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JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia
Published by Universitas Islam Indonesia
ISSN : 20854145     EISSN : 25272950     DOI : 10.208885/JKKI.Vol10.Iss3.art5
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
JKKI: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia is a peer-reviewed journal in the field of medical and health sciences. This journal is designed as a place of dissemination of information and scientific knowledge, which publishes three times a year. It publishes original article, article review, and case report. These comprise of biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, public health sciences, and medical science education.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran Keluarga
Articles 468 Documents
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Health financing analysis in the implementation of minimum service standards in Lumajang Regency Risdiyanti, Arie; Paramu, Hadi; Sunarto
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 1, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss1.art4

Abstract

Background: Health financing in Lumajang is still far from the target. Therefore, a study focused on the implementation of minimum service standards (MSS) in the health sector is needed. Despite the government emphasis on MSS health, disparities in service access and health conditions persist.Objective: To provide insights into the effectiveness of health financing, serving as a foundation for policy recommendations to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of health fund allocation in Lumajang Regency.Methods: The study employed a quantitative approach, utilising district health accounts (DHA) and cost and benefit analysis (CBA). The budget allocation for different MSS health services was also investigated. The analysis involved examining the spending proportion relative to total health expenditure. The study design used a qualitative descriptive method. The data source was obtained from the budget realisation report for the MSS health sub-activities at the Community Health Center (CHC) and the Lumajang Health Office. Data analysis was performed by an integration of DHA and CBA approaches. We performed mapping costs and benefits analysis and calculated the sensitivity of financing to whether it is economically profitable and provides leverage for achieving MSS performance indicator targets. Results: The realisation of local original revenue in the health sector tended to fall below targets. Central transfer funds dominated the funding sources in CHC. The highest health budget allocation of MSS was received by maternal health services, while other services only received a proportion relative to a decrease in total health expenditure.Conclusion: In Lumajang Regency, analysis of the costs and benefits of regional health financing to fulfil MSS health showed that the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) value was > 1, meaning that health financing for MSS in the District Health Sector was profitable, so it should be used as a regional priority program in overcoming regional health problems.
Exploring the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid-probiotic combination on Lactobacillus and liver enzyme levels for cholestasis management: An experimental study Nur, Muhammad Hasbi; Lestari, Endang Sri; Budiono, Bernadus Parish; Prasetyo, Sigit Adi; Muniroh, Muflihatul
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 1, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss1.art10

Abstract

Background: Cholestasis arises from compromised bile secretion due to hepatocyte dysfunction, leading to liver impairment. Available treatments show limited efficacy, with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) being a primary option. Cholestatic conditions influence gut microbiota; therefore, probiotic therapy emerges as a potential approach. Objective: This investigation aimed to evaluate the impact of combined administration of probiotics and UDCA on Lactobacillus levels, as well as the levels of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in rats with restricted common bile ducts .Methods: A total of 35 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 7 groups, each comprising 5 members: K1 (healthy control), K2 (negative control with cholestasis), K3 (positive control with cholestasis given UDCA), K4 (cholestasis given 36 mg probiotics), K5 (cholestasis given 18 mg probiotics and UDCA), K6 (cholestasis given 36 mg probiotics and UDCA), and K7 (cholestasis given 54 mg probiotics and UDCA). The treatment duration was 21 days, during which blood samples were collected for AST and ALT analysis. Lactobacillus count was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of fecal samples.Results: When UDCA and probiotics were given together in three different dosages, the Lactobacillus count significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to the other groups. Furthermore, compared to the other treatment groups, the UDCA-probiotic combination group exhibited noticeably lower AST and ALT values.Conclusion: Combining UDCA and probiotics elevated Lactobacillus count and decreased AST and ALT levels in cases of cholestasis more effectively than single therapy.
Potential of endophytic bacteria as producers of antibiotics: A literature review Scania, Alifah Evi; Ibrahim, Fera
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 2, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss2.art13

Abstract

Microbial infection is a significant contributing aspect to the development of diseases, posing ongoing challenges in - healthcare. Numerous synthetic antibiotic agents have been used as therapeutic interventions; however, many microorganisms exhibit resistance to these synthetic agents. The rate at which microbes developed resistance to antibiotics has outpaced the discoveries and study of new treatments. The potential of endophytic bacteria to produce bioactive compounds or metabolites that can serve as the basis for developing new antibiotic drugs is promising is promising. This review aims to explore the metabolite potential of endophytic bacteria as a source of antibiotics. Understanding the mechanism and potential of endophytic bacteria offers opportunities for the advancing therapeutic interventions to mitigate the negative effects of various strains of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria.
Generalized fixed drug eruption suggesting potential association with dimenhydrinate: A rare case report Suryaningsih, Betty Ekawati; Noegroho, Trijanto Agoeng
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 2, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss2.art14

Abstract

Generalized fixed drug eruption (GFDE) is a specific variant of fixed drug eruption (FDE) characterized by multifocal lesions that recur upon exposure to a particular medication. This report describes a rare case of GFDE in a 54-year-old male, who presented with chief complaints of widespread erythema and pruritic, burning sensation. Physical examination revealed the patient to be in generally good condition dermatological status showed erosion on the hard palate, patches, erythematous macules, and partially ruptured bullae forming erosion in inguinal and genitals area, buttocks, thighs, lower legs, feet, axillae, hands, forearms, and back. The lesions were described as purplish round/oval erythematous patches, ranging from 1-4 cm in diameter, partially confluent, forming larger areas up to 6x7 cm, with bullae partially ruptured into erosion. The patient was admitted to the hospital, and treated with Ringer's lactate infusion, and an intravenous injection of 125 mg methylprednisolone. On the second day, the dose of intravenous methylprednisolone was reduced to 62.5 mg in the morning and the patient was administered a 10 mg cetirizine tablet orally in the evening, triamcinolone acetonide for oral lesions, a 15-minute NaCl 0.9% compress on the genitals twice a day, and desoximetasone 0.25% cream for all lesions. By the third day, the patient’s condition had improved, and he was then discharged. The prescribed home therapy regimen included a 16 mg methylprednisolone tablet in the morning, a 4 mg tablet in the afternoon, a 10 mg cetirizine tablet once daily, a 500 mg ciprofloxacin tablet twice daily, compress, and topical applications of triamcinolone acetonide for oral lesions and desoximetasone 0.25 % cream for all other lesions. A follow-up visit three days post-discharge indicated significant dermatological improvement. The diagnosis was established through anamnesis, physical examination, and appearance of skin disorder. Dimenhydrinate was identified as the potential causative agent.
Differences in livor mortis in Wistar rats due to organophosphate induction and normal mortality: A randomized experimental study Nugroho, Novianto Adi; Sena, Muhammad Shokhiful Wafa Arya Wida; Suwandono, Adji
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 2, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss2.art5

Abstract

Background: Pesticide intoxication, a significant global health issue, particularly in developing nations, is often caused by the most toxic pesticides, organophosphates. These substances activate the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, producing a characteristic livor mortis. It is a secondary sign of death that can be used to estimate the time and cause of death. Objective: This study aims to determine the difference in livor mortis due to organophosphate poisoning and ordinary death (decerebration) using Wistar rats.Methods: From March to April 2023, we conducted an experimental study with a posttest-only control group at the Laboratory of Animal Experiments, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University. We used 32 male Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g, divided into control and test groups. The test group received organophosphate diazinon 1.16 ml through a nasogastric tube, while the control group was decerebrated. The data was processed with univariate analysis and an independent t-test.Results: There was a significant difference in the appearance and the persistence time of livor mortis between the control and test groups (p < 0.05). The color of livor mortis in the control group was purplish blue, while in the test group, it was reddish to blackish blue. Most of our samples displayed a distribution of livor mortis in the abdominal and dorsal regions, with a some displaying an abdominal distribution only.Conclusion: Our study reveals significant differences in the appearance and persistence time, as well as the color and distribution of livor mortis between decerebrated and organophosphate-induced dead rats.
Oral health and nutritional status of children in developing countries: A scoping review Putriyani, Yuni; Shaluhiyah, Zahroh; Winarni, Sri
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 3, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss3.art12

Abstract

Oral diseases, especially caries and malnutrition, are two major problems the world faces in developing countries. World Health Organization (WHO) report 2019 states that caries is the first non-communicable disease (NCD) suffered by children worldwide. In addition, malnutrition rates are still very high and most of them are in low-income countries. Many studies have suggested a relationship between oral health and children's nutritional status. However, the relationship between the two has not been consistent. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to learn more about the relationship in developing countries. We obtained a total of 1,707 articles published in the last 10 years from two databases, Scopus and Science Direct. Ten relevant articles, written in English and published from 2015 to 2024, were reviewed and satisfied the inclusion criteria: a study about the relationship between oral health problems and nutritional status of 6 years old children and below who live in developing countries,. The 10reviewed articles were taken from eight developing countries in which nine articles used a cross-sectional design and only one article used a longitudinal cohort design. The results of the review shows that caries status studies related to nutritional status are five studies. Meanwhile, the remaining 5 articles shows no substantial relationship. In this scope, we used BMI (Body Mass Index) as an indicator for nutritional status. Further research is still needed, particularly in a longitudinal cohort design to get a clearer understanding of the causal relationship between both.
Effects of different preparation protocols of blood serum eyedrops on corneal healing after alkali burn: Clinical evaluation and α-SMA expression Susiyanti, Made; Widyawati, Syska; Susanto, Eka; Louisa, Melva; Kania, Theresia
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 1, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss1.art9

Abstract

Background: In cases of alkali burn, blood serum eyedrops may supply protein and growth factors. A standard preparation protocol is necessary for consistency in epitheliotropic capacity. Objective: We aim to evaluate how post-alkali-burn administration of blood serum eyedrops from different preparation protocols results in different outcomes on rabbits. Methods: This randomized experimental study used three treatments: placebo, non-diluted serum, and 25% concentration serum. We analyzed the corneal haziness, neovascularization degree, histopathological examination of neovascularization scores, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression. Results: Twelve rabbits (24 eyes) were split evenly into three treatment groups. On day 14, the group receiving the 25% concentration serum had the least corneal haziness (p = 0.005). No adverse effect was observed on the treated eyes. Histopathologically, no significant difference in neovascularization scores and α-SMA expression was observed. Conclusions: Treatment using the 25% concentration serum resulted in less corneal haziness, smaller defect size, and greater healing rate. There was also no significant difference in histopathological outcomes among the three treatment groups.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus as an independent risk factor of pulmonary tuberculosis: A hospital based cross-sectional study Yanti, Budi; Firdausa, Sarah; Irsyah, Abid Dhiyauddin Alfani; Andayani, Novita; Salwani, Desi
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 2, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss2.art9

Abstract

Background: The growing frequency of infectious and non-communicable illnesses on a global scale is primarily associated with the changing patterns observed in epidemiology. Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly leads to the development of tuberculosis (TB) and less effective treatment outcomes if not identified early. Objective: This study aims to investigate type 2 DM as a risk factor for TB infection.Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional research study comprised DM patients who reported cough complaints at the TB treatment center and the internal medicine department of Zainoel Abidin Hospital. Random blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured in all respondents. The Chi-Square test assesses the association between DM and Pulmonary TB.Results: There are 48 DM patients with new pulmonary TB, an averageage of 53 years (SD 9.1). Most of them have symptoms of cough for more than 2 weeks (85.4%), loss of body weight (77.1%), chest pain (58.3%), and loss of appetite (72.9%). The high HbA1c levels were associated with TB, as detected by Xpert MTB/RIF assay and typical radiographic signs (p<0.05). DM patients with increased HbA1c were found to have a two times chance of showing results from a chest x-ray typical of TB and probability of TB infection (PR: 2.850, 95% CI (1.152-7.053); 2.745, 95% CI (0.969-7.780)) respectively.Conclusion: DM patients had two times the risk of lung damage based on chest X-rays and having TB. DM may seriously compromise the efficacy of TB control programs and impede a nation's progress toward TB elimination.
Parental decision-making in taking care of child health in Indonesia: Findings from a national survey Prasetyo, Yoyok Bekti; Fahad, Mochammad; Dewi, Yulis Setiya; Huriah, Titih; Latif, Rusnani AB
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 2, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss2.art7

Abstract

Background: The decision-making process to search for child health services involves interaction among the mother, partner, and other family members. Parental decision-making is highly complex since it involves an emotional consideration between the benefit and the child's future. The common problem in deciding the service is the lack of capabilities, such as facility, knowledge, and skill.Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of socio-demographic factors on parents' decision-making in obtaining health services for their children Methods: This study design was cross-sectional data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) of 2017, which was applied in this study. The respondents involved were 8,838 women aged 15-49 who had given birth in the last five years. This study employed descriptive, chi-square, and regression statistics analysis. The results were provided as adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95 percent confidence intervals. The statistical analysis utilized SPSS version 21.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).Results: Bivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between decision-making and age, living place, educational background, and wealth index (p-values 0.030, <0.001, 0.002, and 0.006), but not with health insurance ownership (p=0.242). After multivariate analysis, only age-related decisions were associated with a significant risk. It explained that younger group (15-29) has a 0.325 times chance of making a joint decision than the 40 to 49-year-old group (AOR: 0.325; 95%CI: 0.144-0.733). Conclusion: Parental decision-making regarding childcare is related to several factors, namely age, living place, educational background, and socioeconomic status. Health education is a strategy to promote child health in Indonesia by facilitating proper decision-making.
A neglected ocular tuberculosis without antitubercular therapy: A case report Oktaliani, Rahayu; Idrus, Elfa Ali
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 15, No 2, (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol15.Iss2.art15

Abstract

Ocular tuberculosis (TB) is one of the causes of uveitis, but there is often a skepticism and lack of acceptance regarding this diagnosis. We present a case of a-62-year-old female patient who complained of blurred vision, pain, and redness in her right eye. These symptoms had persisted for the past 16 months. The latest visual acuity in the right eye was 0.0167, and in the left eye was 0.63. Upon examination, keratic precipitates were found in the right eye, along with flare and cells +1/+1, pupil seclusion, a cloudy lens, and opacity in the posterior segment. The left eye was within normal limits. The patient was diagnosed with panuveitis of the right eye due to ocular TB and a complicated cataract. She had been referred by the local general hospital with complaints of blurred vision and was initially diagnosed with anterior uveitis due to ocular TB based on clinical presentation and positive Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) test results. The patient was then referred back to the Internal Medicine Department of the local general hospital and the community health centre to start the anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT). However, the patient refused treatment and, as a result, did not receive anti-tuberculosis drugs. Panuveitis TB, without adequate treatment, can lead to a poor prognosis.

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