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All Journal ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences BULETIN OSEANOGRAFI MARINA Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (Maquares) Journal of Marine Research Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada
Sri Sedjati
Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Perikanan Dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro Marine Science Techno Park, Universitas Diponegoro
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

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Korelasi Konsentrasi Mikroplastik dengan Material Padatan Tersuspensi (MPT) di Perairan Delta Sungai Bodri, Kendal, Jawa Tengah Sri Yulina Wulandari; Bambang Yulianto; Ocky Karna Radjasa; Dwi Haryo Ismunarti; Sri Sedjati
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 25, No 3 (2022): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v25i3.16121

Abstract

The Bodri river flow in Kendal Regency is a transportation route for sedimentary materials, waste disposal or garbage resulting from human activities on land to sea waters. One type of waste that is often found is plastic packaging. Until now, the use of plastic products is still high in society. In the environment, plastic waste (including that used for packaging) is difficult to decompose or degrade, but only fragmented into smaller sizes called microplastics. Microplastics (particle size < 5 mm) are widely distributed throughout aquatic ecosystems. Microplastics are one of the pollutants that can affect the food cycle for organisms in coastal and marine areas. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between the concentration of microplastics and suspended solids (MPT) at high tide and low tide. A total of 16 water samples were taken from eight (8) purposively determined stations. Sampling was carried out in July 2019 (dry season) during high and low tides. The research method used was descriptive quantitative. The concentration of microplastics was determined by the method recommended by NOAA, while the determination of the concentration of MPT was carried out by the gravimetric method. The results showed that the average concentration of microplastics at high tide was 2.207 mg/L compared to 2.615 mg/L at low tide. The average MPT concentration at high tide is 193 mg/L lower than at low tide, which was 419 mg/L. It could be said that the high mean concentration of microplastic and MPT at low tide indicated that more microplastic and MPT sourced from the mainland. By the statistical test using the Pearson correlation method, the relationship between microplastics and MPT was in the weak category. MPT affected the presence of microplastics only by 3.19% (with a coefficient of determination of 0.0319 and a p-value of 0.508). The presence of microplastics was not only caused by the presence of MPT, but was mostly thought to be influenced by other factors. Aliran sungai Bodri di Kabupaten Kendal menjadi jalur transportasi bahan sedimen, buangan limbah atau sampah hasil dari aktivitas manusia di daratan menuju ke perairan laut. Salah satu jenis buangan sampah yang banyak dijumpai adalah plastik kemasan. Sampai sekarang, penggunaan produk plastik masih tinggi di masyarakat. Di lingkungan, sampah plastik (termasuk yang digunakan sebagai kemasan) sulit terurai, tetapi hanya terfragmentasi menjadi ukuran yang lebih kecil yang disebut mikroplastik. Mikroplastik (ukuran partikel < 5 mm) tersebar luas di seluruh ekosistem perairan. Mikroplastik menjadi salah polutan yang dapat mempengaruhi siklus makanan bagi organisme di wilayah pesisir dan laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsentrasi mikroplastik dengan material padatan tersuspensi (MPT) pada saat pasang dan surut. Sebanyak 16 sampel air diambil dari 8 stasiun yang ditentukan secara purposif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2019 (musim kemarau) saat pasang dan surut. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Konsentrasi mikroplastik ditentukan dengan metode yang direkomendasikan oleh NOAA, sedangkan penentuan konsentrasi MPT dilakukan dengan metode gravimetri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa rerata konsentrasi mikroplastik saat pasang lebih rendah yaitu sebesar 2,207 mg/L dibandingkan saat surut yaitu sebesar 2,615 mg/L. Rerata konsentrasi MPT saat pasang lebih rendah yaitu sebesar 193 mg/L dibandingkan saat surut yaitu sebesar 419 mg/L. Dapat dikatakan bahwa tingginya nilai rerata konsentrasi mikroplastik dan MPT pada saat surut mengindikasikan kalau mikroplastik dan MPT lebih banyak berasal dari daratan. Dari uji statistik dengan metode korelasi Pearson, hubungan antara mikroplastik dengan MPT termasuk kategori lemah. MPT mempengaruhi keberadaan mikroplastik hanya sebesar 3,19% (dengan koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,0319 dan p-value 0,508). Keberadaan mikroplastik tidak hanya disebabkan oleh adanya MPT, tetapi sebagian besar diduga dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain.
Pengembangan Dan Karakterisasi Bioplastik Karagenan-Alginat-Gliserol Dengan Perlakuan Kalsium Klorida Ali Ridlo; Sri Sedjati; Endang Supriyantini; Dinda Ayuniar Zanjabila
Buletin Oseanografi Marina Vol 12, No 1 (2023): Buletin Oseanografi Marina
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/buloma.v12i1.48020

Abstract

Material biopolimer tunggal seperti alginat dan karagenan tidak memiliki sifat fisiko-kimia dan mekanik yang mencukupi untuk digunakan sebagai produk spesifik seperti bioplastik, sehingga diperlukan kombinasi agar diperoleh hidrogel yang lebih kuat dan tahan air. Ion Ca2+ berperan sebagai crosslinker polimer bermuatan negative (alginat dan karagenan) serta meningkatkan struktur jaringan, sifat reologi dan hidrofobisitasnya, dengan cara berikatan silang dengan gugus karboksil alginat daan gugus sulfat karagenaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman dalam larutan CaCl2 terhadap karakteristik (ketebalan, keburaman, ketahanan air, biodegradabilitas, kuat tarik dan elongasi) bioplastik alginat-karagenan-gliserol. Alginat diperoleh dari ekstraksi Sargassum sp., sedangkan karagenan diperoleh dari ekstraksi rumput laut K. alvarezii yang berasal dari Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Bioplastik dibuat dengan cara mencampur 1,5 g karagenan dan 0,5 g alginat dalam 146 mL akuades pada suhu 90℃ selama 45 menit, lalu ditambahkan gliserol 2 mL  pada suhu 70℃ dan dihomogenkan selama 15 menit, kemudian dicetak pada cetakan gelas dan dikeringkan dalam oven pada suhu 50℃ selama 18 jam. Setelah itu bioplastik dilepas dari cetakannya dan direndam dalam larutan CaCl2 (1%; 2%; 3% dan 4%) selama 5 menit lalu dikeringkan pada suhu ruang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman dalam larutan CaCl2 meningkatkan secara signifikan (p < 0,05) kuat tarik, ketahanan air, dan opacity dan menurunkan ketebalan, elongasi, dan biodegradabilitas bioplastik alginat-karagenan-gliserol. Ketebalan dan kuat tarik bioplastik alginat-karagenan-gliserol yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi Japanese Industrial Standard.Single biopolymer materials such as alginate and carrageenan do not have sufficient physico-chemical and mechanical properties to be used as specific products such as bioplastics, so a combination is needed to obtain stronger and water-resistant hydrogels. The Ca2+ ion acts as a crosslinker for negatively charged polymers (alginate and carrageenan) and improves the network structure, rheological properties and hydrophobicity, by cross-linking with the carboxyl group of alginate and the sulfate group of carrageenan. This study aims to determine the effect of immersion in CaCl2 solution on the characteristics (thickness, opacity, water resistance, biodegradability, tensile strength and elongation at break) of alginate-carrageenan-glycerol bioplastic. Alginate was obtained from the extraction of Sargassum sp., while carrageenan was obtained from the extraction of K. alvarezii seaweed from Jepara, Central Java. Bioplastics were made by mixing 1.5 g of carrageenan and 0.5 g of alginate in 146 mL of distilled water at 90℃ for 45 minutes, then adding 2 mL of glycerol at 70℃ and homogenized for 15 minutes, then molded on a glass mold and dried in the oven at 50℃ for 18 hours. after that, the bioplastic was removed from the mold and immersed in a solution of CaCl2 (1%; 2%; 3% and 4%) for 5 minutes and then dried at room temperature. The results showed that immersion in CaCl2 solution significantly increased (p < 0.05) tensile strength, water resistance, and opacity and decreased thickness, elongation, and biodegradability of alginate-carrageenan-glycerol bioplastics. The thickness and tensile strength of the alginate-carrageenan-glycerol bioplastic produced complies with the Japanese Industrial Standard.
Sifat Mekanik dan Ketebalan Bioplastik dari Kappaphycus alvarezii Menggunakan Variasi Konsentrasi Amilum dengan Pemlastis Gliserol Kirana Fatika Brilianti; Ali Ridlo; Sri Sedjati
Journal of Marine Research Vol 12, No 1 (2023): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v12i1.34169

Abstract

Plastik merupakan bahan yang banyak digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, tetapi mencemari lingkungan karena plastik tidak dapat diuraikan oleh lingkungan. Penelitian mengenai bioplastik diperlukan untuk bahan alternatif plastik yang mudah terurai. Karagenan dan amilum merupakan polisakarida yang berpotensi sebagai bahan pembuatan bioplastik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menentukan perbedaan karakteristik (ketebalan, kuat tarik dan elongasi) bioplastik berbahan dasar karagenan dan gliserol terhadap pertambahan konsentrasi amilum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Eksperimental Laboratorium. Karagenan diperoleh dari ektraksi K. alvarezii yang berasal dari perairan Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Bioplastik dibuat dengan gelatinasi amilum (1; 2; 3; dan 4 g) dalam 50 ml akuades pada suhu 90ºC selama 15 menit dalam erlenmeyer menggunakan Hot Plate Stirrer. Gliserol 20% ditambahkan dan dihomogenkan selama 5 menit. Suhu diturunkan hingga 70ºC, selanjutnya karagenan 1 g dan akuades ditambahkan hingga volume 150 ml dihomogenkan selama 45 menit. Bioplastik dicetak dan dikeringkan di oven selama 18 jam pada suhu 50ºC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik bioplastik κ-karagenan dengan penambahan amilum yaitu memiliki kuat tarik 6,42-11,47 MPa, nilai elongasi 7,03-21,88% dan ketebalan 0,13-0,25 mm. Elongasi konsentrasi amilum 1 g telah memenuhi standar SNI. Parameter yang sesuai dengan standar Japanese Industrial Standard yaitu parameter kuat tarik dan ketebalan.   Plastic is a material that is widely used in everyday life, but it pollutes the environment because plastic cannot be decomposed by the environment. Research on bioplastics needs to get alternative materials for plastics that are easily biodegradable. Carrageenan and starch are polysaccharides that have the potential as materials for making bioplastics. This study aimed to determine differences in characteristics (thickness, tensile strength, and elongation) of bioplastics based on carrageenan and glycerol because of increased starch concentration. The research method used is Experimental Laboratory. Carrageenan from the extraction of K. alvarezii from the waters of Jepara, Central Java. Bioplastics were prepared by gelatinization starch (1; 2; 3; and 4 g) in 50 ml of distilled water at 90ºC for 15 minutes in an Erlenmeyer using a Hot Plate Stirrer. Glycerol 20% was added and homogenized for 5 minutes. Lower the temperature to 70ºC, then add 1 g of carrageenan and distilled water until the volume is 150 ml, after that homogenize it for 45 minutes. The bioplastics were molded and dried in the oven for 18 hours at 50ºC. The results showed that the characteristics of κ-carrageenan bioplastic with the addition of starch had a tensile strength of 6.42-11.47 MPa, an elongation value of 7.03-21.88% and a thickness of 0.13-0.25 mm. The elongation of starch concentration of 1 g is in accordance with the SNI standard. Parameters that comply with the Japanese Industrial Standard are the tensile strength and thickness parameters.
Peningkatan Kadar Fenolik Total dari Chlorella sp. Menggunakan Cekaman Radiasi Ultraviolet-B Sri Sedjati; Endang Supriyantini; Sri Yulina Wulandari; Nur Islamiah Sulastri
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 26, No 1 (2023): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v26i1.15559

Abstract

 The treatment of abiotic stressing in microalgae cultures can trigger the production of secondary metabolites that have a variety of bioactivity. Phenolic compounds are one of the secondary metabolites produced by Chlorella sp. and have been categorized as an important  antioxidants that play a role in the scavenging of free radicals.  This research uses ultraviolet (UV)-B (λ 280-320 nm) as a stressing in Chlorella sp. cultures.  The aim is to determine the effect of UV-B radiation on the biomass production of Chlorella sp. and total phenolic content (TPC), as well as its antioxidant activity.  The research method used is experimental with a completely randomized design (RAL).  The treatment tested was UV-B radiation with different duration of 0 (control), 40, 80, and 120 minutes/day during the culture period. Chlorella sp. culture is carried out using 12 glass containers with seawater (salinity 35 ppt) as culture media and enriched by Walne fertilizer (1 mL/L).  During the culture period, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) light and aeration are carried out for 24 hours.  Biomass of Chlorella sp. was harvested 1 day after the peak of growth, then determined the weight of biomass and ethanol extract, followed by TPC, and antioxidant activity. The TPC test was carried out using the Follin-Ciocalteu reagent, while antioxidant activity used an inhibition test against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).  The results showed that UV-B radiation  had no significant effect on the biomass (p=0.122) and its ethanol extract yield (p=0.194), but had a significant effect on TPC (p=0.003) and DPPH inhibition percentage (p=0.036).  The UV-B radiation for 80 minutes/day for 10 days of the Chlorella sp. culture can be used to increase phenolic production with a TPC value of 4.906 mg GAE/g extract.  Pemberian cekaman abiotik pada kultur mikrolga dapat memicu produksi metabolit sekunder yang memiliki beragam bioaktivitas.  Senyawa fenolik adalah salah satu metabolit sekunder yang diproduksi oleh Chlorella sp. dan telah dikatagorikan sebagai antioksidan penting yang berperan dalam penangkalan radikal bebas.  Penelitian ini menggunakan cahaya ultraviolet (UV)-B (λ 280-320 nm) sebagai cekaman dalam kultur Chlorella sp.  Tujuannya adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh radiasi UV-B terhadap produksi biomassa Chlorella sp. dan kadar fenolik total/ total phenolic content (TPC), serta aktivitas antioksidannya.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dengan desain rancangan acak lengkap (RAL).  Perlakuan yang diujicobakan adalah pemberian radiasi UV-B dengan durasi yang berbeda, yaitu 0 (kontrol), 40, 80, dan 120 menit/hari selama masa kultur. Kultur Chlorella sp. dilakukan menggunakan 12 wadah kaca dengan media kultur berupa air laut (salinitas 35 ppt) dan ditambahkan pupuk Walne (1 mL/L).  Selama masa kultur, pemberian cahaya photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) dan aerasi dilakukan selama 24 jam.  Biomassa Chlorella sp. dipanen 1 hari setelah tercapai puncak pertumbuhan, kemudian ditentukan berat biomassa dan ekstrak etanolnya, dilanjutkan uji TPC, dan aktivitas antioksidannya. Uji TPC dilakukan menggunakan reagen Folin-Ciocalteu, sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan uji inhibisi terhadap 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa radiasi UV-B tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap biomassa Chlorella sp. (p=0,122) dan rendemen ekstrak etanolnya (p=0,194), namun berpengaruh signifikan terhadap TPC (p=0,003) dan persentase inhibisi DPPH (p=0,036).  Pemberian radiasi UV-B selama 80 menit/hari selama 10 hari masa kultur Chlorella sp. dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan produksi fenolik dengan nilai TPC sebesar 4,906 mg GAE/g ekstrak. 
Perendaman Daging Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) Menggunakan Asam Asetat dan Bubuk Sargassum sp. sebagai Penurun Kadar Logam Timbal (Pb) Khoirunnisah Riswanti; Sri Sedjati; Endang Supriyantini
Journal of Marine Research Vol 12, No 3 (2023): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v12i3.35603

Abstract

Akumulasi logam berat berlebih pada kerang hijau (Perna viridis) dapat membahayakan konsumen. Sargassum sp. merupakan rumput laut yang berpotensi sebagai penurun kadar logam karena mengandung alginat yang memiliki gugus fungsi penyerap logam. Gugus fungsi seperti hidroksil dan karboksil dapat menjerap ion logam timbal (Pb) yang terdapat pada daging kerang hijau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan bubuk rumput laut Sargassum sp. dan asam asetat sebagai penurun kadar logam timbal pada daging kerang hijau serta mengidentifikasi gugus fungsi yang terkandung dalam bubuk Sargassum sp. Metode yang digunakan yaitu percobaan labotatoris, menggunakan perlakuan konsentrasi sebanyak 3 kali pengulangan. Bubuk Sargassum sp. dikeringkan menggunakan oven suhu 45°C selama 24 jam, kemudian dihaluskan dan diuji FTIR. Daging kerang direndam pada konsentrasi bubuk Sargassum sp. 0%, 4%, 6%, dan 8%, dengan pH 5 (penambahan asam asetat) selama 90 menit. Sampel didestruksi dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar logam timbal menggunakan Atomic Adsorption Spectrofotometri (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi bubuk rumput laut Sargassum sp. tidak mempengaruhi penjerapan logam timbal dengan uji Anova (P≤0,05). Konsentrasi bubuk rumput laut Sargassum sp. dengan penurunan kadar logam tertinggi yaitu konsentrasi 8% sebesar 0,111 mg/kg. Gugus fungsi yang terdapat pada bubuk Sargassum yaitu hidroksil (-OH), amina (-NH2), dan alkana (-CH2).  Excessive accumulation of heavy metals in green mussels (Perna viridis) can harm consumers. Sargassum sp. is a seaweed that has the potential as a metal reducing agent because it contains alginate which has a metal-absorbing functional group. Functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl can absorb lead metal (Pb) ions found in green mussel meat. This study aims to determine the effect of using powdered seaweed Sargassum sp. and acetic acid as lowering metal levels of lead in green mussels as well as identifying the functional groups contained in powdered Sargassum sp. The method was used is a laboratory experiment, using a concentration treatment of 3 repetitions. Sargassum sp. powder dried using an oven at 45°C for 24 hours, then mashed and tested FTIR. Scallop meat soaked in powder concentration of Sargassum sp. 0%, 4%, 6%, and 8%, with pH 5 (addition of acetic acid) for 90 minutes. The sample was destroyed and the lead content was measured using Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that the concentration of Sargassum sp. powder not affect lead metal adsorption by Anova test (P≤0.05). The concentration of powdered seaweed Sargassum sp. with the highest decrease in metal content, namely the concentration of 8% at 0.111 mg/kg. The functional groups in Sargassum powder are hydroxyl (-OH), amine (-NH2), dan alkane (-CH2).
Suplementasi Alginat dan Spirulina Meningkatkan Ketahanan Udang Litopenaeus vannamei Terhadap Pajanan Salinitas Adella, Alisa Sukma; Yudiati, Ervia; Sedjati, Sri
Journal of Marine Research Vol 12, No 4 (2023): Journal of Marine Research
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v12i4.37937

Abstract

Permintaan pasar yang tinggi membuat Litopenaeus vannamei menjadi komoditas penting yang perlu ditingkatkan produksinya. Salah satu upaya peningkatan produksi budidaya udang adalah dengan memberikan pakan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari suplementasi alginat dan Spirulina dalam pakan udang pada ketahanan terhadap tingkat kelangsungan hidup, stres salinitas, serta pertumbuhan panjang dan berat dari post-larvae L. vannamei. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan suplementasi selama 14 hari yang terdiri dari K (kontrol), perlakuan AS 1 (Alg 1 g+Spr 1 mg/kg), perlakuan AS 2 (Alg 2 g+Spr 2 mg/kg), dan perlakuan AS 3 (Alg 3 g+Spr 5 mg/kg) dengan masing-masing 4 pengulangan. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup L. vannamei dihitung kemudian dilakukan uji stres salinitas dengan menempatkan udang dari media bersalinitas 25 ppt menjadi 0 ppt. Kelulushidupan udang dicatat setiap 10 menit hingga kematian mencapai >50% dari total udang keseluruhan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tertinggi diperoleh pada udang dengan perlakuan K (87,5%), diikuti AS 1 (85,5%), AS 2 (85%), dan AS 3 (79,5%). Ketahanan terhadap salinitas dengan waktu terlama secara berurutan terjadi pada udang dengan perlakuan AS 1 (100 menit), AS 2 (90 menit) serta K (80 menit) dan AS 3 (80 menit). Pertumbuhan panjang tertinggi terdapat pada AS 3 (0,940 cm), AS 2 (0,926 cm), AS 1 (0,897 cm), dan K (0,890 cm). Pertumbuhan berat tergolong sama pada K (0,023 g), AS 1 (0,023 g), dan AS 3 (0,023 g) dan berat terkecil terdapat pada perlakuan AS 2 (0,018 g).  High market demand makes Litopenaeus vannamei an important commodity that needs to be increased in production. One of the efforts to increase the production of shrimp aquaculture is to provide feed according to the needs. This study aims to determine the effect of alginate and Spirulina supplementation in shrimp feed on resistance to survival, salinity stress, and growth in length and weight of L. vannamei post-larvae. The research method was carried out by supplementation for 14 days consisting of K (control), AS 1 treatment (Alg 1 g+Spr 1 mg/kg), AS 2 treatment (Alg 2 g+Spr 2 mg/kg), and AS 3 treatments. (Alg 3 g+Spr 5 mg/kg) with 4 repetitions each. The survival rate of L. vannamei was calculated then a salinity stress test was carried out by placing the shrimp from media with a salinity of 25 ppt to 0 ppt. Shrimp survival was recorded every 10 minutes until death reached > 50% of the total shrimp. The results showed that the highest survival rate was obtained in shrimp treated with K (87.5%), followed by AS 1 (85.5%), AS 2 (85%), and AS 3 (79.5%). Resistance to salinity with the longest time sequentially occurred in shrimp treated with AS 1 (100 minutes), AS 2 (90 minutes) and K (80 minutes) and AS 3 (80 minutes). The highest growth in length was found in AS 3 (0.940 cm), AS 2 (0.926 cm), AS 1 (0.897 cm), and K (0.890 cm). Weight growth was the same in K (0.023 g), AS 1 (0.023 g), and AS 3 (0.023 g) and the smallest weight was found in AS 2 treatment (0.018 g).
Combination of Alginate and Ginger Oil as Edible Coating Formulation for Reducing Pathogenic Bacteria in Litopenaeus vannamei Amal, Ikhlasul; Yudiati, Ervia; Sedjati, Sri; Ighwerb, Mostafa Imhmed
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 28, No 4 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.4.313-320

Abstract

Litopenaeus vannamei is a world trade commodity that has a high economic value but is easily degraded. To maintain the quality, post-harvest peeled shrimp needs to be coated. The research objective was to determine the effectiveness of adding edible coatings with a formulation of alginate and ginger oil combination as a natural preservative for shrimp. The research method used was laboratory experimental with a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments were additional peeled shrimp with different concentrations of alginate, i.e. 0 g, 1.5 g, and 3.0 g with two repetitions. The addition of 100 ml aquadest, 4 g CaCl2, 15 mL glycerol, and 1.5 mL of ginger oil was administered in every treatment. Total Plate Counts (TPC), Escherichia coli, and Vibrio cholerae were determined in initial condition, 3rd, and 6th days after the storage time in a 40C refrigerator.  The edible film test with 5 repetitions, including thickness, tensile strength, and break elongation. The results on TPC (5.00 x 105 CFU.g-1) and TPC of V. cholerae (Negative.25 g-1) show that all the treated shrimp meet the standard value (SNI 3457:2021) requirements. Most Probably Number of E. coli in alginate addition of 0 and 1.5 g i.e. <3 MPN.g-1 treatments, do not meet the requirements. The bacterial test and edible film mechanical properties showed that the addition of 3.0 g alginate was the most effective treatment compared to other treatments (α=0.05). A formulation of alginate and ginger oil combination is an effective edible coating for reducing the pathogenic bacteria of peeled shrimp L. vannamei.
Machine Learning-Driven Seaweed Genera Identification on a Web Application Using Teachable Machine Azhar, Riza Nur; Yudiati, Ervia; Sedjati, Sri
Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada Vol 26, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfs.92955

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the use of machine learning technology, particularly Teachable Machine, in identifying seaweed genus in Indonesia. The limitations of identification databases and the lack of previous research were the main drivers of this study. The research focused on Panjang Island with three representative field data collection stations. This field data became the basis for training machine learning models for identification. In addition to field data, information from the literature on seaweed visual characteristics was also taken to support the identification process. The machine learning model developed achieved 99.42% accuracy in identifying 13 classes of 9 seaweed genus. The implementation of the model on the web application showed satisfactory responsive performance, including in the speed test on Google PageSpeed. Overall, the integration of machine learning technology in a web application platform provides a practical solution for accurate and accessible seaweed identification. This invention has great potential in supporting research, conservation, and sustainable utilization of marine resources in Indonesia.
Potensi Metabolit Kapang Endofit Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata sebagai Anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis Limbong, Maria Fransiska; Setyati, Wilis Ari; Sedjati, Sri; Sibero, Mada Triandala
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 27, No 1 (2024): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v27i1.20133

Abstract

Mangrove association molds are known to produce secondary metabolite compounds that have antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to obtain anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis metabolites produced by the endophytic mold of mangrove Rhizophora apiculate. The screening process is carried out in exploratory descriptive research.  The stages of this research are sampling, mold isolation and purification, and macroscopic characterization. Initial screening of antibacterial activity is carried out by the agar plug method. Isolates that produce antibacterial metabolites are molecularly identified. The isolate was then cultured with Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The producing antibacterial metabolites were extracted using two solvents of different polarities (ethyl acetate and methanol) by stratified maceration method. Antibacterial metabolites are then tested to determine the concentration of extracts required to inhibit (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and kill bacterial growth (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration / MBC). The results of this study showed that there is one species of mangrove endophytic mold Rhizophora apiculata that can produce antibacterial metabolites against S. epidermidis, namely Diaporthe sennae.  These antibacterial metabolites are present in ethyl acetate extract. The resulting bioactivity based on the ability to inhibit bacterial growth can be seen from the MIC value of 2.5 mg / mL and the ability to kill bacteria with an MBC value of 5 mg / mL. The mold metabolite Diaporthe sennae could potentially be developed as an anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis  Kapang asosiasi mangrove diketahui menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan metabolit anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis yang dihasilkan oleh kapang endofit mangrove Rhizophora apiculate. Proses skrining dilakukan secara diskriptif eksploratif.  Tahapan penelitian ini adalah pengambilan sampel, isolasi dan purifikasi kapang, serta karakterisasi makroskopis. Skrining awal aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode agar plug. Isolat yang menghasilkan metabolit antibakteri diidentifikasi secara molekuler. Isolat tersebut selanjutnya dikultur dengan media Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Metabolit antibakteri yang dihasilkan diekstraksi menggunakan dua pelarut yang berbeda polaritas (etil asetat dan metanol) dengan metode maserasi bertingkat. Metabolit antibakteri kemudian diuji untuk menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak  yang diperlukan untuk menghambat (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration /MIC) dan membunuh pertumbuhan bakteri (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration /MBC). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat satu spesies kapang endofit mangrove Rhizophora apiculata yang yang dapat menghasilkan metabolit antibakteri  melawan S. epidermidis, yaitu Diaporthe sennae.  Metabolit antibakteri tersebut terdapat dalam ekstrak etil asetat. Bioaktivitas yang dihasilkan berdasarkan kemampuan menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri terlihat dari nilai MIC sebesar 2,5 mg/mL dan kemampuan membunuh bakteri dengan nilai MBC sebesar 5 mg/mL.  Metabolit kapang Diaporthe sennae berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis 
Metabolit Sargassum sp. sebagai Agen Antioksidan dan Fotoprotektif Radiasi Ultraviolet Sedjati, Sri; Trianto, Agus; Larasati, Stefanie Jessica Henny; Haqqu, Alir Adn
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis Vol 27, No 3 (2024): JURNAL KELAUTAN TROPIS
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkt.v27i3.23999

Abstract

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sunlight can damage human skin. The formation of free radicals in skin tissue, sunburn, erythema, and skin tanning are effects that often occur due to exposure to high intensity. Sunscreen cosmetics are commonly used to protect human skin, some use seaweed extract in their formulations. This study was conducted to search for metabolites from Sargassum sp. which have activity as antioxidants and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) photoprotective.  Graded maceration with hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvents was done to extract all metabolites according to their polarity. The content of pigments (chlorophyll & carotenoids), total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and UVR photoprotective are determined by spectrophotometry. Antioxidant activity was analyzed based on the value of inhibition percentage (IC50) against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and  UVR photoprotective was based on the value of sun protection factor (SPF), a percentage of erythema transmission (%Te), and pigmentation transmission (% Tp). The results of the research showed that of the three, hexane extract (H), ethyl acetate extract (Ea), and ethanol extract (Et) all contain carotenoids, but one of them, namely H, did not contain chlorophyll. The largest TPC was found in Et i.e. 15.79 mg of GAE/g. The highest antioxidant activity was achieved by H, followed by Ea with a slight difference in IC50, respectively at 198.61 and 204.12 μg/mL. The highest UVR photoprotective activity was achieved by Ea with an SPF value of 13,480, %Te 4,037, and %Tp 24,316 (at 200 μg/mL). Ethyl acetate extract from Sargassum sp. has been tested as the best antioxidant and UVR photoprotective agent and can be used in sunscreen cosmetic formulations.  Radiasi ultraviolet (UVR) yang bersumber dari cahaya matahari dapat memicu kerusakan kulit manusia. Terbentuknya radikal bebas dalam jaringan kulit, kulit terbakar, kulit memerah, maupun penggelapan kulit merupakan efek yang sering terjadi akibat paparan UVR dalam intensitas tinggi. Kosmetik tabir surya biasa digunakan untuk melindungi kulit manusia dan beberapa di antaranya menggunakan ekstrak rumput laut dalam formulasinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mencari metabolit dari Sargassum sp. yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan dan fotoprotektif UVR. Maserasi bertingkat dengan pelarut heksana, etil asetat, dan etanol dilakukan untuk mengekstrak semua metabolit sesuai dengan polaritasnya. Kandungan pigmen (klorofil & karotenoid), fenolik total, aktivitas antioksidan, maupun fotoprotektif UVR ditentukan dengan metode spektrofotometri. Aktivitas antioksidan dianalisis berdasarkan nilai persentase inhibisisi (IC50) terhadap 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), sedangkan fotoprotektif UVR berdasarkan nilai sun protection factor (SPF), persentase transmisi eritema (%Te), dan transmisi pigmentasi (% Tp). Hasil peneltian menunjukkan bahwa dari ketiganya, ekstrak heksana (H), ekstrak etil asetat (Ea), dan ekstrak etanol (Et) semuanya mengandung karotenoid, tetapi salah satunya, yaitu H tidak mengandung klorofil. Kandungan fenolik total paling besar terdapat pada Et, yaitu sebesar 15,79 mg GAE/g. Aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dicapai oleh H, diikuti oleh Ea dengan sedikit perbedaan nilai IC50, secara berurutan yaitu sebesar 198,61 dan 204,12 µg/mL. Aktivitas fotoprotektif UVR paling tinggi dicapai oleh Ea, yaitu dengan nilai SPF sebesar 13,480, %Te 4,037, dan %Tp 24,316 (pada konsentrasi 200 µg/mL).  Ekstrak etil asetat dari Sargassum sp. teruji sebagai agen antioksidan dan fotoprotektif UVR terbaik dan bisa dimanfaatkan dalam formulasi kosmetik tabir surya. 
Co-Authors Aan Pratama Adam Sojuangon Pasaribu Adella, Alisa Sukma Adha Susanto Adi Santosa Adi Santoso Agus Trianto Ali Ridlo Ambariyanto , Ambariyanto Ambariyanto Amtoni Caesario Nainggolan Annisa Afifah Nugroho Ardiani Widya Wandira Arif Maa’ruf Al Ayyub Arvianto Wibowo Azhar, Riza Nur Aziz Rifai Bahry, Muhammad Syaifudien Bambang Yulianto Bolu, Wa Ode Rima Alam Sari Budhy Wiyarsih Chika Velita Anindya Yulian Delianis Pringgenies Deska Dwi Iriana Dewi Meynita, Dewi Dhimas Firmansyaf Dinda Ayuniar Zanjabila Dwi Haryo Ismunarti Eka Mulya Eksa Novritasari Elis Indrayanti Endang Supriyantini Ervia Yudiati Faith Dibri Kimberly Galih Arum Puspitaningtyas Aji Pangastuti Gita Wismayanti Hadi Endrawati Haeruddin Haeruddin Hafida Salma Haqqu, Alir Adn Ighwerb, Mostafa Imhmed Ikhlasul Amal Irene Ulsadriatny Iriana, Deska Dwi Jamaludin Jamaludin Khoirunnisah Riswanti Kirana Fatika Brilianti Larasati, Stefanie Jessica Henny Lilik Maslukah Limbong, Maria Fransiska Linggar Dirgantara Prasetyo M. Hafizulhaq Mahadika Fanindhita Sany Max Rudolf Muskananfola McCauley, Erin Mhevy Nadya Pasaribu Muhammad S. Bahry Muhammad Syaifudien Bahry Nada Kristiani Ginting Nadiah Humairoh Mufidah Savitri Nirwani Soenardjo Nur Islamiah Sulastri Nuril Azhar Ocky Karna Radjasa Oetari Kusuma Putri Pasaribu, Adam Sojuangon Pradhika, Vicky Dimas Pramastuti, Fransisca Ria Rabia Alghazeer Rachmat Afriyanto Raden Ario Rahmawati, Tiara Rani Agustian Rizkina Retno Hartati Ria Azizah Tri Nuraini Rima Rosema Rini Pramesti Riska Novianti Putri Risma Pratiwi Risnita Tri Utami Rizky Rifatma Jezzi Rizqi Umi Arifah Sakti Imam Muchlisin Saniyatul Ulya Sari, Intan Swastika Savitri, Nadiah Humairoh Mufidah Septhy Kusuma Radjasa Sibero, Mada Triandala Sri Redjeki Sri Yulina Wulandari Sulistiana, Zalsabila Sunaryo Sunaryo Sunaryo Sunaryo Suryono Suryono Vicky Dimas Pradhika Victoria Ratna Widiyanti Victorina Yulina Santi Wa Ode Rima Alam Sari Bolu Wandira, Ardiani Widya Widiyanti, Victoria Ratna Wilis Ari Setyati Wismayanti, Gita Yusup Bayu Permadi Yusup Bayu Permadi Zalsabila Sulistiana Zidny Nurfadhli