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Protection of Children's Rights: A Review of Child Marriage Policies in Indonesia, Malaysia, and India Kusmayanti, Hazar; Judiasih, Sonny Dewi; Yuanitasari, Deviana; Rajamanicham, Ramalinggam
SASI Volume 30 Issue 2, June 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v30i2.2044

Abstract

Introduction: Child marriage is a phenomenon that continues and develops, the low knowledge and understanding of the community towards the perception of marriage. Child marriage should not be allowed anywhere in the world as it is a practice that violates general human rights and discriminates against women. Purposes of the Research:  In this research, the author will compare the prevention of child marriage in Indonesia, Malaysia, and India.Methods of Research: This research uses a normative juridical approach method. Researchers will study and examine the factors that cause child marriage and its legal protection to prevent child protection in Indonesia, Malaysia, and India. This research uses descriptive analytical research specifications by determining the laws and regulations relating to legal theories that are the object of research.Results of the Research: Indonesia increased the minimum marriage age for both sexes from 18 to 19 with the enactment of Law No. 16 of 2019. Malaysia, meanwhile, sets a maximum marriage age of eighteen. Initiatives to reduce the legal age of marriage, especially for women, have been made in both nations for socio-political and socio-cultural reasons. Alongside these initiatives, India has also ratified several conventions designed to end child marriage. These include the 1976 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the 1976 International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), as well as the 1956 Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery.
Surogasi sebagai Alternatif untuk Melanjutkan Keturunan Dihubungkan dengan Undang-Undang Terkait Arinka Pinabiila Husna; Sonny Dewi Judiasih; Deviana Yuanitasari
Jurnal Hukum dan HAM Wara Sains Vol 4 No 01 (2025): Jurnal Hukum dan HAM Wara Sains
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/jhhws.v4i01.1761

Abstract

Infertilitas merupakan ketidakmampuan memiliki keturunan secara biologis yang dihadapi oleh sebagian pasangan. Mengatasi infertilitas dapat dilakukan dengan metode seperti inseminasi buatan, bayi tabung, dan surogasi. Surogasi telah diakui di beberapa negara, namun di Indonesia praktik ini dilakukan secara tertutup dan secara diam-diam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keabsahan surogasi sebagai alternatif melanjutkan keturunan dari perspektif hukum dan agama di Indonesia serta menganalisis akibat hukumnya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan studi pustaka terkait peraturan dan teori, serta wawancara dengan narasumber untuk mendapatkan data primer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa surogasi di Indonesia tidak sah karena bertentangan dengan UU Kesehatan dan PP Kesehatan Reproduksi yang melarang keterlibatan pihak ketiga dalam reproduksi berbantu. Perjanjian surogasi dapat dibatalkan secara hukum karena tidak memenuhi syarat perjanjian yang sah. Agama Islam, Kristen, Katolik, dan Hindu menolak surogasi, sementara Buddha dan Khonghucu dapat diperbolehkan asalkan niatnya baik dan tidak merugikan pihak lain. Risiko hukum utama dalam surogasi adalah ketidakpastian status dan identitas anak yang dapat memicu sengketa hukum, di mana status anak dianggap sebagai anak dari ibu pengganti, bukan orang tua pemilik benih.
KESETARAAN KEDUDUKAN LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN DALAM HAL PEWARISAN ADAT BALI DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN HUKUM WARIS PATRILINEAL BALI Julianto, Aldi; Judiasih, Sonny Dewi; Nugroho, Bambang Daru
JUSTITIA : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora Vol 8, No 1 (2025): JUSTITIA Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/justitia.v8i1.219-228

Abstract

Sistem pewarisan adat Bali, yang mengesampingkan keberadaan anak perempuan. Anak perempuan tidak dibenarkan ikut campur terhadap harta warisan orang tuanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan. Menggunakan metode penelitian Yuridis Normatif, spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah Deskriptif Analitis dengan metode analisis normatif kualitatif. Kesetaraan kedudukan laki-laki dan perempuan dalam hal pewarisan adat Bali dihubungkan dengan hukum waris patrilineal Bali bahwa ada kemungkinan peningkatan status anak perempuan menjadi ahli waris melalui prosedur adat tertentu Peralihan harta warisan juga bisa dilakukan melalui hibah, namun harus memperhatikan hak ahli waris lainnya dan tidak melebihi sepertiga dari total Kalayaan. Upaya berkelanjutan diperlukan untuk menyelaraskan praktik adat. Perlindungan waris terhadap perempuan dalam hal terjadi gugatan dari pihak saudara misan kepurusa dalam hukum waris adat Bali yang menganut sistem kekerabatan patrilineal, pada dasarnya Keputusan Pesamuhan Agung III Majelis Utama Desa Pakraman Bali No. 01/Kep/Psm-3/MUDP Bali/X/2010 memberikan hak waris terbatas kepada perempuan, yakni setengah dari hak waris laki-laki setelah dikurangi 1/3 untuk harta pusaka dan kepentingan pelestarian. Serta mempertimbangkan prinsip-prinsip adat yang meliputi asas kesatuan, ketergantungan, kebersamaan, dan keberlanjutan dalam menentukan hak waris adalah berupa tanggung jawab secara administratif maupun perdata.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INDONESIAN AND PHILIPPINE JUDICIAL SYSTEMS: IDENTIFYING THE ROLE OF CUSTOMARY COURTS Kusmayanti, Hazar; Dewi Judiasih, Sonny; Kania, Dede; Sulastri, Dewi
Cepalo Vol 9 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/cepalo.v9no1.3677

Abstract

Customary dispute resolution institutions in Indonesia and the Philippines serve to provide indigenous peoples with access to justice beyond state courts. This research, employing a normative juridical approach with a descriptive-analytical specification, highlights key differences between the two systems. In Indonesia, customary courts derive recognition from the 1945 Constitution, while in the Philippines, they are explicitly regulated under the Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act (IPRA) of 1997, leading to greater integration with the national legal system. Indonesian customary courts handle a broader range of disputes, whereas Philippine customary courts primarily focus on land rights and natural resource management. Additionally, Indonesian customary court decisions often face dualism in the application of customary and national law when reviewed by state courts, while Philippine customary court decisions are more systematically recognized and enforced within the formal legal framework.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Adat Melalui Kerta Desa Pada Masyarakat Desa Adat Di Bali Berdasarkan Asas Perdamaian ., Karwiyah; Sonny Dewi Judiasih; Hazar Kusmayanti
Jurnal Ilmiah Penegakan Hukum Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL ILMIAH PENEGAKAN HUKUM JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/jiph.v12i1.14292

Abstract

This study aims to examine the role of customary villages in Bali in resolving customary disputes through kerta dea based on the principle of peace. The problem is focused on exploring the implementation based on the practice of village clerks in resolving disputes or customary violations that cause imbalances, so as to bring the reality that there are other dispute resolution systems in addition to formal courts. In order to approach this problem, it is necessary to study using the customary delicacies approach and dispute resolution. The data were collected through a normative juridical approach method, the research specification is descriptive analytical by describing the settlement of customary disputes through kerta desa in Balinese traditional villages based on the principle of peace associated with related regulations, legal theories, and customs. This study concludes that villages in Bali are differentiated from traditional villages and official villages. Village authorities, including customary villages, can carry out the function of dispute resolution as affirmed in the provisions of Article 103 letters (d), (e), and (f) of the Village Law. Kerta desa as the implementation of customary village authority can help as a prajuru partner institution or customary village management carry out the function of resolving customary disputes. Dispute resolution through village clerks is carried out with provisions and stages regulated in the type of pararem of Tata Titi Panepas Wicara and prioritizes peace in accordance with the principle of druwenang sareng-sareng, in Article 37 paragraph (2) of the Customary Village Regulation in Bali.
The Inconsistencies in Efforts to Realize Gender Equality Towards the Roles of Husband and Wife to Fulfill Economic Needs in Relation to Positive Law in Indonesia Nur Hasanah Ariyanti; Sonny Dewi Judiasih; Nyulistiowati Suryanti
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v5i1.858

Abstract

: Gender equality is one of the human rights issues that until now still cannot be realized properly, including in marriage. Gender injustice in marriage scope arises due to the existence of differences in roles, rights, and obligations between husband and wife. These differences have a significant impact on the role and freedom of wives in the public sector, particularly in their efforts to fulfill the economic needs of their families. Gender injustice still occurs because there are inconsistencies in efforts to realize gender equality. Therefore, it became the author's concern because it hinders the realization of gender equality. This research used the method of normative juridical research by presenting supporting data in the form of interviews with several wives who have dual roles as housewives and breadwinners in the industrial located in Solokan Jeruk, Bandung Regency and shoe craft centers located in Cibaduyut, Bandung City. The results show that there are inconsistencies in efforts to realize gender equality in the scope of marriage related to fulfilling family economic needs, that is, inconsistencies in efforts to realize gender equality in marriage law in Indonesia, between marriage law and other positive laws, and positive laws and  implementation in real life.
Empowering Women Entrepreneurs in MSMEs: The Role of Legal Advocacy in Overcoming Gender Barriers Suryanti, Nyulistiowati; Yuanitasari, Deviana; Judiasih, Sonny Dewi; Assalihee, Muhammadafefee
Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): The Global Challenges on Advocacy and Law Enforcement
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijals.v7i1.8663

Abstract

The Indonesian government has recognized the importance of entrepreneurship in supporting the country's economy. Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have become the backbone of national economic growth, with women playing a vital role in this sector. Despite their contribution, women entrepreneurs face various challenges that hinder their business development, such as limited access to capital, gender-based discrimination, legal and administrative barriers, and a lack of institutional support. These obstacles are rooted in social norms and an insufficiently responsive legal framework. This article explores how legal advocacy and institutional support can empower women MSME entrepreneurs. It argues for a more inclusive legal policy environment, examines the role of legal services such as legal aid and consultation, and discusses successful case studies of advocacy organizations helping women overcome systemic barriers. Furthermore, this paper provides practical recommendations for improving legal access and advocates for stronger collaboration between governments, legal institutions, and global advocacy networks. Through a gender-sensitive legal approach, optimizing women’s roles in MSMEs can contribute to inclusive economic growth and strengthened gender equality.
Judges' Considerations in the Determination of Marriage Dispensation in Court as a Form of Protection of Children's Rights Dina Triana Febriana; Sonny Dewi Judiasih; Djanuardi
KRTHA BHAYANGKARA Vol. 19 No. 2 (2025): KRTHA BHAYANGKARA: AUGUST 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/krtha.v19i2.3778

Abstract

Marriage is the right of every human being to build a family. To provide protection to each party, the state through the government stipulates the Marriage Law as a regulation to create order. So that people who want to get married are required to fulfill the requirements and provisions in the Marriage Law, so that marriage can be said to be legal in religion and the state. The research method used is the juridical-normative method with descriptive-analytical research specifications, with the data collection technique used, namely library document studies. The results of the study include that the judge in determining whether to grant or refuse to grant marriage dispensation to children who will enter into marriage underage is based on consideration of all aspects, both positive and negative impacts of the determination of marriage dispensation. Therefore, the judge carefully considers the best interests of the child and the aspect of danger or disadvantage to the child if the underage marriage is allowed to take place, and also the danger or disadvantage that will arise if the application for dispensation to marry the child is rejected.
The Developing of Minangkabau Customary Inheritance Judiasih, Sonny Dewi; Kusmayanti, Hazar; Rajamanicham, Ramalinggam; Artiana, Maureen Maysa
Media Iuris Vol. 8 No. 3 (2025): MEDIA IURIS
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mi.v8i3.76766

Abstract

The matrilineal kinship system draws a female line. The problem of inheritance law becomes more complex if it occurs within the Minangkabau Indigenous Community. This is motivated by the fact that the Minangkabau Indigenous People are devout followers of Islam; they also have strong customary laws with matrilineal lineage and collective inheritance systems. The author uses a juridical-normative research method, while the research specification is descriptive and analytical. The data obtained was analyzed using qualitative juridical methods. In several inheritance disputes, judges of the Religious Courts in West Sumatra have applied the principle of “Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah.” In implementing the inheritance system, Minangkabau customary law aligns with Islamic law without eliminating the values of the adat. The existing customary law must be subordinate to Sharia, that is, Islamic law derived from the Qur’an and Sunnah as the Kitabullah. Every customary rule must not deviate from Islamic Sharia, including inheritance law. In addition to following customary provisions, inheritance must also be in accordance with Islamic inheritance law, in this case, Faraidh.
The Validity Of Divorce Judgments By The Court For Catholic Couples According To Canon Law Regita, Emia; Judiasih, Sonny Dewi; Nugroho, Bambang Daru
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 4 No. 8 (2024): Journal Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v4i8.1308

Abstract

This research discusses the validity of divorce judgments issued by civil courts against Catholic couples from the perspective of Canon Law. Canon Law itself, as the internal legal system of the Catholic Church, does not recognize divorce as a means to end a valid marriage. Marriage is considered sacred and indissoluble. Although civil courts have jurisdiction to issue divorce judgments according to state law, this research examines how such judgments are viewed from the perspective of Canon Law and their impact on the religious status of divorced couples. Through analysis, this research finds that divorce judgments by civil courts do not alter the marital status in the context of the Catholic Church, which still considers the marriage valid and binding. This finding highlights the legal dualism between state law and Canon Law and its practical implications for Catholic individuals facing divorce. This research recommends the need for a deeper understanding and sensitive handling of divorce cases involving Catholic couples to avoid legal and religious conflicts.