Medical Centre, Yogyakarta Widita, Elastria; Hanindriyo, Lisdrianto; Widyaningrum, Rini; Priyono, Bambang; Agustina, Dewi
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 24, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases by controlling risk factors at an early stage is very important. Objective: To determine the relationship between periodontal conditions with serum lipids among the elderly. Methods: Total of 78 participants (56 males and 32 females) who were in the age range of 60-76 years were selected for the current study. A logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between periodontal conditions and serum lipid profile. Periodontal conditions was recorded as the maximum score of pocket depth (PD) and loss of attachment (LoA) score which presented in the participants, while levels of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) were measured for the serum lipids profile. Age, gender, BMI, high blood pressure, pattern of dental visit, hypertension and cholesterol medication, number of teeth, PD, and LoA were included in the model as independent variable. TC, HDL, LDL, and TG were used as dependent variables. Results: According to the results of the logistic regression analysis, loss of attachment >6 mm was associated with TC (p<0.01; 5.295(1.710-16.391) and LDL (p<0.05; 2.87(1.118-7.405), while PD had no association with serum lipids (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study indicates that subjects with greater loss of attachment significantly associated with higher levels of serum TC and LDL. This may suggest that elderly people with greater loss of attachment are potentially at risk of having serum lipid impairment.
Image Analysis of Periapical Radiograph for Bone Mineral Density Prediction Rini Widyaningrum; Sri Lestari; Ferry Jie
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 8, No 4: August 2018
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (367.752 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v8i4.pp2083-2090

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease. Parameter from any bone site in the body has possibility to be developed as a predictor of osteoporosis. The alteration in the mandible trabecular bone is visible in periapical radiographs. The aim of this study was to correlate the area parameter and the integrated density of periapical radiograph with bone mineral density. Image analysis of periapical radiograph i.e. measurement of area parameter and integrated density was done on Region of Interest (ROI) by using canny edge detection method. Result of this study showed that the area parameter has asignificant (α<0.05) negative correlation with the bone mass density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (r = -0.371) and T-score of the lumbar spine (r = -0.383). The linear regression test showed that the area parameter only can be used to predict T-score of the lumbar spine (F=5.822, α<0.05). The integrated density showed a significant (α < 0.05) negative correlation with T-score of hip (r = -0.332) and T-score of lumbar spine (r = -0.377). It can be concluded that the area parameter can be used as one of input parameters for computer-aided system of osteoporosis early detection by using periapical radiograph.
KARAKTERISASI SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA PADA RAHANG BAWAH DENGAN METODE PENGENALAN POLA PADA CITRA RADIOGRAF PANORAMIK DIGITAL Sri Lestari; Rini Widyaningrum
Teknoin Vol. 22 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/teknoin.vol22.iss1.art8

Abstract

Tumour is a pathologic condition that frequently occur in the jaws. Diagnosis is an important process to determine the type of tumour for the patient, especially malignant tumour. A precise and correct diagnosis and supported by a precise treatment planning will support the recovery and a better life expectation for the patient. One of the imaging techniques that commonly used is panoramic radiography. As the objective of this research is to acquire a pattern recognition method on the panoramic radiograph for type of tumour detection in the jaws. The image processing method that applied involve histogram equalization, edge detection, and binary image. The processing has been done by considering the shape, edge, and the characteristic of the tumour. The result of image processing compared with the interpretation by the dentist as the reference analysis. The analysis of the image processing result were appropriate with the dentist‟s interpretation for the case of malignant tumour. As the case of malignant tumour that has been observed was squamous cell carcinoma. The result of pattern recognition on the case of malignant tumour showed unobvious edges, the content of the lesion has radiopaque and radiolucency composition, and the defect of mandibular cortical that can be seen obviously.
Perbedaan Hasil Pengukuran Horizontal pada Tulang Mandibula dengan Radiograf Panoramik Munakhir Mudjosemedi; Rini Widyaningrum; Rellyca Sola Gracea
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 1, No 1 (2015): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (651.333 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.9010

Abstract

Radiograf panoramik mencitrakan gigi-geligi rahang bawah dan atas beserta seluruh jaringan pendukungnya dalam sebuah citra tunggal, proses pemeriksaannya murah, cepat, dan mudah, serta paparan radiasi yang diterima oleh pasien relatif rendah. Di samping memiliki sejumlah keunggulan tersebut, radiograf panoramik juga memiliki kelemahan karena gambaran yang dihasilkan pada teknik radiografi ini mengalami distorsi geometris, sehingga hasil pencitraan pada radiografi panoramik cenderung tidak sesuai dengan ukuran struktur anatomi yang sesungguhnya pada pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil pengukuran horizontal pada preparat mandibula dibandingkan dengan pengukuran horizontal pada citra radiograf panoramik, serta untuk mengetahui seberapa besar distorsi pengukuranhorizontal pada radiograf panoramik. Sampel penelitian berupa 56 buah preparat mandibula yang masing-masing diberi 23 buah metal marker. Radiograf panoramik diambil dari masing-masing sampel. Pengukuran horizontal pada sampel menggunakan sliding caliper digital, sedangkan pengukuran horizontal pada radiograf panoramik menggunakankomputer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara hasil pengukuran pada radiograf panoramik dibandingkan dengan hasil pengukuran pada preparat mandibula, kecuali pada hasil pengukuran horizontal regio gigi geligi posterior dan regio median line hingga posterior korpus mandibula. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada penempatan posisi kepala pasien yang memenuhi standar akan dihasilkan radiograf panoramik dengan distorsi geometris berupa penyempitan dimensi horizontal pada regio anterior mandibula. Pengukuran horizontal pada radiograf panoramik memiliki akurasi yang baik jika dilakukan pada regio posterior, namun cenderung tidak akurat jika dilakukan secara memanjang melintasi median line. Differences of Horizontal Measurement on Dry Mandibles and Panoramic Radiographs. Panoramic radiograph produces one single image of both maxillary and mandibular dental arches and their supporting structures. This technique is cheap, fast and easy, with relatively low radiation exposure received by patients. However, the panoramic radiograph also has some disadvantages related to its geometric distortion. The images of patient’s anatomical structureson panoramic radiograph are not equal with their actual dimension. The aim of this study is to determine the distortion of panoramic radiograph, by comparing the horizontal measurements on panoramic radiographs with those on the real object, which was the dry mandibles. The samples of this study were 56 dry mandibles with 23 metal markers on each ofthem. Panoramic radiograph was taken from each sample. Horizontal measurements on dry mandibles were done using digital sliding caliper, while horizontal measurements on panoramic radiograph were done using computer. The result of this study shows that there were significant differences (p<0.05) between horizontal measurements on panoramicradiographs compared with the measurements on dry mandibles, except in posterior dental arch and median line up toposterior region of mandible corpus. The results of this study indicate that panoramic radiograph taken on standardized patient’s head positioning procedure would produce geometric distortion that tends to be narrow on mandibular anterior region. The horizontal measurements of panoramic radiographs show good accuracy in posterior region, but tend to be inaccurate if done extended across the midline.
Kualitas komunikasi dan kepuasan pasien dalam pelayanan radiogra kedokteran gigi RSGM Prof. Soedomo Kartika Simatupang; Isti Rahayu Suryani; Rini Widyaningrum; Rosa Amalia
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (345.861 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.13201

Abstract

The quality of communication and patient satisfaction in dental radiography. The quality of communication is one of important components in health service. The aim of this study is determine the relationship between the quality of communication and the level of patients in dental radiography service at Prof. Soedomo Dental Hospital Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Gadjah Mada. This study was conducted on 100 selected respondents. The quality of communication questionnaire consisted of 19 questions involving 4 aspects of communication assessment (introduction, explanation, careful listening, and empathy) and patient satisfaction questionnaires with 20 questions involving 4 aspects of satisfaction assessment (open-endedness, empathy, abilities, and general satisfaction). The score results of the questionnaire were measured by a Likert scale and the category of the assessment was based on criterion- referenced interpretation. Spearman correlation test showed that a signicant relationship (p <0.05) between the quality of communication and the level of patient satisfaction with the positive direction of correlation and the strong correlation (r = 0.856). Patient assessment for the quality of radiographer communication mostly showed good category (64%) with the most inuential communications aspect found in empathy (r = 0.842) and introduction (r = 0.752). The level of satisfaction assessment by the majority of patients was satised (71%) with the most inuential satisfaction aspect found in empathy (r = 0.807) and general satisfaction (r = 0.706). The better communication used by the radiographer could lead to the higher the level of patient satisfaction in dental radiography service.ABSTRAKKualitas komunikasi merupakan salah satu komponen yang penting pada layanan kesehatan karena berhubungan dengan kepuasan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas komunikasi pada pelayanan radiogra kedokteran gigi dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Prof. Soedomo Universitas Gadjah Mada. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 100 responden terpilih. Kuesioner pada penelitian terdiri dari kuesioner kualitas komunikasi yang terdiri dari 19 butir pertanyaan yang mencakup 4 aspek penilaian komunikasi (introduce, explanation, listen carefully, dan empathy) dan kuesioner tingkat kepuasan pasien yang terdiri dari 20 butir pertanyaan yang mencakup 4 aspek penilaian kepuasan (open-endedness, empathy, abilities, dan general satisfaction). Skor hasil kuesioner penelitian diukur menggunakan skala likert dan penetapan kategori penilaian diukur menggunakan penilaian acuan patokan. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara kualitas komunikasi dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien, dengan arah korelasi positif dan kekuatan korelasi sangat kuat (r = 0,856). Penilaian pasien terhadap kualitas komunikasi radiografer sebagian besar menunjukkan kategori baik (64%). Aspek komunikasi yang paling berpengaruh adalah empathy (r = 0,842) dan introduce (r = 0,752). Sebagian besar pasien memberikan penilaian kepuasan pada tingkat puas (71%), dengan aspek penilaian kepuasan yang paling berpengaruh adalah (r = 0,807) dan general satisfaction (r = 0,706). Semakin baik komunikasi yang digunakan oleh radiografer maka akan semakin tinggi pula tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan radiogra kedokteran gigi Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Prof. Soedomo Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Hubungan fraksi area trabekula anterior mandibula dengan kepadatan tulang lumbar spine untuk deteksi dini osteoporosis Sri Lestari; Rini Widyaningrum
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2017): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (452.182 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.13207

Abstract

The relationship of anterior mandible trabecular area with bone mass density of lumbar spine for early detection of osteoporosis. Bone mineral density is an indicator of osteoporosis, including the bone mineral density of lumbar spine. The decrease of lumbar spine bone mass density will cause an alteration in another site, including the mandibular. The aim of this research is to determine the predictor of lumbar spine bone mineral density using trabecular bone image of anterior mandible on periapical radiographs. The research was conducted by extracting the area fraction at mandible trabecular bone using digital periapical radiograph from 25 subjects. Canny edge detection was used in digital image processing for each radiograph. The regions of interest were selected from the image obtained by canny edge detection, so that the area fraction could be measured. A linier regression test was applied to determine a relationship between the area fractions of mandible trabecular bone with the bone mineral density of lumbar spine. The result of linear regression test showed that the area fraction of mandible trabecular bone had a moderate negative correlation with bone mass density of lumbar spine (α = 0.046; R = -0.403). The direction of the correlation was negative (b = -0.145). The area fraction of mandible trabecular bone on periapical radiographs could be used as the predictor for bone mass density of lumbar spine.ABSTRAKKepadatan tulang merupakan indikator osteoporosis, salah satu diantaranya adalah kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine. Penurunan kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine mempengaruhi kondisi tulang lain, termasuk tulang rahang bawah (mandibula). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan prediktor densitas mineral tulang menggunakan citra radiograf periapikal tulang trabekula pada regio anterior rahang bawah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan ekstraksi fraksi area tulang trabekula mandibula yang tercitrakan pada radiograf periapikal digital dari 25 subjek. Pengolahan citra digital pada radiograf periapikal dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode deteksi tepi canny terhadap masing-masing citra radiograf. Region of Interest diseleksi dari citra hasil deteksi canny, sehingga dapat dilakukan pengukuran fraksi area. Uji regresi linier dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara nilai fraksi area trabekula mandibula dengan tingkat kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine. Hasil uji regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa nilai fraksi area trabekula mandibula berkorelasi negatif dengan kepadatan tulang dengan kekuatan sedang (α = 0,046; R = -0,403). Adapun arah korelasi antara nilai fraksi area trabekula mandibula dengan kepadatan tulang adalah negatif (b = -0,145). Fraksi area tulang trabekula pada citra radiograf periapikal dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor kepadatan tulang pada lumbar spine.
Perbandingan hasil pengukuran pada citra Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) dengan objek sesungguhnya Ratihana Nurul Indias; Rurie Ratna Shantiningsih; Rini Widyaningrum; Munakhir Mudjosemedi
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 3, No 3 (2017): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (480.281 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.15240

Abstract

The distance comparison of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) image with the real object. Dentist use radiographs to establish diagnosis, treatment plan, prognosis, as well as to evaluate patient’s treatment. Accurate anatomical dimension is a pivotal point in radiography, especially in the field of oral surgery and dental implant planning. The information about distortion in radiograph is very important to prevent any misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment plan. The purpose of this study was to compare the metal marker distance in CBCT image with the real measurement in dried mandibles. Samples in this study were 40 CBCT images of human dried mandibles, which were produced by using Volux 3D dental CT (Genoray, Korea, 60 kVp, 60 mAs, 10s). Horizontal, vertical, and oblique measurements on CBCT image were done by using Volux 3D dental CT software (GDP-1 software Triana). Themeasurement on CBCT image was compared with the real measurement by using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Image distortion was calculated by subtracting the metal marker distance obtained from CBCT images by the real distance obtained by a direct measurement on dried mandible. The distortion was expressed as a percentage. There were some significant differences (p<0.05) between metal marker distance on CBCT image with a direct measurement in dried mandibles, except oblique measurements on anterior mandibular body that was done without involving mandibular base. The maximal distortion on panoramic view of CBCT image in this study was 8%, and the distortion was different in each part of the mandible. ABSTRAKPemeriksaan radiografi diperlukan oleh dokter gigi untuk menetapkan diagnosis, rencana perawatan, prognosis, dan evaluasi hasil perawatan. Radiograf yang memiliki ketepatan dimensi anatomi diperlukan pada tindakan bedah dan pemasangan implan. Informasi mengenai distorsi hasil pengukuran pada radiograf diperlukan untuk mencegah kesalahan penetapan diagnosis dan rencana perawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan jarak metal marker pada pengukuran horizontal, vertikal, dan oblique citra Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) dengan objek sesungguhnya pada preparat mandibula kering. Sampel penelitian berupa 40 citra CBCT preparat mandibula kering yang dihasilkan oleh mesin Volux 3D dental CT (Genoray, Korea) dengan menggunakan tegangan 60 kVp, kuatarus 60 mAs, dan waktu paparan 10 detik. Pengukuran pada citra CBCT dilakukan dengan mengukur jarak terjauh antara kedua metalmarker secara horizontal, vertikal, dan oblique menggunakan software Volux 3D dental CT (GDP-1 software Triana). Hasil pengukuran pada citra CBCT dibandingkan dengan hasil pengukuran pada preparat mandibula dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan wilcoxon signed rank test. Distorsi dihitung dari perubahan hasil pengukuran pada citra CBCT dibagi dengan ukuran sesungguhnya pada objek, dan dinyatakan dalam satuan persen (%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara hasil pengukuran jarak metal marker pada citra CBCT dibandingkan dengan objek sesungguhnya pada preparat mandibula kering, kecuali hasil pengukuran oblique tanpamelibatkan basis mandibula di bagian anterior mandibula. Rerata distorsi tertinggi pada citra CBCT panoramic view sebesar 8%, dengan nilai distorsi yang berbeda pada setiap bagian mandibula.
Oral cancer imaging: the principles of interpretation on dental radiograph, CT, CBCT, MRI, and USG Rini Widyaningrum; Arif Faisal; M. Mitrayana; Munakhir Mudjosemedi; Dewi - Agustina
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2018): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2199.492 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.22050

Abstract

Oral cancer is a malignant neoplasia on the lip and oral cavity. It is generally late-detected, locally invasive, and it has a high propensity for cervical lymph node metastases as well as blood-borne distant metastases. Diagnostic imaging for oral cancer is generally performed using conventional radiography, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), Computed Tomography (CT), ultrasonography (USG), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), and bone scintigraphy. This review provides a general overview of oral cancer imaging and basic principles of interpretation for oral cancer using several imaging modalities. The selection of imaging modalities for oral cancer must be based upon clinical condition, availability of imaging modalities, and cost effectivity. Despite the limited availability of modern imaging modalities in Indonesia, understanding on the major concept of various oral cancer imaging and its interpretation are certainly required by the dentists. Imaging and its interpretation are required to assist the diagnosis and determine the most appropriate treatment plan. Thus, the survival rate can be improved.
β-Carotene patch application effects on gingival crevicular fluid volume after panoramic radiography exposure Anggun Dwi Andini; Rini Widyaningrum; Rurie Ratna Shantiningsih
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 5, No 3 (2019): December
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.42486

Abstract

Panoramic radiography is a radiography technique which is commonly used in dentistry. X-ray radiation from panoramic radiography can cause biological damage, such as the increase of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume. One of materials which was known having the ability to decrease the effect of panoramic radiography is β-carotene in mucoadhesive gingival patch form. The application of β-carotene mucoadhesive gingival patch reduce micronucleus increasing in previous study. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of β-carotene mucoadhesive gingival patch application on palatal gingiva of maxillary incisor teeth to the GCF volume of panoramic radiography exposed patients. This study involved 10 subjects (5 females and 5 males). The GCF sample was taken from the labial sulcus of 11, 12 teeth (treatment group) and 21, 22 teeth (control group) of each subject before and after panoramic radiography exposure. β-carotene mucoadhesive gingival patch was applicated on palatal gingiva before panoramic radiography examination. Sample was collected using an absorbent paper which is inserted to the labial gingival sulcus. The GCF on the absorbent papers were marked by adding ninhydrin 2%, then the GCF volume was measured using a sliding caliper. Paired t-test result shows a significant difference between GCF volume in each group before and after panoramic radiography exposure (p<0.05). Independent t-test shows no significant difference between the GCF volume difference in the control and treatment group (p>0.05). The result of this study shows that the application of β-carotene mucoadhesive gingival patch on palatal gingiva of maxillary incisor teeth shows insignificant effect in decreasing the increase of GCF volume in panoramic radiography exposed patients.