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All Journal Buletin Udayana Mengabdi Bumi Lestari BERKALA FISIKA Jurnal Keselamatan Radiasi dan Lingkungan Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Indonesian Physical Review Kappa Journal
Gusti Ngurah Sutapa
Program Studi Fisika, Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics Other

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Measurement of Natural and Artificial Radiation as Well as Radiation Applications in The Field of Medical Physics at SMA Negeri II Kuta Badung Bali Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; I Gde Antha Kasmawan; Ida Bagus Made Suryatika; I Made Yuliara; Ni Nyoman Ratini; I Gusti Agung Ayu Ratnawati; Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati; I Ketut Putra; Ni Kadek Nova Anggarani
Kappa Journal Vol 8 No 3 (2024): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v8i3.28254

Abstract

The results of research that have been carried out, especially in the field of medical physics such as X-rays, have been widely utilized in the medical field, especially Radiology Units in Several General and Regional Hospitals. Thus, it is very important to be understood and known by the community, especially the community, in this case the students of SMA Negeri 2 Kuta. In 2022/2023, there are 507 male and 597 female students. Seeing these conditions, surveys and observations were carried out as a result, students had difficulty understanding physics because the physics subject matter was dense, memorized and mathematical. Seeing these results, it is necessary to carry out a new paradigm in physics learning. One of the more appropriate methods is to balance theory learning with field applications such as natural and artificial radiation measurements and applications in the field of medical physics. The results of natural radiation measurements in the classroom and outside the classroom were 0.605 ± 0.0024 and 0.182 ± 0.0008 mSv/year, respectively. The limit of the dosage rate allowed by BAPETEN is 1,000 mSv/year. Natural radiation identified in the classroom and outside the classroom is still declared safe
Determination of Critical Organ Effective Dose in Head CT Scan Examination at Bali Mandara Hospital Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; Winer Johan Bora; I Gde Antha Kasmawan; Ni Kadek Nova Anggarani; I Ketut Putra; Ni Putu Yuni Nurmalasari
Kappa Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v9i1.28471

Abstract

The study aims to determine the effective dose to critical organs in head CT scans at RSUD Bali Mandara and analyse the difference in effective dose between male and female patients and compare it with BAPETEN's normal threshold. Secondary data including current, voltage, CTDIvol, and DLP were collected and grouped by gender. The effective dose was calculated by multiplying DLP by the conversion factor K and CTDIvol by the organ weight factor (WT). The mean effective dose of male patients was 4.35 ± 0.68 mGy, while that of female patients was 4.00 ± 0.53 mGy. The effective dose of critical organs for males was 0.642 mGy and for females 0.613 mGy, with higher doses for males. Statistical analysis using t-test shows the value of tcount < ttable, which indicates that the effective dose in head CT scan examination at RSUD Bali Mandara is still within normal limits according to the BAPETEN DRL standard Number: 1211/K/V/2021.
Pengaruh Focus Film Distance (FFD) terhadap Nilai Uji Kolimasi pada Kolimator Pesawat Sinar-X Stasioner untuk Pemeriksaan Pasien Nathaniel Marcellino; Ni Nyoman Ratini; I Wayan Balik Sudarsana; Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; I. B. Alit Paramarta; I. G. Antha Kasmawan
Kappa Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v9i1.28903

Abstract

A study has been conducted on the effect of Focus Film Distance (FFD) on the collimation test values of stationary X-ray unit collimators for patient examinations. This research aims to determine the extent to which FFD affects collimation test values. The FFD variations used were 90 cm, 95 cm, 100 cm, 105 cm, 110 cm, 115 cm, and 120 cm. There are three tests in the collimation test: illumination test, collimation field discrepancy with X-ray beam, and X-ray beam perpendicularity. The illumination test was conducted using a lux meter, which was then averaged per FFD. The resulting illumination values corresponding to the FFD variations were 425.25 lux, 381.55 lux, 343.90 lux, 311.80 lux, 283.50 lux, 259.45 lux, and 238.20 lux. These results conform to the inverse square law. For the collimation field discrepancy values |dX| and |dY|, corresponding to the FFD variations, the values were 0.68 and 0.62; 0.32 and 0.34; 0.02 and 0.02; 0.10 and 0.08; 0.18 and 0.20; 0.34 and 0.32; 0.48 and 0.50, respectively. The X-ray beam perpendicularity value remained constant for all FFD variations at 1.03º. The values obtained from the three tests comply with the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation No. 1250/MENKES/SK/XII/2009 concerning Quality Control Guidelines for Radiodiagnostic Equipment.
Distribution of Radiation Doses Received by Organs at Risk in Cervical Cancer Using Intracavitary Brachytherapy Technique I Made Raditya Anandika Putra; Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; I Gde Antha Kasmawan; Ni Nyoman Ratini; I Made Satriya Wibawa; I Ketut Putra
Kappa Journal Vol 9 No 2 (2025): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v9i2.29017

Abstract

A study entitled Distribution of Radiation Doses Received by Organs at Risk in Cervical Cancer Using Intracavitary Brachytherapy Technique has been conducted. The study was conducted at the Radiotherapy Sub-Installation of Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital with the aim of determining the distribution of doses received by High Risk Clinical Target Volume (D2cc) and Organs at Risk (D90). Determining the distribution of doses received by High Risk Clinical Target Volume (D2cc) and Organs at Risk (D90) in cervical cancer patients is still within the recommended limits in ICRU Report 89. This study used ionizing radiation by inserting radioactive cobalt-60 using internal radiotherapy techniques, namely intracavitary brachytherapy. Before the irradiation process is carried out, there is a planning stage or Treatment Planning System (TPS). The reference for this research standard is for HRCTV of 95% -107% and for OAR bladder ≤80% rectum ≤75%. The average percentage of dose distribution received by HRCTV was 104.2% which is equivalent to 7.2 Gy which is still within the range of 95%- 107%, in the bladder it was 69.4% which is equivalent to 5.Gy which is still below the value ≤80%, and in the rectum it was 57% which is equivalent to 4.1 Gy which is still below the value ≤75%. The dose distribution value in HRCTV and OAR was still within the tolerance limit listed in the recommended value in GEC-ESTRO-ABS, and ICRU Report 89.
Pengaruh Variasi Arus Tabung (mA) Terhadap Kualitas Citra Pada Pesawat Computed Tomography (CT) Scan di RSUD Bali Mandara I Dewa Ayu Sintiya Biantari; Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; Ida Bagus Alit Paramarta; I Nengah Sandi; Putu Suardana; Ni Komang Tri Suandayani; Hendra Setiawan
Kappa Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v9i1.29378

Abstract

Computed Tomography (CT) Scan is one of the essential diagnostic tools in the medical field. CT scan image quality is represented by the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Contrast-to-Noise Ratio (CNR). This study was conducted to understand the effect of tube current variation on image quality in CT scan examinations. The CT scan parameters were set at an X-ray tube voltage of 120 kV, an exposure time of 1 second, and tube current variations of 100 mA, 200 mA, 300 mA, 400 mA, and 500 mA. From 25 image data obtained from scanning the Tos phantom on the CT scan, data were collected on the average signal intensity of the material, the average signal intensity of the background, and the standard deviation of the background signal intensity obtained from the Region of Interest (ROI) readings on each scanned phantom image. The Pearson correlation test results between tube current and SNR values showed that the Pearson correlation coefficient for polypropylene, nylon, acrylic, delrin, and air were 0.993, 0.992, 0.993, 0.992, and 0.992, respectively. The linear regression correlation coefficient (r) for polypropylene, nylon, acrylic, delrin, and air were also 0.993, 0.992, 0.993, 0.992, and 0.992, respectively. Similarly, the Pearson correlation test results between tube current and CNR values showed that the Pearson correlation coefficient for polypropylene, nylon, acrylic, delrin, and air were 0.992, 0.992, 0.993, 0.992, and 0.992, respectively. The linear regression correlation coefficient (r) for polypropylene, nylon, acrylic, delrin, and air were also 0.992, 0.992, 0.993, 0.992, and 0.992, respectively. These results indicate that for all phantom materials, the tube current value has a strong positive correlation with both SNR and CNR. The SNR and CNR values increase linearly with increasing tube current, suggesting that a higher tube current can improve CT scan image quality.  
Analysis of Radiation Dose Received by Radiation Workers With Physical and Biological Dosimeters in The Radiology Unit of Sanjiwani Hospital Gde Ari Mas Janudinata; Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; I Gde Antha Kasmawan; Ida Bagus Made Suryatika; I Nengah Artawan; Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati
Kappa Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v9i1.29539

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the impact of radiation exposure on the health of radiation workers at RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar over the past five years. The evaluation was conducted through a physical approach, measuring radiation doses using Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD), and a biological approach by analyzing the total leukocyte count and its components, namely neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. The results showed that the highest radiation dose was received by radiology specialists at 0.921 mSv, followed by medical physicists at 0.905 mSv, and radiographers at 0.894 mSv. This variation reflects differences in radiation exposure levels based on each profession's tasks and positions. Leukocyte and component analysis indicated that all values were within normal ranges. Although statistical tests showed significant differences in neutrophil levels between professions, overall radiation doses and leukocyte levels were within the safe limits set by PERKA BAPETEN No. 4 of 2013. The findings underline that radiation protection measures at RSUD Sanjiwani have been effective in minimizing health risks from radiation exposure. However, regular dose monitoring and health evaluations are necessary to ensure long-term protection for radiation workers.  
Analisis Variasi Gantry Terhadap Distribusi Dosis Radiasi Kanker Otak Dengan Teknik Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) Ade Nisa Dali Sinaga; Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; Cory Amelia; Ida Bagus Made Suryatika; Made Yuliara; I Gde Antha Kasmawan; Rozi Irhas
Kappa Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v9i1.29557

Abstract

Penelitian mengenai Analisis Variasi Gantry Terhadap Distribusi Dosis Radiasi Kanker Otak Dengan Teknik Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT). dengan tujuan, untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi jumlah sudut gantry terhadap distribusi dosis pada kasus kanker otak berdasarkan nilai HI,CI pada target kanker serta dosis maksimum pada organ at risk (OAR) menggunakan teknik IMRT. Penelitian dilakukan dengan variasi jumlah sudut gantry 4, 5 dan 6 dengan menggunakan 30 sampel. Kemudian dilakukan analisis data dengan menggunakan uji normalitas dengan uji t satu arah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, distribusi dosis pada PTV dengan nilai HI dan CI untuk variasi jumlah sudut 4,5 dan 6 arah sudut gantry adalah 0,118 dan 0,986; 0,116 dan 0,975; 0,108 dan 0,974. Sedangkan distribusi dosis maksimum OAR pada variasi 4,5 dan 6 arah sudut gantry untuk brainstem 4886,55; 4921,47; 4731,23; Eye R 2676,35; 2830,16; 3123,83; Eye L 3226,19; 3268,59; 3162,92; nervus optikus R 2396,23; 2775,52; 2796,94, nervus optikus L, 2939,97; 2983,12; 2912,47; lens R 789,76; 709,76; 717,32; lens L 738,31; 775,33; 724,02; chiasma, 4153,40; 4460,04; 4020,70. Berdasarkan nilai rata-rata tidak terdapat perbedaan antara nilai hasil perhitungan distribusi dosis dengan nilai ketetapan dosis maksimum dalam Radiation Oncology A Question-Based Review. Hasil penelitin ini menunjukkan bahwa perencanaan lapangan 4 arah sudut gantry memiliki hasil distribusi PTV yang lebih baik dan waktu penyinaran yang lebih siangkat dibandingkan dengan perencanaan 5 dan 6 variasi jumlah arah sudut gantry.
Optimasi Slice Thickness dengan Nilai Signal to Noise Ratio dan Contrast to Noise Ratio untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Citra MRI Genu Agnes Maria Salvi Anastasia Victor; Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; A. A. Ngurah Gunawan; I Nengah Sandi; Ni Nyoman Rupiasih; I Nengah Simpen
Kappa Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v9i1.29591

Abstract

Research has been conducted on the effect of slice thickness variation on the quality of Genu MRI images. This study was conducted at the Radiology Installation of Bali Mandara Hospital using primary data from Genu MRI examination results.The independent variable in this study is the variation of slice thickness values of 3, 5, and 7 mm. There were 30 patientsmeasured and the tissues analyzed were ligament, bone, fat, and noise as background using the ROI method and the segmentation results wereresults were taken at the mean value and standard deviation in the background. The difference in SNR and CNR values due to variations in slice thickness values can be tested using the Factorial Anova test. The results of this study obtained that there is an effect of slice thickness variation on SNR and CNR values that will have an impact on the quality of MRI Genu images. The greater the slice thickness value analyzed, the greater the SNR and CNR values produced and the better the image quality. In ligament tissue, the average SNR values of 3, 5 and 7 mm are 23.830; 36.594; and 50.524, respectively. In bone tissue, 191.352; 277.399, and 344.170 were obtained. In fat tissue, SNRs of 9,460, 292,022, and 367,463 were obtained. Changing the slice thickness will directly affect the SNR. It can be seen that the higher the slice thickness value given, the higher the SNR and CNR values for each tissue evaluated and the longer the scanning time required. In the slice thickness variation.
Radiation Dose Determination and Body Mass Index (BMI) Evaluation in Abdomen CT Scan Examination Patients Using the Size-Specific Dose Estimate (SSDE) Method I Made Gede Mas Prawistya Putra; Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; I Gde Antha Kasmawan; Ida Bagus Made Suryatika; I Gusti Agung Putra Adnyana; I Nengah Simpen
Kappa Journal Vol 9 No 1 (2025): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v9i1.29592

Abstract

A study has been conducted on determining radiation doses and evaluating body mass index (BMI) in patients undergoing CT-Scan Abdomen examinations using the Size Specific Dose Estimate Method at the Bali Mandara Radiology Installation. One of the factors that influences the radiation dose received by patients is the Body Mass Index (BMI). The Size Specific Dose Estimate (SSDE) method is used to assess radiation doses based on patient size, which is often associated with BMI. This study aims to determine the estimated radiation dose of each patient and evaluate the relationship between BMI and the dose received. This study used a CT-Scan brand SIEMENS SOMATOM PERSPECTIVE (serial number 78068). The population in this study were patients undergoing CT-Scan Abdomen examinations. The sample consisted of several BMI categories, namely thin, normal, overweight, and obese. The analysis was carried out using linear regression to measure the relationship between BMI and SSDE, as well as a one-way t-test to see the difference in the average SSDE value in each BMI category. The results showed that each increase in one BMI category caused an increase in SSDE values ​​of 1,566 mGy. The R² value of 98.56% indicated that the BMI category explained almost all of the variability in SSDE values. However, a one-way t-test statistic showed that there was no significant difference in the average SSDE values ​​in the thin, normal, overweight, and obese categories (F count <F table, so H₀ was accepted). This study showed that patients with higher BMI tended to receive higher radiation doses, but the differences between categories were not statistically significant.
Uji Kesesuaian Alat Proteksi Radiasi Berdasarkan Nilai Exposure Index (EI) di Rumah Sakit Bali Mandara Chasbas Putra Tamba; Gusti Ngurah Sutapa; Ketut Putra; Nengah Sandi; I Wayan Gede Suharta; I Gde Antha Kasmawan
Kappa Journal Vol 10 No 1 (2026): Kappa Journal
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/kpj.v10i1.31760

Abstract

A study has been conducted on the suitability test of radiation protection equipment based on the Exposure Index (EI) at Bali Mandara Hospital. The data used in this study are primary data obtained by conducting X-ray irradiation on PPE, namely Apron, Gonad Shield, thyroid Shield, gloves, and glasses using an X-ray machine. Then the irradiation results are processed using a CR system machine to obtain EI values using variations in tube voltage of 80 Kv, 100 Kv, 130 Kv, and a time current of 18 mAs. From the results of the analysis that has been carried out, the average EI value was obtained with a tube voltage of 80 kV for Apron 1004.60 ± 1.72, gonad shield 1302.80 ± 1.94, Thyroid shield 1444.60 ± 1.63, glasses 1375.40 ± 1.72, gloves 1478.60 ± 0.93, for a tube voltage of 100 kV the EI value for the apron was 1511.20 ± 1.24, gonad shield 1697.80 ± 1.65, thyroid shield 1810.60 ± 1.57, glasses 1598.60 ± 1.33, gloves 1819.40 ± 0.75, for a tube voltage of 130 kV 1831.00±1.41, gonad shield 2090.60±1.21, thyroid shield 2129.00±2.00, glasses 2980.20±1.07, gloves 2114.00±1.41. The EI value obtained using 80 kV tube voltage is still within the limits set by PERKA BAPETEN No.8 of 2011, namely 1300-1800
Co-Authors A. A. Ngurah Gunawan A. A. Ngurah Gunawan Ade Nisa Dali Sinaga Ade Rama Ditya Arsana Karang Adnyana, I Gusti Agung Putra Agnes Maria Salvi Anastasia Victor Anastasia Jessing Gamalita Mberato Artawan, I Nengah Asril Hanzani Aulia Nur Aisah Ayu Ratnawati, I Gusti Agung Balik Sudarsana Br Ginting, Venesia Sesilia Chasbas Putra Tamba Choirul Anam AM Diponegoro Cory Amelia Djarwani Soejoko Eka Saputra Else Putri Ayu Prameswari Elshaday S.B Siregar Farah Sukmana Gde Ari Mas Janudinata Hendra Setiawan Hery Suyanto Huki, Pascalia Agno Marina I Dewa Ayu Sintiya Biantari I Gde Antha Asmawan I Gde Antha Asmawan I Gde Antha Kasmawan I Gusti Agung Ayu Ratnawati I Gusti Agung Ngurah Ari Kusuma Putra I Ketut Putra I Ketut putra, I Ketut I Made Gede Mas Prawistya Putra I Made Hendra Hadinata I Made Raditya Anandika Putra I Made Yuliara I Nengah Artawan I Nengah Sandi I Nengah Sandi I Nengah Simpen I Nyoman Pranditayana I Nyoman Yosua I Putu Surya Dharma Negara I Putu Tedy Indrayana I Putu Tedy Indrayana I Putu Wesa Angga Jaya I Wayan Balik Sudarsana I Wayan Balik Sudarsana I Wayan Balik Sudarsana I Wayan Balik Sudarsana I Wayan Balik Sudarsana I Wayan Balik Sudarsana I Wayan Balik Sudarsana I Wayan Balik Sudarsana I Wayan Gede Suharta I Wayan Putu Sutirta Yasa I Wayan Supardi I. B. Alit Paramarta I. G. Antha Kasmawan I. M. Yuliara I. M. Yuliara I.M. Yuliara Ida Ayu Putu Aristia Hutami Ida Bagus Alit Paramarta Ida Bagus Alit Paramartha Ida Bagus Made Suryatika Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba Ida Bagus Putu Priastana Bawa Ida Bagus Suryatika Johanes J. Silalahi Kadek Miniati Kadek Sumaja Kadek Yuda Astina Ketut Putra Komang Ngurah Suarbawa M. Zully Amrul Hadi Made Yuliara Maghfirottul Iffah Mega Wahyu N. L. P. Trisnawati Nabilla Fatimah Nathaniel Marcellino Nengah Sandi NEVIATY PUTRI ZAMANI Ni Kadek Ayu Asari Dewi Ni Kadek Nova Anggarani Ni Komang Tri Suandayani Ni Komang Tri Suandayani Ni Komang Tri Suandayani Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati Ni Luh Putu Trisnawati NI LUH WIDYASARI Ni Made Purmita Sari Ni Nyoman Ratini Ni Nyoman Rupiasih Ni Nyoman, Ratini Ni Putu Aprillia Artanti Phalosa Ni Putu Pande Anita Yulianti Ni Putu Winiayu Veramika Ni Putu Yuni Nurmalasari Ni Putu Yuni Nurmalasari Ni Wayan Ekayani Nurfaizah Nurfaizah Nyoman Wendri Paranditayana, I Nyoman Poniman, S. Pranditayana, I Nyoman Prayuda, I Made Ardi Putu Gede Agus Krisna Yogantara Putu Suardana Ramadan Purnama, Muhammad Mada Retianingsih Oeta Ulan Romadhon Ilham Imani Rozi Irhas Rozi Irhas Rozi Irhas Rozi Irhas Rozi Irhas Rozy Irhaz Sanjaya Natadiredja Sari, Kamelin Diah Satriya Wibawa, I Made Setiono, Made Budi Suandayani, Ni Komang Tri Sudarsan, I Wayan Balik Sudarsana, I Wayan Balik Sukarasa, I Ketut Sylvia Ariska Susanti Titik Purwanti Tjahyo Baskoro, Winardi Trisnawati, Ni Luh Putu Wayan Balik Sudarsana Wayan Balik Sudarsana Wayan Balik Sudarsana Wayan Balik Sudarsana Widiana, I Komang Widianingsih, Ni Kadek Indah Widya Karulina Imanda Muhamad Winer Johan Bora Yohana Dian Savitri Yuli Asri Yuliara, I Made Zofi Dwi Prihatini