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All Journal International Journal of Computer and Information System (IJCIS) Sibatik Journal : Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, Dan Pendidikan International Journal of Social Science, Education, Communication and Economics Sinomika Journal: Publikasi Ilmiah Bidang Ekonomi dan Akuntansi Journal Evidence Of Law Siwayang Journal: Publikasi Ilmiah Bidang Pariwisata, Kebudayaan, dan Antropologi PENA LAW: International Journal of Law LAWPASS International Journal of Educational Qualitative Quantitative Research
Akkapin, Supaphorn
Unknown Affiliation
Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Protection of Advocates Immunity Rights in The Criminal Code: Between Legal Certainty and Justice Subri, Anderson; Hamid, Adnan; Akkapin, Supaphorn
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Journal Evidence Of Law (Desember)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v4i3.1599

Abstract

The protection of advocates’ immunity rights is a fundamental aspect of ensuring their role as independent and equal law enforcers within the criminal justice system. In Indonesia, advocate immunity is regulated under Article 16 of Law No. 18 of 2003 on Advocates and was further interpreted by the Constitutional Court Decision No. 26/PUU-IX/2013 to extend beyond courtroom proceedings. However, the emergence of the Criminal Code (KUHP) raises new debates regarding the explicit recognition and operational guarantees of such rights. This study aims to analyze the normative position of advocate immunity in the KUHP and assess its implications for legal certainty and the pursuit of justice. Employing a normative legal approach and comparative analysis with other legal systems, the research finds that the current lack of clear and explicit provisions protecting advocates’ immunity in the KUHP is a notable deficiency. This legal gap may weaken the position of advocates and expose them to risks of criminalization in the performance of their professional duties. Therefore, this paper recommends a clearer normative formulation that ensures adequate protection for advocates while upholding a balanced realization of legal certainty and substantive justice in Indonesia’s criminal justice system.
Corporate Human Rights Due Diligence in Transnational Business: Towards a Binding Normative Framework in International Private Law Cindya, Cindya; Prasetyo, Dedy Ardian; Akkapin, Supaphorn
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Journal Evidence Of Law (Desember)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v4i3.1712

Abstract

The global expansion of transnational corporations has intensified concerns over human rights (HR) violations, including forced labor, environmental harm, and the displacement of local communities. Existing international instruments—such as the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGPs) and OECD Guidelines—remain non-binding and lack effective enforcement. While regional initiatives like the European Union’s Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) signal a transition toward binding obligations, their territorial scope limits broader applicability. This gap underscores the pressing need for normative frameworks that supersede voluntary standards. This study adopts a normative juridical methodology, analyzing international instruments, landmark cases (Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum and Chevron v. Ecuador), and comparative regulatory approaches. The findings demonstrate that private international law offers untapped potential to embed HR due diligence (HRDD) obligations within transnational business practices. Contractual mechanisms, choice of law clauses, and international arbitration can transform HRDD into binding legal commitments, complementing public international law while addressing jurisdictional and enforcement barriers. The novelty of this research lies in reframing private international law as a substantive tool for human rights enforcement. It advances the paradigm of “privatization of human rights accountability,” expanding the discourse on corporate accountability beyond the limits of public law. Practically, the study contributes actionable models for regulators and corporations to integrate HRDD into global supply chains, thereby strengthening both human rights protection and sustainable corporate governance
International Commercial Mediation: Towards a Harmonized Legal Framework for Cross-Border Business Dispute Resolution Nursamsiah, Ely; Yuhelson, Yuhelson; Akkapin, Supaphorn
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Journal Evidence Of Law (Desember)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v4i3.1714

Abstract

Globalization has expanded cross-border trade while also increasing the number of international commercial disputes. Litigation, though authoritative, is often expensive, time-consuming, and complicated by different jurisdictional rules, which weakens legal certainty for businesses. Mediation provides a more efficient and flexible alternative that helps maintain business relationships. However, its effectiveness is still limited by fragmented national regulations, the voluntary nature of the UNCITRAL Model Law (2002), and limited ratification of the Singapore Convention on Mediation (2019). This study employs a normative legal approach, incorporating a comparative analysis of selected jurisdictions (the United States, the European Union, Singapore, and Indonesia), and is supported by secondary literature and institutional reports. Findings indicate that while Singapore has aligned its domestic law with international standards, most jurisdictions still treat international mediation ambiguously, weakening enforceability. Additional barriers include the shortage of qualified mediators, cultural biases toward litigation, and low business awareness. The novelty of this research lies in its integration of normative, socio-cultural, and institutional dimensions. Theoretically, it reinforces the transnational legal process framework; practically, it proposes a roadmap to strengthen mediation’s legitimacy through wider ratification, legal alignment, and capacity-building for mediators. The study concludes that a harmonized legal framework for international commercial mediation is not merely aspirational but a pressing necessity for global economic stability.
Landowners’ Rights and Criminal Liability: Towards a Normative Framework for International Legal Protection Nizam, Ary; Shodiq, Md.; Akkapin, Supaphorn
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Journal Evidence Of Law (Desember)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v4i3.1715

Abstract

Land ownership has long been seen as a fundamental right, but its protection under international law remains fragmented and inadequate. While the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and related covenants recognize the property right, there is no comprehensive international instrument explicitly safeguarding land rights, especially amid systematic land grabbing and forced evictions. This study employs a normative legal approach with a qualitative design, analyzing primary legal sources—including international treaties, jurisprudence from the International Court of Justice and the International Criminal Court—as well as academic literature and reports from civil society. The findings highlight three main points. First, international recognition of land rights is weak and lacks effective enforcement mechanisms. Second, systematic violations like mass evictions could be considered international crimes, particularly crimes against humanity, but the lack of explicit jurisprudence creates interpretive ambiguity. Third, while states often justify large-scale land dispossession, corporate accountability at the international level remains limited because it relies on non-binding soft law principles. Reflecting on these findings, the study advocates for the development of a normative framework that links land rights protection with international criminal responsibility. Such a framework would not only strengthen theoretical understanding by connecting property rights with international criminal law but also offer practical guidance for policymakers, international organizations, and civil society. Ultimately, this research aims to help bridge the gap between formal recognition and absolute protection of land rights in the context of globalization.
CESSION AND LEGAL EFFECTS ON THE DEBTOR'S SECURITY OBJECTS IN SETTLEMENT BAD CREDIT (Case study of Pekanbaru District Court Decision No. 129/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Pbr) Hamler, Hamler; pasaribu, Yusuf hanafi; Asmah, Nur; Darodjat, Tubagus Achmad; Akkapin, Supaphorn
PENA LAW: International Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): May
Publisher : Yayasan Pusat Cendekiawan Intelektual Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v2i1.165

Abstract

One way to resolve bad credit is carried out by banks by buying and selling receivables and transferring rights to them (cession). Based on District Court decision No.129/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Pbr, this is by means of a lawsuit by assignees who had purchased receivables from PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk which had bad credit. Redirection receivables stated in 2 (two) Notarial Deeds, namely the Receivables Sale and Purchase Agreement and Transfer cessie. In announcing the verdict stated that the Pekanbaru District Court permitted the transfer of the Land Ownership Certificate which was used as collateral for the debtor above no assignees). The problem formulation is: 1. Can the sale and purchase of receivables and the transfer of rights to receivables (cessie) provide legal certainty for cessie buyers?  2. What are the legal consequences for the debtor's guarantee based on the decision of the Pekanbaru District Court Number 129/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Pbr? And study This aims to know and understand and provide answers to the problem formulation the. The type of research in this research is included in normative (doctrinal) legal research, namely research on legal aspects, legal principles, studying law which is conceptualized as norms or rules that apply in society and analyzing legal rules contained in legislation and also contained in unwritten legal norms that live and develop in society and the type of data used is secondary data sourced from materials law primer, material law secondary and materials law tertiary. From study This can be concluded that buying and selling receivables and transfer cession  does not result in the end of the credit agreement made assignor with emergence This is a transfer and delivery of receivables from assignor to assignees and transfer of collateral emergence  must be based on a decision through a lawsuit at the local District Court. And in this case there is no buying and selling of receivables and transfers cession is legal and does not violate the provisions of the legal terms of the agreement, in the consideration of the panel of judges that the collateral is owned emergence If the right of liability is not installed, then the item is guaranteed emergence can be used as debt repayment by changing the name to assignees, This also does not violate property stipulation what is meant by Article 1154 of the Civil Code.
Judicial Exile and International Judicial Reform: Rethinking the Independence of the Judiciary in a Global Context: Judicial Exile and International Judicial Reform: Rethinking the Independence of the Judiciary in a Global Context Muzakki, Fauzan; Suganda, Atma; Akkapin, Supaphorn
PENA LAW: International Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : Yayasan Pusat Cendekiawan Intelektual Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56107/penalaw.v3i2.245

Abstract

Judicial independence is widely recognized as a cornerstone of justice, yet its realization in the international sphere faces increasing challenges from political pressures and global power asymmetries. This study introduces the concept of judicial alienation to capture the growing disconnection between the normative ideals of international courts and their perceived legitimacy. Using a qualitative design with a normative legal and comparative approach, the research examines primary legal instruments, including the Rome Statute, the UN Charter, and selected judgments of the International Criminal Court (ICC), the International Court of Justice (ICJ), and the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Body (WTO DSB), complemented by secondary academic sources. Findings indicate three interrelated patterns: uneven jurisdiction, particularly the ICC’s disproportionate focus on African cases; legitimacy crises, reflected in recurring resistance to ICJ jurisdiction; and the limited scope of reforms, which tend to be procedural rather than structural. Comparative analysis further reveals that while the WTO DSB benefits from broader acceptance through its consensus-based mechanism, the ICC and ICJ remain vulnerable to contestation due to their direct engagement with state sovereignty. The discussion argues that judicial independence should be reconceptualized not only as a normative principle but also as a socio-political practice embedded in global governance. The study contributes theoretically by advancing an interdisciplinary framework and practically by offering reform-oriented recommendations for more inclusive, transparent, and sustainable international judicial institutions.
From Regulation to Culture: Rethinking Global Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement Alam, Dippo; Maryano, Maryano; Akkapin, Supaphorn
Journal Evidence Of Law Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Journal Evidence Of Law (Desember)
Publisher : CV. Era Digital Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59066/jel.v4i3.1734

Abstract

Corruption persists as one of the most entrenched challenges in global governance, undermining democratic institutions, economic development, and public trust. Despite the widespread adoption of international frameworks, such as the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), and the proliferation of national anti-corruption agencies, empirical evidence suggests that regulatory instruments alone remain insufficient. Transparency International’s 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index reveals that two-thirds of countries score below 50 out of 100, reflecting limited progress despite extensive legal reforms. This study employs a qualitative-descriptive and comparative literature approach to analyze the limitations of formal regulation and to examine the role of legal culture in strengthening anti-corruption enforcement. Findings demonstrate that while regulatory frameworks provide essential normative foundations, sustainable compliance emerges only when integrity is embedded within societal values and norms. Comparative evidence from Singapore, Denmark, Finland, and Rwanda illustrates that internalized social trust, transparency, and accountability act as cultural multipliers of legal effectiveness. The study contributes to academic discourse by shifting the focus from purely legal and formal perspectives to the integration of socio-cultural dimensions, thereby addressing a significant research gap. Practically, it offers policy recommendations for embedding anti-corruption education, strengthening civil society, and fostering cultural transformation alongside legal reforms. Ultimately, effective global anti-corruption enforcement requires a paradigm shift—moving from regulation to culture.
Dynamic Modeling Analysis of Paddle Aerator Performance on Litopenaeus vanamei Ponds Ariadi, Heri; Linayati, Linayati; Mujtahidah, Tholibah; Akkapin, Supaphorn
International Journal of Social Science, Education, Communication and Economics Vol. 3 No. 5 (2024): December
Publisher : Lafadz Jaya Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/sj.v3i5.419

Abstract

Paddle aerator is an important tool in intensive shrimp farming. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance and electrical power consumption of paddle aerators based on the results of dynamic modelling analysis. This study uses causal ex-pose facto design concept with data analysis using dynamic modelling system. The results showed the salinity levels of pond 1 20-27 gr/L and pond 2 31-33 gr/L, pH pond 1 7.9-9.0 and pond 2 8.1-8.3, DO concentration pond 1 4.43-6.93 mg/L and pond 2 4.72-5.99 mg/L, temperature pond 1 27.15-31.400C with a brightness of 43 cm and pond 2 ranging from 27.50-29.850C with a brightness of 49 cm. From the calculation of the level of oxygen production paddle aerator power 1 HP produces oxygen average 2.12 mgO2 / hour (1.68-2.89 mgO2 / hour) with gas pressure 10.31-16.00 mmHg and paddle aerator power 2 HP produces oxygen average 3.20 mgO2 / hour (2.82-3.65 mgO2 / hour) with gas pressure 10.05-14.56 mmHg. From the accumulated results, the electrical load power required for pond 1 is about 6.83-10.38 kW and pond 2 is about 6.59-7.71 kW. The performance of 1 HP paddle aerator is more effective than 2 HP paddle aerator 4 pieces. The results of dynamic model analysis estimated the level of dissolved oxygen production by paddle aerators during one cultivation cycle ranged from 1-2.70 mgO2/hours and 1-2.75 mgO2/hours with a rotational speed of 0-30 rpm/s and power requirements of 8-10 kW. The conclusion from the results of this study is that the use of 1 HP paddle aerators in large quantities is proven to be more effective and based on the results of dynamic modelling system analysis, it is shown that the performance of DO production by paddle aerators will stagnate at week ten of the cultivation period, with increasing electrical power requirements.
Implementation of Project-Based Learning Method to Enhance English Listening Skills of Computer Science Students at ITB AAS Indonesia Muliasari, Dewi; Efendi, Tino Feri; Akkapin, Supaphorn
International Journal of Computer and Information System (IJCIS) Vol 5, No 3 (2024): IJCIS : Vol 5 - Issue 3 - 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bisnis AAS Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/ijcis.v5i3.174

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing a project-based learning method in enhancing English listening skills among second-semester Computer Science students at AAS Institute of Business Technology, Indonesia. This method was chosen for its active learning approach that can increase student engagement and language proficiency development. The research employs a quantitative approach with a pre-test post-test control group experimental design. The research sample consists of two groups: an experimental group receiving project-based learning and a control group receiving conventional instruction. Data collection includes English listening tests administered before and after the learning intervention. The findings are expected to provide insights into the effectiveness of project-based learning methods in the context of English language education within the technology education setting in Indonesia.
CULTURAL RICHNESS OF OSING AS A MAIN ATTRACTION FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN KEMIREN VILLAGE, BANYUWANGI Rosita, Putri Aulia; Amalia Nur Savitri, Firdha; Akkapin, Supaphorn
SIWAYANG Journal: Publikasi Ilmiah Bidang Pariwisata, Kebudayaan, dan Antropologi Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Penerbit Lafadz Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/siwayang.v3i3.1717

Abstract

The richness of Osing culture in Kemiren Village has positioned this site as a notable cultural tourism destination. This article aims to: 1) describe the tourist attractions in the Osing Traditional Cultural Village of Kemiren, Banyuwangi; 2) identify sustainable tourism development in this village; and 3) analyze the challenges faced in achieving sustainable tourism. Utilizing a descriptive qualitative research approach, this study employs observation and interview techniques to gather data. Findings indicate that sustainable tourism development in Kemiren Village is progressing positively, evidenced by economic, socio-cultural, and environmental benefits. However, certain obstacles persist, posing challenges to further advancements in sustainable tourism growth.
Co-Authors Achmad Doradjat, Tubagus ade irma Nahdliyyah, ade Adnan Hamid Agus Surono Al, Bintang Alam, Dippo Ali Imron Amalia Nur Savitri, Firdha Anas, Irfan Ario Fajar, Dwi Cahya Kumala, Yudha Cindya, Cindya Darodjat, Tubagus Achmad Dedy Ardian Prasetyo Deltanto Sarwi Diatmiko, Raden Deswanta, Andi Djunaedi, O. Dwi Budi Santoso Efendi, Tino Feri Erwin Isharyanto, Johan Etty Susilowati Fadilah Fadilah, Fadilah Fahrurrozie Hidayat, Arief Gutierrez, Grace Hamler, Hamler Heri Ariadi Hermawan, Agung Idris, Kholik Ismed, Mohamad Iwan Kurniawan Kilikily, Nikolas Johan Kirana, Claradyta Kristiawanto, Kristiawanto Lawe, Dedi Marsudi Lestari Sutrisno, Windi Linayati, Linayati Maryano, Maryano Masrukhi Masrukhi Mujtahidah, Tholibah Muliasari, Dewi Muzakki, Fauzan Napitupulu, Amin Pardomuan Nizam, Ary Nur Asmah, Nur Nur Widyanti, Amelia Nursamsiah, Ely Osman, Kamisah Pasaribu, Yusuf Hanafi Pranowo, Yusuf Putri, Anggrainy Ria Latifa, Dwi Rizqi Alfarizi Ramadhan, Muhammad Rosita, Putri Aulia RR Utji Sri Wulan Wuryandari Setyawan, Dony Shodiq, Md. Sigit Irianto Sonyendah Retnaningsih, Sonyendah Sri Hidayati Sri Mulyani Subri, Anderson Suganda, Atma Susanto, Deny Tan, Michael Lip Thye Wahidin Wahidin Yuhelson Yuhelson Yusuf Hasibuan, Fauzie