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OPTIMIZATION SPORES PRODUCING β-KAROTEN OF FUNGUS Neurospora sitophila BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD (On Fermentation Process Duration and Starter Concentration) Novianti, Trisita; Wignyanto, Wignyanto; Nurika, Irnia
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (293.653 KB)

Abstract

Supplying nutrient was still difficult problem in developing countries like Indonesia, one of them was the lack of supplying vitamin A. Provitamin A source, especially β- karoten, much β-karoten could be gotten from fruits and vegetables which have yellow or green colour, the others alternative of supplying vitamin A could be gotten from fungus Neurospora sitophila strain in solid tofu waste medium on fermentation process duration and starter concentration which have been adjusted in optimal condition Experimental design used central composite design with two factors (fermentation process duration and starter concentration of fungus Neurospora sitophila) and two responses (β-karoten concentration and spores amount). Variables of fermentation process duration factor were 5,172 days, 6 days, 8 days, 10 days, and 10,828 days, while variables starter concentration factor were 1,757%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 10,243%.  Analysis which have done, were: β-karoten analysis, spores amount analysis, pH analysis, moisture content analysis, and optimization by response surface method were the research process. The counting result were β-karoten concentration of fungus Neurospora sitophila response had quadratic model Y =  86,18265 + 7,63485 X1 + 1,67998 X2 – 0,41042 X12 –0,086288 X22 – 0,062833 X1X2 with R2 = 95,06% and spores amount of fungus Neurospora sitophila response had quadratic model Y = 10,77813 + 0,11552 X1 + 0,023106 X2 – 6,85906.10-3 X12 – 2,13736.10-3 X22 + 7,79167.10-4 X1X2 with R2 = 98,28%. For the applying of industry, the result of optimal β-karoten concentration was 125,2408 ppm with optimal spores amount was 11,3682 log spora/ml, while optimal fermentation process duration was 9 days with optimal starter concentration was 6,8%.   Key Word : β-karoten, Neurospora sitophila
Cellulose Production Using Kombucha Culture From Wastewater of Tofu Industry (The Analysis Study on Sucrose and Ammonium Sulphate Additions and Its Production Cost) Nurika, Irnia; Hidayat, Nur; Anggraeni, Yaumadina
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (351.065 KB)

Abstract

The objective of this research was to assess  the  influence of  sucrose and ammonium sulphate additions to the waste water of tofu industry as a substrate for Kombucha culture on  the produced cellulose sheet (pellicle) and to analyze its production cost. The experiment  was run in triplicates employing the Completely randomized block design. Three respective levels of  sucrose (8%, 10% and 12%) and ammonium sulphate (0.3%, 0.4% and 0.5%) were added. The parameters observed were the yield, moisture and crude fiber contents, and the production coct was then determined based on the most promising process. It was shown that the sucrose and ammonium sulphate additions  significant affected the yield, moisture and crude fiber contents, as well as the thickness of the pellicle produced. The best treatment was obtained by the addition of 10% (b/v) sucrose and 0.4% (b/v), ammonium sulphate which  resulted in the yield of  6.89% with the following characteristics: the thickness of 2.70 mm, and the respective moisture and crude fiber contents of 82.21% and 4.62%.  The production cost to achieve the break even point was Rp. 244,174.63 a pack of 7 kg. To get a profit level of 10%, the selling price of the product should be Rp. 299,500.00/pack.Key word : cellulose sheet, Kombucha, waste water
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN CUSO4 TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ENZIM SCHYZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE PADA DEGRADASI LIGNIN LIMBAH KULIT KAKAO Nurika, Irnia; Hidayat, Nur; Rohmanna, Novianti Adi
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 19, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

ABSTRAKKulit coklat merupakan sumber lignoselulosa dari limbah pertanian dengan kandungan lignin mencapai 14.7 ± 0.35% (w/w). Lignin merupakan senyawa aromatik kompleks heteropolymer yang tidak mudah dipecah secara hidrolitik, sehingga jamur pelapuk seringkali digunakan untuk mempermudah proses degradasi lignin. Pada penelitian ini digunakan jamur pelapuk putih (S. commune). Selama proses pemecahan lignin, S. commune memanfaatkan enzim peroksidase dan lakase. Akan tetapi, produksi enzim lignolitik pada jamur pelapuk putih dalam jumlah kecil, sehingga diperlukan penambahan inducer untuk meningkatkan aktivitas enzim lignolitik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan CuSO4 terhadap aktivitas enzim MnP dan Lakase pada S. commune yang berperan dalam proses pemecahan lignin sehingga dapat dihasilkan berbagai macam senyawa kimia bernilai tinggi. Tembaga dengan konsentrasi 0 mM; 0.5 mM; 1.5 mM; dan 2.5 mM ditambahkan pada S. commune dan di inkubasi selama 5 minggu. Hasil kemudian diekstrak dan diuji aktivitas enzim MnP dan Lakase menggunakan spektofotometri. Hasil menunjukkan aktivitas enzim lignolitik S. commune terbesar yaitu 0.48 IU.L-1 untuk enzim MnP pada minggu ke-4 dengan penambahan konsentrasi CuSO4 1.5 mM dan 0.18 IU.L-1 untuk enzime lakase pada minggu ke-3 dengan penambahan konsentrasi CuSO4 0.5 mM dan 1.5 mM ABSTRACTAgricultural waste such as cacao pod is a source of lignocellulosic with 14.7 ± 0.35% (w/w) lignin compound. Lignin is a heterogeneous aromatic complex which are difficult degradated by hydrolitic, so rot fungi needed on lignin degradation process. This researches used white rot fungi (S. commune). S. commune are known to breakdown lignin with peroxidase and laccase enzyme. However, ligninolytic enzyme are produced only small quantities, so needed induction for enhancemend and activated ligninolytic enzyme. Purpose this research is knowing affected concentration copper on MnP and Laccase activty of S.commune during degaradation of lignocellulose, so can produce various of chemical added value compound. Various consentration copper are 0 mM; 0.5 mM; 1.5 mM; and 2.5 mM added in treatment and incubated for 5 weeks. Yield extracted and MnP and Lakase activty is measured by spectrophotometry. The maximum activities enzyme synthesized by S. commune were observed as 0.48 IU.L-1 for manganese peroxidase (MnP) after 4 weeks incubation at 1.5 mM CuSO4 and 0.18 IU.L-1 for laccase after 3 weeks incubation at 0.5 mM and 1.5 mM CuSO4
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MnSO4 TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ENZIM MANGAN PEROKSIDASE PADA DELIGNIFIKASI LIMBAH BAGASSE OLEH PHLEBIA SP. MG-60 Nurika, Irnia; Majid, Zuliyan Agus Nur Muchlis; Suprayogi, -
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 20, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (350.144 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtp.2019.020.03.3

Abstract

ABSTRAKKandungan lignin pada bagasse dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan kimia bernilai tinggi melalui proses degradasi lignoselulosa. Phlebia sp. MG-60 merupakan salah satu jenis jamur pelapuk yang menghasilkan enzim mangan peroksidase (MnP) untuk mendegradasi lignin. Akan tetapi, untuk meningkatkan aktivitas enzim MnP dibutuhkan induser seperti MnSO4. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan MnSO4 terhadap aktivitas enzim MnP Phlebia sp. MG-60 dalam  proses delignifikasi selama 28 hari inkubasi. Mangan dengan konsentrasi 0 mM; 0,1 mM; dan 0.5 mM ditambahkan pada substrat yang telah diinokulasi dengan Phlebia sp. MG-60 dan diinkubasi selama 28 hari. Hasil kemudian diekstrak selanjutnya diuji kadar lignin dan aktivitas enzim MnP yang dihasilkan menggunakan spektofotometri. Hasil menunjukkan aktivitas enzim MnP bagasse yang paling besar dengan penambahan 0,1 mM MnSO4 0.605 IU/mL dengan lignin removal mencapai 31.60%.  ABSTRACTLignin compound in bagasse can be used as a high-value chemical through lignocellulose degradation. Phlebia sp. MG-60 is one type of rot fungus that produces the MnP enzyme to degrade lignin. However, to increase the MnP activity, inducer such as MnSO4 is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of MnSO4 on Phlebia sp. MG-60 performance and MnP activity of Phlebia sp. MG-60 during 28 days degradation of lignocellulose. Manganese with a concentration of 0 mM; 0,1 mM; and 0.5 mM was added to the substrate which had been inoculated with Phlebia sp. MG-60 and incubated for 28 days. The results were then extracted furthermore lignin content assay and MnP enzyme activity tested by using spectrophotometry. The results showed the greatest bagasse MnP enzyme activity with the addition of 0,1 mM MnSO4 0.605 IU / mL with lignin removal reached of 31.60%.
Pengaruh Tekanan Suhu dan Penambahan Suplemen Metal Ion pada Fermentasi Etanol oleh Zymomonas mobilis Sakunda Anggarini; Maimunah Hindun Pulungan; Wignyanto Wignyanto; Nur Hidayat; Irnia Nurika; Azimmatul Ihwah
Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri Vol 5, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Agro-industrial Technology, University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (566.442 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.industria.2016.005.03.2

Abstract

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh suhu fermentasi dan penambahan suplemen metal ion terhadap pertumbuhan Z.mobilis serta mengukur kemampuannya dalam menghasilkan etanol. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan dua faktor, yaitu suhu fermentasi (30, 34, dan 38 °C) dan penambahan ion logam dari senyawa garam (Kalium dikromat, Magnesium klorida, dan Asam borat). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu saat fermentasi dan penambahan suplemen ion logam memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan sel, total gula reduksi, dan kadar etanol. Pertumbuhan sel tertinggi sebesar 0,753 NTU dengan penambahan kalium dikromat pada suhu fermentasi 38 °C. Total gula reduksi terendah sebesar 789,97 mg/ml dengan penambahan Asam borat pada suhu fermentasi 34 °C. Kadar etanol tertinggi sebesar 2,234% dengan penambahan kalim dikromat pada suhu fermentasi 34 °C.Kata kunci: gula reduksi, ion logam, kadar etanol, tekanan suhu tinggi, Zymomonas mobilis AbstractThis study was aimed to find out the effect of fermentation temperature and metal ion supplement addition towards the growth of Z.mobilis as well as to measure its capability in producing ethanol. This research was conducted by using the randomized block design with two factors namely fermentation temperature (30,34,38 oC) and metal ion supplement addition of Potassium dichromate, Magnesium chloride and Boric acid. The result showed that temperature stress and metal ion supplement addition had significant influence on cell growth, total reducing sugar, and the amount of ethanol production. The highest cell growth was 0,753 NTU with Potassium dichromate addition at fermentation temperature of 38 oC. the lowest total reducing sugar was 789.97 mg/ml with Boric acid addition at fermentation temperature of 34 oC. the highest ethanol production was 2.234% with Potassium dichromate addition at fermentation temperature of 34 oC.Keywords: reduction sugar, metals ion, amount of ethanol, temperature stress, Zymomonas mobilis
Penentuan Isolat Bakteri Asidogenik yang Mampu Menghasilkan Total Asam Tertinggi dari Limbah Cair Tahu Andriani Sukma Witari; Irnia Nurika
Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri Vol 5, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Department of Agro-industrial Technology, University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (774.545 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.industria.2016.005.01.2

Abstract

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bakteri asidogenik yang mampu memproduksi total asam tertinggi dari limbah cair tahu. Uji kemampuan asidogenik meggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial dengan menggunakan dua perlakuan yaitu persentase inokulum (5%, 10%, dan 15%) dan lama waktu inkubasi (24 jam, 48 jam, dan 72 jam). Parameter yang diukur meliputi kadar total asam tertitrasi, pH, kadar gula reduksi, dan total bakteri asidogenik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakterisasi morfologi koloni isolat terpilih (isolat 1031) berwarna putih tulang, berbentuk bulat, permukaan timbul, dan tepiannnya rata dan karakterisasi morfologi sel isolat 1031 adalah Gram negatif dan berbentuk batang. Berdasarkan hasil karakterisasi biokimia, isolat 1031 memiliki probabilitas kedekatan dengan Hafnia alvei biogp 1 sebesar 94,53%. Persentase inokulum dan lama waktu inkubasi berpengaruh terhadap produksi total asam tertitrasi. Perlakuan terbaik adalah kombinasi perlakuan A3B1 (persentase inokulum 15% dan waktu inkubasi 24 jam), dengan nilai total asam tertitrasi 2,70%, nilai pH 6,33, kadar gula reduksi 0,07%, dan jumlah populasi bakteri asidogenik 1,1 x 108 CFU/ml.Kata kunci: asidogenesis, bakteri asidogenik, limbah cair tahu, dan total asam teritrasiAbstract This research had an objective to find an acidogenic bacteria which was able to produce the highest organic acid from tofu wastewater. Test of acidogenic capabilty used Randomized Block Design arranged in factorial by using two treatments, inoculum percentage (5%, 10%, and 15%) and incubation time (24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours). Parameters measured were production of titration acidity total, pH, degree of sugar reduction, and acidogenic bacteria total. Result showed identification of colony morphology of selected isolate (isolat 1031) were bone-white, round shape, raised surface (elevation), flat edge and cell morphology were Gram-negative bacillusshaped. Based on the biochemical identification showed isolate 1031 was Hafnia alvei biogp 1 with a probability value of 94.53%. Inoculum percentage and incubation time had significant effect in production of titration acidity total. The best treatment combination was A3B1 (inoculum percentage of 15% and incubation time in 24 hours). A3B1 treatment produced titration acidity total 2,70%, pH 6,33, degree of sugar reduction 0,07%, and acidogenic bacteria total 1,1x108 CFU/ml.Keywords: acidogenesis, acidogenic bacteria, titration acidity total, and tofu wastewater
OPTIMASI KONDISI EKTRAKSI VANILLIN HASIL DEGRADASI LIGNOSELULOSA BAGAS TEBU MENGGUNAKAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD (RSM) Irnia Nurika; Faudina Nurin Nisa'; Nurul Azizah; Sri Suhartini
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 8 No. 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (808.994 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v8i1.4500

Abstract

Optimization of Vanillin Extraction Conditions from Lignocellulose Degradation of Sugarcane Bagasse using the Response Surface Method (RSM) Sugarcane bagasse is an agricultural waste containing lignocellulose and has the potential to be processed into high-value chemicals such as vanillin. The degradation of sugarcane bagasse lignocellulose can be carried out biologically by the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. This study aims to obtain optimal extraction conditions in the form of ethyl acetate solvent volume and extraction time, using the response surface method (RSM). Two optimized factors were the volume of ethyl acetate (71.72; 80; 100; 120; and 128.28 mL) and the extraction time (35.16; 60; 120; 180; 204.84 minutes). The response variables were the concentration (%) and yield of vanillin (µg g–1). The research on the optimization of the response of vanillin levels and vanillin yield was carried out at 14 days incubation with the highest average total soluble phenol (TSP) value of 0.101 mg g–1. The optimal condition of ethyl acetate volume of 109.730 mL with an extraction time of 137.302 minutes was predicted to produce vanillin levels and yields of 0.0078% and 8.9089 g g–1, respectively, with an accuracy value of 93.4%. Based on the verification results, the optimal vanillin concentration and yield were 0.0077% and 8.9805 g g–1, respectively. Bagas tebu merupakan limbah pertanian yang mengandung lignoselulosa dan berpotensi diolah menjadi bahan kimia bernilai tinggi seperti vanillin. Degradasi lignoselulosa bagas tebu dapat dilakukan secara biologis oleh jamur pelapuk putih Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan kondisi ekstraksi optimal berupa volume pelarut etil asetat dan lama waktu ekstraksi, menggunakan response surface method (RSM). Dua faktor yang dioptimasi adalah volume etil asetat (71,72; 80; 100; 120; dan 128,28 mL) dan lama waktu ekstraksi (35,16; 60; 120; 180; 204,84 menit). Variabel respons adalah kadar (%) dan yield vanillin (µg g–1). Penelitian optimasi respons kadar vanillin dan yield vanillin dilakukan pada inkubasi 14 hari dengan nilai total soluble phenol (TSP) rata-rata tertinggi 0,101 mg g–1. Kondisi optimal volume etil asetat 109,730 mL dengan waktu ekstraksi 137,302 menit diprediksi menghasilkan kadar dan yield vanillin sebesar 0,0078% dan 8,9089 µg g–1 dengan nilai ketepatan 93,4%. Berdasar hasil verifikasi, konsentrasi dan yield vanillin yang optimal masing-masing adalah 0,0077% dan 8,9805 µg g–1.
Pengembangan Desa Pariwisata dengan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya di Desa Hargotirto dan Hargowilis Irnia Nurika; Christia Meidiana; Adipandang Yudono; Sri Suhartini; Dodi Wirawan Irawanto
Journal of Innovation and Applied Technology Vol 7, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiat.2021.006.02.10

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Doktor Mengabdi merupakan program yang dilaksanakan pada tahun 2020 dan berlokasi di Desa Hargotirto dan Hargowilis, Kecamatan Kokap, Kabupaten Kulon Progo, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pengembangan desa wisata bertujuan untuk menarik wisatawan agar mengunjungi desa tersebut sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan. Desa Hargotirto dan Hargowilis memiliki beragam potensi baik sumber daya alam maupun sumber daya manusia yang dapat dikembangkan. Keduanya memiliki beberapa destinasi wisata yang menarik minat wisatawan. Namun masih terdapat permasalahan yaang perlu dicarikan solusinya agar sektor pariwisata di kedua desa tersebut dapat optimal. Program Doktor Mengabdi ini dilaksanankan dengan kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) kolaborasi UGM, ITB dan Enhance project. Program tersebut menghasilkan dua masterplan dengan beberapa output, yaitu executive summary, leaflet, dan booklet. Output yang telah dihasilkan dari program ini diharapkan dapat berguna dan bermanfaat bagi pemerintah setempat serta masyarakat sebagai rekomendasi dalam merencanakan dan mengatasi permasalahan yang ada di Desa Hargotirto dan Hargowilis sebagai desa pariwsata.
The Enhancement Of Production Capacity And Quality Of Organic Fertilizer Through Implementation Of Grinding And Sieving Machines. Irnia Nurika
Journal of Innovation and Applied Technology Vol 5, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiat.2019.005.01.1

Abstract

The regularly increasing price and scarcity of inorganic fertilizer resulted a serious problem faced by the vegetable farmer in Pujon-Malang. Alternatifely the use of organic fertilizer as a subtitute for inorganic fertilizer is become an option for resolving the issue. The small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) Barokah Jaya and Mandiri are the SMEs producing organic fertilizer which utilzed local organic materials. However, in the its production process these two SMEs have constrains such as the unhomogenise of size of the organic fertilizer which directly affected to value of general quality of the fertiliser product. Therefore this project aims to implement the grinding and sieving machines on the process which are able to enhance the product quality. Through the implementation of these two machines, resulted (i) the increasing of production capacity 70-100% which is followed by the enhancement of value added product and market networks, (ii) resulted standarized organic fertilizer, (iii) the application of composting technology which used those two machines has been socialised. 
THE EFFECT OF FECL3 AND LENGTH OF INCUBATION ON THE DEGRADATION OF LIGNOCELLULOSE FROM SENGON AND PINE WOODS USING SERPULA LACRYMANS Irnia Nurika; Nur Hidayat; Nur Lailatul Rahma; Sakunda Anggarini
Journal of Environmental Engineering and Sustainable Technology Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (739.923 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jeest.2017.004.02.7

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe aim of this research is to determine the effect of FeCl3 affected to lignocelullosic degradation of Sengon and Pine wood residue by Serpula lacrymans during incubation. which was showed by the changing value of Total Soluble Phenols (TSP), Total Reducing Sugar (TRS), weight loss and pH extract. The experimental design used is a Factorial Block Randomized Design with three factors: the type of wood (K) (Sengon and Pinewoods), the concentration of FeCl3 (M) selected are 10, 30 and 50 µM and length of incubation (T): 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days. The results revealed that the addition of FeCl3 on both types of woods during incubation did not give a significant impact on the value of TSP, TRS, weight loss and pH. The best treatment in TSP production is Sengon wood was incubated for 28 days (0.064 mg/g). While the greatest amount of total reducing sugars is Pinewood, incubated for 28 days in the amount of 36.58 mg/g. The best in percentage of weight loss is Pinewood, incubated for 28 days contains 33,98% with pH extract 4.14Keywords: biodegradation, lignocelullose, total soluble phenols, total reducing sugar.