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Design and Performance Analysis of a Low-Cost ESP32-Based NAT WiFi Repeater for Indoor IoT Networks Oktrison; Ilham, Dirja Nur; Candra, Rudi Arif; Sipahutar, Erwinsyah
Global Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology (GASET) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Global Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology (GASET), Article Research
Publisher : Politeknik Aceh Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62671/gaset.v1i2.249

Abstract

The rapid proliferation of indoor Internet of Things (IoT) systems has intensified the need for cost-effective and energy-efficient wireless coverage extension solutions. Conventional commercial WiFi repeaters are often over-provisioned in terms of hardware capability and power consumption, making them unsuitable for small-scale IoT laboratories and energy-constrained environments. Although microcontroller-based platforms such as the ESP32 have been widely used for IoT gateways, their systematic evaluation as Network Address Translation (NAT)-based WiFi repeaters remains limited. This paper presents the design, implementation, and experimental performance evaluation of a low-cost ESP32-based NAT WiFi repeater for indoor IoT networks. The proposed architecture operates in dual-mode (Station + Access Point) configuration using a single 2.4 GHz radio interface and software-based NAT forwarding. Hardware optimization, including Bluetooth deactivation and transmission power tuning, is applied to reduce energy overhead. Experimental measurements conducted in an indoor laboratory environment evaluate throughput, latency, received signal strength indicator (RSSI), and power consumption. Results indicate that the proposed system achieves 15–35 Mbps throughput under single-client conditions, with an average latency increase of 3–8 ms compared to direct router connections. The repeater improves signal strength by up to 18 dB in weak-coverage areas, extending effective indoor coverage by approximately 10–20 m. Measured power consumption remains below 1.2 W during active forwarding, significantly lower than typical commercial repeaters. The main contribution of this work lies in providing a quantified energy–performance characterization of a microcontroller-based NAT repeater.
Design and Implementation of an IEEE 802.11 Signal Quality Monitoring Device Using an OLED Display Ananda, Desnalita; Candra, Rudi Arif; Ginting, Depi; Budianyah, Arie; Achriadi , T. Sukma
Global Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology (GASET) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Global Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology (GASET), Article Research
Publisher : Politeknik Aceh Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62671/gaset.v1i2.250

Abstract

Wireless communication based on the IEEE 802.11 standard is widely implemented in Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless network systems. The performance of such systems is strongly affected by signal quality, which directly influences connection stability, data transmission reliability, and latency. This study presents the design and implementation of a portable device for monitoring IEEE 802.11 signal quality using an OLED display. The proposed system is built on an ESP8266/ESP32 microcontroller with an integrated Wi-Fi module, enabling real-time measurement of the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) from the connected access point. The measured RSSI values are processed and converted into signal quality percentages and classified into qualitative levels, namely excellent, good, fair, and poor. The monitoring results, including SSID, RSSI value, signal quality level, connection status, and IP address, are displayed on a 0.96-inch OLED screen. Experimental testing was conducted under various conditions, including different distances from the access point and the presence of physical obstacles. The results demonstrate that the device is capable of providing accurate and stable signal quality information in real time. The developed system offers a low-cost, portable, and practical solution for wireless network performance evaluation and is suitable for educational purposes, network diagnostics, and IoT deployment analysis.
Power Efficiency Evaluation of Low-Cost IoT Repeater in Indoor Wireless Networks: Politeknik Aceh Selatan Campus Case Study Sipahutar, Erwinsyah; Hafizh, Alfi; Fauza , Rial; Candra, Rudi Arif
Global Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology (GASET) Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Global Advances in Science, Engineering & Technology (GASET), Article Research
Publisher : Politeknik Aceh Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62671/gaset.v1i2.252

Abstract

Low-cost Wi-Fi repeaters are increasingly deployed in smart campus environments to enhance indoor wireless coverage; however, their energy performance under realistic traffic conditions remains insufficiently quantified. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental evaluation of the power efficiency of an ESP8266-based IoT repeater operating in simultaneous Access Point and Station (AP+STA) mode over IEEE 802.11n (2.4 GHz). Unlike prior studies focusing primarily on protocol-level optimization or simulation-based relay models, this work provides hardware-level, real-time power characterization under controlled multi-client traffic scenarios. Experimental measurements demonstrate that average power consumption increases from 0.26 W (78 mA) in idle mode to 0.60 W (182 mA) with a single active client and up to 0.87 W (264 mA) under five-client high-load conditions. The maximum observed throughput reaches 18.4 Mbps, while energy per transmitted bit degrades from 0.032 µJ/bit to 0.047 µJ/bit as traffic intensity increases, revealing a measurable efficiency loss due to simultaneous packet reception and retransmission. A near-linear correlation (R² > 0.94) between traffic load and power consumption is identified, enabling the derivation of an empirical energy–performance model. The findings provide quantitative insight into the trade-off between coverage extension and energy demand in low-cost IoT repeaters. The proposed evaluation framework and empirical model support energy-aware deployment strategies for smart campus