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Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa
Published by Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak
ISSN : 25979523     EISSN : 25979531     DOI : https://doi.org/10.30602/jlk
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
The aim of this journal publication is to disseminate the conceptual thoughts or ideas and research results that have been achieved in the area of Medical Laboratory. Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa particularly focuses on the main problems in the development of the Medical Laboratory health areas as follows: Toxicology Immunoserology Bacteriology Clinical Chemistry Parasitologi Micology And other related disciplines.
Arjuna Subject : Imunologi dan Mikrobiologi (semua kategori) - Imunologi dan Mikrobiologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 171 Documents
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Identifikasi Bakteri Escherichia Coli Pada Ulkus Diabetikum Studi di Klink Kanazawa Pontianak Menggunakan PCR gen 16S rRNA Nurhidayatulloh, Ariffialdi; Ramadhani, Natasya Intan; Abidin, Khoirul Rista; Suwandi, Edy; Salsabila, Aisha; Widodo, Kaltri; Andriani, Lulu; Hamidah, Najwa; Wulandari, Tri
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i1.1976

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus can lead to complications such as ulcers that are highly susceptible to bacterial infection. Escherichia coli is one of the pathogenic bacteria commonly found in diabetic foot ulcers. Accurate detection of E. coli species is essential to support appropriate infection management, and one of the reliable methods is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting the 16S rRNA gene. This study employed a descriptive design with an accidental sampling technique. Samples were obtained from swab specimens of diabetic foot ulcer patients. The procedures included culture on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar, Gram staining, bacterial DNA isolation, PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, electrophoresis for visualization of PCR products, and sequencing for species confirmation. Based on the results of the study involving 30 diabetic foot ulcer patients at Kanazawa Clinic Pontianak, culture analysis showed that 4 isolates were positive for Escherichia coli. Gram staining further confirmed the presence of E. coli by demonstrating its characteristic morphology. The PCR results visualized through electrophoresis showed that 4 samples (13.3%) were positive for Escherichia coli based on the 16S rRNA gene, indicated by the presence of DNA bands at approximately 1500 bp. Sequencing analysis further confirmed the isolates as Escherichia coli with 99% similarity. 
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Pala terhadap Kadar Eritrosit (RBC) dan Granulosit pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) dengan Anemia Hasanah, Uswatun; Pangesti, Ira; Puspodewi, Dini
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i1.2106

Abstract

Anemia is a condition characterized by a decreased number of erythrocytes and an increased number of leukocytes. According to the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey, the prevalence of anemia across all age groups is 16.2%, with a higher rate in women (18%) compared to men (14.4%). Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) contains bioactive compounds such as saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and essential fatty acids that may contribute to increasing red blood cell counts and modulating leukocyte levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of nutmeg fruit extract on increasing RBC and reducing granulocyte levels in anemic white rats. A total of 25 male rats (200–350 g) were divided into five treatment groups. Anemia was induced using NaNO₂ at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg BW orally. Nutmeg extract was administered at doses of 200 mg/kg BW, 300 mg/kg BW, and 400 mg/kg BW. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the positive control and treatment groups, nor between pre- and post-extract administration. At doses of 200 and 300 mg/kg BW, RBC percentage reached 20.7%. For granulocytes, the 300 mg/kg BW dose produced a higher percentage (27.6%) compared to the 200 and 400 mg/kg BW doses. These findings suggest that nutmeg fruit extract has the potential to support erythrocyte balance in anemia conditions, although further research with larger samples and controlled dosing is needed.%.
Stability of Urine Glucose in Active-Smoking Adolescents with Delayed Examination Times Widiyanti, Ni Made Risa; Dwi Putri, Ni Luh Nova Dilisca; Ayu, Ni Ketut; Mirayanti, Mirayanti
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i1.1973

Abstract

Urine glucose is one of the important parameters in early screening for glucose metabolism disorders. The presence of glucose in urine occurs when blood glucose levels exceed the renal threshold, causing it to be excreted in the urine. Adolescents with long-term smoking habits may develop insulin resistance, which increases the risk of glucosuria. This study aimed to describe the results of urine glucose examinations among active-smoking adolescents with delayed testing at 2, 4, and 6 hours at a storage temperature of 2–8°C in Private College X. This research employed a descriptive observational design. The samples consisted of 30 active-smoking adolescents whose urine specimens were examined using the dipstick method. The results showed that all urine samples were negative for glucose, even after a delay of up to 6 hours. No indicator color changes were observed on the test strips during the storage period. These findings may be related to stable glucose metabolism and an intact renal reabsorption threshold in adolescents.
Deteksi Gen blaZ pada Staphylococcus aureus Isolat Urine Pasien ISK Menggunakan Metode Real-Time PCR Verdiani, Intan; Pestariati, Pestariati; Puspitasari, Ayu
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i1.2084

Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections and is often caused by various types of bacteria. In recent years, the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in UTI cases has increased, along with rising resistance to antibiotics, particularly the β-lactam group such as penicillin. This study aimed to detect the blaZ gene, which plays a role in penicillin resistance in S. aureus isolated from the urine of UTI patients. The study was conducted from November 2024 to May 2025 using a descriptive quantitative design. A total of 100 urine samples from UTI patients were obtained from RSPAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. Bacterial identification was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory of RSPAL Dr. Ramelan using the Vitek 2 Compact system. Phenotypic resistance testing against penicillin G was performed at the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Genotypic detection of the blaZ gene was conducted using the Real-Time PCR method at the Molecular Biology Laboratory. The results showed that out of five Staphylococcus aureus isolates phenotypically resistant to penicillin G, only three isolates (60%) were positive for the blaZ gene. These findings indicate that penicillin resistance in S. aureus is not solely mediated by the blaZ gene and highlight the importance of molecular surveillance of β-lactam resistance genes in clinical isolates.
Sensitivity of Torch Ginger and Basil Extracts Against Candida sp. from Vaginal Discharge Samples Arelliza, Fatma Sheilla; Nugroho, Yusuf Eko; Faizal, Imam Agus
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i1.2100

Abstract

Pathological vaginal discharge is a common infection among women, often caused by the fungal species Candida albicans. The increasing resistance to synthetic antifungal agents such as ketoconazole has prompted the need for alternative herbal therapies. This study aimed to identify the presence of Candida albicans in vaginal swab samples from female D4 TLM UNAIC students an to assess the antifungal activity of combined extracts of kecombrang flower (Etlingera elatior) and basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum) prepared using the infusion method. An experimental design was used with the well diffusion method to measure inhibition zones at extract concentration of 50%, 70%, and 90%. The results showed that 31% of the 48 samples tested positive for Candida albicans. Macroscopically, the colonies appeared white to cream, convex, and had a characteristic yeast odor, while microscopic examination revealed blastospores. The positive control group using ketoconazole exhibited strong antifungal activity with an inhibition zone diameter of 23 mm. In contrast, the combined infusion extracts at all tested concentration (50%, 70%, and 90%) showed no inhibition zones (0 mm), indicating an absence of antifungal activity. The conclusions of this research are the infusion extraction method was ineffective in isolating active antifungal compounds from the tested plants under the conditions of this study. 
Deteksi Gen nuc (nuclease) Bakteri Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Pada Sampel Ulkus Diabetikum Metode PCR Lestari, Ari Fajar; Suliati, Suliati; Anggraini, Anita Dwi
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 1 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i1.2133

Abstract

Diabetic ulcers represent a common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and are frequently associated with infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Staphylococcus aureus possesses multiple virulence factors, including the nuc (nuclease) gene, which encodes a thermonuclease enzyme capable of degrading DNA and destroying phagocytes within the host. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a strain of S. aureus exhibiting resistance to methicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics. This study used conventional PCR Methode to detect the presence of the nuc (nuclease) gene in MRSA isolates obtained from patients with diabetic ulcers. A descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 30 diabetic ulcer samples collected from Rumah Rawat Luka Surabaya between April and May 2025. Phenotypic identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed, followed by molecular detection of the nuc (nuclease) gene using the conventional PCR method, generating an amplicon of 279 bp. The findings revealed that 19 of the 30 diabetic ulcer swab samples were phenotypically identified as Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated that 6 (31.6%) of these isolates were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Among the 6 MRSA isolates, 3 (50%) tested positive for the nuc (nuclease) gene. This study emphasizes the application of molecular-based diagnostic methods such as PCR for the rapid detection of MRSA in diabetic ulcers, thereby supporting the selection of appropriate antibiotic therapy and improving the success of clinical management.
Electronic Catalog-Based Procurement of Clinical Laboratory Goods and Services: An Evaluation Study at Tabanan Regional General Hospital I Wayan Eddy Arimbawa; Putu Ayu Parwati; Anak Agung Ayu Eka Cahyani
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 2 (2026): MEI 2026
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i2.2268

Abstract

Procurement of clinical laboratory goods and services is a critical component in ensuring the continuity, quality, and efficiency of healthcare services. In Indonesia, electronic catalogs (e-catalogs) have been implemented as part of the government’s digital procurement system to enhance transparency, accountability, and efficiency in public procurement. However, several studies have reported operational challenges that may affect procurement effectiveness, including limited product availability, system constraints, and procurement delays. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of electronic catalog-based procurement for clinical laboratory goods and services at Tabanan Regional General Hospital. A quantitative observational study was conducted using procurement reports from January 2024 to June 2025. All procurement transactions conducted through the electronic catalog system were included using a total sampling approach. Data were analyzed descriptively to determine the percentage of successful procurement implementation and identify factors influencing procurement performance. The results showed that the average implementation rate of electronic catalog-based procurement reached 84.1%. Several factors contributed to procurement constraints, including frozen or unavailable products in the electronic catalog, minimum order quantity requirements, and automatic package cancellation due to negotiation time limits. Despite these challenges, the electronic catalog system provided significant advantages by offering standardized information on product specifications, pricing, domestic content requirements, supplier profiles, environmental certification, and other procurement-related data. The study concludes that electronic catalog-based procurement is generally effective in supporting clinical laboratory procurement activities; however, system optimization and improved supplier participation are required to maximize procurement performance and service continuity.
Analysis of Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) Conversion at the 2nd and 5th Months in Tuberculosis Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus Chylen Setiyo Rini; Sukma Nilawati
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 2 (2026): MEI 2026
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i2.2128

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem and is often associated with comorbidities such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM). DM can impair immune response and may delay sputum smear conversion during TB treatment. This study aimed to analyze the difference in Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear conversion at the 2nd and 5th months between TB patients with DM and those without DM. This study used a descriptive comparative design with secondary data from TB patients recorded in 2023–2024 at the Sepulu Community Health Center Laboratory, Bangkalan, Madura. A total of 117 patients met the inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test with SPSS version 25. The results showed a significant difference in AFB smear conversion between TB-DM and TB non-DM patients. At the 2nd month, a significant difference was found (p < 0.001). Similarly, at the 5th month, a significant difference was observed (p = 0.009). TB patients with DM tended to experience slower sputum smear conversion compared with patients without DM. These findings indicate that Diabetes Mellitus may influence the effectiveness of TB treatment, particularly in the sputum conversion phase.
Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Sun Protection Activities of Methanolic Extract of Bougainvillea glabra Flowers Farhana Halimah Rusyda; Chintya Ferda Intansari
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 2 (2026): MEI 2026
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i2.2312

Abstract

Bougainvillea glabra is a popular ornamental plant in Indonesia that contains various phytochemicals that may exhibit antibacterial, antioxidant, and photoprotective activities. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity, antioxidant capacity, and SPF value of methanolic extracts of B. glabra flowers. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method, while antioxidant activity and SPF value were determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The extract showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus, strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 62.13 µg/mL), and an SPF value of 12.74. Methanolic extract of B. glabra flowers has potential as a natural antibacterial, antioxidant, and sunscreen agent.
Association Between Gestational Trimester and Hemoglobin Levels among Pregnant Women at Dau Public Health Center, Malang Regency Reftika Anggraeni; Yeni Avidhatul Husnah
Jurnal Laboratorium Khatulistiwa Vol 9, No 2 (2026): MEI 2026
Publisher : poltekkes kemenkes pontianak

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30602/jlk.v9i2.2170

Abstract

Physiological changes during pregnancy, particularly in the second and third trimesters, may affect maternal hemoglobin levels, which play a crucial role in oxygen transport to the fetus. Hemoglobin imbalance during pregnancy may increase the risk of maternal anemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to analyze hemoglobin levels among second and third trimester pregnant women at Dau Public Health Center, Malang Regency, and to identify factors associated with hemoglobin status. This study employed a descriptive quantitative design using a total sampling technique involving 25 pregnant women, consisting of 13 second trimester and 12 third trimester respondents. Hemoglobin levels were measured using a hematology analyzer, while supporting data were collected using questionnaires related to iron tablet consumption, dietary patterns, antenatal care (ANC) visits, sleep duration, and anemia history. The results showed that the mean hemoglobin level in the second trimester was 11.75 g/dL, while in the third trimester it increased to 12.94 g/dL. Most respondents had normal hemoglobin levels (96%), while only one respondent (4%) demonstrated elevated hemoglobin levels in the third trimester. Routine iron supplementation, regular ANC visits, and adequate nutritional intake were identified as factors associated with normal hemoglobin levels. These findings indicate that most pregnant women at Dau Public Health Center maintained normal hemoglobin status during pregnancy. Regular monitoring of hemoglobin levels and nutritional education remain important to prevent maternal anemia and pregnancy complications.

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