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Plant Parasitic Nematode of Strawberry in Ciwidey-West Java Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Anindita, Devina Cinantya; Supramana
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 1 (2023): Januari 2023
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.1.30-38

Stroberi merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang banyak dibudidayakan di dataran tinggi. Salah satu hambatan dalam produksi stroberi ialah infeksi nematoda parasit tanaman. Kecamatan Ciwidey merupakan salah satu sentra produksi stroberi di Kabupaten Bandung, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Beberapa kebun stroberi di Ciwidey menunjukkan gejala serangan nematoda yang memakan bagian akar dan tajuk tanaman. Laporan nematoda parasit tanaman pada tanaman stroberi di Indonesia masih terbatas sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi genus nematoda yang berasosiasi dengan stroberi dan menghitung kelimpahannya. Sampel tanaman diambil dengan metode pemilihan dengan sengaja pada tanaman yang bergejala. Sampel tanah diekstraksi dengan metode flotasi sentrifugasi, sampel akar dengan metode pengabutan; sedangkan sampel daun dipotong-potong, direndam di dalam cawan, lalu diinkubasi di lemari pendingin selama 24 jam. Nematoda diidentifikasi dan dihitung kelimpahannya. Gejala serangan nematoda parasit tanaman yang ditemukan pada tajuk tanaman stroberi berupa pertumbuhan terhambat, daun memerah, daun kecil menggulung atau berkerut, dan klorosis. Gejala pada akar ialah berupa lesio akar, akar memendek, jumlah akar berkurang, pembengkakan pada ujung akar, dan puru akar. Nematoda dari seluruh sampel ialah Aphelenchoides besseyi, A. bicaudatus, Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus sp., Scutellonema sp., dan Tylenchus sp. Kelimpahan nematoda yang didapatkan bervariasi antara 1–42 ekor nematoda 100 mL-1 tanah dan 2–29 ekor 5 g akar-1 . Diantara nematoda yang ditemukan, Scutellonema merupakan nematoda yang pertama kali dilaporkan berasosiasi dengan tanaman stroberi di Indonesia.

Mass Rearing of Foliar Nematode Aphlenchoides fragariae on Fungal Culture: Mass Rearing of Foliar Nematode Aphlenchoides fragariae on Fungal Culture Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Supramana; Hidayat, Sri Hendrastuti; Tondok, Efi Toding; Syafutra, Heriyanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 1 (2024): Januari 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.1.24-31

Nematoda daun Aphelenchoides fragariae mempunyai inang yang luas dan dapat berperan sebagai parasit tumbuhan maupun pemakan cendawan. Belum ada informasi terkait teknik perbanyakan A. fragariae di Indonesia. Penelitian untuk memperoleh jumlah nematoda A. fragariae yang murni perlu dilakukan untuk mendukung penelitian di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbanyak A. fragariae menggunakan biakan cendawan pada tiga suhu yang berbeda dan menghitung jumlah nematoda. Biakan cendawan yang digunakan ialah, Alternaria porri, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, Pythium sp., dan Rhizopus sp. Lima spesies cendawan tersebut diinkubasikan pada tiga suhu. Untuk memperoleh kondisi yang sesuai, biakan cendawan diinkubasi pada tiga suhu yang berbeda. Sebelum ditumbuhkan dalam biakan cendawan, nematoda dicelupkan ke dalam larutan streptomisin sulfat 0.1%, kemudian dicuci menggunakan air steril. Selanjutnya, 20 nematoda steril diinfestasikan pada biakan cendawan berumur 7 hari dan diinkubasi pada suhu 16, 28, dan 37 ℃. Setelah 28 hari, nematoda dipanen dan dihitung jumlahnya. Di antara spesies cendawan yang diuji sebagai media pemeliharaan, biakan terbaik untuk reproduksi A. fragariae ialah Alternaria porri pada suhu 28 ℃, dengan jumlah nematoda akhir rata-rata hingga 407.8 per cawan petri Pada suhu 37 ℃ A. fragariae gagal bereproduksi di semua biakan cendawan yang diuji. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa di antara ketiga suhu tersebut, yang paling mendukung pertumbuhan dan perkembangan nematoda ialah 16 dan 28 ℃, yang paling tidak mendukung adalah 37 ℃.

Analisis filogenetik Hyposidra talaca nucleopolyhedrovirus (HytaNPV) yang diisolasi dari perkebunan teh Gunung Mas, Bogor, Jawa Barat dan virulensinya terhadap Hyposidra talaca Walker: Phylogenetic analysis of Hyposidra talaca nucleopolyhedrovirus (HytaNPV) isolated Gunung Mas tea plantation from Bogor, West Java and its virulency against Hyposidra talaca Walker Kusumah, Yayi Munara; Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Kristanto, Eka Dana; Parasian, Franciskus; Christian, Michael
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 2 (2023): July
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.20.2.151

Hyposidra talaca (Walker) is an important pest of tea plant. H. talaca can cause losses of between 40–100% in the dry season if proper control is not carried out. H. talaca has natural enemies such as predators, parasitoids, and pathogens. One of the entomopathogens is NPV. This study aims to obtain molecular characteristics through DNA polymerase sequences and determine the virulence level of NPV isolates from H. talaca. The same species from different locations can have genetic variability. Therefore, molecular characterization by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on DNA polymerase sequences is one way to study the genetics of HytaNPV. NPV was isolated from infected H. talaca larvae collected from the field. The DNA isolates were used as templates for PCR for DNA polymerase gene amplification with an amplicon target of ±1,000 bp. A sequencing process followed the PCR provides nucleotide sequence. HytaNPV DNA polymerase sequencing results were aligned with GenBank's BLAST data to provide information on the relationship of HytaNPV to NPVs isolated from other regions. Based on molecular character analysis using DNA polymerase gene sequence, HytaNPV Bogor has a homology level of 93.9% with HytaNPV isolated from India. HytaNPV Bogor has a genetic relationship with the NPV that infects Buzura suppressaria from China and Australia. HytaNPV Bogor is similar to the NPV that infects H. talaca from India. The bioassay of HytaNPV isolate against H. talaca showed the highest LT50 value of 1.92 days was found in concentration of 1.58 x 107 POBs/ml in second instar larvae.

Molecular characterization of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus (HearNPV) on Helicoverpa armigera Hübner larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Kusumah, Yayi Munara; Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Pramudita, Pajar; Christian, Michael
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.224243-250

Nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) is a type of biological agent that can be effectively used as a bioinsecticide to control the cob borer caterpillar in corn. Among these viruses, HearNPV (Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus) stands out due to its host specificity, environmentally safety, and lack of harm to non-target organisms. The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the molecular characteristics of the DNA polymerase gene of HearNPV. To achieve this, caterpillars were collected from the field, then reared and inoculated in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Following propagation, viral genomic DNA was extracted using a modified CTAB (Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide) protocol, which is commonly employed for its efficiency in isolating high-quality DNA from various sources. Subsequently, DNA amplification was performed using specific primers: forward primer HearNPV F and reverse primer HearNPV R. These primers were designed to target the DNA polymerase gene, a crucial component in viral replication and a key marker for phylogenetic studies. The results of the phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Bogor strains of HearNPV shared a high degree of similarity with NPVs that infect other species within the Helicoverpa genus, including strains from Spain, Australia, Brazil, Russia, and Japan. Specifically, the nucleotide sequence homology ranged from 98.4% to 99.4%, while the amino acid sequence homology ranged from 98.2% to 99.2%. This high level of homology suggests a close evolutionary relationship and potentially similar biological characteristics among these NPV strains.

Keberadaan Nematoda Aphelenchoides besseyi pada Benih Padi Varietas Lokal di Kabupaten Samosir, Sumatera Utara: The Presence of the Nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi on Seeds of Local Rice Varieties in Samosir Regency, North Sumatra Sitanggang, Della; Supramana, Supramana; Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 20 No. 5 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.20.5.226-233

Aphelenchoides besseyi merupakan salah satu nematoda parasit penting pada tanaman padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keberadaan A. besseyi pada benih padi varietas lokal dari tiga kecamatan di Kabupaten Samosir, yaitu Pangururan, Sianjur Mula-Mula, dan Palipi. Nematoda diekstrak dari 400 benih padi pada setiap varietas menggunakan metode modifikasi corong Baermann. Benih padi dipotong pada bagian hilum, direndam dalam air, dan diinkubasi dalam ruangan gelap selama 24 jam pada suhu 20 °C. Nematoda diidentifikasi berdasarkan ciri morfologi dan morfometri. Pengukuran morfometri A. besseyi dilakukan terhadap 70 nematoda betina dan 10 nematoda jantan. Nematoda A. besseyi ditemukan pada varietas ‘Si Serang’, ‘Saratus Ari’, ‘Si Pining’, dan ‘Si Bandung’ dengan populasi 5 sampai 13 individu per 10 g atau 400 butir benih padi. Nematoda A. besseyi berhasil diidentifikasi berdasarkan ciri-ciri morfologi, yaitu tubuh ramping, bibir set off, stilet tipis, median bulbus berukuran besar, dan terdapat mucro berbentuk bintang pada ujung ekor. Nematoda jantan memiliki ujung ekor melengkung dengan spikula berbentuk seperti duri mawar. Ukuran tubuh nematoda pucuk putih asal varietas padi lokal Samosir lebih kecil dibandingkan ukuran A. besseyi yang telah dilaporkan sebelumnya.

Description of the morphology, morphometric, and molecular of Aphelenchoides fragariae (Aphelenchida: Aphelenchoididae) causing crimp disease of strawberry in Indonesia Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Hidayat, Sri Hendrastuti; Tondok, Efi Toding; Syafutra, Heriyanto; Supramana, Supramana
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.1259-16

Aphelenchoides fragariae, commonly known as strawberry crimp nematodes, primarily target the aerial parts of plants, affecting both internal and external structures. In Indonesia, where strawberries are predominantly cultivated in highland regions, the presence of strawberry crimp disease has been confirmed. Infected plants exhibit symptoms such as stunted growth, reddened foliage, crimped or curled leaves, and malformed buds and blooms. Aboveground damage caused by the nematodes includes contorted shoots, undersized leaves, and reddish petioles, often accompanied by discolored patches on the foliage. These symptoms significantly impair the growth and productivity of strawberry plants, highlighting the nematode’s potential as a serious pest in these regions. The identification of A. fragariae was achieved through a combination of morphological and molecular characterization methods. Species confirmation relied on PCR amplification of the nematode’s cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, using primers (COI F and COI R) designed in the laboratory. The amplification yielded a specific fragment of approximately 550 base pairs, which was sequenced for further analysis. Sequence alignment revealed identity levels ranging from 82.8% to 99.7%, confirming the presence of A. fragariae. The resulting sequences were deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers LC804455 (A. fragariae isolate RB) and LC804456 (A. fragariae isolate LB), providing a valuable resource for future studies on this nematode species.

Spesies Meloidogyne Penyebab Puru Akar pada Seledri di Pacet, Cianjur, Jawa Barat Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Supramana, Supramana; Adnan, Abdul Muin
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Root knot nematodes (RKN) Meloidogyne spp. is the primary parasite of celery and reported to cause losses up to 70%. Identification of the Meloidogyne species on celery in Indonesia has not been reported. This study was aimed to identify the species of Meloidogyne on celery based on morphology characters. Samples of Meloidogyne-infected celery plants were taken using purposive sampling method from Ciputri Village, District of Pacet, Cianjur, West Java Province. RKN inside root tissue was detected by acid fuchsin staining method. Meloidogyne species identification was done by morphological observation of female perineal pattern. Disease symptoms found in the field include leaf yellowing, stunted, and uneven growth of celery plants. Roots of infected plants showed the formation of small size root knots, in large numbers and forming strands like a chain. Staining NPA in root tissue was successfully detected various stages of nematode development, i.e. eggs, juveniles and female nematodes. Three Meloidogyne species, namely M. incognita, M. arenaria and M. javanica were identified.

Phytonematode Community in The Robusta and Arabica Coffee Plantation in East Java Budiman, Aris; Supramana, Supramana; Giyanto, Giyanto; Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 5 (2020)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.16.5.207-215

Fitonematoda merupakan salah satu penyebab penyakit pada tanaman kopi robusta dan arabika. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis komunitas fitonematoda pada kopi robusta dan arabika serta distribusinya pada kondisi kesehatan pertanaman yang berbeda. Lokasi pengambilan sampel berada di Kebun Percobaan Sumber Asin (Desa Krajan, Kecamatan Sumbermanjing, Kabupaten Malang), Blawan (Desa Sempol, Kecamatan Sempol, Kabupaten Bondowoso), dan Kalisat Jampit (Desa Kalisat, Kecamayan Ijen, kabupaten Bondowoso) Provinsi Jawa Timur. Sampel akar dan tanah diambil pada tanaman bergejala penyakit, tanaman di antara tanaman sakit dan sehat, dan tanaman sehat. Ekstraksi nematoda dari sampel akar dilakukan dengan metode pengabutan (mist chamber) dan sampel tanah dengan flotasi sentrifugasi. Peubah yang diamati ialah nilai prominensi (NP) dan proporsi sebaran fitonematoda penting. Fitonematoda yang diperoleh pada kopi robusta ialah Pratylenchus coffeae, Rotylenchulus reniformis, Meloidogyne spp., dan Hemicriconemoides cocophillus. Fitonematoda yang diperoleh pada kopi arabika ialah Radopholus similis, Meloidogyne spp., Paratylenchus sp., Criconemoides sp., dan Helicotylenchus sp. Fitonematoda didominasi oleh spesies P. coffeae dan R. reniformis pada kopi robusta serta R. similis dan Meloidogyne spp. pada kopi arabika. Terdapat perbedaan nilai prominensi pada masing-masing fitonematoda yang ditemukan. Nilai prominensi fitonematoda tertinggi dari ekstraksi perakaran kopi robusta terdapat pada P. coffeae, yaitu sebesar 295.83, sedangkan pada perakaran kopi arabika terdapat pada R. similis sebesar 259.16. Secara umum, pada spesies tersebut terjadi peningkatan populasi dari tanaman sehat ke tanaman bergejala penyakit.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Hayati di Desa Gondel, Kecamatan Kedungtuban, Kabupaten Blora, Jawa Tengah Firmansyah, Muhammad Alam; Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Mubin, Nadzirum; Istikorini, Yunik
Agrokreatif: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 10 No. 3 (2024): Agrokreatif Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/agrokreatif.10.3.305-314

The rice productivity in Gondel Village, Kedungtuban District, Blora Regency, Central Java, has declined. Factors such as attacks by plant pests and diseases (OPT), climate change (DPI) impact, and decreasing soil quality are the leading causes of crop failure. This training aims to enhance the understanding and skills of Gondel Village farmers in making biofertilizers and introducing environmentally friendly pest and disease control methods. The activity involved 40 farmers from 8 farmer groups (Gemah Ripah, Margo Mulyo, Ngudi Makmur, Sido Dadi, Sido Makmur, Tambah Makmur, Tambah Rizki, and Sri Mulyo), with each group represented by five farmers. The training methods included analysis of soil chemicals, socialization, practical propagation of Trichoderma sp. on rice media, and biofertilizer production. Pre-test and post-tests were conducted to assess the improvement in farmers' knowledge. Trichoderma biofertilizer was formulated using carriers such as a) Manure and b) Compost, zeolite, and humic acid. The results of the soil chemical properties analysis showed that farmers' use of chemical fertilizers was very intensive, resulting in very high levels of phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) and high levels of potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and cation exchange capacity (KTK). Evaluation results indicated that the training significantly improved the farmers' knowledge of biofertilizer production in theory and practice. However, some farmers still need further guidance on the propagation of the biological agent Trichoderma sp.

Analisis filogenetik Hyposidra talaca nucleopolyhedrovirus (HytaNPV) yang diisolasi dari perkebunan teh Gunung Mas, Bogor, Jawa Barat dan virulensinya terhadap Hyposidra talaca Walker Kusumah, R Yayi Munara; Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum; Kristanto, Eka Dana; Parasian, Franciskus; Christian, Michael
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 20 No 2 (2023): July
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.20.2.151

Hyposidra talaca (Walker) is an important pest of tea plant. H. talaca can cause losses of between 40–100% in the dry season if proper control is not carried out. H. talaca has natural enemies such as predators, parasitoids, and pathogens. One of the entomopathogens is NPV. This study aims to obtain molecular characteristics through DNA polymerase sequences and determine the virulence level of NPV isolates from H. talaca. The same species from different locations can have genetic variability. Therefore, molecular characterization by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on DNA polymerase sequences is one way to study the genetics of HytaNPV. NPV was isolated from infected H. talaca larvae collected from the field. The DNA isolates were used as templates for PCR for DNA polymerase gene amplification with an amplicon target of ±1,000 bp. A sequencing process followed the PCR provides nucleotide sequence. HytaNPV DNA polymerase sequencing results were aligned with GenBank's BLAST data to provide information on the relationship of HytaNPV to NPVs isolated from other regions. Based on molecular character analysis using DNA polymerase gene sequence, HytaNPV Bogor has a homology level of 93.9% with HytaNPV isolated from India. HytaNPV Bogor has a genetic relationship with the NPV that infects Buzura suppressaria from China and Australia. HytaNPV Bogor is similar to the NPV that infects H. talaca from India. The bioassay of HytaNPV isolate against H. talaca showed the highest LT50 value of 1.92 days was found in concentration of 1.58 x 107 POBs/ml in second instar larvae.

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