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Kebijakan Pemberantasan Terorisme di ASEAN: Apakah Adil? Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa; Sholahuddin Al-Fatih; Abdurrahman Raden Aji Haqqi
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 16 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i2.5021

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This research aims to discuss ASEAN counter-terrorism policy and its impact on human rights protection. The terrorism act of Abu Sayyaf in the Philippines, the spread of terrorism in Indonesia by JAT and JAD, and the rebellion movement in Pattani-Thailand are the most heard of terrorism cases in Southeast Asian countries. The research focused on the regulatory through comparative approaches. The result found that ASEAN has an agreement known as ASEAN Convention on Counter-Terrorism (ACCT) for combating terrorism. ACCT implementation in national legal regulations of ASEAN members in the midst of the spread of terrorism plays a crucial role in combating terrorism and its impact on human rights protection. However, the effort of eradicating terrorism in Southeast Asian countries is not in line with the principles of peace and regional integrity. The practice of authoritarianism and militarism has instead become most prominent as a result of perpetuating militarism-based legal regulations in resolving terrorism. Efforts for combating terrorism in Southeast Asia, therefore, leave a serious problem regarding the protection of human rights, the issue of impunity, attacks on civil society, and the involvement of the military which threatens territorial integrity. Those are at cross purposes with ACCT policies as well as national sovereignty, integrity, and security of ASEAN members. (Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas kebijakan anti-terorisme ASEAN dan dampaknya terhadap perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Aksi terorisme Abu Sayyaf di Filipina, penyebaran terorisme di Indonesia oleh JAT dan JAD, serta pemberontakan di Pattani-Thailand adalah kasus-kasus terorisme terpopuler yang terjadi di Asia Tenggara. Penelitian ini fokus pada peraturan perundang-undangan dengan pendekatan komparatif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa ASEAN memiliki kesepakatan yang disebut Konvensi ASEAN tentang Kontra-Terorisme (ACCT) untuk memerangi terorisme. Penerapan ACCT dalam peraturan hukum nasional negara anggota ASEAN di tengah maraknya aksi terorisme sangat penting dalam upaya pemberantasan terorisme dan dampaknya terhadap perlindungan hak asasi manusia di ASEAN. Akan tetapi dalam praktiknya, pemberantasan terorisme di ASEAN masih belum sejalan dengan prinsip perdamaian dan keutuhan kawasan. Praktik otoritarianisme dan militerisme justru menjadi praktik paling menonjol yang dilakukan oleh negara-negara di ASEAN seiring dengan langgengnya regulasi hukum berbasis praktik militerisme dalam menyelesaikan kejahatan terorisme. Pemberantasan terorisme di Asia Tenggara menyisakan masalah serius terkait perlindungan hak asasi manusia, isu impunitas, serangan terhadap masyarakat sipil, dan keterlibatan militer yang mengancam integritas teritorial. Isu-isu tersebut bertentangan dengan Kebijakan ACCT serta kedaulatan, integritas nasional, dan keamanan anggota ASEAN.)
Involvement of the Indonesian National Military (TNI) in Legislation about Anti-Terrorism Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa
Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights Vol 5 No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Jember University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jseahr.v5i1.18469

Abstract

Changes in the international humanitarian legal system in a global context have shifted, as the first war identified with an inter-state ceasefire. Today, the war party is not only a state but also the aftermath of the 9/11 tragedy marked by non-state war actors, a terrorist attack. In Indonesia, the issue of terrorism becomes a serious concern after the first Bali Bombing, the second Bali Bombing, and other terrorist tragedies. Lately, the discourse of TNI involvement in the eradication of terrorism in Indonesia through the formation of the Anti-Terrorism Act. According to the issue, the research problems are (1) TNI's authority elements to combat terrorism in the Indonesian legal system; (2) the International humanitarian law system regulates the involvement of the military on combating terrorism. The results of the study are (1) after the fall of New Order regime in 1998, the dual function of ABRI (Indonesian Armed Forces during Suharto's era) had dissolved, and this implied the limited authority of TNI to maintain the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI) sovereignty at the border. The authority of the TNI on combating terrorism, following Act No.34, 2004 section 7 articles (3) about TNI, mentions that the fight against terrorism deals with criminal methods. Except for war aggression, related to terrorism that threatens the State sovereignty and not against terrorism that occurs in the community on the Anti-Terrorism Act. If TNI wants to be involved in combating terrorism, it must be following the 1945 constitution, of which terrorism is part of non-international armed conflict, in which the power of command is in the hands of the President.
Corporate Legal Liability for Corruption in the Private Sector Idrus Salam; Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa
Indonesian Journal of Law and Society Vol 2 No 2 (2021): Law, Society, and Industrial Economy II
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Jember, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/ijls.v2i2.24146

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Corruption in the private sector has been an emerging issue in Indonesia, regarded to become a serious problem to the rule of law. In this case, the problem is the difficulty in tracking down perpetrators of corruption in the private sector since legal accountability does not pay serious attention. For example, the Rolls Royce case involved many jurisdictions in Indonesia that experienced obstacles due to limited authority and low commitment from the country. This study aimed to examine how private sector corruption is linked to legitimizing bribery by foreigners by answering the following questions: what is the legal liability of corporations as perpetrators of corruption in the private sector? What are the legal mechanisms in Indonesia for understanding private sector corruption? In this study, the socio-legal method was used to analyze corruption as a national and international crime to respond to the raised legal issues. The socio-legal method is a legal research method that can do more than regulate the law. The results indicated that the pattern of corruption in the private sector for officials could result in corrupt policies. Furthermore, for the private sector, it can lead to unfair business competition. Therefore, it must be handled immediately so corruption cases in the private sector cannot continue to occur, causing harm to the public and indirectly affecting the country. KEYWORDS: Corruption, Criminal Liability, Private Sector.
Analisis Politik Hukum Pengaruh Oligarki dan Budaya Korupsi di Kabupaten Bangkalan Sami an Sami an; Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa
Media of Law and Sharia Vol 2, No 4: September 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Muhamadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1534.799 KB) | DOI: 10.18196/mls.v2i4.11737

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Penelititian ini bertujuan mendiskripsikan penyalahgunaan kekuasaan oleh kaum blater di daerah otonomi bangkalan dimana dalam penelitian ini menganalisis tentang jaringan politk oligarki di bangkalan beserta sebab dan akibat hukum yang timbul dari praktek oligark tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Social-Legal.sedangkan sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus KH Fuad Amin . menginterpretasi data secara deskriptif menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi legal.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat bentuk-bentuk penyalahgunaan kekuasaan dalam terhadap jabatan di daerah bangkalan yaitu: (1)politik oligarki ; (2) pelanggaran Ham; (3) korupsi; (4) hegemoni kelas sosial;. Rumusan Berdasarkan Fakta yang dibahas  selama penelitian ini adalah 1.Pertanggung jawaban hukum  Oligarki  dikalangan pebisnis,pemerintah dan aparat di kabupaten bangkalan 2.Analisis politik hokum dan budaya hukum menguatnya oligarki di Kabupaten Bangkalan.Simpulan penelitian ini adalah mengembalikan peran pemerintahan daerah dibangkalan berdasarkan UU No.23 tahun 2014 tentang pemerintah daerah serta menghilangkan hegemoni kelas sosial dalam politik hukum dan budaya hukum terhadap sistem demokrasi di pemerintahan kabupaten bangkalan
ANTI-CORRUPTION SURVIVOR, ACADEMIC FREEDOM, AND THE CHALLENGES Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa
PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH Vol 4 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : LKKI Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3665.51 KB) | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v4i2.22

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The loss of the state due to corruption practices is genuinely harmful to the State. At the same time, control over corrupt practices has been carried out by the KPK, as well as other civil society such as anti-corruption academics, anti-corruption NGOs activists. So, that the community affected by corrupt practices fighting for their rights are increasingly being repressed by unscrupulous persons and mafias not responsible for weakening their work. Legal issues raised in this legal research are: (1). Legal protection of survivors of anti-corruption law and its relation to academic freedom; (2). Legal remedies related to the protection of anti-corruption survivors and their challenges. The results of the research argued that anti-corruption survivors, including the KPK employees, anti-corruption academics, anti-corruption NGOs, and anti-corruption civil society, are extraordinary people who put personal safety and security interests to oversee the disclosure of corruption cases that occur. This needs to be welcomed by the President and DPR’s to protect and guarantee Security from physical, psychological, and even terror attacks through lawsuits and criminalization. Because there is a legal vacuum in the protection of anti-corruption survivors, the existing laws and bodies are less than optimal in protecting anti-corruption survivors. Abstrak: Kerugian negara terhadap praktik tindak pidana korupsi betul-betul merugikan Negara, menghambat terlakasananya pembangunan, serta berimplikasi terhadap pelanggaran HAM. Pada saat yang sama, kontrol atas praktik tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK), maupun masyarakat sipil lainnya seperti akademisi anti-korupsi, aktivis Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) anti-korupsi, hingga masyarakat terdampak praktik korupsi yang memperjuangkan haknya, kian hari kian direpresi oleh oknum dan mafia tak bertanggung jawab untuk memperlemah kerja-kerja mereka. isu hukum yang diangkat dalam penelitian hukum ini adalah: (1). Perlindungan hukum terhadap penyintas hukum anti-korupsi dan keterkaitannya dengan kebebasan akademik; (2). Upaya hukum terkait perlindungan terhadap penyintas anti-korupsi dan tantangannya. Hasil penelitian adalah penyintas anti-korupsi baik pegawai KPK, akademisi anti-korupsi, NGO anti-korupsi, hingga masyarakat sipil anti- korupsi merupakan orang-orang luar biasa yang meletakkan kepentingan keselamatan dan keamanan pribadi untuk mengawal pengungkapan kasus korupsi yang terjadi. Hal tersebut perlu disambut bagi Pemerintah (Presiden) maupun legislatif (DPR) untuk melindungi dan menjamin keamanan dari serangan baik fisik, psikis, bahkan teror melalui gugatan hukum dan kriminalisir. Karena terjadi kekosongan hukum atas perlindungan penyintas anti-korupsi. Perundang- undangan serta badan yang ada kurang maksimal dalam perlindungan bagi penyintas anti- korupsi. Kata Kunci: Penyintas Anti-Korupsi, Kebebasan Akademik, Serangan Fisik dan Psikis
PATTERNS OF SPREADING RADICALISM IN MUHAMMADIYAH ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS IN EAST JAVA Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa; Samsul Arifin; Achmad Hariri; Nadief Rahman Harris; Ahmad Bahrul Efendi
PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH Vol 6 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : LKKI Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v6i2.120

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The fact that more and more Islamic boarding schools are affiliated with terrorist groups such as ISIS, cannot be denied. The latest data submitted by BNPT states that there are at least 198 Islamic boarding schools exposed to radicalism, both those affiliated with the Anshorut Khalifah congregation, the Islamiyah congregation, and the Daulah Anshorut Jamaah. This fact shows that efforts to prevent the spread of radicalism and the eradication of criminal acts of terrorism are not completed only with national preparedness, deradicalization, and counter-radicalization. From these problems, the question of this research is how the pattern of the spread of radicalism that occurs in the Muhammadiyah Islamic boarding school in East Java. The method used in this research is Socio-Legal with an ethnographic approach. The purpose of this study is to understand and describe the pattern of the spread of radicalism in the Islamic boarding school environment, and how to anticipate it. Abstrak: Fakta bahwa semakin banyak pesantren yang berafiliasi dengan kelompok teroris seperti ISIS, tidak dapat dipungkiri. Data terakhir yang disampaikan BNPT menyebutkan setidaknya ada 198 pondok pesantren yang terpapar radikalisme, baik yang berafiliasi dengan jemaah Khalifah Anshorut, jemaah Islamiyah, maupun Jamaah Daulah Anshorut. Fakta ini menunjukkan bahwa upaya pencegahan penyebaran radikalisme dan pemberantasan tindak pidana terorisme tidak hanya dituntaskan dengan kesiapsiagaan nasional, deradikalisasi, dan kontra-radikalisasi. Dari permasalahan tersebut, pertanyaan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pola penyebaran radikalisme yang terjadi di pondok pesantren Muhammadiyah di Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Socio-Legal dengan pendekatan etnografi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan menggambarkan pola penyebaran radikalisme di lingkungan pondok pesantren, dan bagaimana mengantisipasinya. Kata Kunci: Pesantren, Radikalisme, Terorisme.
Perlindungan Hukum bagi Whistleblower dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia Subhan Amin; Satria Unggul Prakasa Wicaksana
Media of Law and Sharia Vol 3, No 3: June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas Muhamadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mls.v3i3.14468

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This study examines the Legal Protection for Whistleblowers in Corruption Crimes in Indonesia. The role of the reporter is very necessary or significant in law enforcement; with the presence of a whistleblower, law enforcers will be helped and more accessible in uncovering a case of a criminal act of corruption. Therefore, the state should provide legal protection to the complainants to protect their rights by law. Then the state should also give awards to the whistleblowers because this award is a form of appreciation from the state to the complainants for helping law enforcers and taking part in protecting the country. As in the case of a corruption reporter who was made a suspect in Cirebon, he should be legally protected from any charges. Still, he was made a suspect, so LPSK should assist as much as possible so that his rights are protected or given in full. Sothis study will answer several questions (1) Legal protection for Whistleblowers in corruption cases in Indonesia. (2) The legal mechanism within the framework of the criminal law system in ensuring security for Whistleblowers in corruption crimes. This study uses a socio-legal method that examines with the help of social science. First, the results showed legal protection for whistleblowers, namely in Article 10 of Law Number 31 of 2014 concerning protecting witnesses and victims, obtaining legal protection physically and psychologically and materially and non-materially. Second, the regulation of whistleblowers is still not explicitly regulated, so there is a need for special rules so that whistleblowers can be protected from threats and legal guarantees for whistleblowers.
PILPRES RI 2019 DAN ANCAMAN SPYING ELECTION DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INTERNASIONAL Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa
Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 2, No 2 (2018): September
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24269/ls.v2i2.1244

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Muncul modus operandi baru dari kegiatan mata-mata (spying) dalam bentuk intervensi terhadap hasil pemilihan Presiden (presidential election), yang bisa disebut sebagai spying election, merupakan ancaman serius terhadap kedaulatan dan keamanan negara di era globalisasi ini. Isu hukum yang diangkat pada penelitian hukum ini adalah: (1). Apakah spying election merupakan melanggar hukum internasional dan hukum Indonesia ? (2) Bagaimana mekanisme hukum untuk menindak terhadap kejahatan spying election?. Penulisan penelitian hukum ini menggunakan pendekatan statute approach dan conceptual approach. Hasil Penelitian ini adalah: (1). Sebagai bagian dari pelanggaran hukum internasional dan hukum nasional, kegiatan spying hanya boleh digunakan sebagai strategi pada masa perang. Sehingga dengan tipologi pelanggaran yang ada, jelas spying election merupakan salah satu kejahatan terhadap kedaulatan dan keamanan negara yang itu telah jelas diatur dalam Piagam PBB dan perjanjian internasional lainnya dan termasuk dalam KUHP milik Indonesia; (2). kejahatan spy yang masih terbatas dalam KUHP sebagai kejahatan selama masa perang, dan tidak diakomodirnya spying election dalam UU Nomor 42 Tahun 2008 yang tidak dijelaskan secara spesifik perlu diantisipasi oleh pemerintah RI dan parlemen untuk membuat peraturan hukum yang mengakomodir pelaku kejahatan tersebut untuk diadili di Indonesia dan agar tidak terjadi dalam penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Umum Presiden-Wakil Presiden RI pada 2019 mendatang.
INDEPENDENSI PERADILAN MILITER TERHADAP PRAJURIT TNI SEBAGAI PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA Auliajr Aulia Jihan Rifani; Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa
Audito Comparative Law Journal (ACLJ) Vol. 2 No. 3 (2021): September 2021
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (215.126 KB) | DOI: 10.22219/aclj.v2i3.16756

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Narcotics can be categorized into extraordinary crimes. Currently, the circulation of narcotics has targeted almost all circles. Military institutions are also not spared from the circulation of narcotics. The basic question is how to handle narcotics crimes by the Military judiciary and the legal efforts that can be made by the soldiers who are accused. The research method used is socio-legal legal studies: Data sources come from secondary data sources or literature studies, which review data from laws and regulations, readings, and books  related to research titles. The settlement of narcotics crimes involving TNI soldiers is carried out by the military judiciary. The component or sub-system of military justice is the same as the general judiciary, namely the existence of Ankum and Papera which are important components in the military justice system, in addition to the Military Police, Oditur, and Military Judges. Soldiers involved in such crimes can also make legal efforts as a form of self-defense. The Military Judiciary has the authority to resolve its cases without interference from other agencies, as whose authority and position are contained in Law No. 31 of 1997
Protection and compliance of Human Rights of Residents Affected by the Semeru Eruption Achmad Hariri; Samsul Arifin Ari; Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa; Asis Asis
Audito Comparative Law Journal (ACLJ) Vol. 3 No. 3 (2022): September 2022
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/aclj.v3i3.23209

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The eruption of Mount Semeru had a major impact on the surrounding communities affected. Not only about health, but these natural disasters also affect other aspects such as the economy, education, clean water facilities, and residential areas. The fulfilment of these rights is actually regulated in the International Covenant on economic, social, and cultural matters. Any country subject to such rules is insufficient to grant the right to access Education. Still, the state is obliged to provide Educational facilities, and the existing social and Educational facilities will necessarily suffer damage due to natural disasters. From these problems, this study aims to understand and elaborate on legal responsibility, protection and fulfilment of human rights for residents affected by the Semeru eruption. The method used in this research is Socio-Legal based legal research with an approach of Participatory Action Research (PAR).