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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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Mapping the vulnerability of stunting in toddlers based on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) indicators in South Sumatra Province by 2023: descriptive spatial analysis Novitasari, Prihatini Dini; Utami, Putri; Prameswari, Ayu; Ambarwati, Dyah
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 07 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i07.21467

Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to map stunting vulnerability in children under five years of age by district/city based on stunting prevalence and WASH indicators. Methods: The research method employed was descriptive spatial analysis using a Geographic Information System (GIS) application with a scoring method, incorporating natural breaks in QGIS software. Results: As a result, Empat Lawang and South Ogan Komering Ulu districts are high-priority districts for an immediate response to stunting. Additionally, four districts/cities were classified as high-priority areas, three as medium-priority areas, five as low-priority areas, and three as very low-priority areas. Conclusion: Therefore, the government and communities are expected to increase efforts to prevent and handle stunting in children under five by prioritizing districts/cities with a very high level of vulnerability through expanding the availability of clean drinking water source and proper sanitation, and promoting clean and healthy living through optimal use of clean water and hand washing with soap.
Disparities in basic immunization coverage: a case study of supply and demand factors in two community health centers in Bogor, Indonesia Hermadi; Nadjib, Mardiati
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 07 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i07.22563

Abstract

Purpose: To identify and analyze the factors influencing complete basic immunization (CBI) coverage at two community health centers (CHCs) with contrasting coverage levels. Methods: This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Informants were purposively selected and included health workers, community health volunteers, and parents. We collected data through in-depth interviews and document review, then analyzed it using a qualitative thematic approach. Results: Supply-side factors included the number and competence of health workers, availability of facilities and infrastructure, and funding support. Demand-side factors comprised community knowledge and awareness, sociodemographic characteristics, and trust in vaccines. Ciapus faced shortages of health personnel and community resistance to immunization, while Bojong Nangka demonstrated active collaboration between health workers and the community. Conclusion: The disparity in CBI coverage between Bojong Nangka and Ciapus CHC is caused by an imbalance between supply and demand factors. In Ciapus, low coverage was driven by limited human resources, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient funding (supply-side), as well as poor public knowledge, awareness, and trust in vaccines, and the minimal involvement of local leaders (demand-side). In contrast, Bojong Nangka succeeded by strengthening its supply and demand components. Comprehensive interventions are necessary to enhance immunization services, increase public awareness and participation, and thereby achieve equitable CBI coverage.
Safety and health in informal sector: a case study occupational fatigue of porters at Legi Market, Surakarta Hidayati, Ria Nuril; Surono, Agus; Jaladara, Vena
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 37 No 02 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v37i02.1689

Abstract

Purpose: Understanding the application of OSH Management System in the informal sector, especially the occupational fatigue management system for the porters working in Legi traditional market, Surakarta. Methods: The type of research was qualitative based research to describe the implementation of OHS Management System in the informal sector, especially the occupational fatigue management system for porters working in Legi traditional market, Surakarta. Results: OHS Management System’s promotive and preventive efforts, in this case, have not yet reached and involved the porters and have not focused on minimizing the risk of occupational fatigue. The weight of the load carried by porters exceeds the recommended weight threshold and their work posture had a risk of injury and occupational diseases. The occupational fatigue commonly experienced by the porters was such as muscle pain in the knees, lower back pain, and some even getting whole body pain. The problems in implementing OHS Management System at Legi traditional market were due to there was no lifting and transportation equipment available, Station of Occupational Health Effort (Pos UKK) administrators not been trained of implementing OHS in the workplace, and the lack of enthusiasm from the market management and the porters themselves in OHS. Conclusions: The implementation of the OHS Management System did not include efforts for minimizing occupational fatigue for the porters. The Pos UKK needs to involve the porter organization (SPTI) in the implementation of promotive and minimize efforts to manage occupational fatigue. It is necessary to form an OSH policy and committee with support and cooperation from all related parties such as the Trade Department (“Dinas Perdagangan”) which has the workplace area and the Health Department (“Dinas Kesehatan”) which supervise for OHS efforts in term of implementation of OHS Management System in the informal sector is highly expected.
Maternal determinants of stunting: findings from a cross-sectional study in Padang, Indonesia Yulika, Marzatia; Syah, Nur Afrainin; Yusrawati, Yusrawati
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 03 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i03.11556

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the influence of maternal factors on stunting in young children aged 24-59 months. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in a subdistrict of Padang. The dependent variable was stunting, and the independent variables were maternal factors. The sample number was 155, and it was collected using stratified and consecutive sampling techniques. Chi-square and logistic regression were applied in data analysis. Results: The study reveals no significant difference between stunted and non-stunted under-five children in terms of the following maternal factors: age at pregnancy, body mass index (BMI), gestational age, upper arm circumference, height, and education. However, both groups showed a significant difference in terms of the number of children (p = 0.041), parenting style (p = 0.006), and knowledge (p = 0.039). Logistic regression analysis showed that mothers who had poor parenting styles had a 3.186 times higher risk of having children with stunting compared to mothers who had good parenting styles (95% CI: 1.382-7.348). Conclusion: The mother's parenting style was the most influential factor in the incidence of stunting among children in Padang City. More effective preventive and intervention measures to overcome the problem of stunting need to pay attention to maternal parenting style, knowledge, and the number of children.
Work accidents among the traditional fishermen community in Bunaken Coast of Sulawesi Pissu, Reza; Doda, Diana Vanda D.; Langi, Fima Lanra Fredrik Gerald
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 01 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i01.11677

Abstract

Purpose: Work accidents are commonly experienced by workers, including fishermen. This research examines the complex factors associated with work accidents in Bunaken's fishing community. Methods: The study encompasses 63 fishermen residing in the Bunaken District, employing a total sampling method to ensure comprehensive coverage. The research provides valuable insights into the dynamics of occupational hazards faced by Bunaken's fishermen by delving into the relationship between these variables. Carefully crafted questionnaires, the investigation focuses on several key aspects, including work stress and accidents. Results: All respondents were male, middle-aged, and had worked for more than five years, with a working day lasting over 9 hours. More than half of the respondents experienced work accidents (65%) and experienced moderate-high stress (73%). The multivariate analysis confirmed that age and education were statistically significant predictors of work accidents. Conclusion: The findings are expected to contribute to the development of targeted interventions and occupational safety measures, fostering a safer and healthier working environment for the fishing community.
Exploration of longitudinal data based on integrated elderly health care for developing predictive health status in Semarang, Indonesia Rosha, Putri Tiara; Oksidriyani, Safrina; Siyam, Nur; Meisyaroh, Indriani; Amalia, Laila; Fakhira, Azradina; Indah Setyowati, Florensia; Prastika, Yuniar Dwi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 08 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i08.12504

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explore and describe vital sign measurements in the 20 periods. Methods: This study used data from a database of integrated elderly healthcare at PHC Kedungmundu, focusing on 20 periods from January 2022 to August 2023, and employed a cross-sectional study design. In total, 715 participants were included in the 20 periods. Demographic and vital sign measurement data were merged with those of the respondents. The essential sign measurements were analyzed by age group (45-59, 60-74, and >75) for males and females, and by period using a box plot. Data was analyzed descriptively (proportion, mean, median) using Stata 13. Results: A total of 2,930 participants were included in the 20 periods. Most participants were female (88%) and were between 60 and 74 years old (52%). Healthcare professionals regularly record blood pressure every month, but not all participants provided data on BMI, waist circumference, blood sugar levels, uric acid levels, and cholesterol levels. SBP and DBP were higher in females, especially 60-74 years old (SBP= 141 mmHg, DBP=83 mmHg). BMI (26.04 kg/m2) and waist circumference (87.94 cm) were higher in females than males. Blood sugar (169 mg/dL), uric acid (7.3 mg/dL), and cholesterol (230 mg/dL) data are also higher in females than in males, especially among those aged 45-49 years old. Conclusion: Investigated the health status of the elderly over 20 months, gender and age-related differences in health metrics, and chronic disease risk factors. Tailored health interventions and regular monitoring are crucial for effectively managing and mitigating the risk factors that affect long-term health outcomes and quality of life.
Assessing the undergraduate medical students’ acceptance and barriers of community-based education in population and Puskesmas levels: A preliminary study Pradnya, Matilda Stella; Sebong, Perigrinus H
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 40 No 12 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v40i12.13169

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to identify aspects of acceptance and barriers to implementing community-based education (CBE) at the population and Puskesmas levels. Methods: A preliminary study was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine, Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang, in April 2024. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire, which surveyed 95 medical students participating in the CBE program at both the population and Puskesmas settings. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. Results: The distribution of respondents' experiential learning perceptions from the category "good" was a majority in the cycle of concrete experience aspect (100% at the population level and 89,58% at the Puskesmas level) and reflective observation (100% at the population level and 87,5% at the Puskesmas level). However, the percentage of 'disagree' and 'strongly disagree' ratings was found to be more frequent in Puskesmas when it came to accepting CBE benefits for students. Conclusion: Students benefit from the overall implementation of CBE at the population and Puskesmas levels. Further action research is needed to accommodate student learning styles in community-based education programs.
Community empowerment for diabetes mellitus awareness through the SAM MARIADI program in Malang City Firdaus, Moh. Nur Cahyo; Ni'mah, Azizah Khoirotun; Sari, Putri Parmitha Dwi Kamala; Arum P, Nurul Iffah; Siswoyo, Berlyan Surya Pratama Putra; Ardiansyah, Fino; Aprilia, Risa; Prastiyo, M. Dodik; Meliza, Nur
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 02 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i02.13706

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the SAM MARIADI (Sadar Diabetes Mellitus Mari Berdaya) program on improving knowledge and attitudes among the elderly in Bakalan Krajan Village, Malang City. Method: This quasi-experimental study involved 20 elderly participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The intervention consisted of educational and practical activities designed to promote awareness of and self-management for diabetes. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted to measure changes in knowledge and attitudes. Results: There was a significant improvement in participants' knowledge and attitudes after participating in the SAM MARIADI program (p = 0.000). Before the intervention, only 20% of participants had good knowledge, which increased to 65% after the intervention. Those with poor knowledge decreased from 65% to 10%. Similarly, good attitudes have risen from 20% to 55%, and poor attitudes decreased from 60% to 10%. These results indicate that the program successfully enhanced awareness and behavioral readiness for diabetes self-management among the elderly. Conclusion: The SAM MARIADI program effectively improved knowledge and attitudes about diabetes management among the elderly, supporting its potential as a community-based health empowerment initiative aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Parental history and body mass index as predictors of osteoporosis among urban elderly women in Depok, Indonesia Kusumawardani, Kunthi Ayu; Supartono, Basuki; Hadiwiardjo, Yanti Harjono; Citrawati, Mila
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 02 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i02.14618

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with osteoporosis among urban elderly women in Depok, Indonesia. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional design and involved 110 elderly women living in Cimanggis District, Depok. Participants were selected through consecutive sampling. Data were collected through interviews using the risk factor checklist from the International Osteoporosis Foundation, and bone density measurements were obtained using heel bone ultrasound. The relationship between variables was analyzed using the Chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: The results showed that most elderly suffer from osteoporosis (77.3%). BMI and parental history of hip fracture showed a significant relationship with bone density. History of fractures after 50 years of age, height loss greater than 4 cm, comorbidities, long-term medication use (over three months), smoking, and alcohol consumption showed no significant relationship with bone density. The most influential risk factor was a parental history of hip fracture. Conclusion: The majority of elderly women have osteoporosis (77.3%). Low body mass index and a family history of hip fractures are significantly associated with lower bone density. These results highlight the need for preventive strategies and lifestyle interventions to reduce osteoporosis risk among the elderly.
Maternal employment status and early initiation of breastfeeding in Indonesian urban areas Lestari, Weny; Izza, Nailul; Kristiana, Lusi; Maryani, Herti; Andarwati, Pramita; Paramita, Astridya; Laksono, Agung Dwi
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine Vol 41 No 03 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i03.16016

Abstract

Purpose: The first human milk produced contains highly nutritious colostrum and antibodies that could protect newborns against disease. The study analysed the role of maternal employment status in achieving early initiation of breastfeeding in urban Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed secondary data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. The study analyzed 36,163 women with children under 24 months old. The study used early initiation of breastfeeding as the outcome variable and maternal employment status as the exposure variable. Furthermore, the research employed ten control variables: maternal current marital status, age, education, parity, wealth, antenatal care, place of delivery, mode of delivery, type of birth, and child sex. The authors employed a binary logistic regression in the final test. Results: The study showed that unemployed mothers were 1.587 times more likely to experience early initiation of breastfeeding than employed mothers in urban Indonesia (AOR 1.587; 95% CI 1.509-1.669). The result indicated that maternal unemployment was a protective factor for the early initiation of breastfeeding in urban Indonesia. Moreover, the results also found that eight control variables were significantly correlated with the early initiation of breastfeeding: current maternal marital status, maternal age, maternal education level, parity, wealth status, antenatal care, place of delivery, and mode of delivery. Conclusion: The study found that maternal employment status correlates with the early initiation of breastfeeding in urban Indonesia. Maternal unemployment status was more likely to experience early initiation of breastfeeding than employed mothers.

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