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RESPON INDONESIA TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN ORGANISASI MELANESIAN SPEARHEAD GROUP Sinka Ernes Milanova; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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The protracted conflict for Free Papua has become a problem that has not been resolved until now. This separatist movement greatly disturbed Indonesian sovereignty. Indonesia is trying to solve problems safely, peacefully, and effectively, one of which is by joining the Melanesian Spearhead Group. This study discusses the influence and how Indonesia's steps change its status from observer to associate member at the MSG. To provide more specific accuracy to the results, researchers use the liberalism paradigm and diplomacy theory as a primary reference for research to clarify the effect of changes in Indonesia's status on MSG foreign policy on the issue of an independent Papua and steps to change Indonesia's position in the MSG. The analysis was carried out by analyzing documents, books, officially published journals, news, and Twitter. The results showed that changes in Indonesia's membership status from observer to associated member led to changes in the dynamics of foreign policy taken by the Melanesian Spearhead Group organization due to differences in rights and obligations held in each position in the Melanesian Spearhead Group. Associate member status allows Indonesia to provide foreign assistance regarding social and economic aspects, weakening their movement and intervention. Disagreements and conflicts among members have caused the agenda for an independent Papua to no longer be the main agenda in MSG discussions. Keywords: Separatism, Free Papua, International Organization, Melanesian Spearhead Group.
KEPENTINGAN YUNANI BERGABUNG KE DALAM CHINA-CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COOPERATION (CCEEC) TAHUN 2019 Rachmaesya Maulya; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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The global financial crisis experienced by the world has had an impact on the stability of the Greek economy, causing Greece to face debt default. Forcing the Greek gov-ernment to change the direction of the economy by warmly welcoming investment from Chinese companies. China has expressed interest in the port of Pireaus which is an important route for China to enter the European market. China formed subregional cooperation in Eastern and Central Europe and persuaded Greece to join and prom-ised Greek economic stability to return. In discussing the problem of this research, the author uses qualitative research methods, data collected using data library research, with the perspective of neoliberal-ism and the state as the level of analysis and supported by the theory of international cooperation. The results of this study show that there are economic and political influences in the cooperation between Greece and China through CCEEC. Greece decided to join the CCEEC in order to restore the Greek economy that had been devastated by the debt crisis. The cooperation carried out includes investing in the development of Greek state infrastructure and stabilizing the Greece. Keywords: Cooperation CCEEC, Economic Crisis, China, European Union
STRATEGI AMERIKA SERIKAT MEMBENDUNG PENGARUH REPUBLIK RAKYAT TIONGKOK DI KAWASAN LAUT CINA SELATAN PADA MASA PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDEN DONALD TRUMP Muhammad Nizar Hamdi Nasution; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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People's Republic of China in the South China Sea Region. After China's claims and military infiltration on islands in the South China Sea, it has created tension from several countries in the region, including the United States. The United States began implementing a series of strategies to stem China's hegemony in the South China Sea, which has the ambition to become a global power country. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method. This qualitative research method has characteristics that understand, explain and describe the state of a fact. Data were taken from book documents, national and international scientific journals, official publications, and the internet. The results of this study indicate that the United States during the Trump Administration was influenced by several factors in making policies. The writer sees this based on the foreign policy theory of James N. Rosenau which the writer uses. The United States carried out a series of policies to stem China's influence starting from the political, economic, diplomatic and military dimensions. The United States conducted a series of agreements and negotiations related to military assistance and development in several countries around the region through the Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP) policy. On the military side, the United States sent its navy to conduct a series of navigation operations around islands claimed by China in the South China Sea. Keywords: South China Sea, America, China, Containment
DIPLOMASI PUBLIK INDONESIA DALAM MENJADIKAN KALDERA TOBA SEBAGAI UNESCO GLOBAL GEOPARK Laposa Mirta Dea Roja; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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ABSTRACT The super volcanic eruption of the Toba Volcano 74,000 years ago had a significant impact on the world. The enormity of the eruption, made the geographical conditions of the Toba Volcano area turn into a large caldera and currently known as the Toba Caldera. Toba Caldera has a unique geological, biological and cultural diversity so that this area has the potential to become a tourism area. The Indonesian government has made the Toba Caldera as one of the Super Priority Tourism Destinations (DPSP) so that the Geopark concept is the most strategic choice to preserve and utilize the Toba Caldera area. The Geopark concept put forward is triggered by the UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp) program which is able to bring Geopark areas to countries in the world to experience a rapid increase in the number of tourist visits. Recognizing this phenomenon, the Indonesian government uses public diplomacy as an effort to obtain global Geopark certification from UNESCO. This study uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques sourced from interviews, several books, journals, research documents, articles, internet pages and other relevant sources. This study also uses the perspective of Neoliberalism with the theory of Diplomacy which puts forward the concept of Public Diplomacy. The results of this study indicate that Indonesian public diplomacy through news management, strategic communication, and relationship building has an important role in making the Toba Caldera a UNESCO Global Geopark. Through public diplomacy, the government is able to fulfill the substantial prerequisites from UNESCO, namely community empowerment in preserving geological heritage and utilizing it in the tourism sector. In addition, Indonesia is also able to communicate the new image of the Toba Caldera as 5 Super Caldera Toba Geoparks (Supervolcano, Super Big Volcanic Lake, Super Beautiful Landscape, Super Unique Cultural Heritage, and Super Unique Biodiversity) to the world community. Keywords: Geopark, Public Diplomacy, Toba Caldera, UNESCO
RESPON UNI EROPA TERHADAP INVASI RUSIA DI UKRAINA TAHUN 2021-2022 Charisya "; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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The European Union is an entity that is very concerned about the implementation of human rights by countries in the world. Russia's invasion of Ukraine has led to violations of humanity, especially in Ukraine. The adverse impacts from a humanitarian, infrastructural and economic perspective prompted the author to examine how the European Union responds to human rights violations in Ukraine. To discuss the topic of responses to human rights violations that occurred, qualitative methods were used by collecting secondary data from books, journals, official publications of official government and non-government institutions, news from newspapers, or other reliable sources. The discussion uses the perspective of liberalism and diplomacy theory. The results of the study show that the European Union is very responsive in dealing with human rights violations in Ukraine. The policy of sanctions and invitations from the international community to punish or condemn Russia shows the European Union's serious determination. Handling victims affected within Ukraine by sending personnel and logistics in large numbers with a significant budget. German acceptance of nearly 1,055,323 Ukrainian refugees with very adequate facilities without hindrance from anti-refugee groups in Germany. The European Union is also providing €668 million in humanitarian aid to help civilians affected by the war in Ukraine.. Keywords: Invasion of Russia, Ukraine, European Union, Human Rights, Sanctions, Aid.
IMPLEMENTASI SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGs) MENGENAI CLIMATE ACTION OLEH SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (SPREP) DI NEGARA KIRIBATI Nia Anggreni; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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The South Pacific region, especially the country of Kiribati, is threatened with drowning due to rising sea levels due to the effects of climate change. The Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment (SPREP) is healing the fears of countries in the South Pacific to overcome and be useful for handling the impacts of climate change. SPREP's vision and mission are in line with SDGs Point 13. The purpose of this research is to find out the role played by SPREP in implementing (SDGs) point 13 regarding climate action in the country of Kiribati. This study uses a pluralism perspective, with a country analysis level. This study also uses international organization theory. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with data collection techniques using literature and various literature that refers to books, journals, and sites on the internet. The results of the study show that SPREP has implemented SDGs Point 13 regarding climate action in Negra Kiribati, evidence of SPREP's role in implementing this can be seen by the running of several programs. Some of these programs have succeeded in implementing the 3 targets of SDGs Point 13, this can be seen by the implementation of the collaboration between SPREP and the Kiwa Initiative in assisting funding for countries in the South Pacific region which will make programs related to sustainable development, especially the environment and handling impacts climate change which is in line with target 1. Target 2 is implemented by looking at the progress of COSPPac and ROK-PI ClipS, these two programs make it very easy for the public as well as researchers to see very complete reports regarding rainfall, sea conditions, and matters related to climate those in the South Pacific especially in Kiribati that way national planning will be easier to make. Target 3 can be seen from the implementation of COSPPac and ROK-PI ClipS where these two programs will facilitate access to information related to sea and climate conditions so that countries in the Pacific will receive early warning regarding the impacts of climate change that will occur. Keywords: Climate Change, SPREP, SDGs 13, Kiribati
KEBIJAKAN TIONGKOK DALAM MENGATASI HUMAN TRAFFICKING STUDI KASUS: MAIL ORDER BRIDE TAHUN 2015-2019 Julianis "; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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The One Child Policy, which was enforced from 1979 to 2015, was aimed at controlling China's population and economic growth. The one child policy in China has caused an imbalance in the male and female population where the number of males exceeds around 25%. Considering that marriage is an important thing in Chinese culture, the shortage of women is resolved by mail order brides which cause many problems, especially the occurrence of human trafficking. This paper discusses the strategies used to overcome these problems and the results. This study uses qualitative methods, with data collection techniques through document analysis sourced from several books, journals, final assignments, documents and websites. This study uses the perspective of Constructivism and International Cooperation Theory. The results of the study show China's success in carrying out several collaborations, namely multilateral cooperation with the United Nations, bilateral cooperation with Indonesia and Vietnam, as well as cooperation with regional organizations in its region, namely COMMIT. This success can be seen in the UNHR (United Nations Human Rights) Universal Periodic Review of China in 2019. Keyword : Mail Order Bride, International Cooperation, Policy
Implementasi Program Kerja Australia – Indonesia Partnership for Gender Equality (MAMPU) dalam Mengurangi Angka Perkawinan Anak di Indonesia Tahun 2018 – 2020 Rizka Kumala Sari; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih; Yusnarida Eka Nizmi
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/innovative.v3i2.513

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Praktik perkawinan anak merupakan salah satu bentuk pelanggaran hak asasi manusia, hampir seluruh negara di dunia sepakat bahwa perkawinan anak mengacu pada perkawinan yang dilakukan antara anak yang masih berada dibawah usia 18 tahun dengan orang dewasa atau anak lainnya. Australia-Indonesia Partnership for Gender Equality and Women Empowerment (MAMPU) menjadi salah satu kerjasama antara pemerintah Australia - DFAT (The Australian Department of Foreign Affairs & Trade) dengan pemerintah Indonesia – BAPPENAS yang bertujuan salah satunya mengurangi kekerasan terhadap perempuan, termasuk didalamnya isu perkawinan anak dengan mendukung strategi nasional pemerintah dalam upaya menurunkan angka perkawinan anak di Indonesia.Menggunakan teknik analisis dokumen (document analysis) dengan cara mencari data dengan menggunakan sumber tertulis yang mencerminkan pemakaian bahasa sinkronis. Penulis juga menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan serta menguraikan secara sistematis dan mendalam mengenai bagaimana pelaksanaan program kerja Australia – Indonesia Partnership for Gender Equality (MAMPU) dalam mengurangi angka Perkawinan Anak di Indonesia Tahun 2018 – 2020.Terlepas adanya perbedaan pandangan mengenai perkawinan anak, pelaksanaan program kerja MAMPU dalam mengurangi angka perkawinan anak tetap berjalan dengan melibatkan pemangku kebijakan, masyarakat dan para mitra yang terlibat.
IMPLEMENTASI TROPICAL FOREST CONSERVATION ACTION SUMATERA (TFCA-S) DALAM KONSERVASI HUTAN RIAU (2017-2020) Bayta Nur Afni; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Vol. 10: Edisi I Januari - Juni 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau

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ABSTRACT This research was motivated by deforestation in Indonesia and was carried out by analyzing the implementation of the TFCA-S program. This Program created by the United States and Indonesia, as an effort to conserve tropical forests with the Debt for Nature Swap funding mechanism model in Sumatra, especially Riau. One of the Debt for Nature Swap programs in Indonesia is TFCA-Sumatera. The use of the Debt for Nature Swap funding mechanism is considered as an alternative for developing countries. The conceptual famework of this research is to use the theory of Foreign Assistance and the Debt for Nature Swap concept. The research method used is a qualitative research method, where data collection was through interviews and literature studies. The conclusions from this research where the TFCA-Sumatra program initiated by the United States and Indonesia can be an alternative effort to preserve Indonesia's forests and biodiversity (in this case especially Riau), and also extensive from the threat of deforestation, extinction of wildlife, and climate change. local, regional and global climate. Keywords: Implementation, Forest Conservation, TFCA-S Program, Debt for Nature Swap
Edukasi Pengenalan dan Pencegahan Kekerasan Seksual Kepada Siswa Sebagai sebagai Upaya Responsif Mengantisipasi Darurat Kekerasan Seksual di Lingkungan Sekolah Yusnarida Eka Nizmi; Yessi Olivia; Nur Laila Meilani; Umi Oktyari Retnaningsih; Hesti Asriwandari
Madaniya Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Studi Bahasa dan Publikasi Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53696/27214834.496

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Jumlah kasus pelecehan dan kekerasan seksual di Indonesia telah mencapai tahap yang memprihatinkan. Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia dalam laporannya mengatakan bahwa pada tahun 2019 terdapat 123 kasus kekerasan seksual yang terjadi di seluruh level pendidikan, dasar, menengah, hingga menengah atas. Fakta yang menyedihkan ini bahkan mendorong Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Indonesia untuk mendeklarasikan bahwa lingkungan pendidikan Indonesia tengah memasuki masa darurat kekerasan seksual. Kekerasan seksual adalah masalah yang sangat berdampak terhadap kesehatan fisik dan mental seseorang. Namun begitu, banyak korban kekerasan seksual yang ragu untuk melapor karena ketidakpahaman mereka tentang apa yang dimaksud dengan kekerasan seksual atau bagaimana cara melapor karena mereka diliputi rasa malu. Untuk mencegah pelecehan dan kekerasan seksual di sekolah, kerja sama dan komitmen dari para pemangku kebijakan sangat diperlukan. Sekolah seharusnya menjadi tempat yang aman untuk anak-anak belajar dan bermain dan mereka harus dilindungi dari ancaman seperti kekerasan seksual. Oleh karena itu dalam rangka meningkatkan pemahaman anak sekolah menengah atas tentang kekerasan dan pelecehan seksual, kami menjalankan kegiatan workshop sehari di SMA Negeri 1 Tambang, Kampar. Di dalam workshop tersebut, siswa dikenalkan dengan informasi terkait dengan kekerasan seksual dan bagaiman meresponnya. Siswa juga didorong untuk menyampaikan pendapatnya tentang masalah kekerasan seksual ini.