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<![CDATA[COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE INTENSITY OF Mycobacterium leprae EXPOSURE TO CHILDREN WHO LIVE IN LOW AND HIGH ALTITUDE IN LOW LEPROSY ENDEMIC AREA OF SOUTH SULAWESI ]]>
<![CDATA[Rachmawati, Rachmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Mataallo, Timurleng Tonang]]>;
<![CDATA[Adam, Safruddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Adam, A. M.]]>;
<![CDATA[Amin, Safruddin]]>;
<![CDATA[Tabri, Farida]]>;
<![CDATA[Adriaty, Dinar]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Iswahyudi, Iswahyudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Agusni, Indropo]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 4 No. 4 (2013) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v4i4.220
<![CDATA[Background: The intensity of Mycobacterium leprae exposure to people who live in leprosy endemic area could be measured by serological study and detection of the bacilli in the nose cavity. Different geographical altitude might have some influences to this exposure since the bacilli prefer to live in warm areas. Aim: A combined serological and PCR study of leprosy was conducted in Selayar island, South Sulawesi to 80 school children (40 from low land and 40 from highland altitudes) in order to compare the exposure intensity between the two areas. Method: Anti PGL-1 IgM antibody (ELISA) and PCR study to detect M.leprae in the nasal cavity were performed simultaneously from each person. Result: Seropositive cases were found in 23/40 children from low land compared to 16/40 children from high land, but statistically no significant difference (p>0.05). PCR positive for M.leprae in the nasal cavity only found in 1/40 children, both in low and high altitude. Conclusion: It is concluded that although the existence of M.leprae in nasal cavity is minimal, the intensity of exposure to this bacilli still high as indicated by serological study.]]>
<![CDATA[Mycobacterium leprae BACILLEMIA IN BOTH TWINS, BUT ONLY MANIFEST AS LEPROSY IN ONE SIBLING ]]>
<![CDATA[Sukmawati, Netty]]>;
<![CDATA[Agusni, Indropo]]>;
<![CDATA[Listiawan, M. Yulianto]]>;
<![CDATA[Prakoeswa, Cita Rosita S.]]>;
<![CDATA[Adriaty, Dinar]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Iswahyudi, Iswahyudi]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 6 No. 1 (2016) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v6i1.1206
<![CDATA[Leprosy in twins is rarely reported. A 19 years-old male student, from Lamongan district, was diagnosed as Multibacillary (MB) leprosy in the Skin and STD Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Multiple anesthetic skin lesions were found, but the bacteriologic examination was negative for Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB). Histopathology examination support the diagnosis of BL type of leprosy. His twin brother that has been lived together since born until present seems healthy without any complaints of skin lesions and have no signs of leprosy. When a serologic examination for leprosy was performed, a high anti PGL-1 antibody level was found in patient (IgM anti PGL-1 2937 and IgG anti PGL-1 3080 unit/ml) while his healthy twin brother showed only low level (IgM 745 and IgG 0 unit/ml). Interestingly when a PCR study was performed to detect M.leprae in the blood, both of them showed positive results. Using the TTC method, a genomic study of for M.leprae, it is revealed that both samples were identic ( 27x TTC repeats). According to patient's history, he had a traffic accident and got a wound in the knee seven years ago, while the skin lesions seems started from this area around three years ago before it spread to other parts of the body. The patient was treated with Multi-drug therapy (MDT) while his sibling got a prophylactic treatment for leprosy. After 6 months of treatment, the leprosy skin lesions were diminished and the serologic anti PGL 1 has been decreased. His healthy brother also showed a decrease in anti PGL 1 level and no skin signs of leprosy.]]>
<![CDATA[Mycobacterium leprae in Daily Water Resources of Inhabitants Who Live in Leprosy Endemic Area of East Java ]]>
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Adriaty, Dinar]]>;
<![CDATA[iswahyudi, iswahyudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Prakoeswa, Cita Rosita S.]]>;
<![CDATA[Agusni, Indropo]]>;
<![CDATA[izumi, shinzo]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 1 No. 2 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v1i2.2164
<![CDATA[Leprosy still a health problem in Indonesia, where many leprosy pocket areas still persists, especially in the eastern part of the country. Although the program of WHO – Multidrug Therapy (MDT) regiment has been conducted elsewhere since 1980s, only the prevalence can be reduced but not the incidence of new leprosy cases. Theoretically after the source of leprosy (the infectious leprosy cases) has been treated, no more transmission of the disease and should be no more new leprosy cases will be found. To explain this phenomenon, the non-human resource of M.leprae became a new topic of debates, especially the existence of bacteria in the environment. A field study of the existence of M.leprae in the environment of leprosy endemic area had been conducted in a leprosy endemic area of the northern part of East Java. The aim of the study is to find any correlation of the existence of these bacteria in the environment with the presence of leprosy patients who live in that area, in order to study its role in the transmission of the disease. Ninety water samples from wells in the house of inhabitants who live in one endemic sub district were collected. The owner of the well was interviewed whether any leprosy patients who routinely use the water for their daily life activities. Water samples were examined by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method to detect M.leprae DNA, using the LpF-LpR and Lp3-Lp4 nested primers (99bp). The PCR results showed positive band for M.leprae in 22 out of 90 (24%) water samples. Water samples from wells that used by leprosy patients showed positive PCR in 11/48 (23%), while 11 out of 42 (26%) water samples from wells that never been used by leprosy cases showed positive result. Statistically there was no difference (p>0.05) in the positivity of M.leprae between the two groups. It was concluded that the existence of M.leprae in the daily water resource was not correlated with the present of leprosy cases in the area. Possible symbiosis between protozoan and mycobacterium in the environment were discussed.]]>
<![CDATA[EVALUATION OF ANTI PCL-1 ANTIBODY TITER IN A GROUP OF HEALTHY SCHOOL CHILDREN WHO LIVE IN LEPROSY ENDEMIC AREA FROM 2007–2010 ]]>
<![CDATA[putri, rachmah diana]]>;
<![CDATA[amiruddin, M. dali]]>;
<![CDATA[tabri, farida]]>;
<![CDATA[Adriaty, Dinar]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[iswahyudi, iswahyudi]]>;
<![CDATA[agusni, indropo]]>;
<![CDATA[izumi, shinzo]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 1 No. 3 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v1i3.2184
<![CDATA[The "Iceberg phenomene” has been used to explain this situation which indicate that these new leprosy cases is originated from Subclinical Leprosy. Fifty eight healthy school children who live in Jeneponto Regency, a leprosy endemic area in South Sulawesi were recruited. The first examination was performed in 2007 and sera samples were kept in deep freeze refrigerator. In 2010 these children were re-examined for clinical leprosy and sera were collected again. ELISA study was performed simultaneously to these 58 pairs of sera (2007 & 2010) for measuring the titer of IgM anti PGL-1 antibody (ELISA) and the level 605u/ml was regarded as cut off value. After three years evaluation, none of these children showed any clinical signs of leprosy, but 20 of 22 ( 90.9%) children were remained sero-positive and only 2 (9.1%) became sero-negatives. In other sites, 5 children that previously sero-negatives became sero-positives after 3 years. Eight of 10 (80%) children who showed sero (+) with high titer (>1.000u/ml) in 2007, were also remained in high titer. The mean titer of 2007 was 627.8 u/ml, and after3 years became 723.9 u/ml (p<0.05). Although there is no progression from Subclinical to Manifest Leprosy cases among these children, the number of sero (+) cases were increased and the mean titer of IgM anti PGL-1 antibody was significantly increased.. The majority who previously showed high anti PGL-1 antibody titer, remained in high level. This study support the "iceberg phenomene” theory in Leprosy.]]>
<![CDATA[TTC Repeats Variation of Mycobacterium leprae Isolates for Analysis of Leprosy Transmission in Leprosy Endemic Area in East Java, INDONESIA ]]>
<![CDATA[Adriaty, Dinar]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Iswahyudi, Iswahyudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Agusni, Indropo]]>;
<![CDATA[Izumi, Shinzo]]>
<![CDATA[ Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v1i1.3722
<![CDATA[East Java province still has some pocket of leprosy endemic areas. In order to solve the problem, molecular typing will make it feasible to study the transmission pattern of Mycobacterium leprae in leprosy endemic area. The present study is to analyze the presence of M.leprae DNA in the environment and to study variation number of TTC repeats and their distribution. Poteran Island is located in Madura, East Java and was chosen because this island has a high prevalence of leprosy and remains stable for the last five years. All samples were analyzed by PCR and the numbers of TTC repeats were confirmed by direct sequencing. Of all collected samples, 26.4% isolates of water resources (24); 61.9% nasal swabs (26); and 35.3% skin tissues (24) are positives. No statistically difference in the pattern distribution of TTC repeats between skin tissues of patients and nasal swab of households contact (p=0.594); also distribution of TTC repeats between skin tissues of leprosy patients and those of water resources (p=0.441); and distribution of TTC repeats between nasal swab of households contact with water resources (p=0.906). It means that the transmission of M.leprae in leprosy endemic area has closely related in 3 aspects: agent, host & environment.]]>
<![CDATA[Mycobacterium leprae Survival Inside Acanthamoeba sp. Isolated from Water Source in Leprosy Endemic Area, Indonesia: Mycobacterium leprae Survival Inside Acanthamoeba sp. ]]>
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Astari, Linda]]>;
<![CDATA[Iswahyudi, Iswahyudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Paling, Sepling]]>;
<![CDATA[Adriaty, Dinar]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurniawati, Siti]]>;
<![CDATA[Aulia, Syifa]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahmatari, Bandaru]]>;
<![CDATA[Prakoeswa, Cita Rosita]]>;
<![CDATA[Agusni, Indropo]]>;
<![CDATA[Izumi, Shinzo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Journal of Tropical Life Science ]]>
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DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.07
<![CDATA[Mycobacterium leprae is an acid-fast bacterium that causes leprosy diseases, which remains a problem worldwide. Even though leprosy prevalence in the world has decreased significantly, many endemic pocket areas continue reporting new cases and harbor M. leprae in the environment, including water and soil. The presence of obligate intracellular bacteria-M. leprae in the environment raises a question on how it survives. Free-living amoeba has been proposed as its reservoir host in the environment. The study was conducted to give evidence that M. leprae can survive inside free-living amoeba isolated from water sources of leprosy endemic areas. M. leprae from leprosy patients was cultured together with Acanthamoeba sp. isolated from the water source of the leprosy endemic area. Viability and duplication of M. leprae inside amoeba then observed at day 14 and 28 using reverse transcriptase PCR and qPCR. The results showed that M. leprae survived inside the amoeba until day 28, but no bacterial replication was observed. The study reveals in vitro evidence of viable M. leprae inside free-living amoeba of leprosy endemic area environment.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH MODEL INQUIRI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH DAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS MAHASISWA ]]>
<![CDATA[Simbolon, Novi Tari]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Damanik, Geby Debora]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL CURERE Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Vol 7, No 1 (2023): Jurnal Curere ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Quality ]]>
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DOI: 10.36764/jc.v7i2.1169
<![CDATA[Matematika sebagai salah satu ilmu dasar, dewasa ini telah berkembang pesat baik materi maupun kegunaannya. Matematika melambangkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dengan menggambarkan bilangan-bilangan dan simbol-simbol serta ketajaman penalaran yang dapat memberi kejelasan dan menyelesaikan permasalahan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu tujuan pembelajaran matematika mengharapkan siswa memiliki kemampuan pemahaman matematika yang baik sehingga siswa mampu untuk mengaplikasikan konsep-konsep yang telah dipahaminya. Pemahaman konsep ini sangat penting karena akan sangat berguna untuk penguasaan materi pada saat proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang peneliti lakukan terhadap proses pembelajaran matematika di universitas quality, menunjukkan bahwa proses pembelajaran matematika masih cenderung berpusat kepada dosen. Saat pembelajaran berlangsung dosen aktif memberikan penjelasan didepan kelas sedangkan siswa hanya mendengarkan, mencatat, dan mengerjakan latihan soal. Dalam pembelajaran matematika yang berlangsung bahan ajar yang dibebankan kepada dosen untuk disampaikan kepada siswa sangat banyak. Dosen cenderung memilih metode pembelajaran yang lebih menekankan bagaimana menyelesaikan beban kurikulum tepat waktu dari pada menerapkan metode pembelajaran yang mengajak siswanya untuk mengembangkan kemampuan diri dalam pembelajaran, Akibatnya adanya kesulitan dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan pemahaman konsep matematis mahasiwa yang diajarkan dosen.]]>
<![CDATA[Pelatihan Dan Penggunaan Alat Peraga Dakota Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Di MIS Al-Ittihadiyah Berastagi ]]>
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Muliani, Eti]]>;
<![CDATA[Simbolon, Novi Tari]]>;
<![CDATA[Saputra, Rangga Hadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Ginting, Milla Aprillianda Br]]>;
<![CDATA[Sembiring, Alfon]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Bangsa Vol. 1 No. 11 (2024): Januari ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Amirul Bangun Bangsa ]]>
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DOI: 10.59837/jpmba.v1i11.657
<![CDATA[Belajar seharusnya tidak menjadi beban bagi manusia, karena manusia dari lahir sampai akhir hidupnya mesti harus belajar. Tetapi masih banyak anak yang tidak suka belajar, dapat dikatakan minat belajarnya kurang khususnya dalam pelajaran matematika. Matematika adalah bagian dari ilmu pengetahuan dan penting dalam kehidupan dan peningkatan ilmu pengetahuan, informasi,dan inovasi. Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di MIS Al-Ittihadiyah Berastagi pada semester Genap tahun Ajaran 2023-2024. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini menggunakan metode pelatihan. Kegiatan pembelajaran berbasis permainan Dakota di ikuti 23 siswa kelas IV. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah menjelaskan penggunaan media pembelajaran Dakota (Dakon Matematika) untuk menarik minat belajar siswa dan mrnghadirkan matematika yang menyenangkan khususnya pada materi KPK (Kelipatan Persekutuan Terkecil) dan FPB (Faktor Persekutuan Terbesar). Terdapat tiga tahapan yang dilakukan yaitu tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini telah memberikan hal positif bagi peserta pengabdian yaitu siswa kelas IV Ms Al-ittihadiyah Berastagi Kabupaten Karo seperti peserta mampu membuat dan menggunakan alat peraga dalam pembelajaran matematika untuk materi KPK dan FPB. Seluruh peserta pengabdian sangat antusias dalam kegiatan ini dilihat dari kerja tim yang kompak, diskusi yang baik dan semangat dalam pembuatan dan penggunaan alat peraga Dakota yang menyenangkan dan tidak membosankan]]>
<![CDATA[BACTERIAL PROFILE AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST AMONG DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS WITH GANGRENE IN SURABAYA ]]>
<![CDATA[Qona`ah, Imro`atul]]>;
<![CDATA[Sundari, Aliyah Siti]]>;
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Indriati, Dwi Wahyu]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Vocational Health Studies Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): March 2024 | JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL HEALTH STUDIES ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Airlangga ]]>
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DOI: 10.20473/jvhs.V7.I3.2024.151-160
<![CDATA[Background: Gangrene is a severe complication of damaged tissue that can occur in people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), putting them at risk for bacterial infection. A pus culture can show diabetic gangrene patients' infecting bacteria. Purpose: Determine the prevalence of infection-causing bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity tests in diabetic gangrene patients at Haji Regional General Hospital, East Java Province, for January-December 2021. Method: The method used in this study is observational analytical cross-sectional, which is based on secondary data and is analyzed using the percentage formula and Chi-Square test. Result: The data obtained from 39 patients revealed 29 (74.4%) positive patients for bacterial infection. The Gram-negative bacteria was found to cause infection more frequently (72.41%) than the Gram-positive bacteria (27.59%). The prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria species most frequently from Escherichia coli (ESBL) 13.79% (4/29), Klebsiella pneumoniae 10.35% (3/29), Proteus mirabilis 10.35% (3/29). While the dominant Gram-positive bacteria a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) 10.35% (3/29). The antibiotic sensitivity test showed that Gram-negative group were susceptible to ertapenem, meropenem, amikacin, gentamicin, and piperacillin tazobactam while resistant to ampicillin and cefazolin. The antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that the Gram-positive group was susceptible to linezolid, vancomycin, and tigecycline while resistant to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: It is important to screen the bacterial profile causing gangrene and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in DM patients in order to give proper treatment to DM patients.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PAPAN PINTAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PESERTA DIDIK SD ]]>
<![CDATA[Wahyuni, Ratna]]>;
<![CDATA[Nasution, Haryati Ahda]]>
<![CDATA[ ALGORITMA: Journal of Mathematics Education Vol 6, No 2 (2024): ALGORITMA Journal of Mathematics Education ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Educational sciences, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta ]]>
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DOI: 10.15408/ajme.v6i2.42756
<![CDATA[AbstractLearning media is very important to bridge abstract Mathematics concepts into a more concrete form. This study aims to examine the impact of using smart board media on mathematics learning outcomes in elementary school, especially on multiplication and division materials. This study uses quantitative data as the type of data. Quantitative data collection was conducted using a test that adopted a pretest and posttest with a control group design to obtain the data. The results showed the impact of using smart board media on math learning achievement. The results showed that the learning outcomes of the experimental class increased more significantly than the control class, with a difference of 7.41. This difference indicates the influence of the learning media applied to students, affecting their learning outcomes. Furthermore, the calculated t value of 2.617 was obtained in the hypothesis test, which is greater than the t table, which is 2.005, so the hypothesis test is accepted. This result confirms that the smart board media effectively improves learners' numeracy skills, especially in multiplication and division. Abstrak Media pembelajaran memiliki peran penting dalam menjembatani konsep matematika yang abstrak menjadi lebih konkret. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan media papan pintar terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa sekolah dasar, khususnya pada materi perkalian dan pembagian. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimen dengan metode posttest only design. Sampel Penelitian ini terdiri dari 30 orang peserta didik pada kelas eksperimen dan 26 orang peserta didik pada kelas kontrol. Data dikumpulkan melalui instrument tes yang telah divalidasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pencapaian hasil belajar siswa di kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dengan selisih rata-rata sebesar 7,41. Uji hipotesis menghasilkan nilai t sebesar 2,617 dengan signifikansi 0,05. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa media papan pintar efektif digunakan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan numerasi siswa. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penggunaan alat pembelajaran inovatif dalam meningkatkan keterlibatan dan pemahaman siswa terhadap matematika.]]>
