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Journal of Development Research
Published by Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar
ISSN : 25799290     EISSN : 25799347     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Social, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Education Social Sciences
Journal of Development Research, a journal runs by the Institute for Research and Community Services Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar. Journal facilitates publication of the results of research in the field of human and region development. The journal is published in two versions, the print and electronic version. This journal is published every six months, i.e. April and Oktober.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 267 Documents
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The Concept of 21st-Century Inclusive Education from a Hadith Perspective Junaris, Imam; Firmansyah, Iwan
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.510

Abstract

21st-century education requires an inclusive and adaptive learning system that recognizes and accommodates student diversity. In this context, Islamic values derived from Hadith provide a normative foundation for developing just and humanistic education. This study aims to examine the concept of inclusive education from a Hadith perspective and to analyze its relevance to contemporary educational needs. A qualitative library-based research method was employed, utilizing primary sources from major Hadith compilations and secondary sources related to Islamic and inclusive education. Data were analyzed using a thematic and interpretative approach to identify key principles and their educational implications. The findings reveal that Hadith narrations emphasizing equality, compassion (rahmah), the obligation to seek knowledge, and respect for human dignity are closely aligned with the core principles of 21st-century inclusive education. However, the study also identifies a gap between these normative values and their practical implementation in modern educational contexts. Therefore, the integration of Hadith-based values requires systematic operationalization through inclusive curriculum design, differentiated instructional strategies, and the development of supportive school cultures. This study contributes by offering a conceptual framework that integrates Islamic ethical principles with contemporary inclusive education models. It argues that the Hadith perspective not only provides moral and spiritual guidance but also has practical relevance when translated into structured educational practices. Thus, inclusive education based on Hadith can serve as a transformative approach that is both contextually relevant and aligned with Islamic values.
Juridical Analysis of Cash Rejection in Consumer Transactions on Cashless Payment Practices in Indonesia Alamanda, Asri Elies; Mangar, Irma; Yasin, Bukhari; Pangestika, Pingkan Widya
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.511

Abstract

The development of digital payment systems in Indonesia encourages the increasing use of non-cash transactions in goods and services trading activities. However, in the midst of this transformation, the practice of refusing cash payments by business actors has emerged for reasons of efficiency, security, and internal company policies. This practice raises juridical problems because Rupiah money as a legal tender in Indonesian territory must be accepted in every transaction as stipulated in Law Number 7 of 2011 concerning Currency. The research method used is normative legal research. The results of the study show that the practice of refusing cash payments is basically contrary to the legal provisions regarding the obligation to use Rupiah and has the potential to violate consumers' rights to obtain fair and non-discriminatory services. On the other hand, the development of digital payment systems is also supported by government policies in realizing economic efficiency and financial inclusion. Therefore, there is a need for harmonization of regulations that provide legal certainty between the obligation to receive cash and the payment digitalization policy, so that the protection of consumer rights remains guaranteed without hindering the innovation of the national payment system.
Exploring Innovation Barriers within Local Communities: Toward Sustainable Local Human Resource Development Suryani, Adi; Suarmini, Ni Wayan; Soedarso; Nisa, Khairun; Saifulloh, Moh.
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.512

Abstract

An alternate strategy to improve the standard of living in a community is innovation. A community that is creative or innovative can manufacture products or develop unique ways to do so. The abundance of local resources can serve as a source of inspiration and possible resources to help them support their local innovation. The local community may encounter obstacles even with its wealth of resources. The Community of Sontoh is one of those local communities. Sontoh is blessed with a mangrove habitat and stunning maritime landscape. Sontoh offers marine-based, natural tourism. It also becomes research site. This study intends to investigate the innovation that the Sontoh community faces. The novelty of this study is reflected in its investigation of the multidimensional challenges that constrain local communities from independently developing collective innovation. The study uses qualitative techniques. Direct participant observation is used to collect the data. The community of Sontoh, particularly the women who participate in the study, operate home-based businesses to boost their family's income. They make a variety of local foods, including tahu krispi, kerupuk, otak-otak, pentol ikan, and opak. The two primary obstacles mentioned by the female participants are financial and ICT difficulties. A number of potential supporting factors that can encourage the growth of local innovation are suggested by the study. Information and technology, education, financial inclusion, literacy, community social capital, and organisational building capability are some of these.
Legal Implications of Internet Service Disruptions on Late Payment Penalties in Digital Consumer Transactions Labibah, Hanin Alya; Damayanti, Miranda; Lestari, Arum Ayu; Setiawan, Galih Nicky Roby; Ningsih, Yuli Pertiwi
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.513

Abstract

The development of digital technology has made internet services the primary means of conducting transactions; however, internet service disruptions often cause legal problems, especially related to late payments and the determination of the parties' responsibilities. This study aims to analyze the legal implications and forms of consumer protection for losses arising from internet service disruptions in digital transactions. The research method in this study is normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results of the study show that late payments due to internet service disruptions can be categorized as force majeure as long as they meet elements beyond their control and cannot be predicted. In these conditions, consumers cannot be burdened with responsibility in the form of late fines or compensation due to the non-fulfillment of the elements of fault in default. In addition, the rigid application of the fine clause without considering the factual conditions is contrary to the principle of good faith and the principle of fairness in the agreement. In conclusion, internet service disruption in digital transactions has significant legal implications, especially in determining whether there is a default and the responsibility of the parties. If the disruption is proven to be force majeure, then the consumer cannot be burdened with the obligation of compensation or late fines due to the non-fulfillment of the elements of fault in default. It is necessary to strengthen force majeure through the restriction of standard clauses that are detrimental to consumers in digital transactions.
Exploring The Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence to Support Digital Literacy Among Early Childhood Teachers Virdaus, Varia Virdania; Rofiyarti, Fitri; Agustina, Amelia Greceta Tiara
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.514

Abstract

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed educational practices, creating new opportunities for teachers to enhance their professional competencies, particularly in digital literacy. However, existing research has largely focused on higher education contexts, with limited attention given to early childhood education teachers. This study aims to explore how early childhood education teachers utilize generative artificial intelligence to support digital literacy in their teaching practices. This study employed a qualitative exploratory approach involving 18 early childhood education teachers with experience in using generative AI tools. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, open-ended questionnaires, and reflective responses. The data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis to identify patterns of use, perceived benefits, and challenges in integrating generative AI into teaching practices. The findings reveal that teachers use generative AI in multiple ways, including instructional preparation, idea generation, information search, and digital communication. These practices contribute to the development of teachers’ digital literacy, particularly in content creation, creative engagement, information evaluation, and ethical awareness. At the same time, teachers experience challenges related to the accuracy of AI-generated content, ethical considerations, and the need to maintain professional judgment. This study contributes to the growing discourse on artificial intelligence in education by highlighting the role of generative AI as a supportive tool for enhancing teachers’ digital literacy in early childhood education. The findings emphasize that digital literacy in the AI era requires not only technical skills but also reflective and critical engagement with technology.
Legal Position of Land Certificate Custody by Notaries in Sale and Purchase Binding Agreements Damayanti, Miranda; Labibah, Hanin Alya; Putri, Alfina Setyawan
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.515

Abstract

In the practice of sale and purchase binding agreements (PPJB), the custody of land certificates by notaries is frequently carried out as a form of assurance for the parties before the completion of the sale and purchase process. However, this practice raises legal concerns regarding whether notaries act within their authority as public officials or as parties involved in civil law relationships through custody agreements. Since no specific regulation governs certificate custody by notaries, this issue requires further legal analysis. This study aims to examine the legal position of certificate custody by notaries in PPJB and analyze their responsibility for entrusted certificates. This research employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal materials consist of relevant laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and literature. The findings indicate that certificate custody by notaries in PPJB is generally considered a civil law act based on an agreement between the parties rather than an official obligation regulated under notarial law. Therefore, civil law provisions concerning custody (bewaargeving) apply to notaries' responsibilities for entrusted certificates. Notaries may be held liable for losses caused by negligence in managing the entrusted documents. This study concludes that notaries act as legal subjects in civil relationships during certificate custody practices. Clearer regulations are needed to ensure legal certainty and protection for all parties.
Sentiment Analysis of Tokopedia Customer Reviews Using Decision Tree Setyawan, Dimas Ari; Utomo, Prasetyo Yekti; Muarief, Ridho; Fauzi, Deni Nur; Muslima, Nur Hanifa
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.516

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the sentiment of clothing stores on the Tokopedia marketplace. The dataset comprises the top 13 clothing stores and star ratings ranging from 1 to 5, spanning the period from 2019 to 2024. The Decision Tree algorithm was implemented for the sentiment analysis process, employing three attribute splitting methods: Gini Index, Gain Ratio, and Information Gain. A total of 10,490 reviews were utilized and categorized into three sentiment classes: 4,018 reviews with 4 and 5-star ratings were classified as the positive sentiment class; 3,378 reviews with 3-star ratings as the neutral sentiment class; and 3,094 reviews with 1 and 2-star ratings as the negative sentiment class. The results of the Decision Tree modeling demonstrate that the highest performance was achieved using the Information Gain algorithm, yielding an accuracy rate of 44.23%.
The Impact of the Global Energy Crisis on Energy Law Policy and Regulatory Effectiveness in Indonesia Wibowo, Teguh; Mangar, Irma; Rhozaq, Miftahul
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.521

Abstract

The global energy crisis is a strategic phenomenon that has a wide impact on the formation and implementation of energy law policies in Indonesia. The imbalance between increasing energy demand and limited fossil energy sources, accompanied by geopolitical dynamics and fluctuations in energy prices, puts Indonesia in a vulnerable position. Although previous research has discussed the economic and policy impacts of the global crisis, there are still legal gaps regarding the effectiveness of national energy regulatory frameworks in responding to crises in an adaptive and sustainable manner. In addition, previous research has not comprehensively explained the relationship between the global energy crisis and regulatory disharmony, legal certainty, and institutional capacity in the implementation of energy policy in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the influence of the global energy crisis on the direction of energy law policy and the effectiveness of its implementation. The method used is normative legal research with a statutory and conceptual approach through literature studies and descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that energy legal policies in Indonesia are still reactive, partial, and short-term oriented, causing legal uncertainty and weak integration of sustainable policies. This research offers doctrinal contributions in the form of adaptive energy law concepts based on energy security, regulatory harmonization, and the sustainability of national energy governance.
Reconstruction of the Digital Asset Execution Mechanism in the Indonesian Civil Law Framework Mansur, Moch; Mangar, Irma; Saputra, Toni Eka
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.522

Abstract

The development of digital assets as a new form of wealth poses serious challenges to Indonesian civil law, especially in terms of recognition and enforcement mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the extent to which Indonesia's civil law is currently able to accommodate the existence of digital assets and formulate a reconstruction of the ideal execution mechanism to ensure legal certainty and effectiveness in the implementation of court decisions. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach, through literature studies on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The results of the study show that Indonesia's civil law still faces conceptual and normative limitations in qualifying digital assets as legal objects, and does not yet have an execution mechanism that is adaptive to the characteristics of digital assets that are technology-based, intangible, and cross-jurisdictional. The existing execution mechanism is still oriented towards physical mastery, so it is not effective in reaching digital assets based on access control and cryptography. Therefore, a comprehensive legal reconstruction is needed, including affirming the legal status of digital assets as a civil law object with special characteristics, the development of an execution mechanism based on access control, the involvement of third parties (intermediaries), as well as the use of technology and strengthening cross-jurisdictional cooperation. This reconstruction is expected to create an adaptive legal system, provide legal certainty, and ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of court decisions in the digital era.
The Existence and Integration of Customary Law, Positive Law, and Islamic Law in the Midst of Political Dynamics Yasir, M; Mangar, Irma; Dewi, Taniya Shinta
Journal of Development Research Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Volume 10, Number 1, May 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Blitar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28926/jdr.v10i1.523

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the existence and integration of customary law, positive law, and Islamic law in facing contemporary global political dynamics. The research method used is normative legal research with a qualitative approach through literature studies. The results of the study show that the three legal systems continue to have a strategic role in Indonesia's national legal system despite facing the challenges of globalization, modernization, and the influence of universal values such as democracy and human rights. Customary law survives through cultural legitimacy and local wisdom, positive law through formal state authority, while Islamic law through religious legitimacy and its institutionalization in the national legal system. The study also found that the integration of the three legal systems is necessary to create a harmonious, adaptive, and equitable legal system. Such integration is not unification, but harmonization that allows each legal system to complement each other. The form of integration can be seen in the recognition of customary law, the application of Islamic law in certain fields, and the function of positive law as a link between local values and global norms. However, such integration faces challenges in the form of differences in principles, potential normative conflicts, and pressure on international legal standards. The novelty of this research lies in its integrative analysis based on legal pluralism in the context of contemporary global political dynamics.

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