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Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 02169347     EISSN : 23380772     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
JKB contains articles from research that focus on basic medicine, clinical medicine, epidemiology, and preventive medicine (social medicine).
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 886 Documents
 85   86   87   88   89 
Retrograde Intubation as an Alternative Approach to Failed Video-Assisted and Fiber Optic Laryngoscope in Patient with Predicted Difficult Intubation: Case Report Dananjaya, Vigyan; Suparno Adi Santika; Robeth Ardyansyah, Rizky; Salma Auliya Syahida
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.04.11

Abstract

Difficult intubation is a challenge for an Anesthesiologist. Expertise in effective airway management which includes initial assessment to follow-up care. In this article we reported a 58-year-old male with a history of tracheostomy, craniotomy, and Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) placement on the maxilla dextra, who will undergo a cranioplasty procedure under general anaesthesia. On physical examination, a mallampati class IV assessment was obtained, the distance between incisors < 3 fingers. The pre-anesthesia assessment an American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) II with LEMON score of 4. The intraoperative process used intravenous induction with fentanyl 150 mg, midazolam 5 mg, Propofol 150 mg, and Rocuronium 50 mg. Two airway management scenarios in this patient failed, which were video-assisted laryngoscopy and fibre optic laryngoscopy, therefore a third scenario was performed using retrograde intubation technique. Retrograde intubation is an effective alternative in patients with intubation difficulties.
Optimizing Burn Injury Care: A Comparative Network Meta-Analysis of Skin Grafts' Efficacy Del Rosario Puling, Imke Maria; Pramana Giri, Nyoman Deva; Almadita, Teresa; Limantara, Jane; Arviansyah, Arviansyah
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.03.8

Abstract

Burn injuries, causing approximately 180,000 deaths. Skin grafting serves as a cornerstone intervention in burn injury management. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different types of skin grafts in promoting the healing process of burn injuries. The outcomes of the study were the reepithelialization time and repigmentation rate of skin graft. Quality appraisal was done using ROBINS-I and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale, while network and single arm meta-analysis were conducted using R-Studio. A literature search across 6 databases resulted in the selection of 7 articles. Quality assessment categorized 6 studies as low- and 1 as moderate-risk of bias studies. The device facilitated autologous skin cell increase in reepithelialization rate (OR=5.21; 95% CI=0.24-114.41), followed by autologous skin cell and synthetic graft (OR=0.47; 95% CI=0.04-5.98), topical agent (OR=0.30; 95% CI=0.06-1.47), and Xenograft (OR=0.09; 95% CI=0.00-4.89). Furthermore, the single-arm meta-analysis showed an overall repigmentation rate of 61.49%, with xenograft displaying the highest repigmentation rate (87.50%), followed by synthetic graft (70.32%), and autologous skin cell (37.54%). Xenografts have proven effective in promoting burn wound healing. Nevertheless, the outstanding efficacy and minimal repigmentation of device-facilitated autologous skin cell transplantation highlight its potential in clinical practice.
The Effect of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (ATT) Routine on Blood Profiles and Nutritional Status of Children at Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin Khairiyadi, Khairiyadi; Sitompul, Putriana Br.; Putra, Nataniel Hadi; Panghiyangani, Roselina
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.04.5

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the rod-shaped bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. TB). TB primarily affects the lung parenchyma (pulmonary TB), but the bacterium can also infect other organs, leading to extrapulmonary TB. Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (ATT) are a crucial component of TB treatment. However, the use of ATT is associated with side effects, the most common being anaemia and thrombocytopenia. This study aims to determine the effect of ATT on routine blood profiles and the nutritional status of pediatric patients with pulmonary TB and glandular TB at Ulin Regional Hospital, Banjarmasin. This analytical observational study employed a cross-sectional design. A total of 52 pediatric patients with pulmonary TB and glandular TB at Ulin Regional Hospital, Banjarmasin, were selected using a non-probability total sampling approach. The Wilcoxon test revealed a significant effect of ATT therapy on nutritional status, as indicated by a p-value of 0.000. ATT therapy results in changes in routine blood profiles and significant improvements in the nutritional status of pediatric patients with pulmonary TB and glandular TB. The significant changes in the routine blood profile are haemoglobin level and monocytes level which increased after ATT therapy. The average leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) level decreased significantly after ATT therapy, while Platelet counts remained unchanged.
Glutathione Sulfhydryl (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels Comparison in Senile Cataract Lenses of Coastal and Mountain Populations Hidayat, Muhammad; Primasakti, Pattih
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 34 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2026.034.01.3

Abstract

Cataracts are a leading cause of global blindness, affecting over 20 million individuals, according to the WHO are primarily age-related but are influenced by UV radiation-induced oxidative stress on lens proteins and cells. Geographic UV intensity variations prompted further comparative studies Glutathione Sulfhydryl (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in senile cataracts. This was a cross-sectional study. utilized all senile cataract patients who underwent extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) surgery. Lens nucleus specimens were examined for GSH and MDA levels at the Biomedical Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Andalas University. The examination results were processed and analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test. The study included 32 participants, with the majority (68.8%) being men, primarily working as farmers (56.3%), and 81.3% having mature cataracts. No significant differences were found in GSH and MDA levels between residents living in coastal areas and those living in mountainous areas, with p-values of 0.087 and 0.484, respectively (p>0.05). There was no correlation between GSH and MDA levels in patients with senile cataracts living in coastal and mountainous areas or in those living solely in coastal or mountainous areas (p>0.05). There was no correlation between GSH and MDA levels in patients with senile cataracts living in coastal and mountainous areas. The decrease in GSH levels was due to aging and was not influenced by UV exposure. The average MDA levels in mountain residents were higher than those in coastal residents. UV radiation in mountainous areas induced more ROS, resulting in slightly higher MDA levels than in coastal areas.
Effectivity of Artery Ligation for Bleeding Control in Placenta Accreta Spectrum: A Systematic Review Daniati, Lidya; Rahardjo, Bambang
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 34 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2026.034.01.9

Abstract

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a potentially life-threatening obstetric condition that causes severe postpartum hemorrhage. This study aimed to evaluate these techniques and their effectiveness in controlling postpartum hemorrhage. This systematic review used four databases: ScienceDirect, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. We included studies on arterial ligation or occlusion, particularly of the internal iliac, uterine, hypogastric, or abdominal arteries, that compared arterial occlusion with conservative therapy or other interventions in women with PAS. We included eighteen studies with 1,338 patients. A total of 884 patients underwent the arterial ligation technique, whereas 454 underwent the balloon technique. Several studies have shown that arterial ligation or ballooning may be beneficial in controlling bleeding and reducing the need for hysterectomy. In contrast, other studies found that arterial ligation and occlusion did not result in significant differences in terms of intraoperative blood loss, required hysterectomy, and blood transfusion. All studies consistently found that arterial ligation and occlusion led to an increase in overall operative time compared to the control group. In addition, arterial ligation and occlusion are considered safe techniques with few complications. Arterial ligation and occlusion are effective techniques for managing PAS, particularly for controlling blood loss. Arterial ligation and occlusion are safe procedures with minimal complications.
Lichen Amyloidosis on the Back that improved with Methotrexate Administration: Case Report Dalimunthe, Dina A; Danil, Rezkyana
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.04.10

Abstract

Lichen amyloidosis comprises a range of disorders characterized by amyloid protein deposits in tissues and organs. Several studies have shown that lichen amyloidosis is a form of localized primary cutaneous amyloidosis, often affecting the anterior legs and arms, but rarely found in the back, making such cases notable. A 75-year-old male presented with pruritic brown-black hyperkeratotic nodules on the back, which had increased over the past year. The patient had a history of psoriasis vulgaris and was being treated with methotrexate, cetirizine, and topical medications. Histopathology with Congo Red staining confirmed lichen amyloidosis, with amyloid deposits in the dermal papillae. Lichen amyloidosis, although typically localized to the lower extremities, may also appear on the back in rare cases. The amyloid deposition in the dermis may result from chronic friction or genetic factors. In addition, methotrexate's role in managing the condition is related to its immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. This case indicates the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of lichen amyloidosis. Early histopathological confirmation and tailored treatment, including methotrexate and topical corticosteroids, can aid symptom relief and prevent progression.
Correlation between Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter, Rotterdam Computed Tomography Score, and Glasgow Coma Scale in Head Injury Febrina, Debora; Lubis, Netty Delvrita; Arsyad, Abdurrahman Mousa
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.04.2

Abstract

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is one of the fatal events resulting from head injury. The gold standard for diagnosing elevated ICP, external ventricular drainage (EVD), is highly invasive, unavailable in the initial assessment, and contraindicated in some patients. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) has recently emerged as a non-invasive alternative for ICP monitoring. The Rotterdam CT Score (RCTS) assesses basal cisterns, midline shift, epidural mass lesion, and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and/or traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH) on head CT scan. High RCTS is associated with higher mortality. Clinically, it can be assessed from level of consciousness with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). This cross-sectional study aims to analyze the correlation between ONSD, RCTS, and GCS in head injury patients who underwent non-contrast head CT scans at the Radiology Department of Adam Malik Hospital, Medan from May 1, 2022, to April 30, 2023. ONSD and RCTS on initial CT scan were measured by two examiners, and GCS scores were obtained from the medical record. From 42 patients, the mean ONSD was 6.26±0.80mm, the median RCTS was 3 (range: 1 to 6), and the median GCS was 14 (range: 3 to 15). There is a significant strong positive correlation between ONSD and RCTS (r=0.747) and a moderate negative correlation between ONSD and GCS (r=-0.476), with p<0.05. The larger the ONSD on the initial head CT scan, the higher the Rotterdam CT score and the lower the GCS score.
Nonsense Mutation (c.1425G>A-p.Trp475Ter) Associated with Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1A (OCA1A) in Yogyakarta Karmilah, Karmilah; Dian Pratiwi, Arini; Nur Handayani, Niken Satuti
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.04.8

Abstract

Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA) is a disorder characterized by impaired melanin synthesis that leads to hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes, accompanied by distinct ocular abnormalities. The global prevalence of all forms of albinism is approximately 1 in 17,000 individuals, and OCA1 is the most common type. OCA1 results from mutations in the TYR gene and specifically involves a complete loss of tyrosinase enzyme function, resulting in a total absence of pigment in the skin, eyes, and hair. This case report describes two male patients with congenital symptoms of extremely light or depigmented skin and hair. Both presented with white eyelashes and eyebrows, grayish irises, and ocular abnormalities, including nystagmus, photophobia, and strabismus. The analysis showed a genetic variant in the exon of the TYR gene with the mutation variant c.1425G>A/p.Trp475Ter and was found to be a nonsense mutation.
Identification of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 Gene Polymorphisms in Covid-19 Survivors with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus using the rhAmp PCR Method Setijowati, Eva Diah; Suprapti, Herni; Waskito, Budi Arief; Wulandari, Retno Dwi
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 33 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2025.033.04.1

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused significant global mortality and morbidity. Covid -19 infection is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which requires a receptor on the host cell to enter, primarily Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, encoded by the ACE2 gene, and Transmembrane Serine Protease 2, encoded by the TMPRSS2 gene. Several factors can influence Covid-19 mortality and morbidity, including gender, comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and genetic factors. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms are believed to worsen the condition of Covid-19 patients. This study aimed to identify polymorphisms in the ACE2 (rs2285666 G>C) and TMPRSS2 (rs2070788 A>G) in  Covid-19 survivors with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The total sample was 30 hypertension and diabetes mellitus   patients treated at Islamic Hospital Surabaya. A total of 3 ml of blood was drawn from the median cubital vein and placed into an EDTA vacutainer. DNA extraction was performed using the High Pure PCR Template Preparation Kit (Roche). Identification of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 polymorphisms was performed using the rhAmp SNP genotyping method with the LightCycler® system (Roche 480II). Genotyping results for ACE2 showed that 55.2% of patients had the GG (wild-type) with a G allele frequency of 68.9%. Genotyping for the TMPRSS2 showed that 60% of patients had the GG (mutant-type) with a G allele frequency of 78.3%. During Covid-19 infection, neither GG genotype (ACE2) and the GG genotype (TMPRSS2) exhibited severe symptoms.
How Far Has the Development of Endometriosis Murine Models Progressed? A Systematic Review Hermawan, Wibisono; Ayu Rizky, Widowati; Leny Silviana , Farida
Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya Vol. 34 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2026.034.01.10

Abstract

Up to 15% of women of reproductive age suffer with endometriosis, an inflammatory condition that is dependent on estrogen. Its complex nature and nonspecific symptoms often delay diagnosis and treatment. Due to limited human studies and rare spontaneous cases in primates, murine models are essential for exploring disease mechanisms and therapies. This systematic review evaluated seven experimental studies conducted between 2005 and 2025 using murine models, selected from PubMed, Cochrane, SCOPUS, and Taylor & Francis databases. Most studies employed syngeneic models, which facilitate compatibility with transgenic tools. Advanced visualization techniques, such as GFP fluorescence and luciferase-based bioluminescence, allowed non-invasive and real-time tracking of lesion development. Although these models offer significant advantages, inconsistencies in hormonal protocols, tissue sources, and imaging depth remain challenges. Despite these limitations, murine models have progressed notably, particularly with innovative imaging technologies. However, further standardization and improvements in physiological relevance are needed to enhance translational potential.

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