Qadir, Abdul
Departemen Agronomi Dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor (Bogor Agricultural University), Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

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Pengaruh lama penyimpanan dan jenis kemasan terhadap viabilitas benih rekalsitran pala (Myristica fragrans Hout) Yudhi Arie Priyanto; Abdul Qadir; MR Suhartanto; Melati Nazar; Ristina Siti Sundari

Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Yudharta Pasuruan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (838.137 KB) | DOI: 10.35891/agx.v13i1.2849

Abstract

Introduction: Nutmeg seeds are recalcitrant seeds that cannot be stored for long periods of time. The quality of nutmeg seed rapidly declines so that it can affect the productivity of both the seed and its production. This study aims to determine the effect of the storage period and the type of packaging for the storage of nutmeg seeds. Method: This study used a factorial complete block design with the type of packaging factor in several storage periods. Treatment Types of Packaging (K) consisted of four types, namely plastic standing pouch packaging with a size of 14 x 20 cm with a thickness of 0.10 mm (K1), plastic sack packaging which was converted to a size of 17 x 21 cm with a thickness of 0.10 mm (K2), a burlap sack packaging which was converted to a size of 14.5 x 20 cm thickness 0,20 mm (K3), and a rectangular jar measuring 12 x 19 cm thickness 0,20 mm (K4). The storage period was carried out for 12 days (P1), 18 days (P2) and 24 days (P3). The experiment was carried out in room conditions with an average temperature of 28.910C and RH 61.17%. Result: The results showed that storage of nutmeg seeds for 12 days in plastic standing pouch packaging was able to maintain the viability of nutmeg seeds. Storage like this produces seeds with germination capacity (56.25%), moisture content (48.42%), respiration rate (32.35 mmCO2/kg/hour), growth speed (10.5%/etmal), vigor index (9.73) and seed germination capacity. 55.00. Conclusion: Nutmeg seeds should be sown immediately after download. However, with certain storage techniques, nutmeg seeds can still survive with good quality at 12 days of storage in standing pouch packaging with zeolite.
KUANTIFIKASI METABOLISME PERKEMBANGAN PLUMULA DAN RADIKULA PADA PROSES PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH KEDELAI (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Mohamad Arif; Kartika Kartika; Abdul Qadir; Astryani Rosyad
Jurnal Agrotek Lestari Vol 6, No 2 (2020): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Teuku Umar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35308/jal.v6i2.3177

Abstract

Salah satu teknis budidaya yang mendasar untuk peningkatan produksi adalah penggunaan benih bermutu tinggi yang memiliki viabilitas dan vigor yang tinggi. Akan tetapi penentuan viabilitas dan vigor lot benih mengalami kesulitan karena pada umumnya pengujian vigor dilakukan dengan menggunakan benih yang berbeda dengan benih yang ditanam. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk melihat potensi penggunaan gambar dua dimensi untuk penentuan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan benih kedelai selama proses perkecambahan, serta mengukur pertambahan bobot kering komponen kecambah (tajuk dan akar) selama perkembangan kecambah. Pengecambahan dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode top of paper menggunakan kaca sebagai wadah dan kertas tisu sebagai media pengecambahan. Hasil percobaan memperlihatkan bahwa penggunaan kertas tisu sebagai media pengecambahan memiliki kendala tersendiri dimana akar tanaman dapat menembus permukaan tisu sehingga pengukuran keseluruhan luas permukaan akar secara relatif lebih sulit untuk dilakukan. Meski demikian, penentuan luas permukaan akar dan luas permukaan tajuk dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan gambar dua dimensi, demikian juga halnya dengan bobot massa kering kedua komponen kecambah tersebut.
Soil Seed Bank of Two Karst Ecosystems in Bogor, Indonesia: Similarity with the Aboveground Vegeta-tion and Its Restoration Potential Winda Utami Putri; Ibnul Qayim; Abdul Qadir
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 7 No. 3 (2017)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.07.03.07

Abstract

Karst ecosystem in Bogor is currently threatened by mining activities. Restoration of the disturbed karst areas is urgently required. Seed banks are considered as an important potential seed sources for restoration. This study was conducted to quantify the composition and species diversity of the aboveground vegetation and the seed bank. The study determined the correspondence between the seed bank with the aboveground vegetation in relation with ecosystem restoration. Twenty 6 m × 6 m vegetation plots were established. A total of sixty soil samples were taken from the study sites. The seed bank was studied using germination experiment. All plant species in the vegetation plots and seedlings growing from all soil samples were identified and the number was counted to determine the composition, index of diversity, and index of similarity. There were 80 species from 41 families found in the seed bank in Mt. Nyungcung, dominated by Clidemia hirta (Melastomataceae), whereas 50 species from 29 families found in Mt. Kapur with Cecropia peltata (Urticaceae) dominated the site. Diversity index of Mt. Nyungcung and Mt. Kapur seed banks were 2.09 ± 0.21 and 1.78 ± 0.47 respectively. The similarity index between seed bank and the aboveground vegetation in the two study sites were 32.86% and 27.66% respectively. Mt. Nyungcung seed bank was more diverse than Mt. Kapur. The similarity between the seed bank with the aboveground vegetation in the two study sites were low. Further assessment is needed to determine the role of the seed bank of Mt. Nyungcung and Mt. Kapur in the restoration of the ecosystems.
PENGEMBANGAN METODE UJI VIGOR BENIH CABAI MERAH (Capsicum annuum L.) PADA BEBERAPA POTENSIAL AIR Subhan Arridho -; Undang; Astriyani Rosyad; Abdul Qadir
JURNAL AGRONIDA Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Agronida
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/jag.v8i2.6392

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik radicle emergence (RE) benih cabai dan pola imbibisi air pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan, serta korelasinya dengan metode uji vigor lainnya. Percobaan dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga Maret 2022, bertempat di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura Fakultas Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor. Percobaan dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat taraf potensial air (Ψ) yaitu 0, -0.4, -0.6, dan -1.3 MPa, dan tiga ulangan. Benih cabai yang digunakan adalah genotipe Pesona hasil pemuliaan Laboratorium Pendidikan IPB. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perubahan imbibisi air pada perlakuan Ψ -0.4 MPa memperlihatkan kurva yang sigmoid, terdiri atas tiga fase, yaitu fase I (0 – 24 jam), fase II (24 – 96 jam), dan fase III (> 96 jam). Pemunculan radikula pertama kali terjadi pada fase II (72 jam) dan kecambah normal muncul pertama kali di fase III (168 jam). Pengujian pemunculan radikula (RE) benih cabai pada cekaman kekeringan dapat menggunakan potensial air (Ψ) maksimal -0.4 MPa. Pengujian vigor benih dengan pemunculan radikula (RE) pada percobaan ini menunjukkan lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan tolak ukur yang lain pada potensial air (Ψ) -0.4 MPa. Uji pemunculan radikula (RE) menunjukkan hubungan korelasi sangat erat dengan tolok ukur laju pertumbuhan kecambah (r=0,945), daya berkecambah (r=0,958), dan kecepatan tumbuh (r=0.923).
Fine Bubbles Utilization to Increase Germination Rate of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis L. Jacq) Seeds Mohamad Arif; Satriyas Ilyas; Eny Widajati; Abdul Qadir; Edy Suprianto; Endah Retno Palupi
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 45, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v45i1.3908

Abstract

The current method to break oil palm seed dormancy is the dry heat method which requires approximately 90 days for seeds to germinate with an average germination percentage. Therefore, hastening the process with a higher ratio of germinated seeds becomes necessary. This experiment aims to hasten and increase germination percentage by applying fine bubble water during the dormancy-breaking process. A seed lot derived from one bunch as replication is divided into two sets where fiber plugs from one of the sets are removed while the other set remains intact. Each set was re-divided into six experimental units soaked with tap water or fine bubble water for 1 to 3 days. The result showed that applying fine bubble water provided a better germination rate than tap water treatments. However, the total germination percentage between all treatments does not differ significantly. The germination peak of oil palm seed in the fine bubble water treatments occurred on the 26th day, 8 days faster than in the tap water treatments. The occurrence showed the potential use of fine bubble water application during dormancy breaking using the dry heat method.
Perlakuan Hidrasi-Dehidrasi terhadap Vigor Dua Lot Benih Kacang Bambara (Vigna subterranean L. Verdc.) Tiarlinda Situmorang; Abdul Qadir; Maryati Sari
Buletin Agrohorti Vol. 11 No. 1 (2023): Buletin Agrohorti
Publisher : Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/agrob.v11i1.46578

Abstract

Ketersediaan benih yang berkualitas merupakan hal yang penting dalam peningkatan produktivitas kacang Bambara, namun terdapat kendala dalam proses penyediannya salah satunya yaitu deteriorasi (kemunduran) pada benih yang telah mengalami penyimpanan. Hidrasi-dehidrasi merupakan salah satu metode yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan vigor dan viabilitas benih. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hidrasi-dehidrasi sebagai perlakuan invigorasi terhadap vigor dan viabilitas dua lot benih kacang bambara. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni hingga Agustus 2019 di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikutura, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. Percobaan dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdir atas 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu benih bambara lanras Tasikmalaya yang terdiri atas 2 taraf. Taraf pertama yaitu lot 1 dipanen Maret 2019, lot 2 dipanen Oktober 2017. Faktor kedua yaitu hidrasi-dehidrasi terdiri atas 5 taraf, yaitu kontrol, perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam lalu dikeringkan 4 jam pada suhu 28-30 oC, perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam lalu dikeringkan 4 jam pada suhu 38-40 oC, perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam+aerator lalu dikeringkan 4 jam pada suhu 28–30 oC, perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam+aerator lalu dikeringkan 4 jam pada suhu 38-40 oC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan hidrasi-dehidrasi mampu memperbaiki vigor benih secara nyata yang ditunjukkan oleh indeks vigor yang meningkat dari 2% menjadi 27% dan kecepatan tumbuh meningkat dari 9% KN etmal-1 menjadi 11% KN etmal-1pada taraf perlakuan perendaman dalam air selama 12 jam lalu dikeringkan 4 jam dengan suhu 38-40 oC. Kata kunci: kemunduran, perendaman, bermutu, deteriorasi benih, aerator
Testing methods of moisture content, critical moisture content, and germination of jamblang (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) seed Mi’raz Nur Indraeni; Faiza Chairani Suwarno; Abdul Qadir
Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea Vol. 8 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Foresty Faculty of Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1120.198 KB) | DOI: 10.18330/jwallacea.2019.vol8iss1pp47-55

Abstract

Jamblang (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) researches are still focused to identify the plant benefits, but that leads to efforts to obtain good seed quality hasn’t been done. This study aims to determine the moisture content testing method, the critical moisture content, and germination testing method (sowing media and first and final count of seed germination). Improving procedure for moisture content testing and identified the best media for germination testing was arranged in a Completely Random Design. Determining jamblang seeds critical moisture content was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The experiments were repeated four times. Moisture content with slicing method obtained 49.57%. Jamblang seeds critical water content is 41.61% with 50% germination. The best method of germination was sand medium with fresh seeds (90%). The first count of jamblang seed germination occurs on 32 days after sowing and final count on 83 days after sowing.
APLIKASI BEBERAPA JENIS PESTISIDA NABATI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN HAMA TANAMAN KEDELAI (Glycine Max L.): Application of Several Types of Organic Pesticides for Soybean (Glycine Max L.) Pest Control Restu Puji Mumpuni; Abdul Qadir; Agief Julio Pratama; Muhammad Iqbal Nurulhaq
Jurnal Sains Terapan : Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Sains Terapan : Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian
Publisher : IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jstsv.13.1.77-86

Abstract

In crop cultivation, plant pests and diseases are a frequent issue that producers still manage with chemical pesticides. Similar to this, inorganic pesticides are used in the production of edamame soybeans, which will ultimately have a negative effect on health, the environment, and product quality. This study aims to obtain the best botanical pesticide formula that can reduce pest attacks on soybean cultivation so as to provide an environmentally friendly alternative to plant pest control. Because they leave no chemical residues and are safe for ingestion, organic pesticides can help soybean producers manage pests and diseases, cut production costs, and improve product quality. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) 6 treatments and 3 replications. The organic pesticide treatments were P0 (control), P1 (garlic), P2 (shallots), P3 (papaya leaves) and P4 (tobacco leaves), P5 (lemongrass). To evaluate the effectiveness of organic pesticides, an efficacy test was carried out. The results showed that all types of materials used as organic pesticides had an effect on reducing the level of pest attacks on soybean plants starting from the sixth week. An organic pesticide made from papaya leaves gave the highest real yield on the number of filled pods and pod weight of soybean plant. ABSTRAK Hama dan Penyakit tanaman merupakan masalah umum di dalam budidaya tanaman, dalam pengendaliannya petani masih bergantung pada pestisida kimia. Begitu juga pada budidaya tanaman kedelai edamame mereka menggunakan pestisida anorganik yang pada akhirnya akan memberikan dampak negatif ke kesehatan dan lingkungan termasuk pada kualitas produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan formula pestisida nabati terbaik yang dapat menurunkan serangan hama pada budidaya tanaman kedelai sehingga memberikan alternatif insektisida pengendali hama tanaman yang ramah lingkungan. Penggunaan pestisida nabati dapat membantu petani kedelai mengendalikan Hama dan penyakit, menekan biaya produksi dan meningkatkan kualitas produk karena bebas residu bahan kimia sehingga aman dikonsumsi. Penelitian menerapkan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan pestisida nabati terdiri atas P0 (kontrol), P1 (bawang putih), P2 (bawang merah), P3 (daun pepaya) dan P4 (daun tembakau), P5 (serai). Untuk mengevaluasi keefektifan pestisida nabati dilakukan uji efikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semua jenis bahan yang digunakan sebagai pestisida nabati berpengaruh untuk menekan tingkat serangan hama pada tanaman kedelai mulai minggu ke enam. Pestisida nabati yang berbahan dasar daun pepaya memberikan hasil nyata tertinggi pada jumlah polong isi dan bobot polong tanaman kedelai.
Pengaruh Tingkat infeksi antraknosa (Colletotrichum capsici) terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih tiga varietas cabai besar (Capsicum annuum L.) Atin Yulyatin; Abdul Qadir; Satriyas Ilyas; Bagus Kukuh Udiarto
Jurnal AGRO Vol 10, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/28159

Abstract

The seed certification program in seed health testing hasn’t yet established pathological quality standards for anthracnose disease, even though seed health is important because seeds can act as disease spreaders in processing, storage, and seeding. This study was conducted to determine the maximum infection rate of C. capsici which still met the standard limits for seed viability in three hot pepper cultivars. The experiment was A two-factor complete randomized design replicated four times. The first factor was the hot-pepper cultivars consisting of Biocarpa (resistant), Ciko (tolerant), and Tanjung-2 (susceptible). The second factor was the C. capsici inoculation method on fruit which included no inoculation, one, five, and seven stitches. Variables observed were seed infection rate, also seed viability and vigor. The results showed that the one-stitch inoculation method on CV. Ciko resulted in a 10.2% infection rate and 88% germination, meaning the seeds still met the standard of Foundation Seed. However, the infection rate of Biocarpa and Tanjung-2 were higher (24.5% and 11.3%) and germination percentages were low (68% and 69%), hence, it didn’t meet the minimum standard quality the minimal standard of Extension Seed. There was a significant negative correlation between infection rate and germination percentage, dry weight of normal seedling.ABSTRAKProgram sertifikasi benih pada pengujian kesehatan benih belum menetapkan standar mutu patologis penyakit antraknosa, padahal kesehatan benih penting karena benih dapat berperan sebagai penyebar penyakit di pengolahan, penyimpanan dan persemaian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat infeksi maksimum C. capsici yang masih memenuhi standar mutu benih pada tiga varietas cabai. Rancangan percobaan yaitu acak lengkap dua faktor yang diulang empat kali. Faktor pertama adalah varietas cabai yang terdiri dari Biocarpa (tahan), Ciko (toleran), dan Tanjung-2 (rentan). Faktor kedua adalah metode inokulasi C. capsici ke buah meliputi tanpa inokulasi (kontrol), satu tusukan, lima tusukan, dan tujuh tusukan. Variabel pengamatan meliputi tingkat infeksi, viabilitas serta vigor benih. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi tujuh tusukan pada Tanjung-2 menunjukkan tingkat infeksi tertinggi (72,6%) dan daya berkecambah terendah (51%). Metode inokulasi satu tusukan pada Ciko menyebabkan tingkat infeksi 10,2% dan daya kecambah 88%, artinya benih masih memenuhi standar Benih Dasar. Tingkat infeksi Biocarpa dan Tanjung-2 lebih tinggi (24,5% dan 11,3%) dan persentase perkecambahan rendah (68% dan 69%) sehingga tidak lagi memenuhi standar minimal Benih Sebar. Infeksi benih berkorelasi negatif sangat kuat dengan daya berkecambah dan bobot kering kecambah normal. 
Pendugaan Pertumbuhan Jeruk Keprok Borneo Prima (Citrus reticulata cv. Borneo Prima) Belum Menghasilkan pada Pemupukan Nitrogen dan Pemangkasan yang Berbeda Tiara Septirosya; Roedhy Poerwanto; Abdul Qadir
Media Pertanian Vol 8, No 1 (2023): Media Pertanian
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi Universitas Siliwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37058/mp.v8i1.6831

Abstract

Jeruk keprok Borneo Prima (Citrus reticulata cv Borneo Prima) adalah jeruk lokal asal Kalimantan Timur dengan keistimewaan sebagai jeruk dataran rendah, namun memiliki kulit jeruk berwarna jingga. Teknologi budidaya untuk komoditas ini belum berkembang, termasuk pemupukan dan pemangkasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga pertumbuhan tanaman jeruk keprok Borneo Prima yang diaplikasikan pupuk nitrogen dan pemangkasan melalui model simulasi. Dengan model simulasi ini dapat dilakukan pendugaan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jeruk yang sudah diaplikasikan pupuk dan pangkas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan IPB Sindang Barang, Bogor. Model pertumbuhan tanaman disusun pada beberapa tahapan, yakni pembuatan diagram alir, pembuatan model construction layer stella (MCL-S) dan selanjutnya dibuat simulasi dan validasi terhadap model yang sudah dibuat. Variabel input pada model simulasi ini ialah intensitas cahaya dan intersepsi, kelembaban, partisi dan koefisien respirasi, Indeks Luas Daun (ILD), jumlah tunas, berat kering, laju fotosintesis dan transpirasi, dan konduktansi stomata. Model yang dibuat telah mampu memprediksi pertumbuhan tanaman Jeruk Keprok Borneo Prima secara logis. Berdasarkan hasil pendugaan, pemupukan 20 g N per pohon per aplikasi yang dikombinasikan dengan pemangkasan terbuka tengah merupakan perlakuan yang paling baik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Borneo Prima Mandarin Citrus (Citrus reticulata cv Borneo Prima) is local citrus commodity from East Kalimantan. This orange has an orange skin but grow in lowland. Cultivation technology for this commodity have not been developed, including fertilizing and pruning. This study aims to predict the growth of immature Borneo Prima Tangerines at various doses of N fertilizer and different pruning forms through a simulation model. With this simulation model, it is possible to estimate the growth of citrus plants that have been applied fertilizers and pruning. The research was carried out at the Experimental Garden of IPB Sindang Barang, Bogor. The growth modeling was prepared in several stages, namely the creation of a flow chart, determining the quantitative relationship between variables in the system, making the Model Construction Layer-Stella (MCL-S) and the last do simulation and validation of the model that has been made. The input variables in this simulation model are light intensity and interception, humidity, partition and respiration coefficient, Leaf Area Index (LAI), number of shoots, dry weight, photosynthesis and transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance. The model made has been able to predict the growth of the Borneo Prima Tangerine plant logically. Based on the estimation results, 20 g N fertilization per tree per application combined with middle open pruning was the best treatment compared to others.