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Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : 23030267     EISSN : 24076082     DOI : 10.25026/jsk
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan menerima naskah karya asli (Artikel Penelitian, Artikel Review, dan Studi Kasus), baik eksperimental maupun teoretis, dalam bidang-bidang berikut: Sains dan Kesehatan (Kedokteran, Farmasi, Kesehatan Masyarakat, Keperawatan, Kebidanan, Gizi, dan lain-lain). Tujuan penerbitan Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan adalah untuk menyediakan informasi ilmiah tentang perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi di bidang Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Kesehatan.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 764 Documents
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Hubungan Mutu Pelayanan Kefarmasian dengan Kepuasan Pasien di Apotek Wilayah Kecamatan X Kota Surakarta Tahun 2022: Correlation of Quality of Pharmaceutical Services and Patient Satisfaction in Pharmacy of X District Surakarta in 2022 Zorathea Benita; Tri Wijayanti; Ganet Eko Pramukantoro
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i2.1711

Abstract

Pharmaceutical service quality refers to degree of service perfection that increases patient satisfaction. Pharmacies are required to review several aspects in order to improve quality of pharmaceutical services which include tangibles, empathy, assurance, responsiveness and reliability. The research objective was to determine the correlation between quality of pharmaceutical services and degree of patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services in pharmacy of X District Surakarta in 2022. This study is a descriptive involved 225 patients and 8 pharmacies in a survey. Pharmaceutical service data is concluded based on quality category of pharmaceutical services in pharmacies. Patient satisfaction was analyzed by comparing the weight of reality and expectations based on variables that affect patient satisfaction. Additionally, it was examined using the SPSS 23 Spearsman's Rho test to see if there was a correlation between caliber of pharmaceutical services and degree of patient satisfaction. In pharmacies of X District Surakarta, the quality of pharmaceutical services received an average score of 63,62% (sufficient) and an average percentage of patient satisfaction levels of 79.55% (satisfied) in 2022. The results of the Spearman's rho correlation test of 0.994 indicate that there is a correlation between quality of pharmaceutical services and level of patient satisfaction. Keywords: pharmaceutical services, patient satisfaction, pharmacy X district, Surakarta Abstrak Mutu pelayanan kefarmasian mengacu pada tingkat kesempurnaan suatu pelayanan untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pasien. Pihak apotek wajib meninjau aspek meliputi bukti fisik, empati, jaminan, daya tanggap dan reliabilitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan mutu pelayanan kefarmasian dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap pelayanan kefarmasian di apotek wilayah Kecamatan X Kota Surakarta tahun 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode survei menggunakan kuesioner terhadap 8 apotek dan 225 pasien. Data pelayanan kefarmasian disimpulkan berdasarkan kategori mutu pelayanan kefarmasian di apotek. Kepuasan pasien dianalisis dengan membandingkan bobot realita dan ekspektasi berdasarkan variabel yang mempengaruhi kepuasan pasien. Selanjutnya dianalisis untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya hubungan antara mutu pelayanan kefarmasian dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien menggunakan SPSS 23 uji spearsman’s rho. Mutu pelayanan kefarmasian di apotek wilayah Kecamatan X Kota Surakarta tahun 2022 memperoleh skor rata-rata sebesar 63,62% (cukup) dan rata- rata persentase tingkat kepuasan pasien sebesar 79,55 % (puas). Hasil uji korelasi spearman’s rho sebesar 0,994 hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara mutu pelayanan kefarmasian dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien. Kata Kunci: pelayanan kefarmasian, kepuasan pasien, apotek Kecamatan X Surakarta
Potensi Ekstrak Kasar Enzim dari Tempe Kedelai Hitam (Glycine soja (L.) Merr.) sebagai Obat Fibrinolitik Alami dengan Metode Clot Lysis In Vitro: Potential of Crude Enzymes from Black Soybean Tempeh (Glycine soja (L.) Merr.) as a Natural Fibrinolytic Medicine with Clot Lysis In Vitro Method Nadea Sherly Widya Putri Nadea; Ana Indrayati; Fransiska Leviana
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i2.1712

Abstract

Fibrinolytic enzymes are enzymes that can be used to break down fibrin. In thrombus therapy (cardiovascular disease), this enzyme has an activity similar to plasmin, which is able to reduce fibrin by hydrolyzing fibrin into dissolved products and inhibiting the formation of fibrin clots that can trigger cardiovascular disease. Black soybean tempeh has various benefits, one of which is to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and reduce the risk of blood clots. Due to the content of the enzyme protease in black soybeans which is able to degrade fibrin threads. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential of black soybean tempeh (Glycine soja (L.) Merr) can produce enzyme extracts as natural fibrinolytic drugs. This study was conducted by taking ingredients, crude extraction of enzymes from black soybean tempeh by centrifugation, purification of crude extracts of enzymes using ammonium sulfate salts of 80%, determination of enzyme protein levels with the Lowry method and testing of fibrinolytic potential with the clot lysis method in vitro. The variation in the concentration of the extract used in the test was 12.5; 25; 50 and 100%. The results showed that crude extracts of black soybean tempeh enzymes were able to lyse blood clots. The protein content of the black soybean tempeh extract sample after purification using ammonium sulfate was 245.76 μg/mL. The optimum percentage of blood clot lysis at a concentration of 100% of the sample after purification was 59%. Keywords: Black soybean, fibrinolytics, fibrin, ammonium sulfate, clot lysis Abstrak Enzim fibrinolitik adalah enzim yang dapat digunakan untuk memecah fibrin. Pada terapi trombus (penyakit kardiovaskular), enzim ini memiliki aktivitas yang mirip dengan plasmin yaitu mampu menurunkan fibrin dengan menghidrolisis fibrin menjadi produk terlarut dan menghambat pembentukan bekuan fibrin yang dapat memicu adanya penyakit kardiovaskular. Tempe kedelai hitam memiliki berbagai manfaat salah satunya adalah menurunkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular dan mengurangi risiko penggumpalan darah. Karena kandungan enzim protease pada kedelai hitam yang mampu mendegradasi benang fibrin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi tempe kedelai hitam (Glycine soja (L.) Merr) dapat menghasilkan ekstrak enzim sebagai obat fibrinolitik alami. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pengambilan bahan, ekstraksi kasar enzim dari tempe kedelai hitam dengan sentrifugasi, pemurnian ekstrak kasar enzim menggunakan garam ammonium sulfat 80%, penetapan kadar protein enzim dengan metode Lowry serta pengujian potensi fibrinolitik dengan metode clot lysis secara in vitro. Variasi konsentrasi ekstrak yang digunakan dalam pengujian adalah 12,5 ; 25 ; 50 dan 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak kasar enzim tempe kedelai hitam mampu melisiskan bekuan darah. Kadar protein sampel ekstrak tempe kedelai hitam setelah dilakukan pemurnian menggunakan ammonium sulfat sebesar 245,76 μg/mL. Persentase lisis bekuan darah yang optimum pada konsentrasi 100% dari sampel yang setelah dilakukan pemurnian yaitu sebesar 59%. Kata Kunci: Kedelai hitam, fibrinolitik, fibrin, ammonium sulfat, clot lysis
Hubungan Kuantitatif Struktur-Aktivitas dan Desain Senyawa Novel Phenyl Benzimidazoles sebagai Penghambat Wnt/?-Catenin untuk Terapi Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship and Design of Novel Phenyl Benzimidazoles as Wnt/?-Catenin Inhibitors for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Therapy Dwi Syah Fitra Ramadhan; Rusli Rusli; Taufik Muhammad Fakih
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i5.1713

Abstract

In the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) initiation and progression, the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway showed a very important role. Earlier study showed that novel phenyl benzimidazoles have inhibiton activity in Wnt/?-Catenin pathway. The purpose of the present study was to design novel phenyl benzimidazoles as a Wnt/?Catenin inhibitor on PDAC based on the Quantitative In the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) initiation and progression, the Wnt/?-Catenin signaling pathway showed a very important role. Earlier study showed that novel phenyl benzimidazoles have inhibiton activity in Wnt/?-Catenin pathway. The purpose of the present study was to design novel phenyl benzimidazoles as a Wnt/?Catenin inhibitor on PDAC based on the Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) method. The molecule structures were built optimized by semi empirical AM1 using Gaussian. 12 Descriptors were selected which represented electronical, hydrophobic, and steric parameters using MOE 2014.0901. The compounds suspected as an outlier were then removed from the data set based on XZ-score value, i.e. compounds with XZ-score above 2.5. The data set were then classified into two parts, i.e. training set and test set. Validation was performed using Leave One Out (LOO) method and F test. The new derivatives were designed using topliss scheme, in which parent compound with the lowest IC value was used as a 50 template. The statistical analysis showed that there were two most influential descriptors of Wnt/?-Catenin inhibition activity: mr and LogS. The LOO validation gave Q2 = 0.7363. Six new derivatives, predicted to have lower IC that of parent compound. Keywords: Benzimidazoles, PDAC, QSAR, Wnt/?-Catenin Abstrak Jalur pensinyalan Wnt/?-Catenin sangat penting dalam inisiasi dan perkembangan dari pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Studi sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa fenil benzimidazol baru memiliki aktivitas penghambatan di jalur Wnt/?-Catenin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang fenil benzimidazol baru sebagai penghambat Wnt/?Catenin pada PDAC berdasarkan metode Hubungan Kuantitatif Struktur-Aktivitas (HKSA). Struktur molekul dibangun dan dioptimalkan dengan metode AM1 semi empiris menggunakan Gaussian. Sebanyak 12 Deskriptor dipilih yang mewakili parameter elektronik, hidrofobik, dan sterik menggunakan MOE 2014.0901. Senyawa-senyawa yang diduga outlier kemudian dikeluarkan dari kumpulan data berdasarkan nilai XZ-score, yaitu senyawa-senyawa dengan XZ-score di atas 2,5. Kumpulan data kemudian diklasifikasikan menjadi dua bagian, yaitu training set dan test set. Validasi dilakukan menggunakan metode statistik Leave One Out (LOO). Turunan baru dirancang menggunakan skema topliss, dimana senyawa induk dengan nilai IC terendah digunakan sebagai template. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa ada dua deskriptor paling berpengaruh dari aktivitas penghambatan Wnt/?-Catenin: mr dan LogS. Validasi LOO menunjukkan niali Q2 = 0,7363. Enam turunan baru, diprediksi memiliki IC yang lebih rendah dari senyawa induknya. Kata Kunci: Benzimidazoles, PDAC, HKSA, Wnt/?-Catenin
Oksidasi Serium Berdasarkan Agen Pengoksidasi: Oxidation of Cerium Based on Oxidizing Agents Juliana Puteri; Anni Anggraeni; Ari Hardianto; Husein H. Bahti
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 3 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i3.1722

Abstract

Rare earth elements (REEs) is the name given to 15 elements from the lanthanide group and 2 elements have the same chemical properties that make them included in the REEs, namely scandium and yttrium. The use of rare earths triggers the development of new materials for application, one of which is cerium metal. Currently, cerium is widely applied in industry to improve product quality, one example is as a catalyst to increase the power output of Ni-MH batteries. In the world of health, cerium has been developed for use in electrochemical sensing and electrochemical biosensors, as well as drug delivery systems, antioxidants, and detection of various diseases by utilizing the characteristics of cerium. Separation of cerium from REEs can be done by oxidation of cerium(III) to cerium(IV), so it is very important to take advantage of the valence property of cerium which can be changed so that cerium is separated from other REEs(III). In acidic solutions, the oxidation of Ce(III) to Ce(IV) can occur by chemical oxidation with strong oxidizing agents such as persulfate, permanganate, or perchlorite by electrochemical oxidation or by direct oxidation. This review discusses some commonly used oxidizing agents, such as potassium permanganate (KMnO4), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and caroic acid (H2SO5). Keywords: REEs, Oxidation, Separation, Cerium Abstrak Logam tanah jarang (LTJ) merupakan nama yang diberikan untuk 15 unsur dari kelompok lantanida serta 2 unsur memiliki sifat kimia yang sama sehingga termasuk dalam unsur LTJ, yaitu skandium dan yttrium. Penggunaan LTJ ini memicu berkembangnya material baru untuk diaplikasikan, salah satunya adalah logam serium. Saat ini, serium banyak diaplikasikan dalam bidang industri guna meningkatkan kualitas produk, salah satu contohnya sebagai katalis untuk meningkatkan power output dari baterai Ni-MH. Dalam dunia kesehatan, serium dikembangkan dalam penggunaanan sensing elektrokimia serta biosensor elektrokimia, digunakan juga sebagai sistem penghantar obat, antioksidan, dan deteksi berbagai penyakit dengan memanfaatkan karakteristik serium. Pemisahan serium dari LTJ dapat dilakukan dengan metode oksidasi serium(III) menjadi serium(IV), sehingga sangat penting untuk memanfaatkan sifat valensi serium yang dapat diubah agar serium terpisah dari LTJ(III) lainnya. Dalam larutan asam, oksidasi Ce(III) menjadi Ce(IV) dapat terjadi melalui oksidasi kimia dengan oksidator kuat seperti persulfat, permanganat, atau perklorit dengan oksidasi elektrokimia atau dengan oksidasi secara langsung. Tinjauan ini membahas beberapa oksidator yang umum digunakan, seperti kalium permanganat (KMnO4), natrium hipoklorit (NaOCl), hidrogen peroksida (H2O2), asam sulfat (H2SO4), dan caro’s acid (H2SO5). Kata Kunci: LTJ, Oksidasi, Pemisahan, Serium
Penggunaan Agen Pengendap terhadap Pengendapan Lantanum dan Neodimium: Use of Precipitating Agents against the Precipitation of Lanthanum and Neodymium Petricia Hendriana; Anni Anggraeni; Ari Hardianto; Husein H. Bahti
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 3 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i3.1723

Abstract

Rare earth elements (REEs) are a group of 17 elements including scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), and 15 lanthanides from lanthanum (La,57) to lutetium (Lu, 71). The global demand for rare earths has increased in technological applications over the last decade due to their chemical, catalytic, electrical, magnetic and optical properties. The majority of the world's rare earths are stored in three minerals basnasite, monazite, and senotime. Monazite consists of monazite (Ce), monazite (Nd), and monazite (La). Lanthanum hydroxide inhibits the development of vascular calcification by lowering serum phosphorus levels while neodymium acts as a magnet in MRI imaging device so diseases can be cured in the presence of contrast compounds. Separation of REEs can be done in various ways, solvent extraction, ion exchange resins, and precipitation. Precipitation technique is chosen because it’s easy, fast, and cheap. Precipitating agents are used in the REEs separation process is expected to provide good recovery results. Precipitation efficiency using different precipitating agents can be seen from the recovery obtained. The highest precipitation efficiency was shown by oxalic acid and ammonium hydroxide of 98.68 and 99.99%, respectively. This review describes how well precipitating agents are used to separate rare earths into their individual rare earths. Keywords: Rare earth elements (REEs), monazite, precipitation, precipitating agent Abstrak Logam tanah jarang (LTJ) merupakan kelompok dari 17 unsur termasuk scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), dan 15 lantanida dari lantanum (La,57) ke lutetium (Lu, 71). Permintaan global terkait LTJ telah meningkat dalam aplikasi teknologi selama dekade terakhir karena sifat kimia, katalitik, listrik, magnetik, dan optik yang dimilikinya. Mayoritas dari tanah jarang dunia disimpan di tiga mineral basnasit, monasit, dan senotim. Monasit terdiri atas monasit(Ce), monasit(Nd), dan monasit (La). Lantanum hidroksida berperan dalam menghambat perkembangan kalsifikasi vaskular dengan menurunkan level serum fosfor sedangkan neodimium berperan sebagai magnet dalam suatu pencitraan alat MRI sehingga penyakit dapat dibantu disembuhkan dengan adanya senyawa pengontras tersebut. Pemisahan LTJ dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara yaitu ekstraksi pelarut, resin penukar ion, dan pengendapan. Teknik pengendapan dijadikan pilihan karena mudah, cepat dan murah. Agen pengendap digunakan dalam proses pemisahan LTJ diharapkan mampu memberikan hasil recovery yang baik. Efisiensi pengendapan menggunakan agen pengendap berbeda dapat dilihat dari recovery yang didapatkan. Efisiensi pengendapan tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh agen pengendap asam oksalat dan amonium hidroksida masing-masing sebesar 98.68 dan 99.99%. Tinjauan ini menjelaskan seberapa baik agen pengendap yang digunakan untuk memisahkan LTJ menjadi tanah jarang individunya. Kata Kunci: Logam Tanah Jarang (LTJ), monasit, pengendapan, agen pengendap
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Serum Gigi Ekstrak Etanol Siwak (Salvadora persica L.): Formulation and Evaluation of Dental Serum from Siwak Ethanolic Extract (Salvadora persica L.) Maryam Jamila Arief; Fariani Fariani; Muhammad Irsal; A. Mumtihannah Mursyid
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i2.1724

Abstract

Dental health is a common problem in society. Traditionally, siwak is used to prevent bleeding gums and has antimicrobial effects. In this study, a tooth serum was made from ethanol extract of siwak and its preparations were evaluated and its antibacterial effect was tested. The method used in this research was experimental and three formulations were made with different concentrations of ethanol extract of siwak, formulation 1 (21%), formulation 2 (42%), and formulation 3 (63%). The results of the preparation evaluation showed that the three formulations were not significantly different compared to the control based on organoleptic test, viscosity, pH, dispersion, and stability test. The antimicrobial effect test showed that the three formulations were able to inhibit streptococcus mutans. After the research, the conclusion that can be taken is that the three formulations of the tooth serum ethanol extract of siwak are pharmaceutically stable and formulation 3 showed the best antibacterial effect. Keywords: Dental Serum, Siwak, Streptococcus mutans Abstrak Masalah kesehatan gigi merupakan masalah yang umum terjadi di masyarakat. Secara tradisional siwak digunakan untuk mencegah gigi berdarah dan memilliki efek antibakteri. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pembuatan serum gigi dari ekstrak etanol siwak dan dilakukan evaluasi sediaan serta pengujian efek antibakteri. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimental dan dibuat tiga formulasi dengan konsentrasi ekstrak etanol siwak yang berbeda yaitu formulasi 1 (21%), formulasi 2 (42%), dan formulasi 3 (63%%). Hasil evaluasi sediaan menunjukkan, ketiga formulasi tidak berbeda secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan kontrol berdasarkan uji organoleptik, viskositas, pH, dispersi dan uji stabilitas. Uji efek antimikroba menunjukkan bahwa ketiga formulasi dapat menghambat streptococcus mutans. Setelah dilakukan penelitian, maka kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah ketiga formulasi serum gigi ekstrak ethanol siwak stabil secara farmaseutika dan formulasi 3 menunjukkan efek antibakteri terbaik. Kata Kunci: Serum gigi, Siwak, Streptococcus mutans
Hubungan Tingkat Stres dengan Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren pada Mahasiswa Universitas Mulawarman: Correlation Between Stress Level and Reccurent Aphtous Stomatitis on Mulawarman University’s Students Hanida Fitri Hasanah; Verry Asfirizal; Silfra Yunus Kende; Masyhudi Masyhudi; Cicih Bhakti Purnamasari
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i2.1726

Abstract

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (SAR) is an oral disease characterized by recurrent ulcers limited to the oral mucosa without other systemic disorders in the patient. SAR can create discomfort and disturbance, especially when performing the functions of mastication, swallowing, and speech. There are predisposing factors that trigger RAS, one of which is stress. This study aimed to determine the relationship between stress levels and the incidence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (SAR) in undergraduate students at Mulawarman University.  This research is a cross-sectional study with a purposive sampling technique. The sample was 380 Mulawarman university students. The data analyses used were univariate and bivariate analyses with a chi square test.  The results showed that 82% of students (311 students) were in the moderate category, and 61% (231 students) did not experience RAS. The chi-square test showed no significant relationship between mild and moderate stress levels and moderate and severe stress on SAR. There was a significant relationship between mild and severe stress levels on SAR, where students with mild stress levels tended not to experience SAR 1.731 times compared to students with severe stress. There was a relationship between stress levels and recurrent aphthous stomatitis in Mulawarman University students. Keywords: RAS, Stress, Students Abstrak Salah satu penyakit mulut yang sering terjadi ialah stomatitis aftosa rekuren (SAR), dengan karakteristik ulkus berulang terbatas pada mukosa mulut tanpa gangguan sistemik lainnya pada pasien. SAR dapat menyebabkan rasa tidak nyaman dan terganggu, terutama pada saat melakukan fungsi pengunyahan, penelanan, dan berbicara. Sejumlah faktor presdisposisi diduga memicu terjadinya SAR, diantaranya yaitu stres. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat stres dengan kejadian Stomatitis Aftosa Rekuren (SAR) pada mahasiswa sarjana dan diploma Universitas Mulawarman. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross-sectional dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 380 mahasiswa universitas Mulawarman, analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menyatakan stres pada mahasiswa sebesar 82% (311 mahasiswa) berada pada kategori sedang dan sebanyak 61% (231 mahasiswa) tidak mengalami SAR. Uji chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat stres ringan dan sedang maupun stres sedang dan berat terhadap SAR dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat stres ringan dan berat terhadap SAR, dimana mahasiswa dengan tingkat stres ringan cenderung tidak mengalami SAR 1,731 kali lipat dibandingkan mahasiswa dengan stres berat. Terdapat hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan stomatitis aftosa rekuren pada mahasiswa Universitas Mulawarman. Kata Kunci: SAR, Stres , Mahasiswa
Aktivitas Antiobesitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kemuning (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) pada Tikus Betina Galur Wistar: Antiobesity Activity of Kemuning Leaf Ethanol Extract (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) in Female Wistar Rats Deden Winda Suwandi; Josep Bahari; Anas Subarnas
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 3 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i3.1727

Abstract

Obesity is a condition where there is excessive accumulation of fat due to an imbalance in energy intake with long-term energy expenditure. Serious clinical conditions are often experienced by obese people causing high morbidity and mortality rates at a young age. Efforts to treat obesity pharmacologically are carried out by using synthetic substances that act centrally or peripherally. In addition, many people use natural ingredients that are empirically efficacious in reducing obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-obesity activity of the ethanol extract of Murraya paniculata leaves in female Wistar rats. The test was initiated by induction of animal obesity by subcutaneous administration of monosodium-L-glutamate 2 g/kgbw of rats for the first 5 days and high-carbohydrate diet for 45 days. Parameters observed were body weight, food intake, consistency and weight of faeces, and liver index. The results showed that the ethanol extract of kemuning leaves at doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg of rats has anti-obesity activity by suppressing the increase in body weight of the rats which was significantly different from the positive control (p
Total Fenolik, Flavonoid, dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak dan Fraksi Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms): Total Phenolic, Flavonoid, and Antioxidant Activity of Water Hyacinth Extract and Fraction (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) Aptika Oktaviana Trisna Dewi; Adnan Nur Avif
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i2.1728

Abstract

Water hyacinth is a very fast growing aquatic weed. It contains active compounds including flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, anthocyanins, tannins, phenolics, anthraquinones and quinones. These compounds can be used as antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, anticancer, anticoronary and antiinflammatory agents. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of phenolic and flavonoid in water hyacinth plant extracts and fractions and the IC50 value which describes the level of antioxidant effectiveness. The extract was obtained by maceration using ethanol as a solvent. Fractionation of water hyacinth ethanol extract using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water as solvents. Antioxidant test used DPPH method. Total flavonoid on the ethanol extract were 0.023±0.0015gEQ/g, the ethyl acetate fraction 0.028±0.0015gEQ/g, the n-hexane fraction 0.008±0.0005gEQ/g, and the water fraction 0.002±0.0005gEQ/g. Total phenolic of water hyacinth herb in ethanol extract were 5.403±0.910mgGAE/g, ethyl acetate fraction was 1.810±0.225mgGAE/g, n-hexane fraction was 0.457±0.290mgGAE/g and water fraction was 0.147±0.151mgGAE/g. The IC50 value for the ethanol extract was 48.64mg/L, the ethyl acetate fraction was 223.27mg/L, the water fraction was 451.86mg/L, and the n-hexane fraction was 845.00mg/L. Keywords: antioxidant, water hyacinth, phenolic, flavonoids Abstrak Eceng gondok merupakan gulma air yang sangat cepat pertumbuhannya. Keberadaannya di perairan mengakibatkan kerugian yang besar bagi lingkungan, sosial maupun ekonomi. Namun di sisi lain, eceng gondok memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif flavonoid, alkaloid, steroid, terpenoid, antosianin, tannin, fenolik, antraquinon dan quinon. Senyawa tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai agen antioksidan, antibakteri, antifungi, antitumor, antikanker, antikoroner dan antiinflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kadar fenolik dan flavonoid pada ekstrak dan fraksi tanaman eceng gondok serta nilai IC50 yang menggambarkan efektivitas antioksidannya. Ekstrak diperoleh dengan maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Fraksinasi terhadap ekstrak etanol eceng gondok menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat dan air. Pengujian antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Hasil uji flavonoid pada ekstrak etanol yaitu 0,023±0,0015gEQ/g, fraksi etil asetat 0,028±0,0015gEQ/g, fraksi n-heksana 0,008±0,0005gEQ/g, dan fraksi air 0,002±0,0005gEQ/g. Hasil uji kadar fenolik herba eceng gondok pada ekstrak etanol sebesar 5,403 ± 0,910mgGAE/g, fraksi etil asetat sebesar 1,810 ± 0,225mgGAE/g, fraksi n-heksana sebesar 0,457 ± 0,290mgGAE/g dan fraksi air adalah sebesar 0,147 ± 0,151mgGAE/g. Nilai IC50 untuk ekstrak etanol sebesar 48,64 mg/mL, fraksi etil asetat sebesar 223,27 mg/mL, fraksi air 451,86 mg/mL, fraksi n-heksana 845,00 mg/mL. Kata Kunci: antioksidan, eceng gondok, fenolik, flavonoid
Formulasi Spray Gel Ekstrak Etanol Batang Etlingera rubroloba Menggunakan HPMC sebagai Gelling Agent: Formulation Spray Gel of Etlingera rubroloba Ethanolic Extract Using HPMC as Gelling Agent Astrid Indalifiany; Waode Sitti Zubaydah; Elvira Riskiyani Kasim
Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): J. Sains Kes.
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jsk.v5i2.1729

Abstract

Herbal plants are one source of discovering secondary metabolites for active ingredients in medicine and one of them is Etlingera rubroloba from the Zingiberaceae group. The stems of these plants contain polyphenols as natural antioxidants. Application of natural antioxidants can be given topically through spray gel preparations. Spray preparations in gel form using HPMC can produce clear visuals, stable viscosity and do not irritate the skin. This study aims to obtain the optimal concentration of HPMC in the manufacture of E.rubroloba ethanol extract spray gel in terms of the resulting evaluation and physical stability. Formulation of spray gel based on the experimental method of optimizing gel base by adding E.rubroloba ethanol extract in various concentrations of HPMC 0.1% (F1); 0.2% (F2); 0.3% (F3) ; 0.4% (F4); and 0.5% (F5). The results showed that F1 with 0.1% HPMC had the best physical properties and stability of the preparation with a clear organoleptic, characteristic odor, and slightly viscous, producing a homogeneous spray gel, having a pH of 6, viscosity of 60 cps, spray weight of 0.13 gram, dry time 1.14 minutes, pattern and diameter of spraying spread well, and physically stable through centrifugation method stability test and cycling test. Keywords: Antioxidant, Etlingera rubroloba, gel, HPMC Abstrak Tumbuhan herbal merupakan salah satu sumber penemuan metabolit sekunder untuk bahan aktif dalam pengobatan dan salah satunya adalah Etlingera rubroloba dari kelompok Zingiberaceae. Batang tumbuhan tersebut mengandung polifenol sebagai antioksidan alami. Aplikasi antioksidan alami dapat diberikan secara topikal melalui sediaan spray gel. Sediaan spray dalam bentuk gel menggunakan HPMC dapat menghasilkan visual jernih, viskositas stabil dan tidak mengiritasi kulit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi optimal HPMC dalam pembuatan spray gel ekstrak etanol E.rubroloba yang ditinjau dari evaluasi dan stabilitas fisik yang dihasilkan. Formulasi sediaan spray gel berdasarkan metode eksperimental optimalisasi basis gel dengan menambahkan ekstrak etanol E.rubroloba dalam variasi konsentrasi HPMC 0,1% (F1) ; 0,2% (F2); 0,3% (F3) ; 0,4% (F4); dan 0,5% (F5). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa F1 dengan HPMC 0,1% memiliki sifat fisik dan stabilitas sediaan terbaik dengan organoleptik bening, berbau khas, dan agak kental, menghasilkan spray gel yang homogen, memiliki pH 6, viskositas 60 cps, bobot semprot 0,13 gram, waktu kering 1,14 menit, pola dan diameter penyemprotan menyebar dengan baik, serta stabil secara fisik melalui uji stabilitas metode sentrifugasi dan cycling test. Kata Kunci: Antioksidan, Etlingera rubroloba, gel, HPMC

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