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THE ALKALI TREATMENT PARAMETERS USING TAGUCHI MODEL IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THE OPTIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH OF SINGLE KENAF FIBER Pratiwi, Henny
Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Vol 7, No 2 (2015): November
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (168.59 KB)

The development of high-performance engineering products made from natural resources is increasing worldwide. Kenaf plants have been extensively exploited over the past few years. Chemical treatment is considered to modify the fiber surface properties. In this study, kenaf bast fibers were treated with various concentrations of NaOH with different immersed time, immersed temperature, and dried temperature. Fiber bundle tensile were performed to evaluate the effect of treatments on the fiber tensile strength. Taguchi Methods are used in order to obtain the optimal parameter which could affect the tensile strength of kenaf fibers. Three-Level Orthogonal array is used to design the experiment. Finally, the experimental results will be evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that the most significant alkali parameter is NaOH concentration, which accounts for 40.19 percent of the total. It is also found that the optimum treatment is kenaf immersed in 3 wt. percent NaOH solution for 1 hour at 33 degrees celcius and dried at 60 degrees celcius which is supported by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.

THE EFFECTS OF ANGLE OF ATTACK, REYNOLD NUMBERS AND WINGLET STRUCTURE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CESSNA 172 SKYHAWK Pratiwi, Henny
Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Vol 10, No 1 (2018): Mei
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (159.775 KB)

This research aims to investigate the effects of angle of attack, Reynold numbers and winglet structure on the performance of Cessna 172 Skyhawk aircraft with winglets variation design. Winglets improve efficiency by diffusing the shed wingtip vortex, which reducing the drag due to lift and improving the wingâs lift over drag ratio. In this research, the specimens are the duplicated of Cesnna 172 Skyhawk wing with 1:40 ratio made of balsa wood. There are three different winglet designs that are compared with the one without winglet. The experiments are conducted in an open wind tunnel to measure the lift and drag force with Reynold numbers of 25,000 and 33,000. It can be concluded that the wings with winglets have higher lift coefficient than wing without winglet for both Reynold numbers. It was also found that all wings with winglets have higher lift-to-drag ratio than wings without winglet where the blended 45o cant angle has the highest value.

INFLUENCE OF ALBASIA WOOD ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MORPHOLOGY OF EPOXY COMPOSITES Pratiwi, Henny
Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Vol 10, No 2 (2018): November
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1730.147 KB)

This research aims to investigate the effects of albasia wood filler as alternative reinforcement for extravagant and non-renewable filler being used in epoxy composites. The filler size used was 30 mesh and various filler volume fractions were 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent. Composites were manufactured using hand lay-up method. Properties such as tensile strength, elongation, modulus elasticity and strain energy absorption were determined based on ASTM standard. The results show that filler volume content significantly affects the tensile properties and impact strength of albasia wood-epoxy composites. The optimum tensile properties are achieved when 10 percent filler is added into epoxy matrix. The impact test also shows the same results. Further addition of filler decreases the mechanical properties of composites due to the existence of weak interfacial interaction between the albasia wood filler and polymer matrix for higher filler volume concentration beyond 10 vol. %. The scanning electron micrograph reveals that there are voids and pull-out mechanism on tensile fracture surface which are the cause of the composites failure.

The Effects Of Mixing And Curing On Morphological And Mechanical Properties Of Epoxy-Albasia Composites Pratiwi, Henny
SENATIK STT Adisutjipto Vol 2 (2016): Peran Teknologi dan Kedirgantaraan Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Bangsa
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto

This research is aimed to know the effect of mixing time, mixing speed and curing temperature on morphological and mechanical properties of epoxy-albasia wood fiber composites. The method used in the manufacturing process was hand lay-up method. The fibers with 30 mesh and 25% volume fraction are mixed with epoxy for the time variations of 15 and 45 minutes by speed variation of 695 rpm, 773 rpm, and 853 rpm. In order to investigate the effects of curing temperature, the same mixture was blended manually for 20 minutes and cured with the temperature variation of 40, 50, 60, 70 and 800C. Experimental results show that mixing the fiber and matrix with the speed of 695 rpm for 15 minutes increases the tensile strength but slightly declines the impact strength. This phenomenon could be possibly caused by the longer the mixing time, the higher the amount of foreign particles entered into the mixture that could affect its properties. Both the tensile and impact tests show that the temperature of 80oC is the optimum curing temperature for epoxy-albasia wood fiber composites. Crack deﬂection presented by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs results in an increase in the crack propagation path and in the energy-dissipating events in the region immediately ahead of the crack tip.

Influence of Gmelina Wood on Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Epoxy Composites Prakoso, Agung; Pratiwi, Henny
SENATIK STT Adisutjipto Vol 4 (2018): Transformasi Teknologi untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Nasional [ ISBN 978-602-52742-0-6 ]
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto

Lignocellulosic filler such as gmelina wood flour is an alternative of synthetic reinforcements which is ecofriendly, abundant in nature and inexpensive. This research aims to investigate the effects of gmelina wood filler addition on tensile properties, impact strength and morphology of epoxy composites. Filler volume fractions evaluated were10, 20, 30 and 40 percent with 30 mesh filler size. Hand lay-up method was used to manufacture the composites. Tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation and impact strength were determined based on ASTM standard. Results show that filler addition up to some extents improves the mechanical properties of materials. The optimum tensile properties and impact strength are achieved when 10 percent filler is added into epoxy matrix. Further addition of filler degrades the tensile and impact properties of composites. This phenomenon is due to the existence of weak interfacial interaction between the gmelina wood filler and epoxy matrix for higher filler volume concentration beyond 10 vol. %. The scanning electron micrograph of tensile fracture surface reveals that there are voids, agglomeration and pull-out mechanism which are the cause of the composites failure.

THE EFFECTS OF MAPP ON TENSILE PROPERTIES AND MORPHOLOGY OF KENAF FIBER REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES Pratiwi, Henny
Jurnal Teknologi Vol 11 No 1 (2018): Jurnal Teknologi
Publisher : Jurnal Teknologi, Fakultas Teknologi Industri, Institut Sains & Teknologi AKPRIND Yogyakarta

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Efek penambahan maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) sebagai coupling agent pada komposit serat kenaf tanpa perlakuan dan dengan perlakuan/matriks polypropylene (PP) terhadap kekuatan tarik dan morfologi dikaji pada penelitian ini. Serat kenaf direndam pada NaOH dengan konsentrasi 6% pada suhu 100oC selama 1 jam. Jumlah MAPP yang ditambahkan adalah 5 wt.% dan 10 wt.%. 30 lapis kenaf/PP/MAPP dipanaskan pada suhu 170oC dengan tekanan 26 bar selama 3 menit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan tarik optimum diperoleh untuk komposit dengan serat kenaf yang diberi perlakuan dengan tambahan MAPP 5% dimana kekuatan tarik meningkat sebesar 77,3% dibandingkan dengan spesimen yang memiliki serat tanpa perlakuan dan tanpa penambahan MAPP. Hasil scanning electron microscopy pada permukaan patahan uji tarik menunjukkan bahwa terdapat fenomena iber pull out yang menandakan bahwa terjadi pemindahan gaya yang efektif antara matriks PP dan serat kenaf.

INFLUENCE OF ALBASIA WOOD ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MORPHOLOGY OF EPOXY COMPOSITES Henny Pratiwi
Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Vol 10, No 2 (2018): November
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

This research aims to investigate the effects of albasia wood filler as alternative reinforcement for extravagant and non-renewable filler being used in epoxy composites. The filler size used was 30 mesh and various filler volume fractions were 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent. Composites were manufactured using hand lay-up method. Properties such as tensile strength, elongation, modulus elasticity and strain energy absorption were determined based on ASTM standard. The results show that filler volume content significantly affects the tensile properties and impact strength of albasia wood-epoxy composites. The optimum tensile properties are achieved when 10 percent filler is added into epoxy matrix. The impact test also shows the same results. Further addition of filler decreases the mechanical properties of composites due to the existence of weak interfacial interaction between the albasia wood filler and polymer matrix for higher filler volume concentration beyond 10 vol. %. The scanning electron micrograph reveals that there are voids and pull-out mechanism on tensile fracture surface which are the cause of the composites failure.

The Effects Of Mixing And Curing On Morphological And Mechanical Properties Of Epoxy-Albasia Composites Henny Pratiwi
SENATIK STT Adisutjipto Vol 2 (2016): Peran Teknologi dan Kedirgantaraan Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Bangsa
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/senatik.v2i0.46

This research is aimed to know the effect of mixing time, mixing speed and curing temperature on morphological and mechanical properties of epoxy-albasia wood fiber composites. The method used in the manufacturing process was hand lay-up method. The fibers with 30 mesh and 25% volume fraction are mixed with epoxy for the time variations of 15 and 45 minutes by speed variation of 695 rpm, 773 rpm, and 853 rpm. In order to investigate the effects of curing temperature, the same mixture was blended manually for 20 minutes and cured with the temperature variation of 40, 50, 60, 70 and 800C. Experimental results show that mixing the fiber and matrix with the speed of 695 rpm for 15 minutes increases the tensile strength but slightly declines the impact strength. This phenomenon could be possibly caused by the longer the mixing time, the higher the amount of foreign particles entered into the mixture that could affect its properties. Both the tensile and impact tests show that the temperature of 80oC is the optimum curing temperature for epoxy-albasia wood fiber composites. Crack deﬂection presented by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrographs results in an increase in the crack propagation path and in the energy-dissipating events in the region immediately ahead of the crack tip.

Influence of Gmelina Wood on Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Epoxy Composites Agung Prakoso; Henny Pratiwi
SENATIK STT Adisutjipto Vol 4 (2018): Transformasi Teknologi untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Nasional [ ISBN 978-602-52742-0-6 ]
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/senatik.v4i0.253

Lignocellulosic filler such as gmelina wood flour is an alternative of synthetic reinforcements which is ecofriendly, abundant in nature and inexpensive. This research aims to investigate the effects of gmelina wood filler addition on tensile properties, impact strength and morphology of epoxy composites. Filler volume fractions evaluated were10, 20, 30 and 40 percent with 30 mesh filler size. Hand lay-up method was used to manufacture the composites. Tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation and impact strength were determined based on ASTM standard. Results show that filler addition up to some extents improves the mechanical properties of materials. The optimum tensile properties and impact strength are achieved when 10 percent filler is added into epoxy matrix. Further addition of filler degrades the tensile and impact properties of composites. This phenomenon is due to the existence of weak interfacial interaction between the gmelina wood filler and epoxy matrix for higher filler volume concentration beyond 10 vol. %. The scanning electron micrograph of tensile fracture surface reveals that there are voids, agglomeration and pull-out mechanism which are the cause of the composites failure.

THE ALKALI TREATMENT PARAMETERS USING TAGUCHI MODEL IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THE OPTIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH OF SINGLE KENAF FIBER Henny Pratiwi
Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Vol 7, No 2 (2015): November
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

The development of high-performance engineering products made from natural resources is increasing worldwide. Kenaf plants have been extensively exploited over the past few years. Chemical treatment is considered to modify the fiber surface properties. In this study, kenaf bast fibers were treated with various concentrations of NaOH with different immersed time, immersed temperature, and dried temperature. Fiber bundle tensile were performed to evaluate the effect of treatments on the fiber tensile strength. Taguchi Methods are used in order to obtain the optimal parameter which could affect the tensile strength of kenaf fibers. Three-Level Orthogonal array is used to design the experiment. Finally, the experimental results will be evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that the most significant alkali parameter is NaOH concentration, which accounts for 40.19 percent of the total. It is also found that the optimum treatment is kenaf immersed in 3 wt. percent NaOH solution for 1 hour at 33 degrees celcius and dried at 60 degrees celcius which is supported by the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.

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