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Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 14125269 EISSN : 23546700 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia (JAI) merupakan salah satu sarana penyebarluasan informasi hasil-hasil penelitian serta kemajuan iptek dalam bidang akuakultur yang dikelola oleh Departemen Budidaya Perairan, FPIKâ€“IPB. Sejak tahun 2005 penerbitan jurnal dilakukan 2 kali per tahun setiap bulan Januari dan Juli. Jumlah naskah yang diterbitkan per tahun relatif konsisten yaitu 23â€“30 naskah per tahun atau minimal 200 halaman.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 569 Documents

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The sex ratio and testosterone levels in tilapia immersed in different doses of 17α-methyltestosterone Junior, Muhammad Zairin; Naufal, Muhammad Restya; Setiawati, Mia; Hardianto, Dian; Alimuddin, ,
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Tilapia fish farming using monosex male population has been reported to have 10% higher productivity compared to mix-sex culture. This study aimed to determine immersion dose of 17α-metiltestosterone (MT) that allowed higher male percentage, growth, survival, and measure testosterone level in fish body. The experiment was designed as three immersion doses, namely: 0; 1.8; and 5.4 mg/L MT, each with three replications. Immersion was conducted to 14-day-old larvae for four hours, with density of 100 fish/L of water. Testosterone levels in fish was measured using ELISA method, and sex identification was performed by histology method. The result showed that percentage of male fish was the same in the treatment of 1.8 mg/L and 5.4 mg/L, and 53–65% higher than the control without MT treatment (54% male). Growth and survival of fish until day 56 post immersion were the same. By ELISA analysis, the levels of testosterone in larvae just after immersion was similar in 1.8 mg/L and 5.4 mg/L treatments, decreased drastically on day 14 after immersion, and then the levels of testosterone to be similar with the control on day 28, i.e. about 2 ng/g. By PCR method with specific primer, sex reversed and normal males could be distinguished, and on day 71 the testosterone levels in sex reversed and normal males fish was also the same, 0.3 ng/g (P>0.05). Thus, sex reversal by immersion at a dose of 1.8 mg/L can be consider as a standard protocol for monosex tilapia production. Testosterone level in the body of MT-treated fish becomes the same to the control of less than one month post immersion

Fermentation of seaweed flour with various fermenters to improve the quality of fish feed ingredients Aslamyah, Siti; Karim, Muh Yusri; Badraeni, ,
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate various types of fermentor for dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), and the chemical composition of fermented seaweed. Five types of seaweed were used as substrates included green strain of Kappaphycus alvarezii, brown strain of K. alvarezii, Gracilaria gigas, Sargassum sp., and Caulerpa sp. The treatments were four fermentors, namely Bacillus sp. 2 mL/100 g of seaweed flour; 1.5% of tape yeast as a source of Rhizopus sp.; 1.5% of baker’s yeast as a source of Saccharomyces sp.; a mix of Bacillus sp., tape yeast of Rhizopus sp. and baker’s yeast of Saccharomyces sp. with compositions of 1 mL+1 g+1 g/100 g of seaweed flour; and control treatment. The results showed an increase in the percentage of DMD (21.94–27.76%) and OMD (8.35–11.66%) of all seaweed fermented using fermentor compared to control (DMD of 17.65–20.36% and OMD of 4.36–5.98%). Moreover, the highest result was obtained by the fermentor mix (DMD of 24.86–27.76% and OMD of 10.02–11.66%). Similar result was also found in the chemical composition of fermented seaweed, there was increase in protein content of 9.23–15.93% and nitrogen free extract (NFE) of 56.05–70.26% in each seaweed treated with fermentation using fermentors, compared to controls (protein of 8.82–11.54% and NFE of 52.26–65.72%). Furthermore, the highest value was shown by seaweed fermented with mixed fermentors (protein of 9.92–15.93% and NFE of 58.47–70.26%). Yet, the opposite result was present in the ash, crude fiber, and fat content of seaweed fermented using fermentors of which the lowest value was found in treatment of mixed fermentor. Keywords: fermentation, fermentor, seaweed, quality, feed ingredients ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi berbagai jenis fermentor terhadap kecernaan bahan kering (KBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KBO), dan komposisi kimia rumput laut terfermentasi. Lima jenis rumput laut digunakan sebagai substrat, yaitu Kappaphycus alvarezii strain hijau, K. alvarezii strain coklat, Gracillaria gigas, Sargasum sp., dan Caulerva sp. Perlakuan yang diuji empat fermentor, yaitu Bacillus sp. 2 mL/100 g tepung rumput laut; 1,5% ragi tape sebagai sumber Rhizopus sp.; 1,5% ragi roti sebagai sumber Saccharomyces sp.; campuran Bacillus sp., ragi tape Rhizopus sp., dan ragi roti Saccharomyces sp. dengan komposisi 1 mL+1 g+1 g/100 g tepung rumput laut; serta kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan persentase KBK (21,94–27,76%) dan KBO (8,35–11,66%) semua jenis rumput laut difermentasi dengan fermentor dibandingkan kontrol (KBK 17,65–20,36, dan KBO 4,36–5,98%) dan yang tertinggi dengan fermentor campuran (KBK 24,86–27,76 dan KBO 10,02–11,66%). Begitu juga yang terjadi pada komposisi kimia rumput laut difermentasi, terjadi peningkatan kadar protein (9,23–15,93%) dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen/BETN (56,05–70,26%) pada setiap rumput laut yang diberi perlakuan fermentasi menggunakan fermentor, dibandingkan kontrol (protein 8,82–11,54% dan BETN 52,26–65,72%), yang tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh rumput laut yang difermentasi dengan fermentor campuran (protein 9,92–15,93% dan BETN 58,47–70,26%). Namun, terjadi sebaliknya pada kadar abu, serat kasar, dan lemak rumput laut yang difermentasi dengan fermentor lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol, dan terendah dengan perlakuan fermentor campuran. Kata kunci: fermentasi, fermentor, rumput laut, kualitas, bahan pakan

The growth rate of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fry fed on fermented Lemna sp. meal Rostika, Rita; Andriani, Yuli; Abram, Arthur Henry; Vinasyiam, Apriana
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACT This research aimed to evaluate the supplementation of fermented Lemna sp. meal (FLM) in the artificial diet on the growth rate of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. The research design used was complete randomized design consisting of four treatments; A (0% FLM), B (20% FLM), C (30% FLM), and D (40% FLM) in triplicates. The parameters observed were the nutritional composition of LFM, daily growth rate (DGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival rate (SR), and water quality. Fermentation with Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) has increased crude protein and crude lipid of FLM respectively 5.60% and 5.76%. However it decreased the crude fiber of FLM up to 15.27%. The result suggested that supplementation of FLM 0–40% in the artificial diet could give DGR 0.81–1.20%, FCR 2.48–2.97; and SR 72%–84% in Nile tilapia. The addition of 40% LFM showed the best result among all treatments. Key words: Lemna meal, EM4, fermentation, Nile tilapia fry ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan tepung Lemna sp. fermentasi (TLF) pada pakan buatan terhadap laju pertumbuhan ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) terdiri atas empat perlakuan, yaitu A (0% TLF), B (20% TLF), C (30% TLF), dan D (40% TLF) dengan masing-masing tiga ulangan. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian antara lain nilai nutrisi TLF, laju pertumbuhan harian (LPH) ikan nila, rasio konversi pakan (RKP), sintasan (SR), dan kualitas air. Fermentasi dengan Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) meningkatkan protein kasar dan lemak kasar TLF sebesar masing-masing 5,60% dan 6,76%, akan tetapi menurunkan serat kasar hingga 15,27%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian TLF 0–40% dalam pakan komersial menghasilkan LPH 0,81–1,20%; RKP 2,48– 2,97; dan SR 72%–84%. Pemberian TLF sebanyak 40% merupakan perlakuan yang menunjukkan hasil terbaik. Kata kunci: tepung Lemna, EM4, fermentasi, benih ikan nila

Growth, biomass, and chlorophyll-a and carotenoid content of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17 under different light intensities Fakhri, Muhammad; Arifin, Nasrullah Bai; Hariati, Anik Martina; Yuniarti, Ating
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACT Nannochloropsis sp. has been identified as sources of live feed and pigment in aquaculture. To increase the production, the optimal environmental conditions for microalgae are required. Light intensity is one of the important factors that significantly affects the biomass and pigment of microalgae. The study aimed to determine the effect of light intensity (1,500; 3,000; and 4,500 lux) on growth, biomass production, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid content of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. The results showed that different light intensities significantly affected the growth, biomass, chlorophyll-a and carotenoid contents of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. Increasing light intensity resulted in the increase of the growth rate, biomass, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid contents of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. The cell achieved the highest specific growth rate of 1.729 %/day and the cell concentration of 43.333×106 cell/mL at a light intensity of 4,500 lux. The highest chlorophyll-a and carotenoid concentrations of algae were obtained at 4,500 lux (8.304 μg/mL and 3.892 μg/mL, respectively). This study suggested that increasing light intensity led to the increase in the growth, biomass, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid content of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. Keywords: carotenoid, chlorophyll, biomass, growth rate, light intensity ABSTRAK Nannochloropsis sp. diketahui sebagai sumber pakan alami dan pigmen pada budidaya perikanan. Budidaya pada kondisi lingkungan yang optimal diperlukan untuk meningkatkan produksi mikroalga. Intensitas cahaya merupakan salah satu faktor esensial yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi biomassa dan pigmen mikroalga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh intensitas cahaya yang berbeda (1.500, 3.000, and 4.500 lux) terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, klorofil-a, dan karotenoid Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa intensitas cahaya yang berbeda berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan, biomassa dan klorofil-a dan karotenoid Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. Semakin tinggi intensitas cahaya maka laju pertumbuhan, biomassa, kandungan klorofil-a dan total karotenoid Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17 semakin tinggi. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi 1,729%/hari dan konsentrasi sel maksimum tertinggi 43,333×106 sel/mL dihasilkan pada intensitas cahaya 4.500 lux. Konsentrasi klorofil-a (8,304 μg/mL) dan karotenoid (3,892 μg/mL) tertinggi juga diperoleh pada intensitas cahaya 4.500 lux. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan intensitas cahaya berperan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, klorofil-a, dan karotenoid Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. Kata kunci: karotenoid, klorofil, biomassa, pertumbuhan, intensitas cahaya

The application of pigment-protein fraction from Nannochloropsis oculata on β-actin response of Cromileptes altivelis infected with viral nervous necrosis Yanuhar, Uun; Khumaidi, Achmad
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACT β-actin is a prominent protein in the immune system. An outcome from gene transcription, the protein protects against pathogen infection, such as receptor clustering, antigen internalization, and regulating vesicle for antigen processing. ß - actin expression will determine the success of immune response of the organism. This study aimed to understand the role of pigment-protein fraction (PPF) from Nannochloropsis oculata in the increase of β-actin expression in humpback grouper Cromileptes altivelis infected by viral nervous necrosis (VNN). The experiment was performed with one negative control (A: normal fish) and three PPF treatments (B: fish + PPF, C: fish + VNN, and D: fish + PPF + VNN). PPF was applied through the sonde method and analyzed with immunohistochemistry technique and Immunoratio software. The results showed that PPF was able to increase β-actin expression on all treatments: A (34.9%), B (38.1%), C (39.1%), and D (51.6%). It demonstrated PPF ability to induce the increase of β-actin expression indicating an improved defense of humpback grouper C. altivelis against VNN infection. Keywords: β-actin, pigment-protein fraction, Nannochloropsis oculata, VNN ABSTRAK β-aktin adalah protein yang berfungsi penting sebagai salah satu sistem pertahanan tubuh. Protein ini merupakan hasil transkripsi dari gen yang memiliki fungsi penting dalam sistem pertahanan tubuh terhadap infeksi patogen, seperti kelompok reseptor, internalisasi antigen, dan mengatur keluar masuknya vesikel untuk pemrosesan antigen. Ekpresi β-aktin menjadi penentu berhasil atau tidaknya respons imun pada tubuh organisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran fraksi protein pigment (FPP) dari Nannochloropsis oculata dalam meningkatkan respons β-aktin pada ikan kerapu tikus Cromileptes altivelis yang terinfeksi viral nervous necrosis (VNN). Pengamatan dilakukan pada empat percobaan yaitu, satu kontrol (A : ikan normal) dan tiga perlakuan FPP (B : ikan + FPP, C: ikan + VNN, dan D: ikan + VNN + FPP). Pemberian FPP menggunakan metode sonde dan analisis hasil penelitian menggunakan teknik imunohistokimia dan Immunoratio. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengiduksian FPP mampu meningkatkan ekpresi β-aktin yaitu A (34,9%), B (38,1%), C (39,1%), dan D (51,6%). Hal tersebut menunjukan FPP mampu menjadi inducer yang baik untuk peningkatan ekpresi β-aktin. Meningkatnya ekspresi β-aktin bisa dijadikan sebagai indikator pertahanan tubuh ikan kerapu tikus C. altivelis terhadap infeksi VNN. Kata kunci: β-aktin, fraksi protein pigmen, Nannochloropsis oculata, VNN

Genetic variability and performance of Asian swamp eel Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793) from West Java cultured in saline water medium Soelistyowati, Dinar Tri; Syarif, Ahmad Fahrul; Affandi, Ridwan; Hidayatullah, Dendi
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACT Asian swamp eel Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793) is freshwater fish species which is prospective for domestic and export markets. The production is limited depend on the catches of natural population. The cultivation of eel has been carried out to increase the production for sustainability. This study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability and performance of Asian swamp eel from West Java and its potential cultivation in water based media with salinity. Three populations from West Java were collected of different altitudes from Sukabumi (673 m asl), Cianjur (429 m asl), Karawang (51 m asl) sized 19–26.5 cm and weighed 4.95–11.4 g. The cultivation was performed during 30 days in water media without substrate at salinity 6 ppt with density of 1 kg/m2 and maintenance at container 50×30×30 cm completed with shelter pipe of ¾ inches diameter and 20 cm length, height of water 10 cm and water exchange 100% every day, fed at satiation using Tubificidae once a day. Genetically, all of the populations showed low heterozygosity at 1.19–1.23% and genetic distance 0.01–0.04. Asian swamp eel adapted better at water salinity 6 ppt which indicated by low mesure of osmotic gradient and blood glucose. Asian swamp eel from Karawang showed superior at survival rate (90%) and daily growth rate (1.42/day). Keywords: Asian swamp eel, Monopterus albus, cultivation, genetic variability, salinity ABSTRAK Belut sawah Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793) merupakan komoditas ikan air tawar potensial di pasar domestik maupun ekspor, namun produksinya masih mengandalkan hasil tangkapan dari alam karena budidaya belum berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik dan keragaan belut sawah asal Jawa Barat dan potensinya untuk dikembangkan dengan teknik budidaya di air bersalinitas tanpa lumpur. Tiga populasi belut sawah dikoleksi dari lokasi di Jawa Barat dengan ketinggian berbeda yaitu Sukabumi (673 m dpl), Cianjur (429 m dpl), Karawang (51 m dpl). Sumber genetik belut berukuran 19–26,5 cm dan bobot berkisar 4,95–11,4 g dipelihara selama 30 hari dalam media air tanpa substrat bersalinitas 6 ppt. Wadah pemeliharaan berukuran 50×30×30 cm dilengkapi shelter pipa paralon diameter ¾ inci dan panjang 20 cm serta ketinggian air 10 cm. Padat penebaran ikan 1 kg/m2 (20 ekor/wadah), serta pergantian air 100% dilakukan setiap hari dan pemberian pakan berupa Tubificidae secara at satiation satu kali sehari. Secara genetik ketiga populasi menunjukkan tingkat heterosigositas yang rendah yaitu berkisar 0,19–0,23 % dan jarak genetik 0,01–0,04. Belut sawah menunjukkan respons adaptasi yang baik dalam media air tanpa substrat pada salinitas 6 ppt berdasarkan indikator beban osmotik dan kadar glukosa yang rendah. Belut sawah asal Karawang unggul pada laju pertumbuhan harian (1,42/hari) dan kelangsungan hidup (90 %). Kata kunci: belut sawah Monopterus albus, budidaya, keragaman genetik, salinitas

Potency of sponge-associated bacteria producing bioactive compounds as biological control of vibriosis on shrimp Rini, Adityawati Fajar; Yuhana, Munti; Wahyudi, Aris Tri
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to obtain sponge-associated bacteria as biocontrol to inhibit vibriosis in vitro and in vivo, to identify the bacterial isolates based on 16S-rRNA gene, and to detect the presence of nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS), and polyketide synthase (PKS) genes to prove its ability of bioactive compounds synthesis. Aaptos sp. and Hyrtios sp. sponges were collected from Pramuka Island, Jakarta. The isolation using sea water complete (SWC) and zobel marine agar (ZMA) medium obtained 174 isolates. A total 69 isolates were screened successfully based on their antibacterial activity. 47 isolates showed negative haemolysis through hemolytic assays. The pathogenicity test used twelve selected isolates that have a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and haemolysis negative. The result of pathogenicity test showed that 12 isolates were not pathogenic to the shrimp post larvae with no significantly different (P>0.05) between treatment and negative control. Results of challenge test with Vibrio harveyi have a significant difference survival (70±5.0–90±0.0%) (P<0.05) compared with positive control (38.3±2.9%). Genetic analysis based on 16S-rRNA revealed the groups of three genera belonged to Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, and Alcaligenes. Based on amplification of NRPS and PKS genes, four bacterial isolates have been detected to have only NRPS gene, one isolate has only PKS, and one isolate has both genes. The results indicate that the potency of six sponge-associated bacteria as bioactive compounds producers. Keywords: NRPS, PKS, anti-vibriosis, Pacific white shrimp ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh isolat bakteri asosiasi spons yang mempunyai kemampuan dalam menghambat vibriosis secara in vitro, in vivo dan mendeteksi gen 16S-rRNA, nonribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS) serta polyketide synthase (PKS) untuk memastikan kemampuan mensintesis senyawa bioaktif. Spons Aaptos sp. dan Hyrtios sp. berhasil dikoleksi dari perairan Pulau Pramuka, Kep. Seribu Jakarta. Isolasi bakteri dengan menggunakan media sea water complete (SWC) dan zobel marine agar (ZMA) diperoleh 174 isolat. Sebanyak 69 isolat terdeteksi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Uji hemolisis menunjukkan 47 isolat adalah hemolisis negatif. Uji patogenisitas menggunakan 12 isolat terpilih yang memiliki spektrum luas dan hemolisis negatif. Hasil uji patogenisitas tehadap 12 isolat menunjukkan bahwa semua isolat tidak bersifat patogen terhadap pascalarva udang vaname. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan sintasan pascalarva udang vaname yang tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) dengan kontrol negatif. Hasil uji tantang terhadap Vibrio harveyi diketahui sintasan pascalarva udang vaname (70±5,0–90±0,0%) memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif (38,3±2,9%). Berdasarkan analisis sekuen gen 16S-rRNA, menunjukkan bahwa isolat-isolat tersebut memiliki kemiripan dengan genus Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, dan Alcaligenes. Deteksi gen NRPS dan PKS menggunakan PCR diperoleh empat isolat bakteri memiliki hanya gen NRPS, satu isolat memiliki hanya gen PKS, dan satu isolat memiliki kedua gen NRPS-PKS. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa keenam isolat memiliki potensi sebagai penghasil senyawa bioaktif. Kata kunci: NRPS, PKS, antivibriosis, udang vaname

Survival and growth responses of snakehead fish Channa striata Bloch. juvenile in aerated and unaerated acid sulfate water Purnamawati, ,; Djokosetiyanto, Daniel; Nirmala, Kukuh; Surawidjaja, Enang Harris; Affandi, Ridwan
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACT The aim of the research was to analyze survival rate, specific growth rate, albumin, and feed efficiency and physiological (blood glucose, cortisol, dan haemoglobin) responses of snake head fish juvenil that reared at aerated and unaerated of tidal land water have been conducted in the laboratory. Experiments using completely randomized design with aerated and unaerated as a treatment, and each treatment has twelve replications. The snakehead fish juvenil wich length 2.4±0.2 cm and weight of 0.21±0.05 g reared in the aquarium that are size 30×25×35 cm (water volume 25 L) with a stocking density 2 juvenile/L, for 40 days. The fishes were fed with commercial feed with protein content about 40%, feeding two times a day (morning and afternoon) were at satiation. Replacement of water done every two days about 10% of the total water volume in the aquarium. The results showed that unaerated median significantly affected to biometric and physiological response of juvenile of snake head fish. The media un-aerated gives the best results shown by the higher value of survival (92%), specific growth rate (6.73%/ day), feed efficiency (78.22%), protein retention (41.91%), energy retention (30.81%) value of albumin (6.60 g/100 mL) and the haemoglobin (5.58 g/dL), and have the lowest value of cortisol (21.49 ng/L) and blood glucose (43.36 mg/100 mL). Keywords: acid sulfate water, growth rate, aeration, Channa striata ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis respons kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan spesifik, albumin, dan efisiensi pakan dan fisiologis (kortisol, glukosa darah, dan hemoglobin) juvenil ikan gabus yang dipelihara dengan dan tanpa aerasi pada media air rawa pasang surut. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan aerasi dan tanpa aerasi sebagai perlakuan, dan masing-masing perlakuan memiliki 12 ulangan. Juvenil ikan gabus berukuran panjang 2,4±0,3 cm dan bobot 0,21±0,03 g dipelihara dalam akuarium 30×25×35 cm (volume 25 L) dengan padat tebar 2 ekor/L, selama 40 hari. Ikan diberi pakan berupa pakan komersial dengan kadar protein ±40%, pemberian pakan dua kali sehari (pagi dan sore) at satiation. Penggantian air dan penyiponan dilakukan dua hari sekali sebanyak 10% dari volume total dalam akuarium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tanpa aerasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap respons biometrik dan fisiologis juvenil ikan gabus. Media tanpa aerasi memberikan hasil yang lebih baik ditunjukkan oleh kelangsungan hidup (92%), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (6,73%/ hari), efisiensi pakan (78,22%), retensi protein (41,91%), retensi energi (30,81%), kadar albumin (6,60 g/100 mL), dan hemoglobin (5,85 g/dL) yang lebih tinggi, sedangkan kadar kortisol (219 ng/L) dan glukosa darah (43,36 mg/100 mL) yang terendah. Kata kunci: media sulfat masam, pertumbuhan, aerasi, Channa striata

Triploid striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus: growth performance and gonadal development Ibrahim, Yusran; Soelistyowati, Dinar Tri; Carman, Odang
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACT This study was aimed to evaluate the growth performance and gonadal development of diploid and triploid striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Triploids were produced through a heat shock method at 42 °C for two minutes, at two minutes after fertilization. Before treatment performed, group of triploid and diploid were separated through nucleolus counting confirmed cromoseme counting. Five individual of each group at the age of nine months were tagged and reared for two months. Parameter of growth performance, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate were analysed using independent-samples t-test at confidence interval 95%, while gonadosomatic index (GSI) and gonad histology were analysed descriptively. No significant differences were observed between diploid and triploid fish in terms of growth performance, feed conversion ratio, and survival rate (P>0.05) during the two months rearing period, while GSI was higher in diploid (P<0.05) compared to triploid females. Histological observations of triploid female gonads showed early development stage, indicating sterility through symptoms such as oocytes degradation and abnormal development. Meanwhile, male gonad developed faster compared to female as spermatids were found in several lobules. As conclusion, diploid and triploid striped catfish P. hypophthalmus growth performance did not differ up to the age of 11 months, although some sterility symptoms were observed in both male and female. Keywords: diploid, triploid, growth, gonad, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gonad ikan patin siam Pangasianodon hypophthalmus diploid dan triploid. Triploid diproduksi dengan kejut suhu panas pada suhu 42 °C selama dua menit, pada dua menit setelah fertilisasi. Sebelum pengujian, kelompok diploid dan triploid dipisahkan dengan menganalisis jumlah nukleolus yang dikonfirmasi dengan penghitungan jumlah kromosom. Masing-masing lima ekor ikan diploid dan triploid pada umur sembilan bulan ditandai dan dipelihara selama dua bulan. Parameter pertumbuhan, rasio konversi pakan, dan kelangsungan hidup dianalisis menggunakan independent-samples t-test pada selang kepercayaan 95% sedangkan gonadosomatik indeks (GSI) dan histologi gonad dianalisis secara deskriptif. Pertumbuhan, rasio konversi pakan, dan kelangsungan hidup antara diploid dan triploid selama dua bulan pemeliharaan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata (P>0,05). Nilai GSI diploid lebih tinggi (P<0,05) dibandingkan triploid, baik pada jantan maupun betina. Hasil histologi menunjukkan bahwa gonad ikan patin betina masih pada tahap perkembangan awal. Namun, indikasi steril terlihat dengan adanya degradasi oosit dan perkembangannya yang terganggu. Gonad jantan berkembang lebih cepat dibandingkan betina, dengan ditemukannya spermatid pada beberapa lobule. Gonad jantan triploid menunjukkan adanya gejala sterilitas tetapi tidak permanen, sebagian masih mampu berkembang hingga fase spermatid, namun jumlahnya lebih sedikit dibandingkan diploid. Berdasarkan penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa pertumbuhan antara ikan patin siam diploid dan triploid hingga umur 11 bulan tidak menunjukkan perbedaan, akan tetapi gejala sterilitas ditemukan baik pada jantan maupun betina triploid. Kata kunci: diploid, triploid, pertumbuhan, gonad, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

Application of gamal Gliricidia sepium leaves compost as depuration agent of leads (Pb) in the body organ of red tilapia Oreochromis sp. Robin, ,; Nirmala, Kukuh; Harris, Enang; Affandi, Ridwan; Jusadi, Dedi
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

ABSTRACT This study was aimed to perform depuration of Pb contained in tilapia body. The experiments were conducted in aquarium using compost of Gliricidia sepium leaf at a concentration of 10g/L, 20 g/L, 30 g/L, 40 g/L, and 0 g/L (control). The result showed that Pb level in fish muscle immersed with compost of Gliricidia leaf at a dose of 30 g/L for five days successfully decreased to a safe limit for human consumption (<0.3 mg/kg). However, decrease of Pb level in fish liver and kidney to finally reach the safe limit required seven days. Decreasing level of lead in the organs of experimental fish along with the increasing level of Pb in compost and maintenance media indicated that Pb accumulated in fish were released into the maintenance media by compost through chelation process. To conclude, compost of G. sepium leaves can be used as the material for depuration of Pb in the body of tilapia Keywords: humic acid, fulvic acid, depuration, Gliricidia leaves, lead, red tilapia ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendepurasi Pb yang terkandung di tubuh ikan nila. Percobaan dilakukan di dalam akuarium menggunakan kompos daun gamal pada konsentrasi 10 g/L, 20 g/L, 30 g/L, 40 g/L, dan 0 g/L (kontrol). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, Pb di daging ikan yang direndam dengan kompos daun gamal pada konsentrasi 30 g/L selama lima hari, kadarnya menurun hingga batas aman untuk dikonsumsi manusia (<0,3 mg/ kg). Penurunan Pb di hati dan ginjal untuk mencapai kadar aman membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lama, yakni tujuh hari. Seiring dengan menurunnya kadar Pb dalam organ ikan uji, kisaran Pb dalam kompos dan media budidaya meningkat, menunjukkan bahwa Pb dari tubuh ikan dilepaskan ke media budidaya dan terjadi proses khelat oleh kompos. Dengan demikian, kompos daun gamal bisa digunakan sebagai bahan pendepurasi Pb dari tubuh ikan nila. Kata kunci: asam humat, asam fulvik, depurasi, daun gamal, timbal, nila merah

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