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Analisis Penyebab Kesulitan Membaca pada Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar: Analysis of the Causes of Reading Difficulties in Grade IV Elementary School Students Rahmawati Rahmawati; Syarifah Nur Fajrin; Nasaruddin Nasaruddin
Al-Musannif Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Madrasah Tsanawiyah DDI Cilellang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56324/al-musannif.v6i1.130

Abstract

The phenomenon of reading difficulties in upper elementary school students needs a solution. Moreover, the upper elementary school curriculum contains theories and concepts that require students' good reading skills. This study aims to analyze the types, causes, and impacts of reading difficulties in fourth-grade elementary school students. This qualitative study uses a phenomenological approach. Primary data consists of teachers and five fourth-grade students who have reading difficulties. Secondary data are journals and books as a theoretical basis. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using qualitative analysis techniques. The results of the study showed (1) the types of students' reading difficulties are not recognizing letters, not being able to identify words, not being fluent in reading aloud, not understanding the meaning of the text, and not being able to listen to reading, (2) The factors causing students' reading difficulties are family factors, lack of interest and motivation to read, and students' intelligence levels. (3) The reading difficulties experienced by students have a significant impact on students' academic, psychological, and social interactions. This study has implications for the importance of teachers understanding the characteristics of students in "reading" learning. This understanding greatly determines the direction of learning related to methods, strategies, techniques, tactics, and teaching styles.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara Anak Usia 4-5 Tahun Kelompok A Melalui Media Kartu Bergambar Itasari Itasari; Nasaruddin Nasaruddin; Erwin Nurdiansyah
Ihya Ulum: Early Childhood Education Journal Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Ihya Ulum: Early Childhood Education Journal
Publisher : PG PAUD Universitas Islam Makassar | LP2M-UIM | PPJ PAUD (Perhimpunan Pengelola Jurnal PAUD) Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59638/ihyaulum.v3i3.774

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation process and prove the effectiveness of improving the speaking skills of children aged 4–5 years in Group A at TK Islam Al-Fath Makassar through the utilization of flashcard media (picture cards). The background of the problem is based on initial observations indicating low ability to respond to teachers' verbal stimulation, minimal two-way communication, limited vocabulary, and weak oral articulation among children due to conventional and monotonous language learning models. The approach used is Classroom Action Research (CAR) following the Kemmis and McTaggart adaptive spiral model, conducted in two cycles, where each cycle includes the stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects involved 15 preschool children (7 boys and 8 girls). Data were collected through a combination of structured observation techniques and performance assessments, which were then analyzed using quantitative descriptive statistics and the interactive model of qualitative analysis. The results of the intervention demonstrate a significant acceleration in the children's expressive language competency achievement. At the end of Cycle I, the class's average oral ability score only reached 2.02 (Starting to Develop category) due to the dominance of one-way classical instruction. However, after implementing tactical reconstruction based on Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP) principles in Cycle II, the average class speaking skill score jumped drastically to 3.72 (Developing Very Well category). Performance improvements were consistently recorded in the aspects of fluency, vocabulary expansion, logical sentence structure composition, and the children's confidence and courage. The study concludes that the interactive-participatory operationalization of flashcards is highly effective in boosting early childhood speaking skills.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Seni Melalui Tari Kreasi Terhadap Anak Usia Dini Hasra Hasra; Nasaruddin Nasaruddin; Riskal Fitri
Ihya Ulum: Early Childhood Education Journal Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Ihya Ulum: Early Childhood Education Journal
Publisher : PG PAUD Universitas Islam Makassar | LP2M-UIM | PPJ PAUD (Perhimpunan Pengelola Jurnal PAUD) Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59638/ihyaulum.v3i3.779

Abstract

This study aims to improve early childhood artistic skills through the structured implementation of creative dance activities in Group B at TK Bilingual MICI Al Basit. The background of the research is based on empirical conditions in the field indicating rigid and monotonous art learning, which results in low kinesthetic coordination and aesthetic expression among children. The method used in this study is Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in two cycles based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model. Each cycle encompasses four procedural stages: planning, action execution through guided demonstration strategies, observation, and reflection. The research subjects consisted of seven children aged 5–6 years. Data collection techniques were conducted holistically using structured observation sheets and authentic documentation, while data analysis applied a qualitative descriptive approach alongside simple quantitative analysis. The results of the study show a significant and gradual improvement in the children's artistic skills. In the initial condition (pre-action), the children's classical mastery percentage was only 14.28%. After the intervention was provided in Cycle I, the mastery percentage increased to 42.85%. Culminating at the end of Cycle II, the classical mastery percentage soared sharply to reach 85.71%, with the majority of children successfully shifting into the Developing as Expected (BSH) and Developing Very Well (BSB) categories. Qualitatively, the children were able to harmoniously synchronize body movements with the tempo of the music, demonstrate expressive flexibility, and exhibit high self-confidence when performing in groups. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the implementation of play-based creative dance is proven effective in holistically improving early childhood artistic skills and is suitable as an alternative art learning model in early childhood education institutions.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Sains Sederhana Anak Usia Dini Melalui Pencampuran Warna Sunarti Sunarti; Riskal Fitri; Nasaruddin Nasaruddin
Ihya Ulum: Early Childhood Education Journal Vol 3 No 3 (2025): Ihya Ulum: Early Childhood Education Journal
Publisher : PG PAUD Universitas Islam Makassar | LP2M-UIM | PPJ PAUD (Perhimpunan Pengelola Jurnal PAUD) Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59638/ihyaulum.v3i3.783

Abstract

This Classroom Action Research (CAR) is motivated by the low basic science skills of Group B children at TK Asmaul Husnah, which is caused by the dominance of passive, memorization-oriented learning. This study aims to significantly improve early childhood basic science skills through the implementation of color-mixing activities utilizing watercolor media. The research design adopts the Kemmis and McTaggart spiral model conducted in two cycles, where each cycle encompasses the stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects consisted of 15 children in Group B (aged 5–6 years). Data collection techniques were carried out through triangulation, combining structured observations, child development assessment sheets, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed using comparative descriptive analysis techniques to measure the percentage of classical mastery. The results showed a highly significant increase in the children's basic science skills at each stage of the action. The children's classical mastery percentage soared sharply from the initial condition (Pre-Cycle) at 0%, increased to 40.0% (6 children mastered) at the end of Cycle I, and peaked at 93.4% (14 children mastered) at the end of Cycle II. Through a guided inquiry approach, the children were not only able to conduct experiments independently and accurately identify physical color changes, but their explanatory language skills were also stimulated in explaining the cause-and-effect relationship of the formation process of new colors. Based on these empirical findings, it is concluded that color-mixing experimental activities with watercolor media are proven to be highly effective in boosting children's basic science literacy and are recommended as an active learning model in early childhood education institutions.