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INDONESIA
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects)
Published by Centre For Research and Development Indonesia
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27752976     DOI : 10.53695/injects
Core Subject : Religion, Economy, Humanities, Health, Science, Education, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Public Health Social Sciences
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects), published by the Centre for Research and Development Indonesia (CERED Indonesia), North Sumatra, Indonesia, which includes articles on the scientific research field of Economics, Technology and Social sciences, consists of the results of scientific research original, International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) accepts manuscripts in the field of research comprises scientific areas relevant to: Economics and the Relevant Sectors of Economic Science Technology Social Sciences Fields
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 247 Documents
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The Effectiveness of Law Enforcement Against Traffic Violations in Efforts to Mitigate Traffic Accidents (A Research Study at the Labuhanbatu Police Resort) Welli Nirpa Pasaribu; Siregar, Mhd. Azhali; Suci Ramadhani
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1345

Abstract

According to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transport, traffic police are not only responsible for law enforcement but also for road and traffic safety, including the collection, monitoring, processing, and presentation of traffic data. Therefore, a reliable and efficient source of traffic accident data is crucial for traffic police. The problem formulation includes the factors that cause traffic accidents, prevention efforts and handling of traffic violations in the jurisdiction of the Labuhanbatu Police Resort, and the effectiveness of law enforcement against traffic violations to reduce the number of traffic accidents in the jurisdiction of the Labuhanbatu Police Resort. This research method is descriptive analytical, a type of empirical legal research, data collection methods using field studies and library studies, data analysis techniques with qualitative descriptive, and the data sources from primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials, as well as analysis techniques. The factors causing traffic accidents include legal factors, road factors, driver factors, pedestrian factors, and vehicle factors. Efforts to prevent and address traffic violations in the jurisdiction of the Labuhan Batu Resort Police include pre-emptive, preventive, and repressive measures. The effectiveness of law enforcement against traffic violators in the jurisdiction of the Labuhan Batu Resort Police has not been effective because the police face many internal and external obstacles. Law enforcement is the process of making efforts to establish or ensure the functioning of legal norms as a guideline for behavior in traffic or legal relationships in social and state life.
Legal Review Of The Judge's Decision On Perpetrators Of Narcotic Crimes Of The Meth Type Below The Minimum Limit Of Criminal Sentence (Study Of Supreme Court Decision Number 3061k/Pid.Sus/2024) Sinaga, Rahmah Hayati; Rahmayanti
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1347

Abstract

The imposition of sentences below the minimum sentence limit in narcotics cases is a serious problem in criminal law enforcement in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the causes of disparities in judges' decisions in narcotics cases, examine the provisions for imposing sentences below the minimum sentence limit, and explore the basis for judges' considerations in Supreme Court Decision Number 3061K/Pid.Sus/2024. This study uses a normative juridical approach with decision analysis as a case study. The results show that judges' freedom to interpret the law can result in decisions that deviate from the minimum sentence stipulated by law, which ultimately can create legal uncertainty and reduce the deterrent effect in narcotics law enforcement.
Law Enforcement Against Perpetrators of Domestic Violence in the Tual Regional Police Jurisdiction: A Research Study at the Tual Regional Police Sihombing, Yossri Mantaw; Sumarno; Muhammad Arif Sahlepi
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1348

Abstract

Law enforcement against perpetrators of physical violence in the household is an important part of protecting victims, especially women. This study aims to analyze the factors causing physical violence in the household, the efforts to overcome it carried out by the Tual Police, and the forms of law enforcement against perpetrators. This study uses a descriptive analytical method with a normative and sociological juridical approach. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, documentation, and literature studies. The results of the study indicate that the factors causing Domestic Violence in the jurisdiction of the Tual Police include alcohol abuse, economic problems, infidelity, and low legal education. The Tual Police have made efforts to overcome this through preventive and repressive measures, but the implementation of law enforcement still faces obstacles such as withdrawal of reports by victims, lack of facilities, and limited human resources. This study recommends increasing the capacity of law enforcement officers and public education as an effort to strengthen the protection system for victims of Domestic Violence.
Law Enforcement Against Perpetrators of Assault Crimes in the Jurisdiction of Tapanuli Utara Police towards Victims Who Have Died Habeahan, Delianto; Ismaidar; Muhammad Arif Sahlepi
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1349

Abstract

Law enforcement is the process of applying the law carried out by authorized parties in society to ensure that the law is implemented and obeyed by every citizen. This process involves security apparatus and courts that are responsible for examining and processing actions that violate the law as well as imposing sanctions on those proven guilty. Law enforcement against offenders of assault that causes the victim's death is regulated in Article 351 paragraph 3 of the Criminal Code, which addresses the crime of assault resulting in death. It states that if the act is assault that results in death, the guilty will be punished with a maximum prison sentence of 7 (seven) years. This research uses normative legal research by examining literature sources to obtain materials in the form of theories, concepts, principles, and legal regulations related to law enforcement against perpetrators of assault in the jurisdiction of the North Tapanuli Police towards victims who have died.
The Implementation of Restorative Justice at the Investigation Stage by the Criminal Investigation Unit of Teluk Mengkudu Police Station on Ordinary Assault Crimes (Research Study at Teluk Mengkudu Police Sector) Sihombing, Mula; Laia, Hepi Krisman; Rahmayanti
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1351

Abstract

According to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 22 of 2009 concerning Traffic and Road Transport, The Regulation of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia (Perpol) Number 8 of 2021 governs the Handling of Criminal Acts Based on Restorative Justice. This regulation aims to resolve criminal cases by prioritizing the restoration of relationships between perpetrators and victims, as well as involving relevant parties to reach a fair agreement, rather than merely focusing on retaliation or punishment. Based on this, this research focuses on the formulation of problems that include: (1) how the regulation of restorative justice principles in handling assault cases at the Teluk Mengkudu Police Station; (2) how the implementation process of restorative justice principles during the investigation stage of assault cases at the Teluk Mengkudu Police Station; and (3) what obstacles and solutions exist in the implementation of restorative justice during the investigation of assault crimes in that area. Based on research findings, the implementation of a restorative justice approach in handling acts of violence at the Teluk Mengkudu Police Station can be applied to minor assault cases, particularly when there is a peace agreement between the victim and the perpetrator. The reconciliation process is facilitated through mediation by law enforcement officials and local community leaders. However, in practice, investigators face several obstacles, including: demands from the reporting party that exceed the perpetrator's capacity; the perpetrator being a recidivist of previous offenses; the victim refusing to reconcile; and a lack of cooperative attitudes from both parties. Furthermore, prior conflicts between the perpetrator and the victim also hinder the resolution of cases through restorative justice approaches.
Critical Review of the Proposed Model for Productive Zakat Distribution Hartato Rianto
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1353

Abstract

This study explores a model of productive zakat distribution in Indonesia, with particular emphasis on oversight and effectiveness. The model highlights a collaborative framework between Zakat Management Organizations (OPZ) and Islamic banks, in which zakat funds are utilized as collateral to help non-bankable mustahiq access business capital. The approach aims to empower mustahiq toward economic self-reliance, with the long-term vision of transforming them into future muzakki (zakat payers). However, the study identifies several critical shortcomings, including the absence of clearly defined selection criteria for mustahiq, inadequate supervision across the various stages of zakat distribution, and inefficiencies in fund allocation—particularly the use of zakat to cover insurance premiums. In response, the research offers targeted recommendations: strengthening monitoring mechanisms, enhancing the entrepreneurial capacity of mustahiq, and optimizing the allocation of productive zakat funds to maximize economic impact. This study aspires to serve as a valuable reference for OPZ and other stakeholders in the development of zakat distribution models that are more efficient, transparent, and genuinely focused on sustainable economic empowerment for mustahiq
The Historical Development of Criminal Law: A Comparative Study of Ancient Criminal Law to Contemporary Criminal Law Siregar, Mhd. Azhali
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1354

Abstract

This research aims to trace and analyze the development of criminal law from ancient times to the contemporary era. Criminal law is an integral part of the legal system that has evolved along with the dynamics of human civilization. In ancient criminal law, as reflected in the Code of Hammurabi, Greek Law, and Roman Law, the approach used emphasized the principles of retribution and social order. The penal system at that time was repressive, rigid, and tended to ignore individual rights, with criminal sanctions being more symbolic and cruel in order to have a deterrent effect. Over time, thinking about criminal law has shifted. The introduction of values of justice, human rights, and modern legal philosophy has influenced the direction of change in criminal law. Contemporary criminal law no longer aims solely at punishment, but also considers aspects of rehabilitation, social reintegration, and victim protection. This development reflects changing societal views on crime, perpetrators, and the function of criminal law itself. In various countries, including Indonesia, criminal law reforms are being implemented to adapt to current challenges, such as globalization, information technology, and transnational crime. This research uses historical methods and a comparative-juridical approach to explore fundamental changes in the structure, function, and purpose of criminal law over time. The results of this study demonstrate that the development of criminal law is not stagnant, but rather continues to transform in response to social, political, and cultural dynamics. By understanding the historical roots and changes that have occurred, it is hoped that a more adaptive, humanistic, and contextual criminal law system can be created, tailored to the needs of modern society.
The Impact of Financial Technology (Fintech) on Financial Inclusion in Developing Countries: A Critical Literature Analysis Faqrurrowzi, Lendra; Pulungan, Delyana Rahmawany; Wahyudi Maherza
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1298

Abstract

Abstract This study examines how fintech is opening up access to financial services for marginalized communities in developing countries. Through a systematic literature review, we analyze how innovations such as digital wallets, peer-to-peer lending, and digital banking are changing the landscape of financial inclusion. Findings suggest that fintech plays a significant role in addressing geographic and cost barriers, but its effectiveness depends on digital infrastructure, supportive regulations, and the digital literacy level of the population. Despite its promise, the digital divide and data security remain major challenges. The results of this study offer valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners in designing strategies that maximize fintech's potential to expand financial access while minimizing its risks.  
PROTECTION OF CIVILIAN INFRASTRUCTURE IN CONTEMPORARY ARMED CONFLICTS: A HUMANITARIAN LAW STUDY ON ATTACKS AGAINST WATER AND ENERGY FACILITIES IN GAZA AND UKRAINE Frahma, Elen Anedya
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Contemporary armed conflicts exhibit increasingly complex patterns of attacks on vital civilian objects, including water and energy infrastructure. This study critically examines the legal protection of non-military civilian facilities such as hydroelectric power plants, reservoirs, and clean water systems from the perspective of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). Using a literature review method based on Human Rights Watch reports and international journal articles published since 2022, the research explores two primary case studies: the 2023 attack on the Dnipro Hydroelectric Power Plant in Ukraine and the destruction of clean water systems in Gaza during 2023–2024. The analysis reveals that both attacks potentially violate fundamental IHL principles, such as distinction and proportionality. Furthermore, the study identifies a normative gap in the explicit protection of vital civilian facilities that directly impact civilian survival. These findings underscore the urgent need for stronger enforcement and normative reform within international legal frameworks to ensure the protection of civilian infrastructure in times of conflict.
The Impact of Work Climate and Burnout on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable : Evidence from North Medan Samsat Firmansyah; Batubara, Soulthan Saladin; Rindi Andika
International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Mei 2025
Publisher : CERED Indonesia Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53695/injects.v6i1.1373

Abstract

The focus of this study is to analyze job satisfaction in mediating the relationship between work climate and burnout on employee performance. A quantitative approach was chosen for this research, with data collected through the distribution of questionnaires to 74 employees at Samsat Medan Utara. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM). The results show that at Samsat Medan Utara, the work environment has a direct effect on job satisfaction. The work environment directly influences employee performance. Burnout has no direct effect on job satisfaction. Job satisfaction has a direct effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction also indirectly mediates the influence of work climate on employee performance. However, job satisfaction does not significantly mediate the effect of burnout on employee performance.

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