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Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Supernatan Bacillus subtilis dengan Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) Kurniawan, Dhadhang Wahyu; Farahnida, Alfia Nayudia; Sulaeman, Uyi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Vol 11, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/ijpst.v11i3.46594

Abstract

Pemanfaatan supernatan Bacillus subtilis kini telah banyak dimanfaatkan dalam bidang kesehatan sebagai probiotik karena mengandung senyawa bakteriosin serta enzim enzim. Senyawa tersebut mampu menghambat mikroorganisme lain dan mudah terdegradasi oleh enzim proteolitik. Pemanfaatan nanopartikel polimer cukup efektif untuk melindungi probiotik dari kondisi gastrointestinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat sediaan nanopartikel supernatan B. subtilis dengan pembawa PLGA dan dilakukan karakterisasi. Nanopartikel dibuat dengan metode solvent evaporation menggunakan variasi konsentrasi PLGA. Hasil karakterisasi nanopartikel supernatan B. subtilis memiliki ukuran nanopartikel 545,45 ± 90,73 nm dengan nilai indeks polidispersitas (PDI) kategori monodisperisi yaitu 0,503 ± 0,065 dan zeta potensial -14,57 ± 3,08 mV. Morfologi yang dihasilkan berbentuk sferis dan cukup seragam. Analisis Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) menunjukkan pita-pita spektrum mirip dengan nanopartikel PLGA dan menunjukkan beberapa puncak spesifik supernatan B. subtilis dengan sedikit pergeseran. Analisis Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) pada termogram tidak menunjukkan adanya puncak endotermik dari supernatan B. subtilis. Formulasi nanopartikel supernatan B. subtilis telah ter-loading-kan ke dalam sistem nanopartikel melalui analisis FTIR dan DSC.
Etiology and Antifungal Sensitivity Test in Otomycosis Caused by Candida Sp Darmawan, Anton Budhi; Krisniawati, Nia; Widhi, Anriani Puspita Karunia Ning; Hestiyani, Rani Afifah Nur; Kurniawan, Dhadhang Wahyu; Darmayan, Bella Jovita
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 55, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v55n4.3337

Abstract

Otomycosis is a common fungal infection of the external auditory meatus frequently diagnosed in otolaryngology outpatient clinics. Resistance to antifungals is currently a significant concern, with intrinsic and acquired resistance increasing among isolates that cause fungal infections. The purpose of this research was to identify Candida species causing otomycosis and determine the pattern of antifungal susceptibility among these Candida species. A prospective study was conducted in the Margono Soekarjo General Hospital and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto, Indonesia, from April – September 2022. Forty-seven (47) clinical samples of otomycosis were collected from 41 patients and then isolated bedside on fungal culture media and was prepared on an object glass for direct microscopic examination of the specimens. Fungal identification was performed using 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) to observe fungal elements. Samples were cultured on Saboraud dextrose agar (SDA) media with chloramphenicol and Czapek dox agar. The Germ Tube Test was used to identify Candida while yeast-specific identification and antifungal susceptibility assay using a rapid commercial kit was applied for specific identification of the fungus. Antifungal susceptibility patterns were obtained using the Integral System Yeast Plus (ISYP) media pack. Candida parapsilosis was the most prevalent Candida species discovered in this study, accounting for approximately 41.66%, which was followed by Candida tropicalis (25%) and Candida krusei (12.5%), whereas Candida albicans only accounted for 4.1% of the specimens. All Candida species were sensitive to flucitosine and ketoconazole, whereas the voriconazole sensitivity rate reached 96%.  This study concludes that Candida parapsilosis is the most prevalent species of Candida in otomycosis, and that all Candida species are sensitive to Flucitosine, ketoconazole, and voriconazole.
Formulation of a sheet mask essence incorporating Betel leaf (Piper betle L.) ethanol extract and its antibacterial efficacy against Propionibacterium acnes Wulandari, Annisa Dyah; Sunarto, Sunarto; Kurniawan, Dhadhang Wahyu
Pharmaciana Vol. 15 No. 1 (2025): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v15i1.27466

Abstract

Betel leaf (Piper betle L.) encompasses a multitude of bioactive constituents, including tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which possess significant antibacterial properties. An ethanol extract derived from betel leaf was meticulously formulated and assessed for its potential as an antibacterial agent specifically targeting Propionibacterium acnes, a bacterium associated with the etiology of acne. This investigation was undertaken with the aim of mitigating the antibiotic resistance commonly observed with traditional acne therapies. The ethanol extract of betel leaf was incorporated into a sheet mask essence, resulting in the development of four distinct formulations (F0, F1, F2, and F3), which were subsequently subjected to comprehensive evaluations of their physical quality and stability. The formulation exhibiting optimal physical characteristics and stability was further scrutinized for its antibacterial efficacy against Propionibacterium acnes. The antibacterial performance of the selected formulation was benchmarked against a positive control comprising a sheet mask infused with clindamycin gel, as well as another containing tea tree oil. Empirical results identified Formula 2, containing 1.5% ethanol extract of betel leaf, as the most efficacious formulation. Formula 2 demonstrated pronounced antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, with an inhibitory zone measuring 24.67 mm. Although this inhibitory zone was slightly less extensive than that produced by the clindamycin gel sheet mask (32.00 mm), it was comparable to the tea tree oil sheet mask, which exhibited an inhibitory zone of 23.00 mm. In conclusion, the selected sheet mask formulation (Formula 2) exhibits significant antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, surpassing the efficacy of commercially available tea tree oil sheet masks, thereby presenting a promising alternative for acne management with a diminished risk of promoting antibiotic resistance.
Artificial Intelligence for Detecting Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Gifari, Muhammad Wildan; Ramadhani, Yogi; Kurniawan, Dhadhang Wahyu
Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Vol. 12, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an inflammatory disease of the liver, has recently raised concern among healthcare professionals worldwide due to its asymptomatic features, making early diagnosis challenging. If left unnoticed, NASH often progresses to lethal diseases such as liver fibrosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent developments in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) might facilitate the early diagnosis of NASH in a more efficient manner, forming a promising strategy to diagnose patients. In simple terms, AI is any machine that is capable of human-level intelligence, including visual perception, speech recognition, or decision making. A subclass of AI, which particularly deals with knowledge-based systems to find a relationship between different datasets, is called machine learning (ML). ML is based on the capability of a system to define or learn a relationship between the input and output data and then apply the learned relationship to any future datasets with a similar structure. The capability to maintain and analyze large datasets and aid in the prediction of outcomes makes ML particularly interesting for the application in NASH by, for instance, analyzing image data from patients, using biomarkers to predict clinical disease progression or by determining the efficacy of applied therapeutics. In this review, we will highlight the recent developments in the AI-based diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases. First, we provide a brief introduction to AI and ML before generalizing the use of AI in the diagnosis and treatment of different liver diseases. Then, we will specifically elaborate on the use of AI in the detection of NASH and its precursor, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), focusing on the prediction and diagnosis of NASH and NAFLD as well as on the automation of imaging processes. Finally, we will highlight the clinical importance of AI in the detection of NASH before concluding with the future challenges for the application of AI in the field of NASH detection and treatment.
TORBANGUN (Coleus amboinicus) LEAF AS POTENTIAL NEWCOMER IN GALACTOGOGUE OR BREASTMILK BOOSTER: A NARRATIVE REVIEW Yudhawan, Indra; Daniel, Vino; Cahyaningrum, Putri Khaerani; Fadlilah, Synta Haqqul; Suhartomo, Dalri Muhammad; Wahyudi, Ari; Putra, Akwila Albert Dakusha; Pratiwi, Intan Diah; Hawwin, Nur; Kurniawan, Dhadhang Wahyu
Mandala Of Health Vol 18 No 1 (2025): Mandala of Health: A scientific Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mandala.2025.18.1.16222

Abstract

The postpartum period is a critical phase for infant development, and one of the challenges during this time is inadequate or absent lactation, which leads to insufficient breast milk (ASI) production. Baby’s growth and development require an adequate amount of nutrition, especially during 6 months of life. Breast Milk is the most fundamental food for babies, and offers complete nutrition for growth and development. However, some mothers are unable to produce enough breast milk for the baby and need to take supplements to stimulate their milk production. Torbangun or Bangun-bangun (Coleus amboinicus) leaf is empirically used to increase milk production in some areas of Indonesia. Although, the use of torbangun is not widely used and known. This research offers an investigation and review of many references to find out the current research on torbangun, especially in association with breast milk production. The result shows that there are quite a lot of research has been done related to torbangun in increasing breast milk. Torbangun has proven to have significant potential as a supplement for increasing breast milk production. The research is still in a preliminary study and there is still a few research that could elucidate the mechanism of action of torbangun as galactogogue, the accuracy of dosage, phytochemical compound, and its safety. Therefore, further research is strongly suggested to elucidate this aspect, especially in dosage, standardization, mechanism of action, scientific formulation, phytochemical compound along with its activity and its safety.
Formulation and Evaluation of Soursop (Annona muricata) Leaf Extract Nanoemulgel Against Propionibacterium acnes Ikramina, Nabila; Rehana, Rehana; Prasetya, Rahmad Aji; Kurniawan, Dhadhang Wahyu
Borneo Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 7 No. 4 (2024): Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v7i4.5977

Abstract

Annona muricata (soursop) leaves are rich in antimicrobial compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and phenols. This study aimed to develop a nanoemulgel formulation incorporating A. muricata leaf ethanol extract to enhance its efficacy against Propionibacterium acnes, a bacterium associated with acne vulgaris. Four nanoemulgel formulations containing varying concentrations of the extract (0%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 1%) were prepared and evaluated for their physical properties (organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, and viscosity) and stability through freeze-thaw cycles. The formulation with the highest extract concentration (Formula III) was selected for further characterization (particle size, morphology, and zeta potential) and antimicrobial testing against P. acnes. All formulations met the established physical property and stability criteria. Formula III exhibited a particle size of 20.5 nm and a zeta potential of 9.8 mV, indicating a stable nanoemulsion with well-dispersed particles. Antimicrobial testing revealed that Formula III demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect against P. acnes, with an average inhibition zone of 19.00 mm. These findings suggest that A. muricata leaf extract-loaded nanoemulgel has the potential to be a promising topical formulation for acne treatment. Further research is warranted to optimize the formulation and evaluate its efficacy in clinical settings.