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Journal : The Indonesian Biomedical Journal

The Number and Potency of Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Siska Darmayanti; Rini Hendriani; Cynthia Retna Sartika
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 11, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v11i2.576

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease, due to the disorder of insulin function, insulin secretion, or both. Long-term hyperglycemia conditions promote endothelial dysfunction precedes to the development of multiple organ dysfunctions. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and hematopoietic stem cell (HSCs) are the key cellular effectors of postnatal neovascularization and play central role in endothelial dysfunction. However, in T2DM condition, the number of apoptotic HSCs increase, it may cause the reduction in potency and number of EPCs. In diabetes, the circulating EPCs number decrease and their functionality is impaired,  but mechanism underlie of this impairement is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship duration diabetes with  the number and potency of EPC cells in T2DM patients controlled and poorly controlled.METHODS: Thirty-eight T2DM male patients were classified into two group based on Indonesian Society of Endocrinology/Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia (PERKENI) criteria   on T2DM.  The   first   group   was a controlled glycemic condition group (hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) <7.0%) and the second group was a poorly controlled glycemic condition group (HbA1C >7.0%). Cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ and CD133+ expressions were used as specific marker for EPC, while quantified bright aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDHbr) assay was used to represented the potency of EPCs.RESULTS: This study showed that in poorly controlled T2DM group the number of EPCs was lower by 24.80% (p<0.05) compared to the T2DM controlled group. Similarly, the expression of ALDHbr was lower by 43.07% (p<0.05) in poorly controlled group.CONCLUSION: There was a decrease in the number and potency of EPCs in poorly controlled T2DM patients compared to the controlled T2DM patients. There was also a strong negative correlation between the duration of diabetes and number of EPCs.KEYWORDS: ALDHbr, endothelial progenitor cells, type 2 diabetes mellitus
Subchronic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves on Wistar Rat Sri Adi Sumiwi; Ade Zuhrotun; Rini Hendriani; Mochamad Rizal; Jutti Levita; Sandra Megantara
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 11, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v11i1.458

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Previous works indicated various pharmacology activities of bay plant (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.), however only few studies investigated its toxicity. This work was aimed to study the subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of this plant.METHODS: White Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups and were treated with 2% of Arabic gum (PGA) suspension, 1000 mg/kg of body weight (BW), 400 mg/kg of BW and 100 mg/kg of BW, respectively. The animals were observed on their body weight, hematology, clinical biochemistry parameters, organ index and histopathology.RESULTS: Flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, saponins, quinones, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were detected in dried leaves and ethanol extract of bay plant. An increase of body weight in male and female groups treated with dose 100 and 400 mg/kg BW compared to controls, was observed. Moreover, there was an increase of white blood cell (WBC) in male and female groups treated with S. polyanthum extracts compared to controls, whereas a decrease of red blood cell (RBC) was observed in male groups treated with S. polyanthum extracts in dose-dependent manner compared to control. No significant changes of RBC were seen in female groups, haemoglobin values were not altered by extract treatment. Photomicrographs of liver, kidney, lungs, heart and spleen histopathology of male and female S. polyanthum extract-treated groups showed no significant alteration compared to controls.CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that S. polyanthum extracts does not show toxicity on the body weight, hematology, creatinine and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), but fatty liver and necrosis are observed in female rats. This result can be beneficial for plant-based drug discovery, particularly this study provides information about the safety of S. polyanthum to be further developed as candidate of phytopharmaceutics.KEYWORDS: bay plants, salam leaves, hepatotoxicity, necrosis, SGOT, SGPT