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All Journal BALI MEDICAL JOURNAL (BMJ) Medicina Buletin Udayana Mengabdi E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Universa Medicina Paediatrica Indonesiana ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal Journal of Global Pharma Technology Physical Therapy Journal of Indonesia
I Made Sudarmaja
Bagian Parasitologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences

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Clinical characteristic of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever among patients at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali Shabrina Inderjit; I Made Sudarmaja; I Kadek Swastika
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 12 No. 3 (2021): (Available online: 1 December 2021)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (367.249 KB) | DOI: 10.15562/ism.v12i3.550

Abstract

Background: Mosquito-borne diseases are one of the most significant public health risks globally, and dengue fever seems to be one of the most important arboviral diseases in humans. In humans, dengue viruses are the supreme agents that cause dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS). Following that, the virus's presence, sufficient numbers of susceptible populations, and mosquito vectors are required to transmit dengue infection. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever among patients at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, BaliMethod: The study is a descriptive retrospective study design. The data was collected from the medical records of patients diagnosed with dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, from June 2015- June 2016. We took 50 patients according to sample size calculation by randomized sampling technic. Data were analyzed descriptively.Result: The study found the age range from 5 to 53 years old. The mean age for DF and DHF were 11 and 31, respectively. Secondly, the proportion of gender in this research was male by 21 (42%) and 29 (58%) female. Further to this, Denpasar showed the maximum number of cases between all the nine regencies. Both DF and DHF cases recorded the highest total cases in April 2016.Conclusion: Expected clinical characteristics prior knowledge and prognosticators of DF and DHF development will be able to provide data to detect persons who are higher risk category and provide adequate time to clinicians to lessen dengue related morbidity and mortality
Prevalence of Pediculosis Capitis and its Risk Factors in Elementary School Students I Made Sudarmaja
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 01
Publisher : Journal of Global Pharma Technology

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Abstract

Background: Pediculosis capitis or head-lice infestation is a health problem, especially in children in developing countries. Transmission of pediculosis capitis is also fast, causing a high-incidence in an area. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of pediculosis capitis and the relationship between risk factors for its infestation. Methods: This is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The data was collected from elementary school students in Tenganan village, Bali, Indonesia in September 2018. The sampling technique was a voluntary sampling method with a sample of 141 elementary school students. Data analysis was carried out with the SPSS with univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: The prevalence of pediculosis capitis in elementary school children in Tenganan Village is 69.5%. Factors related to pediculosis capitis infestation are sex (PR=2.235, p <0.001), long-hair (PR=2.015, p <0,001), shared hair-accessories (PR=1.450, p=0.004), and lived with people infected with head lice (PR=1.692, p <0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of pediculosis capitis in elementary school children in Tenganan Village is 69.5% with gender as the most influential risk factor for infestation.Keywords:  Pediculosis capitis, Prevalence, Risk factors.
HUBUNGAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DENGAN RIWAYAT KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI LINGKUNGAN CANDI BARU GIANYAR Divya Nirmala, Putu Ayu; Swastika, I Kadek; Sudarmaja, I Made; Ariwati, Ni Luh
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 11 No 1 (2022): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2022.V11.i01.P09

Abstract

Demam berdarah dengue merupakan salah satu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus dengue. Bali merupakan salah satu daerah endemis dengue, dimana Gianyar merupakan kabupaten dengan tingkat kasus yang tinggi. Faktor-faktor yang dapat memicu demam berdarah dengue adalah faktor lingkungan dan perilaku masyarakat. Sehingga penelitian mengenai faktor lingkungan dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap kejadian demam berdarah dengue perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan metode pendekatan cross-sectional dengan mengambil data primer pada Juli – Agustus 2019 dari kepala keluarga yang berdomisili di Lingkungan Candi Baru Gianyar. Teknik pengumpulan sampel adalah minimum sampling dengan hasil 94 kepala keluarga atau yang mewakili sebagai responden. Analisis data dilakukan secara bertahap dengan analisis univariat dan bivariat. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan hubungan tidak bermakna antara faktor lingkungan yaitu kepadatan rumah (p value = 0,296, OR = 4,941, CI = 0,494 – 49, 429) serta kondisi tempat penampungan air (p value = 1,000, OR = 0,918, CI = 0,206 – 4,093) dan perilaku masyarakat yaitu pengetahuan responden (p value = 0,508, OR = 1,625, CI = 0,436 – 6,056), sikap responden (p value = 0,289, OR = 1,624, CI = 0,701 – 3,761) serta dan tindakan responden (p value = 0,353, OR = 0,471, CI = 0,119 – 1,868) dengan riwayat kejadian demam berdarah dengue. Kata kunci : demam berdarah dengue, faktor lingkungan, perilaku masyarakat
Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Sikap Santri Terhadap Skabies di Pondok Pesantren Syafa'ah Darussalam Bali kumara, i made bagus bayu; Swastika, I Kadek; Sudarmaja, I Made; Diarthini, Ni Luh Putu Eka
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 12 No 9 (2023): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2023.V12.i09.P10

Abstract

Latar belakang: Skabies atau yang lebih dikenal kudis adalah infestasi dari Sarcoptes scabiei varian hominis yang menyebabkan penyakit kulit. Pada tahun 2008 berdasarkan data Depkes RI, tercatat angka kejadian skabies yaitu sebesar 5,6% sampai 12,95% dengan insiden tertinggi terjadi di Pondok pesantren.Rancangan penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode Cross Sectional Study. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode total sampling kepada semua santri yang ada di Pesantren. Responden yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah santri di Pesantren Syafa’ah Darussalam Bali dimana jumlah responden yaitu 63 orang. kelompok usia santri yang paling banyak yaitu usai 13 tahun berjumlah 27 orang (42,8%), dan usia yang paling sedikit yaitu usia 15 tahun berjumlah 15 orang (23,8%). Tingkat pengetahuan santri terhadap skabies dengan kategori baik berjumlah 14 orang (22,2%), 35 orang (55,6%) dengan kategori cukup, 14 orang (22,2%) dengan kategori kurang. Sikap santri dalam upaya pencegahan skabies dengan kategori baik berjumlah 45 orang (71,4%), kategori cukup berjumlah 18 orang (28,6) dan kategori kurang berjumlah 0 orang (0%). Kata kunci: skabies, tingkat pengetahuan, sikap
GAMBARAN KELELAHAN MATA (ASTHENOPIA) PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI SARJANA KEDOKTERAN FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA ANGKATAN 2018 SETELAH BERLAKUNYA KULIAH ONLINE REFAYANTI, NI MADE ERNITA; Laksmi Utari, Ni Made; Ayu Surasmiati, Ni Made; Eka Sutyawan, I Wayan; Sudarmaja, I Made
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 11 No 5 (2022): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2022.V11.i05.P08

Abstract

Asthenopia tergolong kejadian yang sering terjadi yang dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan mata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka prevalensi dan gambaran kelelahan mata (asthenopia) pada mahasiswa Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana angkatan 2018 setelah berlakunya kuliah online. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian berjenis deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan cross-sectional, sebanyak 220 sampel. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuisioner melalui google form. Dari 220 sampel didapatkan prevalensi kejadian asthenopia 98.18% dengan kejadian terbanyak adalah asthenopia ringan. Didapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada distribusi asthenopia berdasarkan jenis kelamin, penggunaan laptop atau komputer (p<0,05) dan tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna pada distribusi asthenopia berdasarkan penggunaan handphone (p?0,05). Penggunaan laptop atau komputer yang lebih dari 8 jam paling banyak ditemukan pada kejadian asthenopia sedang dan berat.
THE EFFECT OF PANDAN WANGI ROOTS ETHANOL EXTRACT (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) ON THE DEGREE OF PLASMODIUM BERGHEI PARASITEMIA IN VIVO Saraswati Devi, Ni Made Kumbha Mella; Laksemi, Dewa Ayu Agus Sri; Diarthini, Ni Luh Putu Eka; Sudarmaja, I Made
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 13 No 2 (2024): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2024.V13.i02.P13

Abstract

Malaria is an disease caused by Plasmodium genus and transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes via bites. The occurrence of antimalarial drug resistance in various places, such as Chloroquine and Artemisinin Combination Therapy, be a challenge for researchers to find new herbal and effective alternative antimalarial drugs. Pandan Wangi roots (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) contain compounds with antimalarial properties. This study aims to determine the effect of Pandan Wangi roots ethanol extract at doses of 1, 100, and 1,000 mg/kgBW (Body Weight on the degree of Plasmodium berghei parasitemia in vivo. This study employs an experimental in vivo method using the Post-Test Only Controlled Group Design. Sample of 24 mice were divided into one negative control group and three treatment groups. The data analysis technique employed is One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc Test. In this study, the mean degree of parasitemia in negative control group was 32.60%, treatment group with dose of 1 mg/kgBW was 22.27%, treatment group with dose of 100 mg/kgBW was 18.49%, and treatment group with dose of 1,000 mg/kgBW was 14.88%. The One Way ANOVA analysis resulted in p-value of 0.001, which is < 0.05, indicating a significant difference in the average degree of parasitemia among the three treatment groups. Thus, the effect of Pandan Wangi roots ethanol extract has antimalarial activity. Administration dose of 1,000 mg/kgBW proved to be the most effective in suppressing the growth of Plasmodium berghei parasitemia. Keywords : Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb., Antimalarial, Plasmodium berghei, Degree of Parasitemia
UJI HAYATI LARVA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti TERHADAP LARVASIDA TEMEPHOS 1% (ABATE 1 SG) DENGAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI DI KELURAHAN SESETAN DENPASAR SELATAN Amelia, Irene; Sudarmaja, I Made; Ariwati, Ni Luh
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 12 No 4 (2023): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2023.V12.i04.P08

Abstract

Temephos 1% (Abate 1 SG) larvicide has long been used to control Aedes aegypti mosquito as dengue vectors. The use of larvicide for a long time and in excessive amounts can cause resistance. The aims of this research are to determine the effectiveness of various concentrations of temephos 1% (Abate 1 SG) and to determine the resistance status of Aedes aegypti larvae in Sesetan Village South Denpasar. This study was experimental post test only with control group design. Aedes aegypti larvae instar III / IV rearing results from larvae obtained in Sesetan Village South Denpasar were tested with temephos concentrations of 0.003 mg/l; 0.006 mg/l; 0.012 mg/l; 0.024 mg/l; and 0.05 mg/l. The number of deaths was counted after 24 hours and was repeated 5 times. Data analysis was performed using the Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney tests and obtained p value < 0.05 for Kruskal Wallis, which means that there is a difference in mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. According to WHO’s diagnosis dose (0.012 mg/l), Aedes aegypti larvae in Sesetan Village South Denpasar is still sensitive to temephos with 100% mortality. Lethal Concentration (LC) 50 and 99 is 0.003 mg/l and 0.011 mg/l. It can be concluded that Aedes aegypti larvae in Sesetan Village South Denpasar are not resistant to temephos 1% (Abate 1 SG) larvicide, so that the larvicide is still effective for use.
THE EFFECT OF JOHAR PLANT FLOWER EXTRACT “CASSIA SIAMEA” ON THE DEGREE OF PLASMODIUM BERGHEI PARASITEMIA IN VIVO Pandango, Ivana Griselarosa Koni; Laksemi, Dewa Ayu Agus Sri; Sudarmaja, I Made; Diarthini, Ni Luh Putu Eka
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 13 No 3 (2024): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2024.V13.i03.P09

Abstract

Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite of the genus Plasmodium sp. that spreads through the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria is still a global problem because almost half of the world’s population is at risk of malaria which is endemic to 86 tropical and subtropical countries. In addition, resistance to antimalarial drugs that occur in some places makes many researchers try to find antimalarial drugs made from natural ingredients so that they can reduce the risk of resistance with minimal effects. One natural ingredient that is thought to be used as an antimalarial drug is the johar flower (Cassia siamea). The objective of this study is to determine the effect of johar flower extract (Cassia siamea) at doses of 10 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, and 1000 mg/kgBW on the degree of parasitemia in male mice Balb/c strain infected with Plasmodium berghei. This study is an experimental study in vivo using the design of the Randomized Post-test Only Controlled Group method using 24 samples of mice which were divided into four groups, one negative control group and three treatment groups. The average degree of parasitemia was obtained in the control group of 24.9%, the 10 mg/kgBW dose treatment group of 13.4%, the 100 mg/kgBW dose treatment group of 10.3% and the 1000 mg/kgBW dose treatment group of 12.2%. Based on the results of the analysis with One-way ANOVA, an average difference was found between the control and treatment groups with a p-value <0.001. The result showed that giving johar flower extract (Cassia siamea) had an influence on antimalarial activity in reducing the percentage of parasitemia of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei by looking at the average difference between the control group and the treatment and obtained the average results of the treatment group of 100 mg/kgBW and 1000 mg/kgBW had the highest influence in reducing the degree of parasitemia. Keywords: Cassia siamea, Antimalaria, Plasmodium berghei, Degree of Parasitemia
POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata) SEBAGAI LARVASIDA TERHADAP LARVA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti Pratisthita Sukadana, I Made Ananda Prajna; Sudarmaja, I Made; Swastika, I Kadek; Damayanti, Putu Ayu Asri
E-Jurnal Medika Udayana Vol 13 No 4 (2024): E-Jurnal Medika Udayana
Publisher : Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/MU.2024.V13.i04.P12

Abstract

ABSTRAK Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan suatu penyakit endemik yang tidak asing bagi masyarakat Indonesia bahkan menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia. DBD disebabkan oleh virus RNA rantai tunggal, yaitu dengue virus1 yang penyebarannya mengalami pola perubahan dari siklik menjadi tidak teratur sehingga berdampak pada peningkatan kasus DBD itu sendiri2. Pemerintah berupaya mencegah penyebaran kasus DBD dengan memutus rantai perkembangbiakan nyamuk aedes aegypti dengan menggunakan insektisida sintetik atau kimia. Namun, pencegahan menggunakan metode ini memberikan dampak buruk bagi lingkungan maupun kesehatan manusia. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengkaji potensi ekstrak daun sambiloto sebagai larvasida nabati terhadap larva nyamuk aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental sesungguhnya dengan rancangan randomized posttest only control group design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh larva aedes aegyptiyang dikembangbiakan di Laboratorium Parasitologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana dengan besar sampel sebanyak 600 sampel larva yang terbagi menjadi 400 sampel kelompok uji (P1, P2, P3, dan P4) serta 200 sampel kelompok kontrol (P0 dan P5). Hasil analisis ANOVA dan chi square menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) aktif sebagai larvasida pada konsentrasi efektif 1,390% dengan waktu kontak 24 jam. Daun Sambiloto aktif sebagai larvasida karena mengandung senyawa golongan fenolat, alkaloid, flavonoid, dan terpenoid. Kata kunci: Demam Berdarah Dengue, Ekstrak Sambiloto, Konsentrasi aktif
The Incidence and Characteristics of Misdiagnosed Covid-19 Patients with Dengue Fever Infections at Udayana University Hospital in 2020-2021 Adiputra, I Komang Hotra; Swastika, I Kadek; Diarthini, Ni Luh Putu Eka; Sudarmaja, I Made; Purnamasidhi, Cokorda Agung Wahyu
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 11 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v11i2.42119

Abstract

The rise in dengue fever in recent decades combined with the emergence of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, has created new challenges in the healthcare sector. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional research design and using medical record data at Udayana University Hospital in 2020–2021. According to the study, 1.22% cases of misdiagnosis out of a total of 2365 suspected cases of COVID-19 were found at Udayana University. The majority of cases of misdiagnosis involved people older than 60 years, namely 7 people (24.1%) and were dominated by men, namely 17 people (58.6%). The most common symptoms found are fever, cough, shortness of breath, headache, and malaise, According to laboratory results, dominant patients have thrombocytopenia, followed by high alanine transaminase (ALT), high aspartate transaminase (AST), and leukopenia. The appearance of thrombocytopenia in cases of COVID-19 with dengue fever is the result of suppressed platelet synthesis due to virus induction which causes bone marrow suppression and platelet clearance. Leukopenia and leukocytosis may coexist with lymphopenia as an indicator of disease severity. The similarity of symptoms and laboratory results between COVID-19 and dengue fever allows for misdiagnosis that will affect the patient's management. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the misdiagnosis rate of COVID-19 with dengue fever at Udayana University Hospital in 2020–2021, so that it can reduce misdiagnosis of the disease.
Co-Authors A.A Indah Suadnyani A.A Indah Suadnyani Abdulhadi FA Adiputra, I Komang Hotra Agilan Sethupathy Amaral, Meriana Barreto Amelia, Irene Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi Ariwati, Ni Luh Ayu Surasmiati, Ni Made Bagus Komang Satriyasa Cokorda Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi Daondy Friarsa Soeharto Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksemi Dewa Ayu Agus Sri Laksmi Divya Nirmala, Putu Ayu Edwin Adrianta Surijah Eka Sutyawan, I Wayan I Gusti Agung Ayu Chintya Cahyarini I Gusti Agung Dwi Putri Anjani I Gusti Ayu Prapti Adnyani I Gusti Ayu Prapti Adnyani I Gusti Kamasan Arijana I Kadek Swastika I Ketut Tunas I Made Bakta I Made Jawi I NYOMAN MANTIK ASTAWA I Putu Dema Prasetya I Putu Dodik Supartha I Wayan Ardyan Sudharta Putra I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Sugiritama Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryantini Ida Ayu Ide Larassanthi Pratiwi Ida Ayu Sintya Pratiwi Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba Ivy Cerelia Valerie Kadek Adit Wiryadana Kadek Yuda Dira Pratama Ketut Suryana Ketut Teddy Bayu Pradinata kumara, i made bagus bayu L. Ariwati Luh Ariwati Luh Putu Ratna Sundari Lusi Martha Indrayani Made Lady Adelaida Made Martha Pradnyana Made Sushmita Dharmasuari Maretta Rosabella Purnamasari Maretta Rosabella Purnamasari Maria Krishnandita N.L Ariwati N.L.P.E. Diarthini Ni Luh Ariwati Ni Luh Ariwati Ni Luh Jayanti Wulan Sari Ni Luh Komang Sumi Arcani Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini Ni Luh Putu Eka Diarthini, Ni Luh Putu Eka Ni Luh Rustini Ni Made Laksmi Utari Ni Made Linawati Ni Made Suasti Wulanyani Ni Nyoman Agustianingsih Ni Putu Akopita Devi Ni Putu Tamara Bidari Suweta Nurulhuda Binti Embong P.A.A. Damayanti Pandango, Ivana Griselarosa Koni Pratisthita Sukadana, I Made Ananda Prajna Putu Ari Paramitha Widiani Putu Ayu Asri Damayanti Putu Ayu Larasati Putu Bagus Onicha Baskaranatha Putu Diah Saraswati Rahayu Putu Indah Budi Apsari REFAYANTI, NI MADE ERNITA Saraswati Devi, Ni Made Kumbha Mella Shabrina Inderjit Sri Laksemi, Dewa Ayu Agus SugengO Juwono Mardihusodo Widiyanti, I Gusti Ayu Wulansari Manuaba, Ida Ayu Ratih Wulanyani Wulanyani