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Review Aktivitas Fotosintesis pada Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor) dalam Kondisi Cekaman Kekeringan Mukhamad Su'udi; Arsetyo Rahardianto; Miatin Alvin Septianasari; Veren Yuliana Saputri; Dwi Setyati; Fuad Bahrul Ulum
Rekayasa Vol 15, No 2: Agustus 2022
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v15i2.9799

Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is a cereal crop that has the potential to be developed in Indonesia as a food, feed and industrial crop. Sorghum is a C4 plant that has the advantage of efficiency in hot and dry environments. Drought stress is one of the most limiting environmental factors for crop productivity worldwide, and can be caused by water deficits in the soil and in the atmosphere. On the decreasing leaf water status, the rate of CO2 assimilation and the conductance of stomata decreased rapidly. The CO2 concentration mechanism is able to saturate C4 photosynthesis under the relatively low intercellular CO2 concentration. In addition, CO2 photorespiration is likely to be repaired before it exits the bundle sheat cells. The effects of non-stomatal factors include reduced activity of photosynthetic enzymes, inhibition of nitrate assimilation, induction of premature aging, and changes in leaf anatomy. Photosynthesis in C4 plants, including sorghum, involves, others, the PEPC and Rubisco enzymes. Drought can also trigger oxidative stress, which is an environmental condition that has increased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) due to an over reduction of the photosynthesis process.
Phenolic Profile and Antimicrobe of the Asplenium Nidus L. from Mount Gumitir, Jember, East Java, Indonesia Dwi Setyati; Robi’atul Adawiyah; Tri Ratnasari; Mukhamad Su'udi; Fuad Bahrul Ulum
BIOEDUKASI Vol 21 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS JEMBER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bioedu.v21i3.43368

Abstract

Mount Gumitir, Jember, East Java has a high number of wild flora for new medicinal resources. Asplenium nidus is a medicinal ferns that abundant in the area. This research aimed to measure the phenolic compound of the lamina and midrib sample of A. nidus from two different locations and the antimicrobial activity of the crude extract of fresh and dry sample. The phenolic compounds of flavonoid and phenol were detected using quercetin and Folin-Ciocalteu reagent respectively. The quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds was conducted based on absorbance detection using a spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial assay was applied with the agar diffusion method against the gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. The result indicated that all samples of A. nidus contained flavonoid and phenol with a higher concentration in the lamina. The crude extract of A. nidus from Gumitir has higher phenolic compounds compared to the sample from Garahan. The crude extract presented bactericide activity against the two pathogenic bacteria. The higher antimicrobial activity was observed from the dry leaves sample. The phenolic compound of A. nidus might become a potential resource for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria since their bactericide activities differ from traditional antibiotics.
Molecular identification of Cyclosorus parasiticus (L.) Farw. From Gumitir, Jember Indonesia Rizqoni, Moh Ikmal Alfi; Setyati, Dwi; Su'udi, Mukhamad; Ulum, Fuad Bahrul; Dwinianti, Edia Fitri
BIOEDUKASI Vol 22 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS JEMBER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bioedu.v22i2.45484

Abstract

Cyclosorus parasiticus (L.) Farw. from Mount Gumitir dominates the understory ferns vegetation along the roadside of a pine-mixed coffee plantation. Previous studies reported the metabolite profile with the flavonoid and alkaloid content. Current observations based on morphological structure of the specimens collection indicated a high variations, therefor molecular identification was required to support the phylogenetic data of the species. The aim of the study was to identify the Cyclosorus parasiticus sample originate from Gumitir using DNA barcode. We used three primers, i.e. ribulose 1,5-biphosphate carboxylase (rbcL), maturase K (matK), and Internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) for molecular identification. The result showed that Cyclosorus parasiticus from Gumitir has a highest similarity with Christella latipinna (NC070300) from China with a value of Percent Identities value of 99.11% based on the ITS2 marker. The rbcL data in this study might contribute to supporting the molecular genus concept from recent Thelypteridaceae phylogeny.
Pengaruh Cekaman Salinitas Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.) Bahrul Ulum, Fuad; M. Akbar, Salahuddin; Andiana, Jocelin; Rosyadi, Achmad; Setyati, Dwi
Journal of Natural Sciences Vol 4, No 3 (2023): Journal of Natural Sciences November
Publisher : Mahesa Research Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34007/jonas.v4i3.435

Abstract

Salinity stress enhances plants' growth and development, leading to decreased productivity. Ageratum conyzoides L., also known as Bandotan, is an invasive plant that has spread throughout almost all regions in Indonesia. Investigating the adaptation mechanisms of this plant offered insights into the stress tolerance levels to the salininty and was important for the mitigation of the consequences of its invasivenessnature. The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of salinity stress on the growth and development of A. conyzoides.  The study was carried out in a greenhouse between April and May 2022. The plants were grown under two degrees of salinity stress (i.e., 2000 ppm for moderate stress, and 75000 ppm for extreme stress). The results indicated that A. conyzoides was adaptive to moderate salinity conditions. In extreme stress conditions, A. conyzoides expressed stress by decreasing the plant height and total stomata. The plant adapted by developing flowers at a faster rate as a defense mechanism for the propagation of future generations.
Kluwek Seed (Pangium edule Reinw) Germination Response to Soaking Time and Concentration of Gibberellin Acid (GA3) Ratnasari, Tri; Ana, Daniar Alfi; Sulistiyowati, Hari; Setyati, Dwi
Jurnal ILMU DASAR Vol 22 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jid.v22i2.9437

Abstract

Kluwek seeds (Pangium edule Reinw.) have a low germination percentage caused by dormancy due to hard seed coat. Kluwek seed germination takes about 1 month. The purpose of this study was to obtain a combination of treatments that were effective in increasing the percentage of kluwek seed germination and reducing the intensity of kluwek seed dormancy. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) factorial design. The first factor was immersion time (H) consisting of five levels, namely H0: Control (0 hour), H1: 6 hours, H2: 12 hours, H3: 18 hours, and H4: 24 hours and the second factor was giberellin concentration (G) with five levels namely G0: 0 ppm, G1: 25 ppm, G2: 50 ppm, G3: 75 ppm and G4: 100 ppm. Data analysis used Analysis of Variance (Anava) and further tested with Duncans' Multiple Range test (DMRT) at a significant level of 5%. The results obtained showed that the percentage of seed germination without immersion is 6.67%. Soaking using aquades produces an average germination percentage of 28.33%. The most effective treatment was GA3 75 ppm for 24 hours with seed germination of 60%, while the value of dormant intensity is 40%.Keywords: dormancy, germination, gibberellin, kluwek.
JENIS-JENIS TUMBUHAN BERKAYU DAN PEMANFAATANNYA OLEH SUKU MADURA DI PULAU GILI KETAPANG PROBOLINGGO Adawiyah, Robiyatul; Umiyah, Umiyah; Setyati, Dwi
BERKALA SAINSTEK Vol 3 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Masyarakat Gili Ketapang memiliki Indigenous Knowledge unik, yang mereka dapatkan melalui proses adaptasi tanpameninggalkan budaya dan tradisi asli mereka yaitu Madura. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhanberkayu yang dimanfaatkan, bagian-bagian dari tumbuhan berkayu yang dimanfaatkan, dan mengetahui cara pemanfaatantumbuhan berkayu oleh masyarakat Gili Ketapang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Metode yang digunakan adalah MetodeKepustakaan (Desk Study) dan Metode Participatory Ethnobotanical Appraisal (PEA). Teknik Purporsive Samplingdigunakan untuk menentukan informan kunci, teknik Snowball Sampling digunakan untuk menentukan informan selanjutnyaatas rekomendasi informan kunci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 22 jenis tumbuhan berkayu dari 16 suku yangdimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat gili ketapang. Bagian tumbuhan yang banyak dimanfaatkan adalah buah, diikuti batang, daun,ranting dan terakhir bunga. Pemanfaatan tumbuhan berkayu ada 6 cara yaitu sebagai bahan pangan, perahu dan kapal,perangkap ikan, obat, kayu bakar, bahan bangunan, pakan ternak dan kerajinan ukir.
Antibacterial Activity of Liverworts of Dumortiera hirsute (Sw.) Nees Ethyl Acetate Extract Against Pathogenic Bacteria Luthfiah, Luthfiah; Setyati, Dwi; Arimurti, Sattya
BERKALA SAINSTEK Vol 9 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bst.v9i2.22645

Abstract

Dumortiera hirsuta is one of the liverworts that can be used as a medicinal to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria. The content of secondary metabolites of D. hirsuta has potential as antibacterial properties includes flavonoids, alkaloids and steroids. This research is to analyze the antibacterial activity of moss D. hirsuta against pathogenic bacteria that will be beneficial to humans. Liverworts of D. hirsuta were extracted using ethyl acetate solvent and tested against three types of pathogenic bacteria using the agar well-diffusion method. The results of this study indicated that the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta at 100% concentration could inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi bacteria. The range of antibacterial activity categories of the ethyl acetate extract of D. hirsuta to E. coli, S. aureus, and S. typhi between weak to moderate.
STRUKTUR ANATOMI DAUN LENGKENG (DIMOCARPUS LONGAN LOUR.) KULTIVAR LOKAL, ITOH, PINGPONG DAN DIAMOND RIVER Aini, Nurul; Setyati, Dwi; Umiyah, Umiyah
BERKALA SAINSTEK Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Jember

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Abstract

Lengkeng (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) merupakan salah satu tanaman asli dari Asia Tenggara yang termasuk dalam famili Sapindaceae. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui struktur anatomi daun lengkeng dan perbedaan antar ke empat kultivar tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua metode yaitu metode parafin (Suntoro, 1983) untuk preparat anatomi di Fakultas Biologi, UGM dan metode Johansen (1940) dilakukan untuk pembuatan preparat paradermal stomata di jurusan Biologi, FMIPA, Universitas Jember. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa struktur anatomi daun lengkeng terdapat perbedaan dalam hal ketebalannya. Nilai ketebalan daun tertinggi pada kultivar Pingpong dengan mesofil paling tebal diantara ketiga kultivar tersebut yaitu 174,04 μm, dan jaringan palisade yaitu 71,69 μm, epidermis atas yaitu 12,52 μm, kutikula yaitu 5,53 μm, serta mempunyai lengan trikoma paling panjang dengan nilai rata-rata 17,82 μm, Kultivar pingpong juga mempunyai nilai densitas stomata tertinggi di antara ketiga kultivar lainnya yaitu 20,38 mm2, tetapi mempunyai panjang stomata terendah yaitu 21,42 μm. Kata Kunci: Anatomi lengkeng, Dimocarpus longan,, densitas stomata.
Komposisi Jenis Alga Makrobentik Divisi Phaeophyta di Zona Intertidal Pantai Pancur Taman Nasional Alas Purwo Kumalasari, Deris Erlita; Sulistiyowati, Hari; Setyati, Dwi
BERKALA SAINSTEK Vol 6 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bst.v6i1.7558

Abstract

Phaeophyta merupakan salah satu kelompok makroalga yang tersebar melimpah di zona intertidal. Alga makrobentik ini memiliki struktur talus yang terdiri atas bagian holdfast, stipe, dan blade. Kelompok tersebut memiliki kandungan warna yang disebut pigmen fukosantin. Metode yang digunakan adalah road sampling dengan melakukan penyusuran seluruh area sampling menggunakan GPS (Global Positioning System). Jenis-jenis alga yang ditemukan diidentifikasi dan dideskripsikan secara morfologi. Analisis komposisi jenis dilakukan secara deskripsi kualitatif . Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu terdapat empat jenis Phaeophyta yang terdiri atas Sargassum sp., Padina australis, Spatoglossum sp., dan Turbinaria ornata. Jenis-jenis yang ditemukan umumnya memiliki karakteristik morfologi holdfastnya bentuk cakram dan lempeng, stipe pendek, serta blade berupa lembaran dan silindris.Kata Kunci: Pantai Pancur, Phaeophyta, Struktur Morfologi, Zona intertidal
Tree Ferns of C. contaminans and C. orientalis from Biosite Erek-erek Geoforest of Ijen Geopark, Banyuwangi Ulum, Fuad Bahrul; Setyati, Dwi
BERKALA SAINSTEK Vol 10 No 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bst.v10i3.31738

Abstract

The tree ferns abundant in the ecotourism area of the geoforest erek-erek biosite is represented as ancient plants. However, species list and their composition as diversity richness data is still lacking the in the conservation area. The aims of of this study was to determine the tree ferns and provide the description of the species. Observations on the morphological characters of plants were carried out directly in the field of tree ferns habitat at the Ijen geopark, Banyuwangi, while other morphological and anatomical determinations were conducted in laboratory. The tree ferns identified in the erek-erek forest were two species i.e., Cyathea contaminans and Cyathea orientalis. The main distinguishing characteristics of these species are: stem height, stem surface, attachment of the remaining petiole, scale color, crozier size, indusium and spore shape. This article also provides descriptions of the species and the information regarding conspicuous characters that can be used for species determination in the field. We also propose further conservation efforts to preserve the tree ferns in their habitat.