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Development and Survivorship of Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Local Rice Varieties from West Sumatra, Indonesia Jufia, Humaira; Hidrayani, Hidrayani; Nelly, Novri
CROPSAVER - Journal of Plant Protection Vol 8, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v8i2.67816

Abstract

Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), or the fall armyworm (FAW), is an invasive and highly polyphagous pest that threatens various food crops, including rice. This study aimed to assess the effects of several local rice cultivars from West Sumatra on the development and survival of S. frugiperda under laboratory conditions. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with five treatments and ten replications. Four local rice cultivars (Cisokan, Batang Piaman, Kuriak Kusuik, and Bujang Marantau) were tested, with corn used as a reference host. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The observed parameters included the duration of each developmental stage, as well as the pre-oviposition, oviposition, and post-oviposition periods, fecundity, egg hatchability, larval survival to the pupal stage, pupal weight, adult emergence, and sex ratio. Host plant species significantly affected all developmental and reproductive parameters of S. frugiperda (p < 0.05). The total developmental duration was shorter on corn (37.20 ± 1.51 days) than on the local rice cultivars, which ranged from 41.54 to 41.90 days. The larval stage lasted longer on rice cultivars (mean 21.40 days) compared with corn (15.86 days). Female longevity and oviposition period were also greater on corn than on rice. Overall survival and the number of females emerging were lower on rice (73.20–78.80 individuals) than on corn (94.20 individuals). These results indicate that S. frugiperda is capable of completing its life cycle on local rice cultivars; however, development is slower, and reproductive potential is reduced compared to corn.
Altitudinal Variation in Trap-Based Abundance of Bactrocera dorsalis in Red Chili Fields of West Sumatra, Indonesia Nguyễn, Phước Sang; Novri Nelly; Reflinaldon
Andalasian International Journal of Entomology Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/aijent.4.1.31-39.2026

Abstract

Altitudinal gradients strongly influence the distribution and abundance of insect pests by affecting microclimate, host availability, and cropping intensity. Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a major constraint to red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) production in Indonesia; however, empirical evidence linking altitude to its field abundance in Sumatra has not been fully elucidated. This study quantified the association between altitude and the abundance patterns of B. dorsalis using field data collected from 33 chili-growing sites across four regencies of West Sumatra, Indonesia, spanning elevations from <15 to 1,571 m above sea level, during the rainy season (October 2024-March 2025). Adult flies were monitored using methyl eugenol-baited modified Lynfield traps. Catch data were analyzed across altitudinal zones using ANOVA, correlation, and linear regression. Trap catches differed significantly among elevation categories (p< 0.05), with higher mean abundance generally recorded in pre-montane sites (>600 m) than in lowland sites (<600 m). Regression analysis indicated a positive association between altitude and trap catches (r = 0.391, p = 0.024), with altitude explaining 15.3% of the variation in abundance (R2 = 0.153), and linear regression indicated a moderate increase in captures with increasing elevation (B = 0.103). K-means clustering of regencies based on mean elevation and total trap catches further separated Solok as a distinct group characterized by higher abundance. These findings demonstrate spatial structuring of B. dorsalis abundance across elevation zones and support the incorporation of elevation-informed surveillance into fruit fly monitoring programs in West Sumatra.
Effect of Defoamer of Botanical Insecticide Nanoemulsion Paramentandiol to Control Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Fadhlurrahman, Rayhan; Lina, Eka Candra; Nelly, Novri
AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 48, No 2 (2026): IN PRESS
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v41i0.4779

Abstract

Formulating a stable para-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) nanoemulsion requires a balanced ratio of active ingredients and surfactants. Increasing the active ingredient may improve efficacy but can reduce stability, while excessive surfactant levels may cause unwanted foaming during application. This study evaluates the use of a defoamer to improve nanoparticle stability and enhance the biological activity of the formulations against Spodoptera frugiperda. The research was conducted in two stages: (1) characterization of particle stability using the DLS method and (2) evaluation of insecticidal activity through the leaf-dip bioassay. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the LSD test; LC50 and LC95 values were determined via Probit analysis using POLO PLUS. The addition of a defoamer significantly improved the physicochemical properties and performance of the PMD nanoemulsion. The formulation achieved a refined particle size of 202.2 nm and a PDI of 0.20, both within acceptable nanoparticle standards. At a concentration of 0.25%, the defoamer-enhanced formulation demonstrated superior biological efficacy, including a 0.07% increase in LC95 efficiency and 3.14% growth inhibition. The treatment reduced pupal formation and adult emergence by 8% and altered the sex ratio. The addition of a defoamer improves the physical properties of the nanoemulsion and its biological efficacy against Spodoptera frugiperda.