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Economic Valuation of Marine Tourism Based on Bio-Ecoregion (Case Study in Batukaras Beach, Pangandaran District, West Java Province, Indonesia) Atikah Nurhayati; Asep K Supriatna; Asep Agus Handaka; Titin Herawati; Wahyuniar Pamungkas; Nora Akbarsyah; Isni Nurruhwati; Venda Jolanda Pical
ECSOFiM (Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine Journal) Vol 10, No 1 (2022): ECSOFiM October 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.ecsofim.2022.010.01.09

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on all economic sectors and the order of life in society, including the marine tourism sector. As in the Batukaras Beach tourism area, West Java Province. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the level of tourist visits marine tourism area of Batukaras Beach and the economic value of marine tourism. The research conducted in May 2021 – June 2022. The data used primary and secondary data, using purposive sampling as many as 106 respondents using multiple linear regression and travel cost method. Based on the results of the research, the factors that influence marine tourism visits are variables X1 natural conditions of marine tourism, X2 types of marine tourism attractions, X3 distance traveled, X4 length of time for tourism activities, X5 level of education, X6 income level, X7 age, X8 travel cost. Based on this research it was obtained economic value of the marine tourism environment based on travel expenses in Batukaras Beach is IDR 79,795,000. Consumer surplus or tourists' willingness to pay based on the individual travel cost method is IDR 2,975.08/individual/visiting and economic value of marine tourism based on willingness to pay in Batukaras Beach IDR 1,039,130,027.
Peningkatan Daya Saing Produk Usaha Kecil Menengah dan Mikro (UMKM) Melalui Standarisasi Mutu Kualitas Produk, di Desa Pasigaran Kecamatan Tanjungsari Kecamatan Sumedang Wahyuniar Pamungkas; Sheila Zallesa
Farmers: Journal of Community Services Vol 3, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Unpad Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/fjcs.v3i1.37602

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Usaha Kecil Menengah dan Mikro (UMKM) memiliki peran besar terhadap perekonomian negara Indonesia, terlebih lagi disaat krisis ekonomi. Pada situasi pandemic covid – 19 terjadi penambahan sektor wirausaha dan informal yang sangat besar yang terjadi diakibatkan oleh pemutusan hak kerja (PHK). Hal tersebut membuat persaingan di sektor UMKM menjadi sangat tinggi. Agar mampu terus bersaing para pelaku UMKM diharapkan mampu berinovasi, salah satu inovasi yang bisa dilakukan melalui inovasi pemasaran dan penerapan standar kualitas yang baik. Upaya penerapan standar kualitas yang baik, para pelaku UMKM sudah menyadari akan pentingnya kualitas produk akan tetapi dalam upaya menjaga standar kualitas nya mereka mengalami beberapa kendala. Dalam kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini diberikan beberapa pelatihan materi mengenai alat – alat (tools) dalam penerapan standar kualitas. Alat standar kualitas yang dirasakan mudah dipahami dan diterapkan oleh para pelaku UMKM di Desa Pasigaran adalah melalui Metode SOP (standard Operation Procedure) dan dipermudah dengan ilustrasi flowchart.   Kata kunci : UMKM ; standar kualitas, SOP, Flowchart
Sustainable Tourism in 2024: The Role of Tourists and Industry in Preserving Marine Nature Prihadi, Donny Juliandri; Dhahiyat, Ahmad Prawira; Kristiadhi, Fanny; Pamungkas, Wahyuniar
MSJ : Majority Science Journal Vol. 2 No. 4 (2024): MSJ-November
Publisher : PT. Hafasy Dwi Nawasena

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61942/msj.v2i4.252

Abstract

In 2024, sustainable tourism will become the main focus of the global tourism industry, especially in preserving marine nature that is vulnerable to environmental damage. Marine tourism, such as diving and snorkeling, is increasingly popular, but also poses a threat to marine ecosystems. These tourism activities have had serious impacts on coral reefs, fish populations, and seawater quality. Therefore, a collaborative strategy is needed between tourists and the industry to create a balanced positive impact. The tourism industry is required to introduce environmentally friendly tourism practices, while tourists need to be educated to be aware of the impact of their activities on the environment. This study aims to identify the role of tourists and industry in preserving the ocean through sustainable tourism practices in Indonesia. This study uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to examine scientific studies and relevant practices in sustainable marine tourism management. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that collaboration between tourists, industry, and government can increase the effectiveness of marine conservation. On the other hand, there are challenges related to implementation costs, as well as public understanding of the importance of a healthy marine ecosystem. Therefore, increasing public awareness and strong policy support are important to ensure the sustainability of the tourism sector and the sustainability of the marine environment in Indonesia.
Analysis of Land Suitability for Mangrove Ecotourism in Tanjung Lesung, Banten Province Tahapary, Gifano Gias Gemayal; Riyantini, Indah; Pamungkas, Wahyuniar; Taofiqurohman, Ankiq
Journal of Indonesian Tourism and Development Studies Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Graduate School, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jitode.2023.011.01.03

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are generally found in all coastal areas of Indonesia, which are affected by tides and inundate these ecosystems along the coast. The function of the mangrove ecosystem as ecotourism is an alternative that can be developed in coastal areas. The purpose of this study was to identify the diversity of flora and fauna, determine the allocation of mangrove ecosystem land for ecotourism and determine the carrying capacity of the mangrove ecosystem area to be used for ecotourism. This research was carried out from January to February 2021 in the Tanjung Lesung area, Banten, with three research stations based on the initial survey and the data provided by the manager. The data taken in this study are mangrove ecosystems, associated biota, mangrove thickness, and respondents from visitors who aim to find out how long it takes their visit. The results obtained are there are nine types of mangroves from six families. The mangrove density of the research location is 796 ind.ha-1. The biota found at the research site found seven biota. The results of the calculation of ecotourism suitability at Station I have a value of 58.3% with the S2 category, and Station II has a value of 72.2% with the S2 category. Station III has a value of 33.3% with the S3 category. The calculation results of the area's carrying capacity for tracking activities are 180 people per day with a usable area of about 2200 m2. Keywords: Carrying Capacity, Ecotourism, Land Suitability, Mangroves, Tanjung Lesung.
Analysis of Effective Promotional Media in Marketing Tour Package Products: A Case Study in Pangandaran Regency Adiguna, Rido; Nurhayati, Atikah; Suryana, Asep Agus Handaka; Pamungkas, Wahyuniar; Prihadi, Donny Juliandri
Jurnal Pariwisata Nusantara (JUWITA) Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): Jurnal Pariwisata Nusantara (JUWITA)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI PARIWISATA SYARAH, FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS ISLAM, UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI MATARAM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/juwita.v3i3.11193

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze effective promotional media for marketing tour package products in Pangandaran Regency. Method: The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. The data got through survey data collection methods distributed to 40 respondents with a purposive sampling technique. The respondents are 40 people who have bought tour packages for Pangandaran or who have visited Pangandaran.Then the data from the 40 respondents were processed using SPSS analysis tools with descriptive statistical analysis techniques. Result: Based on the results of data analysis got using the SPSS analysis tool, the effective promotional media in marketing tour package products in Pangandaran Regency is social media with an average score of 4.70 respondents' answers including in the very high category and the type of social media is the Instagram application with an average score of 4.83 respondents answers including in the very high category. Contribution: The results can be a reference for travel agents or the like in promoting tour package products.
Utilizing of black cumin (Nigella sativa) flour to increase the immunity system of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria attack Norma Rizki Silviana; Rosidah; Wahyuniar Pamungkas; Roffi Grandiosa
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19027/jai.21.2.161-177

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine dose of black cumin flour in fish feed diets which can improve the disease resistance of tilapia against the attack of A. hydrophila. This study was used tilapia juvenile with a size of 7 – 8 cm. This study was conducted from March – May 2021 and the experimental method is completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment used were addition of black cumin flour into fish feed with doses 0 (A), 20 (B), 35 (C), 50 (D), and 65 (E) g/Kg feed. The treatments fed by supplemental diets contained black cumin flour was conducted for 14 days, then a challenge test was carried out with the infection of A. hydrophila bacteria by immersion for14 days. A. hydrophila bacteria used to infect fish had a density of 108 CFU/mL. The Parameters used were total leukocyte, hematocrit, total leukocyte differential, clinical symptoms, survival rate and water quality. The result showed that black cumin flour was effective to increase the immunity system of tilapia. The dose of 50 g/Kg feed was effective showed increase the highest percentage increase in white blood cells of 64.56%, compared to treatments B, C, and E which showed an increase in white blood cells of 47.40%, 48.82% and 1.2%, respectively. Treatment A decreased the percentage of white blood cells by 19.52%. The 50 g dose of black cumin showed the highest percentage value of hematocrit and leukocyte differential in tilapia fry, respectively 34%, lymphocytes 84.3%, monocytes 6%, and neutrophils 9.7% with the fastest recovery period (4 days) and after the challenge test resulted in the highest survival rate of 95%. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, tilapia juvenile, black cumin, immune system ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dosis tepung jintan hitam dalam formula pakan ikan yang dapat meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan nila terhadap serangan bakteri A. hydrophila. Penelitian ini menggunakan benih ikan nila dengan ukuran 7-8 cm. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret – Mei 2021 dan metode eksperimen yang digunakan adalah model Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penambahan tepung jintan hitam pada pakan dengan dosis 0 (A), 20 (B), 35 (C) 50 (D) dan 65 (E) g/Kg pakan. Pemeliharaan ikan uji yang diberikan perlakuan yang mengandung tepung jintan hitam dilakukan selama 14 hari, setelah itu dilanjutkan uji tantang menggunakan bakteri A. hydrophila dengan metode immersi selama 14 hari. Bakteri A. hydrophila yang digunakan untuk menginfeksi ikan memiliki kepadatan 108 CFU/mL. Parameter yang digunakan yaitu leukosit, hematokrit, differensial leukosit, gejala klinis, kelangsungan hidup dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan tepung jintan hitam dapat meningkatkan ketahanan tubuh ikan nila. Dosis jintan hitam 50 g per 1 kg pakan paling efektif, terlihat dari persentase peningkatan sel darah putih tertinggi sebesar 64.56%, dibandingkan perlakuan B, C, dan E yang masing masing menunjukan peningkatan sel darah putih sebesar 47.40%, 48.82% dan 1.2%. Perlakuan A mengalami penurunan persentase sel darah putih sebesar 19.52%. Dosis jintan hitam 50 g menunjukkan nilai persentase hematokrit dan differensial leukosit yang paling tinggi pada benih ikan nila, masing-masing sebesar 34%, limfosit 84.3%, monosit 6%, dan neutrofil 9.7% dengan masa pemulihan tercepat (4 hari) dan setelah di uji tantang menghasilkan kelangsungan hidup tertinggi yaitu sebesar 95%. Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, benih ikan nila, jintan hitam, sistem imu
PHYSICAL FEASIBILITY OF HYDRO-OCEANOGRAPHY FOR MARINE CULTURE WITH FLOATING NET CAGES ON THE EAST COAST OF PANGANDARAN Firdaus, Muhamad Dadan; Gumilar, Iwang; Syamsuddin, Mega Laksmini; Pamungkas, Wahyuniar
Aqusains: Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan dan Sumberdaya Perairan Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Perikanan dan Kelautan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/aqs.v12i3.p1556-1562

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the physical feasibility of hydro-oceanography for marine culture business locations with floating net cages in the east coast area of Pangandaran, West Java. The method used in this study was a case study method with secondary data collected from satellite images and publication results. The results of this study showed that the location of the marine culture business with floating net cages on the east coast of Pangandaran is physically feasible for the cultivation of several commodities. Standard parameters for grouper culti-vation (Epinephelus sp.) are as follows: temperature 25-33 °C, salinity 20-35 ppt, pH 6.5-8.9, DO >4 mg/l, and ocean currents 10-75 cm/s. Standard parame-ters for lobster cultivation (Nephropi-dae) are conditionally: temperature 25-32 °C, salinity 25-37 ppt, pH 7.5-8.5, DO >4 mg/l, and ocean currents 5-100 cm/s. Standard aquatic parameters for barramundi cultivation (Lates calcarifer) are conditionally: temperature 26-32 °C, salinity 15-35 ppt, pH 7-8.5, DO >4 mg/l. Hydro-oceanographic parameter data from field measurements showed: temperature 27-30 °C, salinity 33-34 ppt, pH 7-8, DO 5.55-6.5 mg/l, and currents <100 cm/s. This means that hydro-oceanographic parameters for the marine culture on the East Coast of Pangandaran for lobster, grouper, and barramundi commodities are within the feasible category.  Keywords: Lobster culture, ocean data view, water qualty.
Analisis Keberlanjutan Pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Penyu Di Pesisir Pangandaran, Jawa Barat Oktavianti, Lestari; Pamungkas, Wahyuniar; MS, Yuniarti; Yuliadi, Lintang Permata Sari
Jurnal Kelautan Vol 18, No 2: Agustus (2025)
Publisher : Department of Marine Sciences, Trunojoyo University of Madura, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/jk.v18i2.31230

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenyu merupakan salah satu reptil laut yang kini keberadaannya terancam punah. Kawasan konservasi penyu memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga keberlangsungan penyu. Konservasi penyu yang terdapat di Pangandaran, diantaranya berada di pesisir pantai Batu Hiu dan Legokjawa. Pengelolaan kawasan konservasi tersebut dinilai masih kurang optimal, sehingga diperlukan perbaikan pengelolaan agar dapat berjalan secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status keberlanjutan pengelolaan konservasi penyu di Pantai Batu Hiu dan Legok Jawa, Kabupaten Pangandaran ditinjau dari dimensi ekologi, ekonomi, sosial, kelembagaan, dan infrastruktur. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) dengan bantuan Rapfish. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa status keberlanjutan konservasi penyu di Batu Hiu dan Legok Jawa berada pada kategori cukup berkelanjutan dengan nilai indeks masing-masing sebesar 62,43% dan 56,35%. Seluruh dimensi yang dianalisis menunjukkan status keberlanjutan dengan kategori cukup berkelanjutan. Di kawasan konservasi Batu Hiu, dimensi infrastruktur memiliki nilai tertinggi sebesar 73,36%, sedangkan dimensi ekologi memperoleh nilai terendah 53,93%, kemudian dimensi sosial memperoleh nilai 71,44%, ekonomi 55,53%, dan kelembagaan 57,92%, Sementara pada konservasi Legok Jawa, dimensi ekologi memiliki nilai tertinggi sebesar 65,61%, sedangkan dimensi ekonomi memiliki nilai terendah 51,54%. Kemudian dimensi lainnya, yaitu dimensi sosial memiliki nilai 54,61%, dimensi kelembagaan 54,58%, dan dimensi infrastruktur 55,41%. Kata Kunci: Konservasi Penyu, Keberlanjutan, MDS, PengelolaanABSTRACTSea turtles are one of the marine reptiles that are now threatened with extinction. Sea turtle conservation areas play an important role in ensuring the survival of sea turtles. Sea turtle conservation areas in Pangandaran include those located on the coast of Batu Hiu and Legokjawa. The management of these conservation areas is considered to be less than optimal, so improvements are needed to ensure sustainable management. This study aims to analyze the sustainability status of sea turtle conservation management at Batu Hiu and Legok Jawa beaches in Pangandaran District, focusing on ecological, economic, social, institutional, and infrastructure dimensions. The analysis method used in this study is Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) with the assistance of Rapfish. The analysis results indicate that the sustainability status of sea turtle conservation at Batu Hiu and Legok Jawa falls into the moderately sustainable category, with index values of 62.43% and 56.35%, respectively. All analyzed dimensions show a moderately sustainable status. At the Batu Hiu conservation area, the infrastructure dimension has the highest value at 73.36%, while the ecological dimension had the lowest value of 53.93%, followed by the social dimension with a value of 71.44%, the economic dimension with 55.53%, and the institutional dimension with 57.92%. Meanwhile, in the Legok Jawa conservation area, the ecological dimension had the highest value of 65.61%, while the economic dimension had the lowest value of 51.54%. The other dimensions are as follows: the social dimension has a value of 54.61%, the institutional dimension 54.58%, and the infrastructure dimension 55.41%. Keywords: Sea Turtle Conservation, Sustainability, MDS, Management
Hubungan Kerapatan Lamun dengan Kelimpahan Teripang (Holothuroidea) di Perairan Pantai Domba, Kabupaten Pandeglang, Banten Shofiah, Audina; Sunarto, Sunarto; Yuliadi, Lintang Permata Sari; Pamungkas, Wahyuniar
Juvenil Vol 6, No 3: Agustus (2025)
Publisher : Department of Marine and Fisheries, Trunojoyo University of Madura, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/juvenil.v6i3.31141

Abstract

Padang lamun dengan kerapatan tinggi dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat perlindungan bagi teripang, menciptakan lingkungan yang aman dari predator dan menyediakan berbagai sumber makanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kondisi kerapatan lamun, kelimpahan teripang dan hubungan antara keduanya di Perairan Pantai Domba. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Pengamatan tegakan lamun dan jumlah teripang dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode line transek kuadran. Penentuan stasiun pengamatan berdasarkan kerapatan lamun rapat, sedang dan jarang. Kerapatan lamun rapat berjumlah 191,27 ind/m2, kerapatan sedang sebesar 128,85 ind/m2, dan kerapatan jarang sebesar 99,03 ind/m2. Jenis lamun yang tumbuh di wilayah Pantai Domba, terdapat tiga spesies lamun yang ditemukan, yaitu Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata dan Cymodocea serrulata. Spesies teripang yang ditemukan hanya Holothuria leucospilota. Pada area dengan lamun rapat, kelimpahan berkisar antara 4,36 – 5,58 ind/m², pada lamun sedang 2,67 - 3,27 ind/m², dan pada lamun jarang 1,45 – 2,06 ind/m². Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang erat antara kerapatan lamun dengan Kelimpahan Teripang di Pantai Domba dengan nilai (r = 0,998). Sebanyak 99,6 % kelimpahan teripang dipengaruhi oleh kerapatan lamun dan sisanya sebanyak 0,4 % dipengaruhi oleh faktor lainnya seperti faktor lingkungan dan ketersediaan makanan yang mempengaruhi kelangsungan hidup teripang
Inovasi E-Katalog Berbasis Human Centered Design Sebagai Media Promosi Ekowisata Di Smiling Coral Indonesia, Pulau Pramuka Alrizky, Rahmi Tazkiya; Pamungkas, Wahyuniar; Junirahma, Nur Sakinah; Sunarto, Sunarto; Dhahiyat, Ahmad Prawira
Juvenil Vol 6, No 3: Agustus (2025)
Publisher : Department of Marine and Fisheries, Trunojoyo University of Madura, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/juvenil.v6i3.31515

Abstract

ABSTRAKSmiling Coral Indonesia merupakan organisasi yang aktif dalam mengembangkan inisiatif konservasi laut yang terintegrasi dengan aktivitas ekowisata di Pulau Pramuka. Dalam penyebaran informasi mengenai kegiatan tersebut, Smiling Coral Indonesia membutuhkan media promosi berupa katalog yang tersusun secara sistematis dan menarik bagi wisatawan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan preferensi wisatawan dan pengelola Smiling Coral Indonesia, Pulau Pramuka mengenai aspek e-katalog terdahulu yang perlu diperbaiki sebagai dasar perancangan inovasi selanjutnya. Setelah  preferensi diperoleh, dilakukan perancangan e-katalog inovasi melalui pendekatan Human Centered Design sebagai bentuk pembaruan media promosi aktivitas ekowisata di Smiling Coral Indonesia, Pulau Pramuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode mixed methods dengan teknik pengumpulan data secara purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan pengujian hasil rancangan menggunakan System Usability Scale (SUS). Analisis kegunaan melibatkan pengguna serta umpan balik dari ahli media komunikasi visual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan e-katalog terdahulu memerlukan perbaikan pada aspek tampilan dan informasi. E-katalog inovasi berbasis website terbukti mampu meningkatkan efektivitas penyampaian informasi mengenai paket ekowisata dan paket konservasi yang lebih terstruktur, menarik, dan mudah diakses oleh calon wisatawan. Perbaikan ini mendukung peningkatan profesionalisme Smiling Coral Indonesia sebagai penyedia layanan ekowisata serta memperkuat promosi nilai-nilai konservasi laut yang menjadi fokus utama dalam pengembangan ekowisata berkelanjutan di Pulau Pramuka.Kata Kunci: E-Katalog, Ekowisata, Human Centered Design (HCD), Pulau Pramuka.ABSTRACTSmiling Coral Indonesia is an organization actively in developing marine conservation integrated with ecotourism activities on Pramuka Island. To disseminate information about these activities, Smiling Coral Indonesia requires a promotional medium in the form of a systematically organized and visually appealing catalog for prospective tourists. This study aims to identify the preferences of tourists and tourism managers regarding aspects of the previous e-catalog that need improvement as the foundation for the next design innovation. After collecting these preferences, the new e-catalog was developed using a Human-Centered Design approach as an updated promotional tool for Smiling Coral Indonesia’s ecotourism activities. This research employed a mixed methods with purposive sampling. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews and Usability testing using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Usability analysis involved both users and feedback from visual communication media experts. The findings show that the previous e-catalog required improvements in terms of visual presentation and content structure. The newly designed e-catalog successfully enhances the effectiveness of information delivery about ecotourism and conservation packages, making it more organized, engaging, and accessible to potential visitors. These  improvements  support the  professionalization of Smiling Coral Indonesia as an ecotourism service provider and strengthen the promotion of marine conservation values, which are central to the development of sustainable ecotourism on Pramuka Island.Keywords: E-Catalogue, Ecotourism, Human Centered Design (HCD), Pramuka Island.
Co-Authors Adhitya Rakhmadi Adiguna, Rido Ahmad Prawira Dhahiyat Aini Iftinaan K J Ainni, Chusnul Firaqie Ajeng Wulandari Alrizky, Rahmi Tazkiya Ankiq Taofiqurohman S Annisa Putri Fitrian Aprilia Ferennis Asep Agus Handaka Suryana Asep K Supriatna Atikah Nurhayati Averous Mutahari Ayi Yustiati Cholimatus Sa&#039;diah Darmawan, Prafitri Saraswati Delilla Suhanda Dewanto - Bismantoro Dhahiyat, Ahmad Prawira Dhahiyat, Ahmad Prawira Donny Juliandri Prihadi Elwie, Madu Maybelle Von Eri Bachtiar Evi Novianti Fanny Kristiandhi Fanny Kristiandhi Firdaus, Muhamad Dadan Ghulam M. Lahbar Handaka, Asep Agus Heni Eni Fitriani heni heni Indah Riyantini Indah Riyantini Indah Riyantini Indah Riyantini Isni Nurruhwati Iwang Gumilar Junirahma, Nur Sakinah Junirahma, Nur Sakinah Krisnadi, Fanny Kristiadhi, Fanny Lintang Permata Sari Yuliadi Lintang Permata Sari Yuliadi, Lintang Permata Sari M. Lahbar, Ghulam Maulana Arif, Risandi Mega Laksmini Syamsuddin Mochamad Untung Kurnia Agung Moehamad Alfari Ramadhan Moh Wildan Lesmana MS, Yuniarti Muhamad Satrio Legowo Muhammad Raihan Shalahuddin Muhammad Wahyudin Lewaru Muhammad Yusuf Nora Akbarsyah Norma Rizki Silviana Novianti, Evi Nur Sakinah Junirahma Oktavianti, Lestari Prafitri Saraswati Darmawan Rendika Kamiswara Roffi Grandiosa Rosidah Shafira Bilqis Annida Shalahuddin, Muhammad Raihan Sheila Zallesa Shofiah, Audina Sri Astuty Sri Astuty Sri Astuty Sri Astuty Subiyanto Subiyanto Sunarto Sunarto Tahapary, Gifano Gias Gemayal Titin Herawati Venda Jolanda Pical Vira Annisa Rachma Walim Lili Wildan Dhya Ulhaq Hidayat Yeni Mulyani Yuniarti MS