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Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences.
Published by Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26563088     DOI : https://doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences (JPS) with e-ISSN: 2656-3088 is a scholarly peer-reviewed open access journal related to Pharmaceutics, Pharmacology, biotechnology, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Pharmacy practice, Pharmacogenomics, Medicinal Chemistry, Molecular Pharmacology, Novel drug delivery system, Nanotechnology, Analytical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Natural Chemistry, Polymer Sciences, Clinical Pharmacy, pharmaceutical management, pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoepidemiology, clinical pharmacy, community pharmacy, social pharmacy, pharmaceutical marketing, government policies related to pharmacy, pharmaceutical care, Medical Biotechnology, Biochemistry, food chemistry, health and applied sciences relevant to the field of pharmacy. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences (JPS) accepts manuscripts in Indonesian Language (Bahasa Indonesia) with titles and abstracts in bilingual, both Indonesian and English. We accept article manuscripts in the form of original research, literature reviews, and systematic reviews. We do not accept articles in the form of case reports
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 654 Documents
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Optimasi Formula dan Upaya Penutup Rasa (Taste Masking) Sediaan Orally Dissolving Film (ODF) Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper Betle L.) Sebagai Penyegar Mulut Nugraheni, Firdha; Setiyadi, Gunawan
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1137

Abstract

Halitosis is caused mainly by bacterial decay and the generation of volatile sulfur compounds. Halitosis has oral causes, such as poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, tongue coat, food impaction, dentures, damaged restorations, oral carcinoma, and throat infections. Green betel leaves are beneficial for oral health. Betel leaves contain flavonoid compounds, polyphenols, tannins and essential oils. Betel leaves contain essential oils of 1 – 4.2%, phenol compounds and kavikol. Kavikol has activity as a bactericide five times stronger than phenol. This extract can potentially be used as an active ingredient component in orally dissolving film (ODF) preparations. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal concentration value of HPMC as a polymer and propylene glycol as a plasticizer based on physical properties such as pH, weight uniformity, film thickness, dissolving time and taste masking test of orally dissolving film (ODF) preparations of green betel leaf extract (Piper betle l.). The method used was Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) with a composition of 2% HPMC and 5% propylene glycol. The response results from the pH and dissolution time experiments with an average standard deviation, respectively, ranged from 6.67±0.020-6.73±0.026; 122.21±0.33 -122.85±0.29 mg; 0.2±0.005 mm - 0.21±0.01 mm, and 20.5±0.06 - 30.1±0.05 seconds. In taste masking, it has a fairly good ability to cover the bitter taste of green betel leaf extract.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Kombucha Daun Alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) Berdasarkan Lama Fermentasi dengan Metode ABTS Andry, Muhammad; Karo-Karo, Sry Ulina; Lubis, Indah Pertiwi; Lubis, Ervina Syahfitri; Lubis, Meiva Amalia; Nasution, Halimnah Raina
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1171

Abstract

Kombucha tea is a widely consumed herbal beverage. Avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) are known to contain various bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, quercetin, and polyphenols, which play an important role in providing health benefits, particularly as antioxidants. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of avocado leaf kombucha using the Azinobis Ethylbenzothiazoline Sulfonic Acid (ABTS) method. Methods: This research employed an experimental design with quantitative antioxidant activity testing using the ABTS method. The IC₅₀ values were determined through linear regression analysis based on the relationship between sample concentration and percentage inhibition of the ABTS radical. Results: The IC₅₀ value of non-fermented avocado leaf kombucha was 106.40 ppm, which falls within the moderate antioxidant category (IC₅₀: 100–150 ppm). Fermentation for 9 days produced an IC₅₀ of 67.99 ppm (strong), 12 days resulted in 49.91 ppm (very strong), and 14 days resulted in 40.18 ppm (very strong). Vitamin C, used as a positive control, showed an IC₅₀ of 9.160 ppm (very strong). Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of avocado leaf kombucha increased with the duration of fermentation. Non-fermented kombucha exhibited moderate antioxidant activity, while fermentation for 9, 12, and 14 days resulted in strong to very strong antioxidant capacity. Keywords: Kombucha Tea, Avocado Leaves, Antioxidant, ABTS, IC₅₀.
Konsentrasi Inhibitori Minimum dan Konsentrasi Fungisidal Minimum Ekstrak dan Nanopartikel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Terompet Emas (Allamanda cathartica L.) terhadap Malassezia furfur Sabila , Anisa; Rahayu , Yayuk Putri; Nasution , Haris Munandar; Yuniarti , Rafita
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1036

Abstract

Background: Fungal skin infections such as pityriasis versicolor caused by Malassezia furfur remain a common health problem in tropical regions. Limitations of conventional antifungal therapy have encouraged the development of alternative agents derived from natural products. Golden trumpet leaves (Allamanda cathartica L.) contain flavonoids and iridoids with potential antifungal activity, and nanoparticle formulations are being developed to enhance the extracts’ effectiveness. Objective: To evaluate the improvement of antifungal efficacy of the nanoparticle formulation of the ethanolic extract of golden trumpet leaves against Malassezia furfur by comparing the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC), and inhibition zone diameter with the conventional extract. Methods: This experimental study employed a posttest-only control group design. Treatment groups included ethanolic extract (6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%) and nanoparticle extract (0.625%, 1.25%, 2.5%, 5%). Nanoparticles were prepared using a high-pressure homogenizer and characterized with a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). MIC and MFC were determined using the broth dilution method, while antifungal activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA at a 95% confidence level. Results: Nanoparticle characterization revealed a particle size of 367.51 nm. The MIC values for the extract and nanoparticles were 12.5% and 1.25%, respectively, while the MFC values were 50% and 5%, respectively. The highest inhibition zones for the extract and nanoparticles were 21.1 mm (50%) and 20.3 mm (5%), respectively. Statistical analysis showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in inhibition zone diameters across concentrations for both extract forms. Conclusion: The nanoparticle formulation of the ethanolic extract of golden trumpet leaves significantly enhances antifungal activity against Malassezia furfur, demonstrating equivalent inhibitory effects at concentrations ten times lower than the conventional extract. These findings indicate the potential of nanoparticle-based formulations as promising antifungal candidates.
Interaksi Obat dalam Terapi Insulin pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 1: Studi Retrospektif Tungga , Intan Kumara; Juwita , Dian Ayu; Yosmar, Rahmi
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1071

Abstract

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune disorder resulting in the destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. Insulin remains the cornerstone of therapy; however, its use may be complicated by drug interactions that alter treatment effectiveness through pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic mechanisms. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and mechanisms of potential insulin drug interactions in patients with T1DM. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using a total sampling method. The study was conducted at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital Padang. The study population consisted of all hospitalized patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) during the period 2019–2022. Patient characteristics, patterns of insulin therapy, and the occurrence of drug interactions were analyzed. The majority of patients were female (70%), and most were in the 0–18-year age group (83%). Insulin therapy was prescribed in 86.6% of cases. Potential drug–drug interactions were identified in 33.3% of hospitalized patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, predominantly pharmacodynamic in nature. The basal–bolus insulin regimen constituted the most frequently prescribed therapeutic option among the patients. The Spearman correlation analysis indicated a statistically insignificant association between the metric of polypharmacy and the incidence of drug interactions. Systematic monitoring remains essential, and larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Analisis Interaksi Obat-Obat Kardiovaskular pada Pasien Jantung Koroner dengan Riwayat Hipertensi Febriyenti, Amanda; Yosmar, Rahmi; Permatasari, Dita
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1074

Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) accompanied by hypertension often necessitates the use of multiple cardiovascular agents. The concurrent use of multiple drugs increases the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs), which may alter drug metabolism, reduce therapeutic efficacy, or cause adverse effects. This study aimed to characterize the potential, mechanisms, and severity of drug interactions; to assess differences in the average number of drugs used per day in relation to the potential for drug interactions; and to assess the clinical profile based on DDI severity levels. A retrospective, analytic, observational method was applied, utilizing secondary data from hospital medical records. Statistical analysis included the Mann–Whitney test to compare the mean number of drugs per day between the interaction potential groups. A total of 52 patients met the inclusion criteria through purposive sampling. The results showed that most CHD patients with a history of hypertension were male (75%) and aged 18–64 years (73.1%). A total of 405 potential DDIs were identified. From these, 80 unique drug-pair interactions were selected for detailed analysis of their mechanisms and severity. Most were pharmacodynamic (77.5%), with aspirin–nitroglycerin the most frequent (7.6%). Among the 80 interactions analyzed in detail, those with moderate severity predominated (58.8%), followed by minor (35%) and major (6.2%). Polypharmacy (defined as the use of three or more medications) was observed in all patients who experienced DDIs. There was a significant difference in the average number of medications per day between patients with potential drug interactions and those without, p = 0.023 (p < 0.05).
Analisis Masalah Terkait Obat pada Resep Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit “X” Provinsi Aceh : Studi Cross-sectional Retrospektif Zahniar, Zahniar; Khairunnisa, Khairunnisa; Wiryanto , Wiryanto
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1087

Abstract

Background: The complexity of treatment regimens and the simultaneous use of multiple medications increase the risk of drug-related problems (DRPs), which can affect the effectiveness, safety, and security of patient treatment. Objective: This study aims to explore and identify Drug-Related Problems in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at Hospital “X”, Aceh Province, Pidie District, Aceh. Methods: This study is a quantitative descriptive study with a retrospective cross-sectional design of prescriptions for T2DM patients during the period of January-December 2024 at Hospital “X”, Aceh Province. Results: Analysis of 395 T2DM patient prescriptions that met the inclusion criteria identified a total of 1,275 Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) incidents. Potential MTO in category P.2 (drug safety) were the most common, accounting for 1,080 cases. The majority of these cases were attributed to inappropriate drug selection, followed by 132 incidents related to drug preparation. The high incidence of MTO was primarily due to adverse drug reactions and drug interactions, which were closely associated with inappropriate drug choices or improper drug combinations. The importance of a pharmaceutical service approach in improving patient safety and therapeutic effectiveness in the management of DMT2, especially in the prevention and management of drug-related problems (MTO). Conclusion: The most dominant DRP category identified was drug safety (P.2), primarily caused by inappropriate drug selection. Drug interactions resulting from suboptimal therapeutic combinations were the main contributing factor to MTO, with the majority classified as moderate in severity. These findings highlight the need for more active and systematic clinical pharmacy interventions in reviewing medication regimens, along with interprofessional collaboration to enhance therapeutic effectiveness, ensure patient safety, and reduce the incidence of MTO in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).  
Bakteri Endofit Pinang Sebagai Penghasil Antioksidan dan Inhibitor α-Glukosidase Balkis, Tiara; Fachrial , Edy; Wienaldi, Wienaldi
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1090

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with a high global prevalence and serious complications. The prediabetes stage is a critical target for prevention, often managed with α-glucosidase inhibitors. However, synthetic drugs such as acarbose are frequently associated with gastrointestinal side effects, highlighting the need for safer alternatives. Endophytic microbes from medicinal plants, including areca nut (Areca catechu), have the potential to produce bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Objective: This study aimed to explore endophytic bacteria from fresh areca nut seeds as a source of metabolites with antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Methods: Fresh areca nut seeds were sterilized using the surface sterilization method, followed by endophytic bacterial isolation and Gram staining. Cultures were fermented in Nutrient Broth, and supernatants were obtained by centrifugation. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH method, while α-glucosidase inhibition was tested in vitro with p-nitrophenyl α-D-glucopyranoside as substrate. Acarbose served as the positive control. Results: Seven Gram-negative, rod-shaped endophytic isolates (BP1-BP7) were obtained. Isolate BP1 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with 45.7% inhibition. Furthermore, the BP1 supernatant demonstrated potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity up to 93,6%, comparable to that of acarbose (91%). Conclusion: Endophytic bacteria from areca nut seeds possess dual bioactivity as antioxidants and α-glucosidase inhibitors, suggesting their potential as sustainable alternative antidiabetic agents worthy of further investigation.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Orang Tua Dengan Tumbuh Kembang Bayi 6-24 Bulan di PMB Pera Tahun 2025 Tarigan, Era Vazira; Namirah, Aliya; Wau , Indah Febrianti; Hutapea, Dahlia Carnauba; Tumorang , Herlina Br; Nababan, Tiarnida
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1116

Abstract

Background: Growth and development are often considered similar as both involve changes in infants. Growth refers to quantitative changes related to physical maturation, such as increases in body size and weight, which are irreversible. In contrast, development refers to qualitative changes involving the maturation of body functions and structures, and this process continues throughout life. Several factors, including parental knowledge and attitudes, significantly influence and are correlated with infant growth and development. Mothers with low levels of knowledge and negative attitudes are at higher risk of experiencing deviations in their infants’ growth and development. Objective: This study aims to identify the correlation between parental knowledge and attitudes toward infant growth and development among mothers at PMB Pera. Methods: This research used a quantitative approach with an observational design and a cross-sectional study method. Data were gathered by distributing questionnaires and interviews involving 30 respondents. The acquired dataset was processed utilizing univariate and bivariate techniques and tested with the Chi-Square test to examine the correlation between variables. Results: Considering the Chi-Square analysis, there was a significant relationship between parental knowledge and infant growth and development, with a p-value of 0.000. Likewise, parental attitudes toward infant growth and development showed a significant relationship, with a p-value of 0.044. These outcomes indicate that the independent variables in this study have a significant correlation with the growth and development of infants aged 6–24 months at PMB Pera.
Evaluasi Adverse Drug Reaction pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Anak di Puskesmas Kabupaten Tegal Bariyah, Fathatul; Karuniawati , Hidayah
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1157

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria, namely Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and needanti-TB drugs (ATD) treatment. The success of ATD therapy is influenced by various factors, including ADRs and their management, which play a role in treatment and retention in care. The frequency and severity of ADRs caused by ATD are always a concern, especially in children. The study aims to determine the prevalence of ADRs, determine the management and outcome of ADR treatment in pediatric TB patients at the Tegal Regency Community Health Center. This study used a cross-sectional design in  pediatric TB patients aged 0-18 years. This study showed The most frequent ADRs were gastrointestinal disturbances (16.7%), joint pain (8.3%), peripheral neuropathy (6.7%), and flu-like syndrome (6.7%). The ADR event category is likely to have a percentage of 91% of the overall number of events, followed by the possibility with a percentage of 9% of events. Management strategies, including vitamin B complex supplementation, antacids, multivitamins, probiotics, antipyretics, and topical agents, effectively reduced or eliminated ADRs. The most common ADRs werw gastrointestinal disorders, joint pain and flu syndrome. Management of ADRs related to anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD) has been successful in reducing or eliminating ADRs. Special attention from healthcare workers should be given to patients at spesific risk groups for ADR management to improve therapy success.
Analisis Kadar Nikotin dan Identifikasi Senyawa Bioaktif pada Ekstrak Daun Tembakau Asal Gayo (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Menggunakan GC–MS dan Titrasi Purba , Intan Sabila Putri; Supiyani, Supiyani; Nasution, Haris munandar; Lubis , Minda Sari
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1161

Abstract

Gayo-origin tobacco leaves (Nicotiana tabacum L.) are a locally cultivated tobacco variety widely grown in Central Aceh, Indonesia. Tobacco leaves are known to contain nicotine, a bioactive compound with various pharmacological and economic potentials. This study aimed to identify the nicotine content and phytochemical profile of Gayo tobacco leaf extract. The research procedures included sample collection, macroscopic and microscopic examinations, simplicia preparation, characterization of the simplicia and extract, phytochemical screening, quantitative nicotine determination using acidimetry titration, and qualitative analysis using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Macroscopic examination showed that the leaves were oval to round in shape, broad-surfaced, green in color, with a characteristic odor and a bitter taste. Microscopic observation revealed the presence of vascular bundles, covering trichomes, and glandular hairs in the leaf fragments. The titrimetric test showed nicotine levels of 0.95 ± 0.3% in the simplicia powder and 1.87 ± 0.45% in the ethanol extract. GC–MS analysis identified several major compounds, including nicotine (20.99%) and Labda-8(20),13-dien-15-oic acid (29.85%) as dominant components, along with minor compounds such as Quinolin, 8-amino-6-hydroxy-Quinazoline (2.39%). These findings indicate that the Gayo tobacco leaf extract contains a relatively high level of nicotine and is dominated by alkaloid and diterpenoid acid derivatives, suggesting its potential for further phytochemical and pharmacological exploration.

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