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Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon
ISSN : 25482114     EISSN : 25412027     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37874/ms
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
The Medical Sains journal is a scientific publication media published by the Muhammadiyah Cirebon College of Pharmacy which is published 4 (four) times in 1 (one) year, namely January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. The journal contains research in the field of pharmacy covering the fields of formulation, pharmacology, communication pharmacy, A natural chemical chemistry, pharmacognomy and other health sciences which is a means for lecturers and researchers in the health sector to share knowledge and establish cooperation in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. Purpose and Scope The objective of the publication of the Medical Science journal is to publish articles in the field of pharmacy and other health as well as application of pharmaceutical . Based on this, the editorial board of Medical Sains invites lecturers and researchers to contribute to submit research articles related to the following themes: 1. Pharmaceutical formulation technology 2. Pharmacology 3. Community pharmacy 4. Clinical Pharmacy 5. Natural material chemistry 6. Pharmacognosy 7. Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry . All papers submitted to medical science journals will be examined by peer review partners who are tailored to their respective fields.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 523 Documents
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COMPARISON OF ANALYSIS METHODS FOR CURCUMIN DETERMINATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW Jajang Japar Sodik; Deden Indra Dinata; R. Herni Kusriani; Garnadi Jafar
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i4.850

Abstract

Curcuminoids such as curcumin, demethoxycurcumin (DMC), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) are the major bioactive components found in Curcuma species, including turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). Curcumin is a polyphenol that is used as an antioxidant. Various analytical methods have been developed for the detection of curcumin, each with its advantages and limitations. Selection of an appropriate analytical method is crucial for obtaining accurate results. Although critical reviews on the chemical, biological, and pharmacological properties of curcumin are widely available, reviews specifically focusing on the different analytical methods for curcumin are limited. This review article aims to provide an overview of several analytical methods for the determination of curcumin. This is expected to encourage readers to choose a suitable analytical method for their specific needs. The articles used in this review were sourced from international English-language publications obtained from Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The search was performed using keywords such as "Instrumental analysis of curcumin" and "Analytical techniques for curcumin analysis." The results reveal that spectrophotometric methods are simple techniques used to estimate curcumin content; however, their utility is limited to cases where the concentration of each curcuminoid is not a critical quality parameter. Accurate quantification and detection of trace amounts of curcuminoids and metabolites require the use of chromatographic separation methods combined with mass spectrometry detection (LC-MS/MS) because of their high accuracy, reproducibility, and sensitivity with low limits of detection (LOD) and lower limits of quantification (LLOQ). Keywords: Analytical methods, Curcumin, Determination
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE LEVEL AND RATIONAL HEADACHE PAIN SELF-MEDICATION BEHAVIOUR ON FIKES STUDENTS AT LAMONGAN MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY Siti Rahmatul Azizah; Irma Susanti; Devi Ristian Octavia
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.851

Abstract

The prevalence of self-medication in Indonesia is 84.23%, a figure that has been increasing over the past three years. The increase in self-medication in Indonesia, the availability of drugs that can be taken alone without a doctor's prescription, the perception of mild illness, and the relatively low price of drugs. The potential risks of self-medication are incorrect diagnosis of disease, delay in seeking necessary treatment, disease becoming more severe, wrong method administration, and wrong dose. Knowledge of rational use of drug self-medication still lacks students at 55.5%. It is important to know that student self-medication, in which students can overcome minor complaints of their own illness, does not have an impact on health and academic achievement. The incidence of headaches in students is 11-40% and mild headache levels interfere with academic performance. This study measures level knowledge behavior  to determine the relationship between level knowledge and rational headache self-medication behavior  by students at Muhammadiyah Lamongan University. The research design was cross-sectional descriptive analytics. Data were collected using online questionnaires. The sample included 166 Fike students using a purposive sampling technique. The results indicated level of knowledge: students classified sufficient (59.0%) and rational head pain self-medication behavior  classified as good (57.8%). The results of the Spearman Rho test analysis showed a p-value of <0.001 and correlation coefficient of 0.256. This study concluded that there is a relationship between level of knowledge and rational headache self-medication behavior  with low correlation strength.
INFLUENCE OF Momordica charantia (L.) ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF GLICLAZIDE IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS Tubagus Akmal; Lucy Sasongko
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.854

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder present in the top ten diseases that cause death. Diabetes treatment usually uses conventional drugs, such as gliclazide, which is the first choice in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are intolerant to metformin. In addition to conventional medicine, herbal medicines are in great demand and have become a focus of research to obtain an alternative treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. One herb that has been widely used and studied is the bitter melon. This study aimed to determine the effects of bitter melon extract (BME) on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of gliclazide when used simultaneously. The study was conducted on three groups of rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. Group 1 received a single dose of gliclazide (33 mg/kg BW, n = 3), group 2 received aqueous extracts of bitter melon fruit (341 mg/kg BW, n = 4), and group 3 received a combination of gliclazide and an aqueous extract of bitter melon (n = 4). The pharmacokinetic profile of gliclazide is affected by BME, where interactions occur during the absorption phase. The blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer. Decreased blood glucose levels following administration of gliclazide, extract of bitter melon, and a combination of gliclazide and extract of bitter melon 6 hours after dosing were 74.73%, 82.977%, and 86.457%, respectively. This study demonstrated the interactions between gliclazide and BME in the absorption phase of gliclazide and its effect on blood glucose levels.
REVIEW: PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIBACTERIAL AND WOUND HEALING EFFECTS OF BASIL LEAVES IN SEVERAL TYPES OF PHARMACEUTICAL BASES Rodhia Ulfa; Wildan Khairi Muhtadi; Nesa Agistia; Haiyul Fadhli
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.855

Abstract

Topical preparations are dosage forms applied to the skin for local therapy. These topical preparations contain several types of bases that are used for drug formulations. This review aimed to determine the type of base that is effective and widely used in basil leaf preparations that function as antioxidants, antibacterial agents, and in wound healing. The research method is comparative, namely, reviewing research articles on formulations of basil leaf products with various concentrations of base types, hydrogels, emulgels, lotions, hydrocarbons, water solubility, absorption, water washing, M/A-type creams, and pastes. The recommended formulation is a gel base type that has physical characteristics, non-irritating properties, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, and wound healing. This review contained articles published in the last 10 years.  Keywords: basil leaves, base type, physical characteristics, basil leaves, pharmacological activity
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DRUG SUBSTANCES IN RHEUMATIC JAMU SAMPLES USING THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY Resma Dwi Putri Fitrianasari; Perdana Priya Haresmita; Herma Fanani Agusta
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.862

Abstract

Since ancient times, jamu have been used to treat various diseases. Recently, the number of jamu has increasing and this has led several manufacturers to commit fraud. They added drug substances (DS) into jamu for gaining the effect of jamu so that can raise the sales of jamu in market . The addition of DS into herbal medicine is a violation of the regulation issued by The Ministry of Health. Such practices can cause side effects that are very dangerous for health. The purpose of this research is to analyze the presence of DS in jamu samples that are frequently consumed and circulated in Kranggan, Temanggung and Magelang city. Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) was employed to detect the presence of prednisone, paracetamol, and mefenamic acid. The working principle of the separation of compounds with TLC is to separate samples based on the partition difference between samples and the solvent used. In this case, the stationary phase used is the silica gel plate GF254 with the mobile phase for prednisone using ethyl acetate:chloroform (4:1), mefenamic acid using chloroform:methanol (9:1),and paracetamol using chloroform:ethanol (8:1). As a result of qualitative analysis, jamu samples in those areas do not contain any drug substances that were suspected to be present. Keywords: jamu, prednisone, paracetamol, mefenamic acid
IN VITRO ACUTE TOXICITY OF DANDELION LEAF EXTRACT (Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg) WITH BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT) METHOD Dian Mega Sugiyarto; Annisa Farida Muti; Dhigna Luthfiyani Citra Pradana; Eldiza Puji Rahmi
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i4.873

Abstract

Toxicity is a characteristic feature of substances that can cause harmful effects. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of dandelion leaves (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg) to Artemia salina Leach larvae within 24 hours. Dandelion leaves were extracted using a maceration method with 50% ethanol. The yield was 5.88%. The results showed that dandelion leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, and phenols. Toxicity tests were performed using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test method, where the final result was the LC50 value. Artemia salina Leach larvae were divided into five groups. Each group had ten larvae that underwent three replications. The 50%ethanolic extract of dandelion leaf concentrations in the treatment media were 50 ppm (P1), 100 ppm (P2), 150 ppm (P3), 200 ppm (P4), and 0 ppm (seawater) as the control. Probit analysis of Artemia Salina Leach mortality percentage data. The results indicated that the 50%ethanolic extract of dandelion leaves is harmful to larvae, with LC50 values of 165,223 ppm (toxic) or in the equation y = 2,114x + 0,311, with an R² value of 0,9435. Keywords: Artemia salina, BSLT, Dandelion leaf, LC50, Toxicity
OPTIMIZATION OF AFRICAN LEAF EXTRACT CREAM FORMULA (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) AS AN ANTIBACTERIAL Staphylococcus aureus Iklila Zahra; Ana Indrayati; Ilham Kuncahyo
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i4.884

Abstract

The use of natural ingredients as active medicinal substances has been developed again, one of which is African leaf extract (Vernonia amygdalina Del.), which is used as an antimicrobial bacterium against Staphylococcus aureus, which causes skin disease. The aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial activity of African leaf extracts and fractions, as well as to optimize the cream preparation formula using a factorial design with a combination of stearic acid, triethanolamine (TEA), and Adeps lanae with the critical parameters of pH, viscosity, spreadability, Franz diffusion, and KBM value. This study used experimental methods to determine the highest antibacterial activity by disc diffusion from extracts and active fractions of African leaves using solvents of different polarities. The extract or fraction with the highest antibacterial activity was formulated using a combination cream of stearic acid, triethanolamine, and adeps lanae. After obtaining the cream formula, physical testing of the cream, penetration test, and antibacterial test using macrodilution were performed, and the most optimal formula was determined using a factorial design. The extract standardization test results met both specific and non-specific parameters. In the disc diffusion antibacterial test, the highest activity was found in the African leaf extract (13.23 ± 0.757 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Variations in cream composition affect pH, viscosity, spreadability, and Franz diffusion...
REVIEW: APPLICATION OF THE ATC/DDD METHOD FOR ANTIBIOTIC EVALUATION IN INDONESIA Yusna Fadliyyah Apriyanti; Saepudin
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.888

Abstract

The global consumption of antibiotics has increased rapidly by 65% in units of daily doses over the last 15 years. Researchers predict that there will be a 200% increase in global antibiotic consumption by 2030, if there is no change in policy implementation. This article aims to provide knowledge regarding the use of the anatomical therapeutic chemical/defined daily doses (ATC/DDD) method to evaluate antibiotics in Indonesia, which is expected to provide additional knowledge for the quantitative evaluation of antibiotics. The literature data sources used were PubMed and Google Scholar online databases, using the Mendeley® tool for manager reference. There were 71 articles that met the criteria and were discussed systematically. Most of the ATC/DDD methods were used to evaluate antibiotics in 90.1% of inpatients and 9.9% of outpatients. In the application of this method, 94.4% of the data collection was carried out retrospectively, with most study designs using a cross-sectional 76%. The selected research period varied from 1 month to 5 years, with 59.1% of the study locations being carried out at the tertiary service level. The ATC/DDD method can also be used in a quasi-experimental design that examines comparisons before and after the intervention. The use of this method as an evaluation of the use of antibiotics in the specified study population resulted in the highest DDD/100 days of ceftriaxone hospitalization in 27 articles. Amoxicillin had the highest DDD/1000 patient-days in of 6/7 articles in the outpatient population...
THE EFFECT OF MACERATION METHOD AND SOXHLETATION METHOD ON TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF KIRINYUH (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob) LEAF Renatha Audya Larasati; Nastiti Utami; Novena Yety Lindawati
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.889

Abstract

This study evaluated kirinyuh leaf extract as a natural antioxidant using Soxhlet extraction and maceration extraction methods. Dried leaves of kirinyuh were extracted with 96% ethanol. The total phenolic content was measured spectrophotometrically according to the Folin Ciocalteu method, calculated as gallic acid equivalent (GAE), while the antioxidant activity was measured using ABTS. The results of the phytochemical test of kirinyuh leaf extract using maceration (EKM) and Soxhletation (EKS) methods revealed alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins. The total phenolic content of EKM was 39.85 ± 0.20 mgGAE/gram and EKS was 46.95 ± 0.15 mgGAE/gram extract. Antioxidant activity in the form of IC50 EKM was 46.10 ± 0.09 mg/L and EKS was 45.27 ± 0.07 mg/L, both of them have a very strong category. There were significant differences in the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of the Kirinyuh leaf using maceration and soxhletation methods based on the results of the T-test. Keywords: Kirinyuh, Eupatorium odoratum, ABTS, phenolics, antioxidant.
COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF ANTICOAGULANT USAGE IN COVID-19 PATIENTS AT 45 KUNINGAN HOSPITAL Juju Jumiati; Yusi Anggriani; Yati Sumiyati; Umar Santosa
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i4.892

Abstract

Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is a pharmacoeconomic method that compares prices from all sources consumed (cost) with the outcome value of a program or intervention to obtain objective answers to the selection of drugs that are effective in terms of benefits and costs. COVID-19, or Coronavirus Disease 2019, is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) and causes acute respiratory distress, including fever, coughing, and shortness of breath. Fondaparinux, aside from heparin and enoxaparin, can be given as an anticoagulant therapeutic option in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, according to the third edition of the COVID-19 care recommendations. This study aimed to find the most cost-effective therapy among heparin, enoxaparin, and fondaparinux in COVID-19 patients at the RSUD’45 Kuningan. It also applied descriptive non-experimental research methods with retrospectively collected data. The intervention that had been studied was the administration of anticoagulant medication, where the effectiveness of the drug was observed in the reduction of D-dimer levels to normal levels. Meanwhile, the costs were observed from the perspective of a healthcare provider, specifically the RSUD’45 Kuningan. The study sample included 107 patients, with 13 receiving heparin, 41 receiving enoxaparin, and 53 receiving fondaparinux. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test revealed no significant difference between the drug groups in the proportion of patients who improved and did not improve (sig. value = 0.610)...

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