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All Journal Damianus Journal of Medicine The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Paediatrica Indonesiana Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Jurnal Biomedika dan Kesehatan Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia World Nutrition Journal SOSIOEDUKASI : JURNAL ILMIAH ILMU PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL Eureka Herba Indonesia Journal SAGO Gizi dan Kesehatan Muhammadiyah Journal of Geriatric Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Neurona Proceedings Book of International Conference and Exhibition on The Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute
Ninik Mudjihartini
Departemen Biokimia Dan Biologi Molekuler, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Dentistry Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Efek proteksi hipoksia hipobarik intermiten pada otak tikus: Analisis konsentrasi Caspase-3, Neutrophin-3, karbonil dan SOD Ninik Mudjihartini; Defli Yuandika Ruso; Wawan Mulyawan; Atikah Chalida Barasila; Yulhasri
Bahasa Indonesia Vol 25 No 1 (2026): Damianus Journal of Medicine
Publisher : Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25170/djm.v25i1.6554

Abstract

Introduction: The brain is the largest energy-consuming organ in the body and is highly vulnerable to damage under hypoxic conditions. However, certain periods of hypoxia can be tolerated and provide protective effects. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) on the expression of caspase-3, neurotrophin-3, carbonyl, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in rat brain tissues. Methods: A total of 25 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: a control group (normoxic conditions) and four treatment groups exposed to hypobaric hypoxia in a chamber simulating 25,000 feet altitude for 5 minutes at intervals of 7 days for each exposure. Group 1 was exposed to a one-time hypoxia condition (IHH 1), group 2 was exposed two times (IHH 2), group 3 was exposed three times (IHH 3), and group four were exposed four times (IHH 4). Results: Caspase-3 levels significantly decreased in the treatment groups compared to the control group (p<0.05), indicating a positive response to IHH. In contrast, neurotrophin-3 and carbonyl levels showed no significant changes across the groups, maintaining a stable trend. Additionally, a significant increase in SOD levels was observed between group 1 and group 3 (p<0.05), suggesting enhanced antioxidant defense with repeated IHH exposure. Conclusion: Intermittent hypobaric hypoxia can suggest a protective effect against hypoxic damage by suppressing caspase-3 expression. Repeated IHH exposure enhances antioxidant defense by elevating SOD levels. In contrast, neurotrophin-3 and carbonyl levels remain unchanged, suggesting these markers are unresponsive to short-term IHH.
Spirulina platensis Extract Stabilizes Hepatic HIF-1α and Activates Caspase-3 in Aging Wistar Rat Liver Reni Paramita; Febriana Catur Iswanti; Ninik Mudjihartini
Eureka Herba Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Eureka Herba Indonesia
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/ehi.v7i1.135

Abstract

Liver aging is accompanied by progressive hypoxia, impaired redox homeostasis, and dysregulated programmed cell death, for which safe complementary interventions are needed. Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis), a marine cyanobacterium rich in the antioxidant phycobiliprotein C-phycocyanin, is widely used in Indonesian complementary medicine, yet its effect on the hepatic hypoxia–apoptosis–autophagy network across biological age is undefined. This in vivo study examined whether oral Spirulina extract modulates hepatic HIF-1α, caspase-3, and p62/SQSTM1 in young (12-week) and older (24-week) male Wistar rats. Animals (n=5 per group) received Spirulina extract 200 mg/kg body weight or aquabidest vehicle once daily for 29 days; livers were harvested and marker concentrations quantified by ELISA, with one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD, η², Cohen’s d, and Pearson correlation. Spirulina increased hepatic HIF-1α by 60.0% in older rats (688.0±55.0 versus 430.0±40.0 pg/mg protein; p<0.001; Cohen’s d=5.37) but not in young rats (p=0.539). Caspase-3 rose 21.2% in older rats (145.68±12.80 versus 120.23±11.00 ng/mg protein; p=0.010; d=2.13), whereas p62 was unchanged across all groups (ANOVA p=0.903). HIF-1α and caspase-3 were strongly correlated (r=0.879; 95% CI 0.714–0.951; p<0.001). Spirulina also raised the hepatosomatic ratio and attenuated body-weight gain. These findings indicate that Spirulina engages the hepatic hypoxia–apoptosis axis in an age-dependent manner while preserving autophagy, providing mechanistic support for its use as a herbal hepatoprotective modality.
Association Between Homocysteine Levels and Risk of Depression in Office Workers With Vegan Diet in Jakarta Karlina Lestari; Mudjihartini Ninik; Sutanto Krisadelfa
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Journal Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v5i1.43683

Abstract

Depression is a significant global public health concern, and the rising prevalence of vegan diets is currently linked to an increased risk of depression in adults. One contributing factor may be vitamin B12 deficiency in vegans, which can elevate homocysteine levels. This study aims to examine the relationship between homocysteine levels and depression risk among vegan office workers in Jakarta. The research employs a quantitative, cross-sectional design. The population consists of all vegan office workers in Jakarta, with a sample of 58 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data collection involved interviews, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory tests. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses via SPSS version 20. The findings revealed that the average plasma homocysteine level in participants was 3.48 μg/L, considered low. The average PHQ-9 score was 4.75, indicating no depression or moderate depression. Bivariate analysis showed no significant association between homocysteine levels and depression risk, with a p-value of 0.412, suggesting no correlation between homocysteine levels and depression risk in vegan office workers in Jakarta
Comparing the effect of Centella asiatica L. and Acalypha indica L. treatment to carbonyl and glutathione level in the brains of old rats Ninik Mudjihartini; Reni Paramita; Astrid Mariam Khairani Siregar; Estiana Filzadiyanti; Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti; Erni Purwaningsih
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 5 No. 1 (2022): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.79

Abstract

Background: Free radicals in excessive concentrations damages cells and accelerate the aging process. Antioxidants found in Centella asiatica (CA) and Acalypha indica (AI) have the potential to prevent oxidative cellular damage. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of CA and AI on carbonyl and glutathione levels in the brain of older rats. Methods: 18-month age rats were treated using either AI, CA, or vitamin E. In addition, 18-month age and 2-month age untreated rats were used as a negative control. The brain carbonyl and glutathione levels were measured by Agustyanak and the Elmann method, respectively. Results: Treatment with CA significantly decreased brain carbonyl levels (2.87 nmol/mL) than the control rats (4.54 nmol/mL). Furthermore, treating AI did not reduce the brain carbonyl and GSH levels in aged brain rats. Conclusion: Centella asiatica can reduce the protein destruction that occurs with increasing age.
Expression and correlation of endoglin, sEndoglin, and MMP-14 on preeclampsia placenta Febriana Catur Iswanti; Ninik Mudjihartini; Reni Paramita; Yuditiya Purwosunu; Ani Retno Prijanti
Acta Biochimica Indonesiana Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Acta Biochimica Indonesiana
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32889/actabioina.179

Abstract

Background: Hypertensive disorders, particularly preeclampsia, are major contributors to maternal mortality and neonatal morbidity. Angiogenic imbalance plays a critical role in placental ischemia, a hallmark of preeclampsia. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the roles of endoglin, soluble endoglin (sEndoglin), and matrix metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) in the angiogenic imbalance observed in preeclampsia placentas compared to normal-term placentas. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using 68 placental samples: 34 from normal-term pregnancies and 34 from preeclampsia cases. Concentrations of endoglin, sEndoglin, and MMP-14 were measured using the sandwich ELISA method, and protein levels were determined using the Christian Warburg method. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The concentration of endoglin in preeclampsia placentas was slightly higher (1.37 [0.2–2.2] ng/μg protein) compared to normal placentas (1.12 [0.6–14.1] ng/μg protein), although the difference was not statistically significant. In contrast, sEndoglin (0.05 [0.0–0.01] ng/μg protein vs. 0.02 [0.0–0.3] ng/μg protein) and MMP-14 (0.14 [0.1–0.6] ng/μg protein vs. 0.11 [0.1–1.3] ng/μg protein) concentrations were significantly higher in preeclampsia placentas compared to normal placentas. All parameters showed a gradual decrease with advancing gestational age. sEndoglin and MMP-14 demonstrated a strong positive correlation (r = 0.658, p < 0.001), while endoglin and MMP-14 exhibited a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.554, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Endoglin, sEndoglin, and MMP-14 were differentially expressed in preeclampsia placentas, with sEndoglin and MMP-14 significantly elevated. These findings highlight their potential role in angiogenic imbalance and may provide insight into the pathophysiology of preeclampsia.
Total Omega-3 Fatty Acid, Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA), and Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) are Positively Associated with Sleep Duration in Children Aged 3–5 Years: A Preliminary Study Marsella Dervina Amisi; Dian Novita Chandra; Ninik Mudjihartini; Rini Sekartini
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 18, No 3 (2026)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v18i3.4102

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sleep is essential for children’s growth and development, yet sleep disturbances remain common among preschoolers. Insufficient sleep has been linked to cognitive impairments, behavioral problems, and increased risk of obesity. Nutritional factors, particularly omega-3 fatty acids, may play a role in sleep regulation. Although previous studies have suggested that Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are associated with improved sleep outcomes, yet data on omega-3 status and its relationship with sleep duration among Indonesian preschoolers remain scarce. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse the association between Omega-3 fatty acids levels and sleep duration among preschool children in Indonesia.METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 72 children aged 3–5 years old. Sleep duration and disturbances of subjects were assessed using the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire–Abbreviated (CSHQ-A). Omega-3 fatty acids levels, including α-linolenic acid (ALA), EPA, and DHA, were measures using gas chromatography.RESULTS: The median sleep duration was 11 hours (range 9–13.5 hours). Based on CSHQ-A scores, 93.1% of subjects experienced sleep disturbances. Mean total omega-3 fatty acid concentration was 225.47±80.9 µmol/L. Significant positive corelations were observed between sleep duration and total omega-3 fatty acid (r=0.298; p=0.011), EPA (r=0.233; p=0.049), and DHA (r=0.260; p=0.028).CONCLUSION: Omega-3 fatty acid levels, particularly EPA and DHA, were positively associated with sleep duration in preschool children. These findings provide preliminary evidence of the role of omega-3 in sleep regulation and underscore the importance of considering nutritional factors in efforts to improve sleep quality during early childhood.KEYWORDS: omega-3 fatty acids, DHA, EPA, ALA, sleep duration, preschool children
Co-Authors Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Achmad Mulawarman Jayusman Ahmad A. Jusuf Ahmad Aulia Almira Devina Gunawan Andriani Andriani Ani Retno Prijanti Astrid Mariam Khairani Siregar Atikah Chalida Barasila Chandra, Dian Novita claresta diella Defli Yuandika Ruso Dewi Sukmawati Diana Sunardi Diyah Eka Andayani Diyah Eka Andayani Ekawati, Maria Endrico Xavierees Erlina, Linda Erni Purwaningsih Estiana Filzadiyanti Fadilah Fadilah Febriana Catur Iswanti Frans Ferdinal Hadiyati Fudla Hajar, Siti Sarah Harmelia, Dwi Helena Fabiani Ika Superti Daruningrum Immanuelle Kezia Indah Bachti Setyarini Inge Permadhi Irawan Satriotomo Issabella Nisrina Pratiwi Karin Wiradarma Karlina Lestari Khusun, Helda Krisadelfa Sutanto Krisnamurti, Desak G.B. Livia Kurniati Saputra Marsella Dervina Amisi Mohamad Sadikin Mohamad Saekhu Muchtaruddin Mansyur Mulyana Mulyana Nani Dharmasetiawani Natasha Dianasari Devana Nieka Adhara Wahono Novi Dewi Tanjung Novi Dewi Tanjung Nurdina, Nazlah Nurhadi Ibrahim Nurhadi Ibrahim Nurul Ratna Nurul Ratna Mutu Manikam Pratiwi, Sandi Puspita Prawirohajo, Pukovisa Pungguri Ayu Nega Sarsanti Purwaningsih, Erni H. Rahmawaty Ridwan, Rahmawaty Raphael Kosasih Ray Sugianto, Ray Reni Paramita Ria Andreinie Rini Sekartini Rita Lahirin, Rita Sadikin, Abdul Halim Saptawati Bardosono Saptawati Bardosono Sheira Taflah Putri Handana Sheira Taflah Putri Handana Sianipar, Imelda M. Siska Amelia Siti Farida Sri W.A. Jusman Sri Widia A.Jusman Wahyu Ika Wardhani Wardaya Wardaya Wawan Mulyawan Widia AJ, Sri Wiji Lestari Wiji Lestari Wina Sinaga Wiwoho, Yudi Yuwono Yuditiya Purwosunu Yulhasri Yulhasri Yulhasri