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Journal : Journal of Natural Science and Integration

Analysis of Science Textbooks from The Aspect of Scientific Argumentation: Comparing Several Books on The Topic of Heat Aryanti, Dwi; Siswanto, Siswanto; Juliyanto, Eko; Trisnowati, Eli; Amirul, Muhamad Ardi
Journal of Natural Science and Integration Vol 7, No 1 (2024): Journal of Natural Science and Integration
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24014/jnsi.v7i1.9864

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the 2013 Curriculum Middle School Science textbooks published by the Ministry of Education and Culture and Erlangga publications used in Indonesia when compared with the Lower Secondary Science Matters textbooks used in science learning in Singapore in terms of the aspect of scientific argumentation on the topic of heat. This research is qualitative research analyzed using the constant comparison method. The data analysis process was carried out through five stages, namely reduction, organizing, categorization, synthesis and developing working hypotheses. After the organizing stage, a data validity test is carried out using credibility, transferability, anteriority and confirmability techniques. The results of the research found that there were differences in the scientific argumentation aspects of the three textbooks, namely the majority of the Lower Secondary Science Matters textbooks were at level 3, while the majority in the 2013 Curriculum Middle School Science textbooks published by the Ministry of Education and Culture and those published by Erlangga were at level 2. In the Curriculum Science textbooks The 2013 edition of the Ministry of Education and Culture from Indonesia provides more statements accompanied by supporting sentences to prove the truth in the form of data, experiments, observations in daily life, and pictures that illustrate a situation, whereas the Lower Secondary Science Matters textbook provides more statements ( claim) which is accompanied by supporting sentences to prove its truth in the form of data, experiments, observations in daily life, and pictures that illustrate a situation (data), then reinforced by sentences that connect them (warrant).                                                                                        Keywords: scientific argumentation, Toulmin's Argument Pattern (TAP), science textbook.
Development of Teaching Materials Based on Scientific Argumentation on the Topic of Earth and Solar System Nur Setiati, Farida; Siswanto, Siswanto; Juliyanto, Eko; Trisnowati, Eli; Wibowo, Firmanul Catur
Journal of Natural Science and Integration Vol 8, No 2 (2025): Journal of Natural Science and Integration
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24014/jnsi.v8i2.26428

Abstract

Scientific argumentation plays a crucial role in fostering higher-order thinking and scientific literacy in science education. However, studies have shown that Indonesian students’ scientific argumentation skills remain low, while existing science textbooks generally reach only level 2 of argumentation quality. Consequently, these materials are not yet effective in facilitating the development of students’ argumentation competence. Furthermore, the topic of the Earth and the Solar System continues to generate misconceptions among students, highlighting the need for learning materials that integrate structured argumentation activities. This study, therefore, aims to develop science teaching materials based on scientific argumentation activities for the topic of the Earth and the Solar System. The research employed the Fuzzy Delphi Method, encompassing five key stages: (1) determining the model of scientific argumentation construction for developing argumentative texts, (2) defining learning indicators for material development, (3) designing teaching materials based on expert-validated indicators, (4) assessing the readability of the materials, and (5) validating the developed materials. The findings indicate that the resulting teaching materials are valid and appropriate for students’ cognitive levels. The materials were structured using a scientifically validated argumentation model and learning indicators categorized into cognitive levels of remembering, understanding, analyzing, and creating across five subtopics. Readability analysis using the Fry graph confirmed suitability for the target age group, while expert validation demonstrated high content and construct validity. These results suggest that the developed materials effectively support the integration of scientific argumentation in science learning, particularly on Earth and Solar System concepts.Keywords: scientific argumentation, teaching materials, earth and solar system, fuzzy delphi method.