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Faizal Amir Parlindungan Nasution
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan
Published by Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan, Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan RI
ISSN : 19076096     EISSN : 27228770     DOI : 10.47198
Core Subject : Economy, Social,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan (J-naker/The Indonesian Journal of Manpower) adalah publikasi ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan, Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan. J-naker bekerjasama dengan beberapa asosiasi fungsional dan profesi di bidang ketenagakerjaan dalam rangka mengembangkan publikasi ini agar menjadi wadah peningkatan kualitas kebijakan ketenagakerjaan. Kerjasama tersebut antara lain dengan Asosiasi Analis Kebijakan Indonesia (AAKI) Komisariat Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan, Asosiasi Mediator Hubungan Industrial Indonesia (AMHII), Asosiasi Pengawas Ketenagakerjaan Indonesia (APKI), Asosiasi Instruktur Pelatihan Kerja Republik Indonesia Indonesia (PILAR RI), Ikatan Pengantar Kerja Seluruh Indonesia (IKAPERJASI), dan Persatuan Perencana Pembangunan Indonesia (PPPI) Komisariat Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 124 Documents
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Analisis Variabel-Variabel yang Memengaruhi Kesejahteraan Pekerja Lansia Berstatus KRT di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2022 Yendri, Rahma Zikra; Prasetyo, Achmad
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i2.368

Abstract

Most countries in the world are currently experiencing the phenomenon of population aging, and Indonesia is no exception. Since 2021, Indonesia has entered the old population structure. Population aging is a development challenge due to the vulnerable and unwell elderly, especially those who work. Nationally, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province is the province with the highest percentage of working elderly above the national figure and among them are at the bottom of the economy. Therefore, this study aims to determine the variables that affect the welfare status of the working elderly household head. By using Susenas data in 2022 and the multilevel binary logistic regression method, it was found that as many as 40.15 percent of the welfare status of the working elderly household head in NTT Province were classified as not prosperous. Then, the variables of age, gender, regional classification, education, marital status, pension insurance ownership, and cellphone usage at the individual level, as well as the variables of health facility ratio, and crime incidence ratio at the district/city level have a significant effect on the welfare status of the working elderly household head in NTT Province. The tendency for the elderly to be unwell is greatest for the elderly who are female, live in rural areas, have completed primary school, have never married, do not have pension insurance, do not use mobile phones, have a low ratio of health facilities in districts/cities, and a high ratio of crime incidents in districts/cities. The variation in the welfare of the elderly with head of household status caused by differences in the characteristics of each district/city is 4.56 percent.
Apakah faktor ekonomi masih berelasi dengan kepuasan kerja lansia ? Jamalludin, Jamalludin; Pitoyo, Agus Joko; Listiyaningsih, Umi
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i2.380

Abstract

Job satisfaction is influenced by expectations, which vary at different stages of life. This study aims to analyze the relationship between economic and non-economic factors and the job satisfaction of elderly workers. The analysis is based on data from the 2017 Happiness Level Measurement Survey (SPTK), focusing on 3,582 workers aged 50-70 years who are classified as laborers, employees, or staff. The results show that both economic and non-economic factors are significantly related to job satisfaction among elderly workers. Economic factors have a greater impact on job satisfaction than non-economic factors. Key economic factors include wages, the alignment of wages with the intensity of work, and job security. Non-economic factors include the alignment of job roles with workers' interests and skills, as well as overall job comfort. Among economic variables, wages have the strongest influence on job satisfaction—the lower the wage, the lower the job satisfaction. Among non-economic variables, job comfort has the most substantial impact on job satisfaction.
Reconstruction of Death Insurance Regulations for Non-Wage Workers and the Sustainability of the Death Social Security Fund Pratiwi, Retna
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i2.392

Abstract

This journal explores the reconstruction of death insurance regulations for workers who are not wage recipients, aimed at maintaining the sustainability of the death social security fund in Indonesia. The background of this study stems from the challenges faced by non-wage workers in accessing adequate social security benefits, particularly in the event of death, which is a critical aspect of social protection. The objective of the research is to evaluate the current regulatory framework and propose reforms that ensure equitable access and sustainability of the death benefit program for all workers, regardless of their wage status. The study employs a qualitative research method, utilizing legal analysis and case studies to assess the effectiveness of existing regulations and identify gaps that hinder the optimal functioning of the death insurance system. The results indicate significant disparities in the protection provided to wage and non-wage workers, highlighting the need for a more inclusive approach. The proposed regulatory reconstruction emphasizes the importance of expanding coverage, enhancing contributions, and improving the management of the social security fund to ensure long-term sustainability. The conclusions drawn from this research underscore the urgency of regulatory reforms that align with the principles of social justice and financial viability, ensuring that all workers, particularly those who are non-wage recipients, are adequately protected under the death social security program. This study provides a roadmap for policymakers and stakeholders to address the existing challenges and strengthen the social security framework in Indonesia.
The Job Loss Insurance Program as a Government Policy Response to Address the Impact of National Economic Fluctuations and Layoffs Putri, Indah Anggoro; Nasution, Faizal Amir P; Muhyiddin, Muhyiddin
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i2.393

Abstract

Fluctuations in the national economy caused by several things, such as a decline in economic growth, the global economic crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic, often lead to layoffs (PHK). Layoffs have various negative impacts on life, such as depression, mental health, financial problems, social relationships, decreased physical health, and impacts on careers. The JKP program is one of the policies to overcome these negative impacts. The JKP program is designed to provide financial support, job training, and access to labor market information for laid-off workers, with the aim of reducing the social and economic impact of layoffs and helping workers return to the labor market with better skills. The aim of this research is to explain the JKP program as a response to government policy in overcoming the negative impacts of layoffs. This research uses a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach. The implementation of the JKP program has shown positive results, such as increasing people's purchasing power and contributing to economic recovery. However, there are several challenges in its implementation, including infrastructure, technical problems and uneven socialization. Periodic program evaluation is needed to address this problem and ensure the long-term effectiveness of the JKP program. This article also emphasizes the importance of collaboration between government and industry in improving the relevance and quality of vocational training. It is hoped that the JKP program can continue to adapt and improve protection for workers in Indonesia, thereby providing better economic and social stability
Analysis of Labor Force Participation Rate in Riau Province: A Spatial Autoregressive Approach Adnan, Arisman; Erda, Gustriza; Sirait, Tesa Theresia
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i3.345

Abstract

The labor force participation rate (LFPR) is one of the important indicators for measuring the participation of the labor force involved in economic activities. In Riau Province, LFPR has exceeded half the population, resulting in increasingly tight job competition. This research aims to model the factors influencing LFPR in Riau Province in 2021 using the Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR). Based on the Moran Index, there is positive spatial autocorrelation in LFPR, while based on the Lagrange Multiplier test, the SAR model is appropriate to use because of the lag dependence on the dependent variable. SAR analysis shows that the non-labor force variables (????1), poverty line (????2), productive age population (15-64 years) (????3), and population growth rate (????4) have a significant positive influence on LFPR. In contrast, the type ratio variable gender (????5) has a negative influence. Apart from that, a lag coefficient of 0.4935 was obtained, which means that if the value of the LFPR figure in a region increases by 1 unit, it will increase by 0.4935 times the average LFPR in neighboring areas of the region. This highlights the need for policies aimed at increasing the LFPR to account for regional coordination, as changes in one area's LFPR can influence adjacent regions. Consequently, the Riau Provincial Government should promote collaboration among districts and cities to formulate a cohesive strategy, while each district should design policies that align with their unique local characteristics and the spatial dynamics of surrounding areas.
Formulation of Arrangements for Not Achieving Work Targets of Workers/Laborers as a Reason for Termination of Work Relationships Winarsi, Sri; Nugraha, Xavier; Arjuna, Gio; Putri, Dita Elvia Kusuma
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i3.354

Abstract

Article 154A of Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower and Article 36 of Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021 on Fixed-term Employment Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment have regulated the reasons for termination of employment in a limitation and enumerative. However, there is a legal vacuum regarding the non-fulfillment of targets by workers or laborers as a reason for termination of employment, even though employers often use this reason. Based on these legal issues, the problem formulation in this article is first, how is the validity of not achieving sales targets as a reason for termination of employment? Second, what are the legal considerations of the Panel of Judges regarding the non-achievement of sales targets as a reason for termination of employment? This research is a normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The results of this research are first, the reason for termination of employment related to the non-fulfillment of targets by workers or laborers can be used as a reason for termination of employment if the reason is regulated in the Work Agreement, Company Regulation, or Collective Labor Agreement and has previously been given the first, second, and third warning letters consecutively each valid for a maximum of 6 (six) months unless otherwise stipulated in the Work Agreement, Company Regulation, or Collective Labor Agreement. Secondly, based on existing court decisions, the reasons for termination of employment related to non-fulfillment of targets by workers or laborers are valid.
Determinants of Unemployment Among Gen Z in South Sulawesi Ayu, Sri Jayanti Dewa; Diksa, I Gusti Bagus Ngurah
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i3.382

Abstract

Indonesia has experienced a demographic bonus since 2015 with the peak period estimated to occur between 2020 and 2035, which is characterized by the population structure being dominated by people of productive age compared to non-productive age. The demographic bonus can be used as an opportunity for the government to improve its regional economy. According to the 2023 Indonesian Youth Statistics, the estimated percentage of youth (population aged 16 - 30 years) in Indonesia is 23.18 percent or almost a quarter of the Indonesian population. Still, the youth open unemployment rate (TPT) is also high, exceeding the national TPT. The 2020 Population Census portrait shows that youth in Indonesia are dominated by Generation Z (Gen Z) with a total population of 74.93 million. Data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) shows worrying figures regarding unemployment among Gen Z in Indonesia. As many as 9.9 million Gen Z aged 15-24 years will be recorded as unemployed in 2023, which is equivalent to 22.25% of the total Gen Z population in Indonesia. Gen Z is a population group that dominates the population composition of South Sulawesi and has the potential to become an actor in Indonesia's future development. The analytical method used in this research is binary logistic regression. The results of this study show that the variables gender, marital status, head of household status, education level and type of region have a significant influence on the emergence of unemployment among Gen Z.
Employed Yet Still Poor: A Microdata Analysis of Working Poverty in Indonesia Setyanti, Axellina Muara; Syafitri, Wildan; Finuliyah, Firdaus; Khoiruddin, Muhammad Afif
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i3.403

Abstract

This study aims to quantify the extent of working poverty in Indonesia and identify the demographic, geographic, and occupational factors associated with it, using microdata from the Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) 2022. The analysis employs logistic regression to determine the key determinants of working poverty among Indonesian laborers. The results reveal that older individuals, males, those with bank accounts, and those who use telephones and the internet are less likely to be in working poverty. These findings highlight the importance of age-related experience, gender-related economic advantages, financial inclusion, and digital connectivity in mitigating working poverty. Notably, education and formal sector employment did not show significant effects, suggesting that other factors may mediate their relationship with working poverty. The results emphasize the need for policies promoting financial and digital inclusion as part of poverty alleviation strategies. Enhancing access to banking services, telecommunication, and the internet, along with addressing gender disparities in the labor market, is crucial. Further exploration into the quality and market relevance of education is also recommended to design effective interventions tailored to the diverse needs of the working poor.
The Ambiguity of Employment Relationship in Indonesia's Gig Economy: A Study of Online Motorcycle Taxi Drivers Muhyiddin, Muhyiddin; Annazah, Nur Siti; Henriko Tobing, Henriko; Habibi, Nugroho; Fauziyah, Fahimah; Harsiwie, Riesa Istiqamah Putri
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i3.416

Abstract

The rise of the gig economy in Indonesia, driven by digital platforms such as Gojek and Grab, has created significant employment opportunities through online motorcycle taxis (ojek online). However, the employment relationship between digital platforms and online motorcycle taxi drivers remains ambiguous. Currently, no explicit regulation defines the status of gig workers within Indonesia's legal framework. The absence of recognition as formal employees leaves these workers in precarious conditions, devoid of social security, minimum wage guarantees, and collective bargaining rights. This policy paper reviews existing regulations, evaluates international approaches, and identifies the benefits and challenges of unregulated gig work in Indonesia. Comparative benchmarks from Spain, the United States, and Malaysia highlight potential solutions to balance worker protection and platform flexibility. This study proposes a hybrid employment relationship that integrates core labor protections while maintaining work flexibility. Key regulatory components include social security access, algorithm transparency, and dispute resolution mechanisms. Short-term (1-year) and medium-term (5-year) strategies are outlined to achieve comprehensive regulations for Indonesia’s gig economy. Ultimately, this research provides actionable policy recommendations for the Indonesian government to establish fair and sustainable employment relations in the digital era.
Evaluation of the Implementation of Law No. 1 of 1970 on Occupational Safety: Challenges, Effectiveness, and Policy Recommendations Ahmad, Iqbal Faza; Trisnantari, Sita Agung; Amrizal, Muhammad Dio Rhiza; Rozikin, Irkham Syahrul; Muhyiddin, Muhyiddin
Jurnal Ketenagakerjaan Vol 19 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Kebijakan Ketenagakerjaan Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan Republik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47198/jnaker.v19i3.417

Abstract

This policy analysis evaluates the implementation of Law No. 1 of 1970 on Occupational Safety in Indonesia, focusing on its effectiveness, challenges, and relevance in the Industry 4.0 era. With technological advancements and changing work conditions such as remote work and automation, the law is considered inadequate to address emerging risks. Using a qualitative approach, the analysis examines the legal framework, regulatory overlaps between the Ministry of Manpower and the Ministry of Health, and the effectiveness of field inspections. Findings reveal significant challenges in the law's implementation. Workplace safety inspections are suboptimal due to limited numbers and quality of inspectors and insufficient use of technology in monitoring. Several studies highlight how decentralized labor inspections at the provincial level lead to poor coordination and resource allocation. Additionally, penalties such as a maximum fine of IDR 100,000 fail to deter violators effectively. Recommendations include revising Law No. 1/1970 to address modern challenges, increasing the number and capacity of occupational safety inspectors, and adopting sensor-based real-time monitoring technologies. Stronger administrative sanctions, as seen in ISO 45001 standards, are necessary to enhance compliance. Training and awareness programs should also target SMEs with low compliance levels, ensuring improved workplace safety across industries.

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