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Journal of Pharmascience
Published by Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
ISSN : 23555386     EISSN : 24609560     DOI : https://doi.org/10.20527/jps.v13i1
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ournal of Pharmascience accepts scientific articles as original reasearch articles and review articles on pharmacy and health. Journal of Pharmascience publishes various scientific articles covering Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences in the field but not limited to: Clinical Pharmacy Community Pharmacy Pharmacology Natural Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry Pharmaceutical Technology Pharmaceutical Management Pharmaceutical Education Apart from the topics above, the Journal of Pharmascience also accepts other manuscripts in the health field, such as: Validation and development of analytical methods for a variety of samples, including food Implementation and analysis of a variety of surveys related to medical therapy, disease, health procedures, and other aspects of health
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Articles 362 Documents
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Cost Effectiveness Analysis Antibiotik Profilaksis pada Pasien Apendisitis di RSUD Anutapura Palu Tahun 2018 Khusnul Diana; Muzna Muzna; Muhamad Rinaldhi Tandah; Arya Dibyo Adisaputra
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v9i1.11005

Abstract

Apendisitis adalah peradangan akibat infeksi pada apendiks yang mana memerlukan penanganan berupa pembedahan untuk mencegah komplikasi perlu dilakukannya apendiktomi atau pengangkatan apendiks. Apendiktomi merupakan operasi bersih kontaminasi dan termasuk dalam kategori tinggi untuk diberikan antibiotik profilaksis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui manakah penggunaan antibiotik profilaksis yang paling cost-effective pada pasien apendisitis di RSUD Anutapura Palu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis efektivitas biaya (Cost-Effectiveness Analysis) antibiotik profilaksis pada pasien apendisitis dengan melihat parameter penurunan suhu tubuh. Subyek penelitian yaitu 69 pasien rawat inap yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat pasien yang menggunakan terapi antibiotik tunggal sebanyak 35 pasien (50,72%), kombinasi 2 antibiotik 27 pasien (39,13%) dan kombinasi 3 antibiotik 7 pasien (10,14%). Rata-rata total biaya medis langsung penggunaan antibiotik tunggal Rp. 7.430.971, kombinasi 2 antibiotik Rp. 11.236.020, kombinasi 3 antibiotik Rp. 12.321.345. Berdasarkan perhitungan ACER, diperoleh antibiotik yang memiliki  biaya rendah adalah antibiotik tunggal seftriakson dengan nilai Rp. 159.199/unit suhu. Kata Kunci: Apendisitis, Antibiotik Profilaksis, Apendiktomi, Cost-Efffectiveness Analysis, Direct Medical Cost Appendicitis is inflammation due to infection of the appendix which requires treatment in the form of surgery to prevent complications, it is necessary to do an appendectomy or removal of the appendix. Appendectomy is a clean operation of contamination and is included in the high category for prophylactic antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine which use of prophylactic antibiotics was the most cost-effective in appendicitis patients at Anutapura Hospital Palu. This type of research is descriptive research with retrospective data collection. This study was conducted to analyze the cost-effectiveness (Cost-Effectiveness Analysis) of prophylactic antibiotics in appendicitis patients by looking at the parameters of decreasing body temperature. The research subjects were 69 hospitalized patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that there were 35 patients (50.72%), a combination of 2 antibiotics (39.13%) and a combination of 3 antibiotics 7 patients (10.14%). The average total direct medical cost of using a single antibiotic is Rp. 7,430,971, a combination of 2 antibiotics Rp. 11,236,020, a combination of 3 antibiotics Rp. 12,321,345. Based on ACER calculations, the antibiotic that has a low cost is the single antibiotic ceftriaxone with a value of Rp. 159,199 /unit temperature.
Profil Penggunaan Obat pada Pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ulin Banjarmasin Herda Ariyani; Sri Fitriani; Siti Rahmah
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v8i2.11144

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV -2) adalah infeksi virus baru yang pertama kali dilaporkan di Kota Wuhan, Tiongkok Tengah. Penyebaran virus ini semakin meningkat dan telah menyebar hampir ke seluruh Negara di dunia sehingga World Health Organization (WHO) mengumumkannya sebagai pandemi. Hingga saat ini, masih belum ditemukan obat antivirus khusus untuk penyakit ini dan penatalaksanaannya masih berupa terapi simptomatik dan suportif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa profil penggunaan obat pada pasien COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian non-eksperimental ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan beberapa kriteria yaitu rekam medis pasien COVID-19 rawat inap dan tanpa komorbid, yang mana telah dilakukan secara retrospektif pada periode 1–31 Januari 2021. Dari 146 sampel, diperoleh 12 sampel yang sesuai dengan kriteria. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin, laki laki lebih banyak terinfeksi COVID-19 yaitu (58,33%). Berdasarkan usia, paling banyak terjadi pada rentang usia 31-40 tahun (41,67%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasien mendominasi berada pada parameter gejala klinis kategori ringan (75%). Urutan terbanyak penggunaan obat adalah suplemen dan vitamin (49,35%), antibiotik (9,47%) dan antivirus (7,15%). Oleh karen itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis kelamin dan usia sangat mempengaruhi tingkat keparahan penyakit COVID-19 dan berpengaruh pada penggunaan obat untuk penyembuhan, gejala klinis yang paling banyak dijumpai adalah kategori ringan sehingga penggunaan obat terbanyak adalah golongan suplemen dan vitamin. Kata Kunci: Novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Pola, Pengobatan   Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new viral infection that was first reported in Wuhan City, Central China. The spread of this virus is increasing and has spread to almost all countries in the world so that the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic. Until now, there is still no specific antiviral drug for this disease and its management is still in the form of symptomatic and supportive therapy. This study aims to determine the profile of drug use in COVID-19 patients at the Banjarmasin Ulin Regional General Hospital. This non-experimental study used a purposive sampling method with several criteria, namely medical records of inpatients of COVID-19 patients and without comorbidities, which were carried out retrospectively in the period 1–31 January 2021. From 146 samples, 12 samples were obtained that matched the criteria. . Based on gender, men were more infected with COVID-19, namely (58.33%). Based on age, most occurred in the age range of 31-40 years (41.67%). Based on clinical symptoms more mild category (75%). The highest use of drugs is the first group of supplements and vitamins (49.35%), secondly, the antibiotic group (9.47%) and thirdly, the antiviral group (7.15%). Gender and age greatly affect the severity of COVID-19 disease and affect the use of drugs for healing, the most common clinical symptoms are in the mild category so that the most drug use is in the supplement and vitamin group.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Antitirosinase Fraksi n-Butanol Daun Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack.) Secara Kualitatif Menggunakan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Fadlilaturrahmah Fadlilaturrahmah; Aditya Maulana Perdana Putra; Muhammad Ikhwan Rizki; Titin Nor
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v8i2.11160

Abstract

Kerusakan oksidatif dalam tubuh manusia dapat disebabkan oleh radikal bebas, sehingga menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan. Daun P. canescens memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik, tanin, alkaloid, steroid, saponin dan flavonoid yang potensial sebagai antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk melakukan uji aktivitas antioksidan dan antitirosinase fraksi n-butanol daun sungkai secara kualittaif menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis. Metode yang digunakan yaitu preparasi sampel dengan pembuatan simplisia yang kemudian diekstraksi secara maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Hasil ekstrak kental kemudian difraksinasi bertingkat dengan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat, dan n-butanol. Selanjutnya dilakukan skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antioksidan, dan antitirosinase secara kualitatif menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis. Hasil rendemen ekstrak etanol daun P. canescens yaitu sebesar 7,28% sedangkan rendemen fraksi yaitu 24,8%. Skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol P. canescens mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, steroid, tanin, saponin, dan fenol. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini yaitu fraksi n-butanol daun P. canscens berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang ditandai adanya noda kuning pucat setelah penyemprotan dengan reagen DPPH, serta berpotensi memiliki aktivitas antitirosinase secara kualitatif yang ditandai dengan adanya bercak putih pada plat KLT. Kata Kunci: DPPH, L-DOPA, Asam askorbat, Enzim  Oxidative damage in the human body can be caused by free radicals, causing various problems. P. canescens leaves contain phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, saponins and flavonoids that have potential as antioxidants. The purpose of this study was to test the antioxidant and antityrosinase activity of the n-butanol fraction of sungkai leaves qualitatively using thin layer chromatography. The method used is sample preparation by making simplicia which is then extracted by maceration using 96% ethanol. The viscous extract was then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol as solvents. Furthermore, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, and antityrosinase tests were carried out qualitatively using thin layer chromatography. The yield of P. canescens leaf ethanol extract was 7.28%, while the fraction yield was 24.8%. Phytochemical screening of P. canescens ethanol extract containing alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, and phenols. The conclusion obtained from this study is that the n-butanol fraction of P. canscens leaves has the potential to have antioxidant activity which is indicated by a pale yellow stain after spraying with DPPH reagent, and has the potential to have qualitative antityrosinase activity which is indicated by the presence of white spots on the TLC plate.
Identifikasi Gugus Fungsi Fraksi Etil Asetat dan Fraksi n-Heksan Hylocereus polyrhizus (F.A.C.Weber) Britton & Rose Sri Wahdaningsih; Fajar Nugraha; Hadi Kurniawan; Anis Marselia; Dian Novita Sari
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v9i1.11192

Abstract

Buah naga merah diketahui memiliki manfaat pada daging maupun kulit buahnya. Kulit buah naga merah yang sering dibuang sebagai limbah ternyata memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang lebih banyak daripada daging buahnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gugus fungsi yang ada pada fraksi etil asetat dan n-heksan kulit buah naga merah. Analisis gugus fungsi dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat spektrofotometer FTIR dengan metode pelet KBr. Hasil yang diperoleh bersifat kualitatif yaitu berupa spektrum inframerah. Hasil identifikasi gugus fungsi dari fraksi etil asetat kulit buah naga merah adalah gugus fungsi O–H, C–H alkana, C=O, C–O, dan C–H aromatik. Hasil identifikasi gugus fungsi dari fraksi n-heksan kulit buah naga merah adalah gugus fungsi O-H , C-H alkana, C-H alkena, C-O, dan C=O. Senyawa yang terkandung pada fraksi etil asetat kulit buah naga merah adalah fenolik, flavonoid, terpenoid, steroid, dan alkaloid. Senyawa yang terkandung pada fraksi n-heksan kulit buah naga merah adalah flavonoid, terpenoid, dan steroid. Kata Kunci: Kulit Buah Naga Merah, Fraksinasi, Spektrum, Fourier Transform Infrared  Red dragon fruit is known have benefits in the flesh and peel of the fruit. The peel of the red dragon fruit, which is often disposed of as waste, has more antioxidant activity than its flesh. This study aimed to identify the functional groups in the ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions of red dragon fruit peel. Functional group analysis was done by using FTIR spectrophotometer with KBr pellet method. The results obtained were qualitative in the form of an infrared spectrum. The results of the identification of functional groups from the ethyl acetate fraction of red dragon fruit peel were O–H, C–H alkanes, C=O, C–O, and C–H aromatics functional groups. The results of the identification of functional groups from the n-hexane fraction of red dragon fruit peel were O-H, C-H alkanes, C-H alkenes, C-O, and C=O functional groups. The compounds that contained in the ethyl acetate fraction of red dragon fruit peel are phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, and alkaloids. The compounds that contained in the n-hexane fraction of red dragon fruit peel are flavonoids, terpenoids, and steroids.
Pengaruh Brief Counseling Modifikasi 5A Terhadap Kepatuhan dan Kadar Gula Darah Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II Di RSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo Muhammad Ashar Muslimin; Antonius Adji Prayitno Setiadi; Yosi Irawati Wibowo
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v8i2.11355

Abstract

Diabetes melitus merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang penting baik secara nasional maupun internasional. Diabetes melitus dianggap penyakit kronis yang memerlukan penggunaan terapi jangka panjang. Kepatuhan pasien dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kebrhasilan terapi. Salah satu intervensi yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan sehingga gula darah dapat terkontrol adalah brief counseling modifikasi 5A. Brief counseling modifikasi 5A merupakan proses pemberian informasi dan edukasi secara singkat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh brief counseling modifikasi 5A farmasis terhadap kepatuhan dan hasil terapi berupa kadar gula darah pasien (GDP) pasien diabetes mellitus (DM) tipe II rawat jalan RSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimental pre-posttest. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan selama periode 9 Juni – 20 September 2020 di depo farmasi rawat jalan RSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo. Sebanyak 40 pasien yang diberikan brief counseling modifikasi 5A sebanyak 2 kali dan 40 pasien yang tidak diberikan perlakuan brief counseling modifikasi 5A. Pengukuran hasil kepatuhan dan GDP dilakukan setelah 2 kali intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan brief counseling modifikasi 5A dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan pasien DM tipe II di depo farmasi rawat jalan RSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo serta menurunkan GDP (p = 0,001). Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat diterapkan sebagai terapi konseling secara periodik bagi penderita DM Tipe II di RSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo. Kata kunci: brief counseling, DM, kepatuhan pasien, GDP. Diabetes melitus is one of the important public health problems both nationally and internationally. One of the interventions that can be done to improve compliance so that blood sugar can be controlled is the 5A modification brief counseling. Modified 5A Brief counseling is a process of providing brief information and education. Diabetes mellitus is considered a chronic disease that requires the use of long-therm therapy. Patients compiliance is needed to achieve therapeutic success. One of the interventions that can be done to improve compliance so that blood sugar can be controlled is the 5A modification brief counseling. Modified 5A brief counseling is a process of a providing brief information and education. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the modified 5A pharmacist brief counseling on compliance and therapeutic outcames in the form of blood sugar levels (GDP) of type II diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in outpatient Sawerigading Hospital Palopo City. The design of this study used a pre-posttest experimental design. Sampling was carried out during the period starting June 9 – September 2020 at the outpatient pharmacy depot at sawerigading hospital palopo city. A total of 40 patients were given 5A modification brief counseling twice and 40 patients were not given 5A modification brief counseling treatment. Measurement of compliance and GDP result was carried out after 2 interventions. The results showed that the 5A modification brief counseling treatment could improve treatment adherence of type II DM patients at the outpatient pharmacy depot at Sawerigading Hospital Palopo City and reduce GDP (p=0.001). It is hoped that this research can be applied as a periodic counseling therapy for patients with Type II DM at Sawerigading Hospital Palopo City.
Standarisasi dan Aktivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Maria Ulfah; Sri Mulyati; Nurma Yunita
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v9i1.11385

Abstract

Senyawa kimia dalam tanaman tidak dapat dijamin selalu konstan dan aman, sehingga diperlukan standarisasi, selain itu senyawa flavonoid dan fenolik diduga berpotensi sebagai tabir surya melindungi kulit dari radiasi sinar UV. Penelitian ini bertujuan menetapkan standarisasi dan aktivitas tabir surya ekstrak etanol daun kakao. Daun kakao diekstraksi menggunakan Microwave Assisted Extraction dengan etanol 70%. Hasil ekstrak diuji parameter spesifik meliputi identitas, organoleptik, kadar senyawa larut air dan etanol, skrining fitokimia, kadar flavonoid dan fenolik total, serta diuji parameter non spesifik meliputi susut pengeringan, kadar air, kadar abu total dan abu tak larut asam serta cemaran logam. Hasil dianalisis deskriptif dibandingkan dengan standar. Aktivitas tabir surya diuji dengan spektrofotometri λ 290-320 nm, nilai SPF dihitung dengan persamaan Mansur. Hasil organoleptic ekstrak kental berwarna coklat, rasa pahit, berbau coklat mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, fenolik serta memiliki kadar flavonoid total 9,777±0,170 mgRE/gr ekstrak, fenolik total 45,321±1,220 mgGAE/gr ekstrak dan memenuhi parameter spesifik dan non spesifik meliputi senyawa larut air 21,024±0,574%, larut etanol 18,316±1,593%, susut pengeringan 15,08±0,148%, kadar air 17,16±0,261%, kadar abu total 2,342±0,015%, abu tak larut asam 0,789±0,036%, logam Pb <0,622 mg/kg, Cd <0,022 mg/kg, As 0,025 mg/kg serta memiliki nilai SPF konsentrasi 700 µg/mL sebesar 17,95±0,084 yang termasuk dalam kategori proteksi ultra. Kata Kunci: Parameter Spesifik, Parameter Non Spesifik, SPF Chemical compounds in plants cannot be guaranteed to always be constant and safe, so standardization is needed, besides flavonoid and phenolic compounds are suspected to have the potential as sunscreens to protect the skin from UV radiation. This study aims to establish the standardization and activity of cocoa leaf ethanol extract sunscreens. Cocoa leaves are extracted using Microwave Assisted Extraction with 70% ethanol. The results of the extract were tested for specific parameters including identity, organoleptic, levels of water soluble compounds and ethanol, phytochemical screening, total flavonoid and phenolic levels, as well as tested nonspecific parameters including drying shrinkage, moisture content, total ash content and acid insoluble ash and metal spruce. The results were analyzed descriptively compared to the standard. The activity of the sunscreen is tested with a spectrophototometry of λ 290-320 nm, the SPF value is calculated by the Mansur equation. Organoleptic results of brown thick extract, bitter taste, smelling of chocolate contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics and has a total flavonoid content of 9,777±0.170 mgRE/gr extract, phenolics total 45,321±1,220 mgGAE/gr extract and meet specific and non-specific parameters including water soluble compounds 21,024±0.574%, ethanol soluble 18,316±1,593%, drying shrink 15.08±0.148%, water content 17.16±0.261%, total ash content 2,342±0.015%, acid insoluble ash 0.789±0.036%, Pb metal <0.622 mg/kg, Cd <0.022 mg/kg, As 0.025 mg/kg and has a concentration value of 700 μg/mL of 17.95±0.084 which belongs to the category of ultra protection.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Pakan Banyu (Croton argyratus Blume) terhadap Kualitas dan Kuantitas Spermatozoa sebagai Antifertilitas Nurlely Nurlely; Anika Iktishad Aslama; Noor Cahaya; Valentina Meta Srikartika
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 9 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v9i1.11397

Abstract

Kulit batang pakan banyu (Croton argyratus Blume) secara empiris digunakan sebagai obat kontrasepsi tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh ekstrak etanol kulit batang pakan banyu terhadap perubahan kualitas dan kuantitas spermatozoa pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan post test only control group design. Kulit batang pakan banyu dimaserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Pada bagian kulit batang terdapat zat aktif steroid, saponin, tanin, dan alkaloid. Uji pengaruh gambaran mikroskopik terhadap kualitas dan kuantitas spermatozoa menggunakan dua puluh ekor tikus jantan dengan 4 kelompok perlakuan yang diberi perlakuan secara oral selama 15 hari yaitu Kontrol negatif (Na CMC 0,5%), dan kelompok perlakuan (ekstrak dosis 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB, 500 mg/kgBB). Setelah 15 hari hewan uji dinekropsi untuk mengamati jumlah spermatozoa menggunakan improved neubauer hemositometer, motilitas spermatozoa, viabilitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoa menggunakan eosin negrosin sebagai pewarna. One way ANOVA digunakan untuk menganalisa data kuantitatif yang didapatkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB, dan 500 mg/kgBB memberikan perbedaan bermakna terhadap kelompok kontrol negatif (p < 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa dosis 100 mg/kgBB, 200 mg/kgBB, dan 500 mg/kgBB memberikan pengaruh terhadap perubahan motilitas, abnormalitas, viabilitas, dan jumlah spermatozoa. Kata Kunci: Pakan Banyu, Kontrasepsi Pria, Spermatozoa  Stem Bark of pakan banyu (Croton argyratus Blume) empirically is used as a traditional contraception method. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the ethanol extract of the pakan banyu stem bark to change in the quality and quantity of spermatozoa in albino male rats (Rattus norvegicus). This research is an experimental research with posttest only control group design. Pakan Banyu stem bark was macerated using 70% ethanol. The extract contained the active substances such as steroids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids. This study used twenty male rats which were divided into 4 groups: negative control (CMC Na 0,5%), and treatment groups (extract dose of 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg body weight). The treatment was orally administered for 15 days.  After 15 days, the testis was isolated  to observe the number of spermatozoa using improved Neubauer hemocytometer, motility, viability and sperm abnormalities using eosin nigrosin. Quantitative data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results showed that dose of 100, 200, and 500 mg/kg body weight possessed a significant difference to the negative control group (p <0.05). Thus, it can be conclude that  ethanol extract of Pakan Banyu stem bark (C. argyratus Blume) possesses an effect in changing of motility, abnormality, viability, and number of spermatozoa.
Studi In Silico Senyawa Hylocereus polyrhizus dan Allium sativum terhadap Enzim HMG-CoA Reduktase Normaidah Normaidah; Dian Nurmansyah
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v8i2.11639

Abstract

Ekstrak buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) dan ekstrak bawang putih (Allium sativum) diketahui mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol total darah dalam studi in vivo. Penambatan molekul dapat dilakukan dalam memprediksi senyawa yang bertanggung jawab berdasarkan nilai docking. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui zat aktif potensial dari H. polyrhizus dan A. sativum yang berperan penting dalam penurunan kadar kolesterol darah melalui jalur inhibisi enzim HMG-CoA reduktase dalam uji in silico. Reseptor yang digunakan adalah enzim HMG-CoA reduktase (PDB ID: 1HW9) dengan ligan natif simvastatin yang dipreparasi menggunakan YASARA. Struktur senyawa aktif sebanyak 19 senyawa dari buah H. polyrhizus 17 dari A. sativum digambar menggunakan MarvinSketch pada pH 7,4 dengan 10 bentuk konformasi. Proses penambatan molekul dilakukan menggunakan program PLANTS dan divisualisasi dengan Discovery Studio Visualizer. Ligan natif menunjukkan nilai RMSD sebesar 1,5265 Å dengan nilai docking -79,1320. Senyawa 4, dan 17 pada buah H. polyrhizus serta senyawa 36 pada A. sativum menunjukkan kedekatan relative dengan ligan natif lebih dari 95%. Senyawa ini diprediksi mampu menurunkan kadar kolesterol total darah dengan penghambatan enzim HMG-CoA reduktase secara penambatan molekul. Kata Kunci: Buah Naga Merah, Bawang Putih, Vitamin E, Antilipidemia, Kolesterol Total  The red dragon fruit extract (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and garlic extract (Allium sativum) are able to decrease the total blood cholesterol levels in in vivo study. The molecular docking can predict the responsible compound based on the docking value. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential active substances of H. polyrhizus and A. sativum which play an important role in reducing blood cholesterol levels through the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme inhibition pathway in the in silico study. The receptor in this study was the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase (PDB ID: 1HW9) with the native ligand simvastatin and prepared using YASARA. The structure of the active compound (19 compounds from H. polyrhizus and 17 compouns from A. sativum) were drawn using MarvinSketch at pH 7.4 with 10 conformations. The molecular docking process was carried out using the PLANTS program and visualized with the Discovery Studio Visualizer. The native ligand showed RMSD value of 1.5265 Å with a docking value of -79.1320. The compounds 4 and 17 in H. polyrhizus fruit and compounds 36 in A. sativum showed relative closeness with native ligands of more than 95% of the docking score. Based on molecular docking, these compounds are to be able to decrease the total blood cholesterol levels by inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme.
Kajian Literatur: Tinjauan Remdesivir sebagai Pilihan Terapi pada COVID–19 Wien Maryati Awdisma; Ulfa Syafli Nosa; Didik Hasmono; Nurmainah Nurmainah
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v8i2.11650

Abstract

Infeksi virus corona baru, pertama kali terdeteksi pada akhir Desember 2019, dengan jumlah kasus terkonfirmasi lebih dari 33 juta kasus dan lebih dari 900.000 kematian dilaporkan. Terdefinisi sebagai pandemi, dan belum ada “obat khusus” yang dianggap dapat mengatasinya. Salah satu pendekatan terapeutik yang sedang dievaluasi dalam berbagai uji klinis adalah saat ini adalah remdesivir,telah disetujui oleh Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM sebagai obat Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) sebagai opsi  penggunaan darurat Tujuan penulisan ini untuk memberikan gambaran tentang penemuan remdesivir, mekanisme aksi, dan penelitian terkini yang mengeksplorasi efektivitas klinisnya. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan pencarian sumber data PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct dan Cochrane hingga November 2020 dengan kata kombinasi kata kunci Convalescent Plasma”; “SARS-CoV-2”, Virus Corona dan dibatasi pada jurnal berbahasa Inggris. yang mengulas penemuan remdesivir, mekanisme kerja, farmakokinetik, farmakodinamik, dan efikasi uji klinis remdesivir dalam pengobatan pasien COVID-19. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa remdesivir memiliki efek klinis yang baik setelah 10 hari pengobatan pada pasien COVID-19.Kata Kunci: COVID-19, EUA, Remdesivir, SARS-CoV-2 The new coronavirus infection identified at the end of December 2019 and is receiving a lot of attention around the world. Globally, the number of confirmed cases has increased to more than 33 million cases and more than 900,000 deaths have been reported. This condition is defined as a pandemic situation, and so far no "special drug" is believed to be able to overcome it. One therapeutic approach currently being evaluated in various clinical studies is remdesivir. This drug is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (BPOM) as Emergency Medicine (EUA). This emergency option for remdesivir is considered a promising option for treating patients with COVID19. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of recent studies investigating the discovery of remdesivir, its mechanism of action, and its clinical efficacy. The survey method was conducted by searching the data sources of PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane until November 2020. Researchers limit literary studies to English journals. The results of 1000 articles searched that met the selection criteria were 10 articles examining the results of remdesivir, its mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and the efficacy of clinical remdesivir in the treatment of patients with COVID 19. The conclusion of this study is that remdesivir has a good clinical effect 10 days after treatment of patients with COVID19.
Evaluasi Kejadian Efek Samping pada Pasien Rheumatoid Arthritis yang Menggunakan DMARDs di Rumah Sakit di Banjarmasin Valentina Meta Srikartika; Khoerul Anwar; Amalia Amalia
Journal of Pharmascience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Pharmascience
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jps.v8i2.11681

Abstract

Rheumatoid Arthritis merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronis dengan pembengkakan, nyeri, dan kerusakan sendi. Obat yang digunakan pasien rheumatoid arthritis (RA) termasuk dalam Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatoid Drugs (DMARDs) yang dilaporkan menyebabkan berbagai efek samping. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kejadian efek samping dalam penggunaan DMARDs serta hubungan karakteristik pasien dan pola penggunaan DMARDs terhadap kejadian efek samping. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektive. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh pasien RA yang memenuhi kriteria yang berobat rawat jalan di poli sub spesialis Rheumatology pada salah satu Rumah Sakit di Banjarmasin. Pasien RA yang mengalami efek samping pada penggunaan DMARDs berjumlah 45 pasien (80,36%). Efek samping yang terbanyak pada pasien RA ialah alopesia yaitu sebesar 26 kejadian (23,21%) serta yang terkecil ialah diare 6 kejadian (5,36%) dan retinopati sebesar 6 kejadian (5,36%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin dengan kejadian alopesia (p-value  = 0,004), jenis obat dengan kejadian diare (p-value  = 0,003), dan lama pengobatan dengan kejadian ruam (p-value = 0,038). Berdasarkan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa mayoritas pasien rawat jalan RA yang menggunakan DMARDs mengalami berbagai efek samping dan terdapat hubungan antara karakteristik dengan kejadian efek samping tertentu. Kata Kunci: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatoid Drugs (DMARDs), Efek samping, Karakteristik pasien, Alopesia, Diare, Retinopati  Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory-disease characterized by joint’s swelling, pain, and damage. The drug used to treat patients with RA is categorised as Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatoid Drugs (DMARDs) that has been reported has various side-effects. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of side-effect DMARDs use and the relationship of patient characteristics and DMARDs use to the incidence of adverse events. This study used cross sectional study design with retrospective data collection. The population were all RA outpatients that met the criteria treated in the poly sub-specialist Rheumatology Hospital in Banjarmasin. RA patients experienced adverse events on the use of DMARDs were 45 patients (80,36%). Most adverse events in RA patients were alopecia 26 events (23,21%) and the smallest was diarrhea 6 events (5,36%) and retinopathy of 6 events (5,36%). There was significant relation between sex and alopecia occurrence (p-value = 0,004), drug type and diarrhea occurrence (p-value = 0,003), and duration of treatment and rash occurrence (p-value = 0,038). It can be concluded that the majority of RA outpatients who use DMARDs experienced various side-effects and there was significant relationship between patient characteristics and particular side-effects.

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