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PERAN INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION (ILO) DALAM MENGATASI MASALAH PEKERJA ANAK DI INDIA TAHUN 2020-2022 Fadillah, Muhammad Irfan; Saeri, Mohammad
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 12: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Child labor remains a global issue, particularly in developing countries like India, which recorded significant child labor figures during 2020–2022. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the ILO in addressing child labor issues in India during the 2020–2022 period through various programs, technical cooperation, and the ratification of international conventions. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, and data collection techniques Within the theoretical framework, this study utilizes the theory of international organizations as proposed by Clive Archer, which positions international organizations as instruments, arenas, and independent actors within the international system. This theory is relevant to examining how the ILO carries out its functions, both as a tool for member states in formulating policies, as a forum for international actors to interact, and as an independent entity capable of making its own decisions. As an instrument, the ILO runs programs such as the Measurement, Awareness Raising, and Policy Engagement (MAP16), and Policies, Partnerships, Learning & Local Empowerment (PPLL), which support education and community empowerment. As an arena, the ILO provides a forum for discussion, multilateral cooperation, and policy advocacy that encourages the ratification of international conventions related to child labor. As an independent actor, the ILO independently drafted Conventions 138 and 182 and created a specific program to address child labor issues, the International Programme on Elimination of Child Labor (IPEC). Nevertheless, this study found that fundamental challenges—primarily poverty, social inequality, and weak legal implementation—remain major obstacles to the complete elimination of child labor in India. Keywords: Child labor, International Labor Organization (ILO), India, Instruments, Arena, Independent Actors
Penguatan Toleransi Sosial Sebagai Bentuk Pencegahan Tindak Kekerasan Pada Siswa SMA Sederajat di Kecamatan Bantan Kabupaten Bengkalis Provinsi Riau Saeri, Mohammad; Jamaan, Ahmad; Olivia, Yessi; Fuadi, Ahmad
BATOBO: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 1 No 2 (2023): BATOBO: Desember 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/batobo.1.2.72-81

Abstract

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana toleransi dikembangkan di sekolah menengah atas di Kecamatan Bantan Kabupaten Bengkalis. Seperti kita ketahui bahwa kekerasan fisik maupun mental merupakan kasus penting yang perlu diawasi dan dicegah khususnya di lingkungan sekolah. Bengkalis merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Riau yang banyak terjadi kekerasan fisik dan mental. Pada tahun 2020, terjadi 26 kasus. Kegiatan pemberdayaan sosial diperlukan untuk meminimalisir kasus dari waktu ke waktu. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam makalah ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dan dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode Focus Group Discussion dan Teaching. Data primer dan sekunder dikumpulkan untuk dianalisis dan diambil kesimpulan berdasarkan fakta. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa masih banyak siswa di SMAN 1 Bantan yang belum mengetahui bagaimana menyikapi jika terjadi intoleransi. Mereka juga tidak pernah melihat kekerasan fisik atau mental terjadi di sekolah mereka. Untuk mencegah hal tersebut terjadi, telah dilakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan sosial seperti pengajaran, menonton film pendek, dan diskusi tentang perilaku intoleransi di lingkungan sekolah.
The Diplomacy of Islamic Powers in the Malacca Strait Saeri, Mohammad; Purwasandi, Purwasandi; Wahyudi, Herry; Hidayatullah, Nur Luthfi
The Sunan Ampel Review of Political and Social Sciences Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): November
Publisher : UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/sarpass.2025.5.1.1-15

Abstract

The Strait of Malacca has been a strategic route for the meeting of economic, cultural, ideological and political interests since thousands of years ago. One of the impacts of this strategic meeting was the emergence of Islamic powers in the form of large Islamic kingdoms in the early 9th century. The existence of the Islamic powers of the Malacca Strait was revealed through a search of both primary and secondary documents. The results of this study prove that the emergence of Islamic powers in the Malacca Strait occurred through economic and cultural diplomacy, making it easier to strengthen the influence of Islamic ideology among the people along the Malacca Strait, both in Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. This strong and widespread influence of the Islamic religion became the basis for the establishment of large kingdoms which formed governments based on Islamic political principles. The clash of economic, cultural, ideological and political interests continued between the Islamic forces of the Malacca Strait and the Western powers as new arrivals which ended with the collapse of the Islamic forces of the Malacca Strait.
DIPLOMASI INDONESIA UNTUK MENJADI TUAN RUMAH WORLD WATER FORUM KE-10 Hikmah, Luthfiyyah Dorrotul; Renolafitri, Hendrini; Saeri, Mohammad
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol 12: Edisi II Juli - Desember 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This research aims to examine how Indonesia used public diplomacy to be selected as host of the 10th World Water Forum, an effort to strengthen cooperation in the field of water and sustainable development, at the national, regional, and international levels. Through this framework, the study analyzes the public diplomacy steps taken by Indonesia to gain international support in the selection process for the 10th World Water Forum. This reasearch uses qualitative methods, with data collection techniques through literature studies sourced from books, journals, articles, news, and websites. This study uses the perspective of Liberalism and Nicholas J. Cull's public diplomacy theory, which consists of five main components: listening, advocacy, cultural diplomacy, exchange diplomacy, and international broadcasting. The results show that Indonesia was able to effectively implement all five components of public diplomacy. This strategy succeeded in building a positive image of Indonesia in the eyes of the world, thereby gaining significant support in the voting mechanism and ultimately being selected as host of the 10th World Water Forum. Keywords: Public diplomacy, Nation branding, World Water Forum
PERAN INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION (ILO) DALAM MENANGANI EKSPLOITASI PEKERJA ANAK DI PERTAMBANGAN KOBALT REPUBLIK DEMOKRATIK KONGO 2018-2024 Aditama Novindri Firmansyah; Mohammad Saeri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Child labor exploitation in cobalt mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) represents a global paradox where the green energy transition in developed countries depends on supply chains supported by the exploitation of up to 40,000 children in hazardous conditions. Extreme poverty reaches 72.9% of the population, weak law enforcement, and the absence of state protection functions make the DRC case the most severe in the world, opening space for intervention by the International Labour Organization (ILO) as an international actor with a specific employment mandate. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach and is grounded in the international organization theory of Barnett and Finnemore, which positions the ILO as an autonomous actor with normative and epistemic power, complemented by a constructivist perspective to understand the process of socialization of norms prohibiting child labor. Through this framework, the ILO is analyzed based on three main functions: creating and disseminating global norms, overseeing state compliance through technical oversight mechanisms, and filling institutional gaps through the COTECCO and GALAB programs. The findings show that the ILO successfully transformed the discourse on child labor from a family economic issue to a serious human rights violation through harmonizing national law with Conventions No. 138 and No. 182. The ILO developed the Child Labour Monitoring and Remediation Systems (CLMRS), withdrew 1,527 children from mines, prevented 6,464 children from entering child labor, and strengthened government institutional capacity and family economic support. Effectiveness has been qualitatively proven in improving child protection conditions in intervention areas, although limited by political instability, weak law enforcement, and the complexity of global cobalt supply chains. Keywords: International Labour Organization, International Organization, Child Labor, Cobalt Mining, Democratic Republic of The Congo
KEPENTINGAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DALAM OPERATION PROSPERITY GUARDIAN (OPG) DI LAUT MERAH TAHUN 2023-2024 Eva Riskiana; Mohammad Saeri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

This Red Sea is an important trade routhe, but the region has become vulnerable due to Houthi activities. Since late 2023, Houthi attacks on merchant ships have disrupted the stability of the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Suez Canal, which has impacted global trade. In response to these attacks, the United States formed a maritime coalition called Operation Prosperity Guardian (OPG). This study aims to analyse the US’s interests in conducting OPG in the Red Sea. The study uses qualitative methods, with data collection documentary studies sourced from several journals, official reports and websites. This study uses of Maritime Security and level of state analysis. This research that the OPG is a strategic response from the US to defend its interst in the Red Sea. Keywords: Economic Diplomacy, Foreign Direct Investment, G20, National Interest.
KEPENTINGAN SINGAPURA BERPARTISIPASI DALAM ReCAAP (REGIONAL COOPERATION AGREEMENT ON COMBATING PIRACY AND ARMED ROBBERY AGAINST SHIPS IN ASIA) Difran Saputra; Mohammad Saeri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

Maritime security has become a critical issue in international relations, particularly in Southeast Asia, which is traversed by some of the world’s busiest shipping lanes. The Malacca Strait and the Singapore Strait, as global choke points, face threats of piracy and armed robbery that directly affect international trade. In response to these threats, Asian countries established ReCAAP as a regional maritime security cooperation mechanism. Unlike Indonesia and Malaysia, Singapore became the first country to ratify ReCAAP and has played an active role, including serving as the host of the Information Sharing Centre (ISC). This study aims to analyze the reasons and national interests behind Singapore’s participation in ReCAAP. The research employs a qualitative method through a literature study, using secondary data from official reports, policy documents, and academic publications. The analysis applies maritime security theory and the state level of analysis to explain Singapore’s foreign policy. The findings show that Singapore’s participation in ReCAAP is driven by its interest in safeguarding shipping lane security, protecting its national economy as a global trading hub, and strengthening its strategic position in the region. ReCAAP is considered effective because it emphasizes information sharing, capacity building, and inter-state coordination without direct military intervention. Therefore, Singapore’s involvement reflects a rational and proactive external security strategy in addressing non-traditional security threats in Southeast Asia. Keywords: Maritime Security, ReCAAP, National Interest, Singapore, the Malacca Strait and the Singapore Strait (SOMS)
EKSPANSI L'ORÉAL SEBAGAI MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION DI INDUSTRI KECANTIKAN INDONESIA Jihan Saskia Ramadani; Mohammad Saeri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 13: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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Abstract

The phenomenon of sustained expansion by multinational corporations in developing countries has become an important issue in the dynamics of the global industry, including Indonesia’s beauty industry, which has shown significant growth in recent years. This condition encourages multinational corporations to strengthen their presence and competitiveness in the domestic market. This study examines the reasons behind L’Oréal’s expansion in Indonesia during the 2019– 2024 period as part of the company’s strategy to expand its business operations. This research employs a qualitative method, with data collected through a literature review of books, journals, articles, and websites. The analysis is conducted using the Liberalism perspective and the theory of Foreign Direct Investment. The findings indicate that the continuity of L’Oréal’s expansion in Indonesia is influenced by the rapid growth of the beauty market, changes in lifestyle, and the dominance of the productive-age population. Keyword: Multinational Corporation, Expansion, Investment, Beauty Industry.