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All Journal Awang Long Law Review JUSTISI Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis SANGAJI: Jurnal Pemikiran Syariah dan Hukum Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat GOVERNANCE: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Politik Lokal dan Pembangunan NALAR: Journal Of Law and Sharia SEWAGATI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Penelitian, Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Jurnal Teras Pengabdian Masyarakat
Kasmar
Universitas Muhammadiyah Bima
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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ANALISIS YURIDIS PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP KONSUMEN ATAS PENARIKAN PAKSA SEPEDA MOTOR OLEH DEBT COLLECTOR: Consumer Protection; Debt Collectors, Forced Repossession; Motorcycles. M Said; Adnan Adnan; Kasmar Kasmar
GOVERNANCE: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Politik Lokal dan Pembangunan Vol. 13 No. 7 (2026): 2026 Juli
Publisher : Lembaga Kajian Ilmu Sosial dan Politik (LKISPOL)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56015/gjikplp.v13i7.1094

Abstract

Praktik penarikan paksa sepeda motor oleh debt collector yang tidak memiliki kewenangan hukum yang sah merupakan fenomena yang mengancam hak-hak fundamental konsumen di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara yuridis perlindungan hukum yang tersedia bagi konsumen yang menjadi korban penarikan paksa kendaraan bermotor, khususnya sepeda motor, dalam konteks perjanjian pembiayaan konsumen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Sumber bahan hukum meliputi bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan yang relevan, putusan pengadilan, dan bahan hukum sekunder berupa doktrin, jurnal ilmiah internasional, serta literatur hukum terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penarikan paksa sepeda motor oleh debt collector tanpa penetapan pengadilan bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (POJK), dan ketentuan fidusia dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 tentang Jaminan Fidusia, khususnya pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 18/PUU-XVII/2019. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi kekosongan hukum (rechtsvacuum) dalam regulasi teknis penarikan jaminan fidusia serta lemahnya mekanisme penegakan hukum yang melindungi konsumen dari tindakan sewenang-wenang debt collector. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan regulasi sektoral, harmonisasi peraturan OJK dengan hukum fidusia, pembentukan lembaga pengaduan konsumen keuangan yang independen, serta kriminalisasi eksplisit atas penarikan paksa yang melanggar hukum sebagai instrumen pencegahan sistemik. Kata kunci: Perlindungan Konsumen; Debt Collector, Penarikan Paksa; Sepeda Motor.
TINJAUAN HUKUM BAGI NASABAH DALAM PERJANJIAN PEMBIAYAAN MIKRO ANTARA BANK AMARTHA DAN NASABAH DI KABUPATEN BIMA Atri Liani; Iksan Iksan; Kasmar Kasmar
GOVERNANCE: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Politik Lokal dan Pembangunan Vol. 13 No. 7 (2026): 2026 Juli
Publisher : Lembaga Kajian Ilmu Sosial dan Politik (LKISPOL)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56015/gjikplp.v13i7.1120

Abstract

Perjanjian pembiayaan mikro di sektor perbankan Indonesia telah berkembang pesat sebagai instrumen inklusi keuangan, namun perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada nasabah, khususnya di daerah pinggiran, masih kurang dikaji dalam literatur ilmiah. Studi ini melakukan analisis hukum normatif-empiris yang komprehensif terhadap perjanjian pembiayaan mikro antara Bank Amartha dan nasabahnya di Kabupaten Bima, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia, dengan meneliti sejauh mana kerangka peraturan yang ada cukup melindungi hak dan kepentingan hukum nasabah. Dengan menggunakan metodologi campuran doktrinal dan berbasis lapangan, penelitian ini mengkaji substansi hukum kontrak pembiayaan, penegakan prinsip-prinsip perlindungan konsumen berdasarkan Undang-Undang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan No. 8 Tahun 1999 dan Undang-Undang Pengembangan dan Penguatan Sektor Keuangan No. 4 Tahun 2023, peran instrumen peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK), dan dinamika sosial-hukum yang membentuk asimetri kekuatan kontraktual antara pemberi pinjaman institusional dan peminjam pedesaan berpenghasilan rendah. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun perjanjian pembiayaan Bank Amartha secara nominal mematuhi persyaratan hukum formal, perlindungan hukum substantif bagi nasabah terhambat oleh asimetri informasi, struktur kontrak adhesi, mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang tidak memadai, dan literasi keuangan yang terbatas di kalangan peminjam di Kabupaten Bima. Studi ini lebih lanjut mengidentifikasi bahwa penegakan pengawasan OJK di wilayah tersebut menunjukkan celah yang menciptakan titik buta regulasi yang merugikan kepentingan nasabah. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi baru pada bidang ini dengan melakukan triangulasi analisis doktrin hukum, penilaian kesenjangan regulasi, dan data pengalaman nasabah empiris dalam konteks mikrofinansial spesifik di Indonesia Timur yang belum pernah dibahas dalam literatur akademis. Studi ini diakhiri dengan rekomendasi kebijakan yang dapat ditindaklanjuti yang ditujukan kepada regulator, lembaga keuangan, dan badan legislatif untuk memperkuat arsitektur hukum yang mengatur perlindungan nasabah mikrofinansial di Indonesia.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Nasabah atas Praktek Penagihan Angsuran Kredit Tanpa Pencatatan Petugas Bank: Studi pada Bank Mekar Bima Raodatul Jannah; Iksan Iksan; Kasmar Kasmar
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 7 No 4 (2026): Tema Hukum Perdata dan Kenotariatan
Publisher : Himpunan Ilmu Hukum dan Ilmu Hukum Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v7i4.3937

Abstract

This study examines legal protection for customers regarding the practice of credit installment collection without recording by Bank Mekar Bima officers. Collection practices that are not accompanied by official recording can cause losses for customers, such as the occurrence of credit installment arrears. This study aims to determine and analyze the mechanism of credit installment collection carried out by bank officers according to applicable legal provisions, as well as examine the form of legal protection for customers regarding the practice of credit installment collection without recording by Bank Mekar Bima officers. The results of the study indicate that there are indications of collection practices that are not accompanied by official recording evidence, resulting in complaints from customers regarding their payment status. Because proof of payment that should be the basis for legal accountability is not legally documented.
Hukum Perjanjian: Studi Penerapan Asas Konsensualisme sebagai Syarat Sahnya Perjanjian Bisnis Digital Muhammad Arifaturahman; Kasmar Kasmar; Didik Irawansah
Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis Vol 7 No 4 (2026): Tema Hukum Perdata dan Kenotariatan
Publisher : Himpunan Ilmu Hukum dan Ilmu Hukum Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56370/jhlg.v7i4.4303

Abstract

The regulation of business agreements in Indonesia is fundamentally rooted in the Civil Code (KUHPerdata), particularly Book III on Obligations, which embodies the principles of freedom of contract, consensualism and good faith. Despite its colonial origin, these provisions remain the primary foundation of modern business activities. Business agreements encompass not only contracts explicitly regulated by law, such as sale and lease, but also evolve into non-conventional forms responding to commercial needs, including franchises, joint ventures, leasing and electronic contracts. Such developments are reinforced by sectoral regulations on consumer protection, electronic transactions, limited liability companies and financial supervision, which contain both regulatory and mandatory norms to maintain balance between parties. Within this framework, the principle of consensualism occupies a central position as a requirement for contractual validity, whereby an agreement is formed solely through mutual consent, without specific formalities unless prescribed by law. This principle grants flexibility to business actors but remains constrained by good faith, propriety and protection of weaker parties. In the digital era, consent may also be expressed electronically, requiring a progressive interpretation that emphasizes substantive justice rather than mere formal agreement.
Legal Strategy for Sustainable Sargassum Management to Improve the Maritime Economic of Bima Didik Irawansah; Kasmar Kasmar; Muhamad Amin; Absori Absori
JUSTISI Vol. 12 No. 3 (2026): JUSTISI Inpress
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33506/js.v12i3.5503

Abstract

The aim of this study is to describe the economic potential of Sargassum in supporting the maritime economy of coastal communities in Bima Regency and to conceptualize strategic legal policies for the sustainable management of Sargassum to enhance the economic competitiveness of coastal villages in Bima. The method used is an empirical legal study employing a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The study was conducted in the coastal village of Teluk Waworada, Bima Regency, using purposive sampling of relevant stakeholders. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Analysis was conducted qualitatively through data reduction, presentation, and drawing of conclusions. The novelty of this study lies in the formulation of a legal governance policy model for Sargassum that has not been previously researched, integrating environmental protection, the empowerment of coastal communities, and the enhancement of maritime economic competitiveness in Bima Regency.  The results of the study indicate that Sargassum makes a tangible contribution to the income and economic resilience of coastal households; however, its utilization remains traditional, lacking downstream processing and legal certainty. The conclusion is that comprehensive local regulations are needed to ensure sustainability, added value, and the competitiveness of the Sargassum-based maritime economy.
CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS OPERATORS FOR IRON SAND MINING CAUSED ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE Didik Irawansah; Nasrullah; Kasmar
Awang Long Law Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Awang Long Law Review
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Hukum Awang Long

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56301/awl.v5i2.770

Abstract

The purpose of this research is first to describe the arrangement of criminal liability for business actors for iron sand mining activities which result in environmental damage; second, to describe the form of criminal responsibility of business actors for iron sand mining activities which result in environmental damage. Empirical legal research methods (non-doctrinal), case and policy approaches, using data collection, documentation, observation, and interviews and integrating with literature review of legal documents relevant to the object under study, and analyzed descriptively. The results of the study show, First, legal arrangements for criminal acts of environmental pollution committed by business actors, can be seen in Article 98, Article 99, Article 100, Article 101, Article 104, Article 105, and Article 112 of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Protection and Management of the Environment (UUPPLH) can be imposed on individuals, corporations, and authorized officials. Furthermore, accountability for criminal acts of environmental pollution as ultimum remedium is the last legal remedy where the goal is to punish the perpetrators in the form of imprisonment. In enforcing environmental criminal law through four stages namely investigation, prosecution, examination, and execution. In article 94 of the UUPPLH the investigators are Republic of Indonesia Police Officers and Civil Servant Officials, in article 96 evidence, the validity of evidence is witness testimony, expert testimony, letters, certain instructions, statements from the accused, as well as other evidence including evidence which is regulated in laws and regulations. Second, Forms of Corporate Criminal Liability Against Iron Sand Mining Activities Causing Environmental Damage. In the form of absolute liability (strict liability), however, based on Article 88 of the Law, absolute liability or (strict liability) is only limited to the obligation to pay compensation in the event of a civil lawsuit, on the other hand, criminal liability adhered to by the Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management still adheres to the principle of error.
Co-Authors Absori Adnan Aman Ma’arij Andriadin, Andriadin Apriyanti Atri Liani Bima Indrayana Didik Irawansah Firmanto, Taufik Gufran Ikhsan Maulana Iksan Iksan Iksan Ilham Irawansah, Didik Juhriati Juhriati M Amin M Said Muh Asad Imaduddin Muhamad Amin Muhammad Arifaturahman Nasaruddin Nasaruddin Nasrullah Rahmat Akbar Raodatul Jannah Ridwan Sukirman Syamsuddin Wahyudinsyah