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DE JURE
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
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Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
de Jure adalah jurnal yang mengkaji permasalahan syariah dan hukum baik hasil penelitian atau artikel telaah. Terbit dua kali dalam setahun pada bulan Mei dan November. de Jure diterbitkan oleh unit Penelitian, Penerbitan dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Fakultas Syariah Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Penyunting menerima naskah yang belum pernah diterbitkan dalam media lain.
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Articles 318 Documents
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Bias Gender dalam Hukum Acara Perceraian di Indonesia: Latar Belakang, Dampak, dan Solusinya Ramadhita Ramadhita
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.15966

Abstract

Gender equality for women is an interesting issue in many countries. Various regulations are enacted to support the creation of gender equality between men and women in various fields, including in marriage. Nevertheless, there is still discrimination against women in the divorce procedural law in religious courts. The wife can file for divorce at the religious court according to her domicile if she does not leave the joint residence without the husband's permission. This article aims This article aims to describe the history of the causes of gender bias in divorce procedural law, its effects, and solutions. This article is based on doctrinal law research with a statutory, historical, and conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that gender bias in divorce procedural law in religious courts is the impact of political dynamics during the discussion of draft laws. As a result, there is gender inequality in religious court decisions. Divorce proposed by the wife can be excluded by the husband because it violates relative competence. The solution is that judges should use the principle of freedom as mandated by Law Number 48 of 2009 concerning Judicial Power. In addition, judges need to use a gender-based interpretation as mandated by the Indonesian Supreme Court Regulation Number 3 of 2017.Kesetaraan gender bagi perempuan menjadi salah satu isu menarik di berbagai negara. Berbagai regulasi diberlakukan untuk mendukung terciptanya kesetaraan gender antara laki-laki dan perempuan di berbagai bidang, termasuk dalam perkawinan. Meskipun demikian, masih ada diskriminasi terhadap perempuan dalam hukum acara perceraian di pengadilan agama. Istri dapat mengajukan perceraian di pengadilan agama sesuai dengan domisili jika tidak meninggalkan kediaman bersama tanpa izin suami. Artikel ini bertujuan Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan sejarah penyebab terjadinya bias gender dalam hukum acara perceraian, dampak, serta solusinya. Artikel ini berdasarkan penelitian hukum doctrinal dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, pendekatan kesejarahan, dan pendekatan konseptual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bias gender dalam hukum acara perceraian di pengadilan agama merupakan dampak dari dinamika politik pada saat pembahasan rancangan undan-undang. Dampaknya ada ketidakadilan gender dalam putusan pengadilan agama. Perceraian yang diajukan istri dapat dieksepsi oleh suami karena menyalahi kompetensi relative. Solusinya, hakim seyogyanya menggunakan asas kebebasan sebagaimana amanat Undang-Undang Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman. Selain itu, hakim perlu menggunakan interpretasi berbasis gender sebagaimana amanat Peraturan Mahkamah Agung RI Nomor 3 Tahun 2017.
Problematika Penanganan Gugatan Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum oleh Pemerintah (onrechtmatige overheidsdaad) pada Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara M. Aunul Hakim; Sheila Kusuma Wardani Amnesti
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.15833

Abstract

Abstract:Legal reform in the field of judicial power is the focus of the Judicial Power in the context of revamping the Indonesian judiciary. In the development of judicial power reform, one of which is the authority of the Administrative Court, as contained in the Supreme Court Regulation Number 2 of 2019 on Guidelines for the Settlement of Administrative Court that the object of the lawsuit for State Administrative disputes extends to matters relating to unlawful acts committed by government/onrechtmatige overheidsdaad (OOD). This research was conducted in order to analyze problems related to the implementation of Article 2 of the Supreme Court Regulation No 2/2019 related to unlawful acts committed by government. The research method used is normative research with a statutory approach and case approach. This article finds that factual actions of the government can be the factual actions of the government that can be the object of disputes for lawsuits against unlawful acts carried out by agency or government officials. Many decisions of unlawful acts carried out by government/onrechtmatige overheidsdaad (OOD) at the first level tend not to grant the lawsuit with the argument of different interpretations by the judge for the unlawful act.Keywords: Administrative Court; Onrechtmatige overheidsdaad; unlawful acts.Abstrak:Reformasi hukum dalam bidang kekuasaan kehakiman menjadi fokus Mahkamah Agung dalam rangka pembenahan lembaga yudikatif Indonesia tersebut. Dalam perkembangan reformasi kekuasaan kehakiman salah satunya yakni kewenangan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara, sebagaimana terdapat dalam Peraturan Mahkamah Agung No. 2/2019 tentang Pedoman Penyelesaian Sengketa Tata Usaha Negara bahwa obyek gugatan sengketa Tata Usaha Negara meluas pada hal yang berkaitan Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum yang dilakukan oleh Badan/Pejabat Pemerintah atau onrechtmatige overheidsdaad (OOD). Artikel ini mengalanisis problematika dalam implementasi Pasal 2 Perma No2/2019 terkait Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa Tindakan Faktual pemerintah dapat menjadi objek sengketa Gugatan Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum yang dilakukan oleh Badan/Pejabat Pemerintah. Banyak putusan dari Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum yang dilakukan oleh Badan/Pejabat Pemerintah (onrechtmatige overheidsdaad) pada tingkat pertama cenderung tidak mengabulkan gugatan dengan dalil penafsiran berbeda-beda oleh hakim atas tindakan perbuatan melanggar hukum tersebut. Kata Kunci: Onrechtmatige overheidsdaad; Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum; PTUN
Kedudukan Metode al-Qāfah Dalam Penetapan Nasab Anak Menurut Ulama Perspektif Maqashid al-Syariah Agustin Hanapi; Imanuddin Imanuddin; Khairuddin Hasballah
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.15875

Abstract

Abstract:This study attempts to identify the position of Qāfah method in determining the child's lineage based on the scholars’ perspective using a qualitative approach through descriptive analysis. The results show that the al-qāfahmethod is important in Islam, particularly in certain cases of denial or claims against children. It is because not all people are willing to do a DNA test due to its complicated mechanism and unpreparedness of the parents to admit the child when the DNA test proves positive. Sholars’ views on the position of the al-qāfahmethod in determining the child’ lineage are varied. First, Hanafiyyah scholars absolutely reject this method because it prioritizes the theory of li'an law when the husband denies the lineage of his child. Second, most other scholars (Maliki, Shafi'i, Hambali, Al-Zahiri, and Al-Auza'i) accept the method by referring to Umar’s decision of engaging lineage experts (qā'if) in determining the child claims. Third, the Zahiri school believes that al-qāfah method can be used as a benchmark in determining the case of lineage and atsar (tracing the traces). The last, Ibn Qayyim considers that al-qāfahmethod as one of the laws established by the Prophet Muhammad.Keywords: Al-Qafah; fiqh; child’s lineage.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kedudukan metode al-qāfah dalam menetapkan nasab anak menurut ulama dan perspektif maqasid syariah melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan cara dekriptif-analisis. Data diperoleh dengan cara mencari literatur yang berkaitan dengan pokok permasalahan kemudian dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif analitik, metode komparatif, dan metode analisis konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa ulama fikih termasuk di antaranya jumhur ulama menyepakati metode al-qāfah sebagai cara untuk menetapkan nasab anak dengan merujuk tindakan Umar yang menghadirkan ahli nasab (qā’if) dalam perkara sengketa klaim anak. Juga mazhab Zahiri yang mengatakan bahwa al-qāfah dapat dijadikan patokan dalam putusan perihal nasab dan atsar (menelusuri jejak), serta Ibnu Qayyim yang meyakini al-qāfah menjadi salah satu di antara hukum yang ditetapkan Rasulullah SAW). Dalam perspektif maqasid syariah metode al-qāfah penting dilakukan terutama pada kasus pengingkaran atau klaim terhadap anak, lantaran tidak semua masyarakat bersedia melakukan tes DNA karena biaya yang mahal, mekanisme yang rumit juga ketidaksiapan untuk mengakui seandainya diketahui bahwa itu adalah anaknya.Kata Kunci: Al-Qafah; fikih; nasab anak.
Penerapan Prinsip Aut Dedere Aut Judicare Terhadap Pelaku Cybercrime Lintas Negara Melalui Ratifikasi Budapest Convention Ermanto Fahamsyah; Vicko Taniady; Kania Venisa Rachim; Novi Wahyu Riwayanti
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.15731

Abstract

Abstract: The presence of cybercrime in Indonesia is challenging to handle, especially for cybercrime actors who come from across countries. This study aims to examine the problem of taking global cybercriminals and examine solutions to applying the Aut Dedere Aut Judicare principle through the ratification of the Budapest Convention. The research method used in this study is normative legal research with a regulatory approach, cases, and comparative analysis. The study results indicate that Indonesia does not yet have a special regulation regulating cybercrimes; however, two rules cover cybercrimes offences, namely, the Criminal Code and the ITE Law. However, these two regulations can still not deal with transnational cybercriminals specifically for fun issues. Therefore, applying the Aut Dedere Aut Judicare principle through the Budapest Convention ratification becomes urgent for implementation. The Aut Dedere Aut Judicare principle states that every country will understand with other countries to arrest, prosecute and prosecute perpetrators of international crimes. So it is necessary to ratify the Budapest Convention as a legal basis to apply the Aut Dedere Aut Judicare principle.Keywords: Aut Dedere Aut Judicare; Budapest Convention; Cybercrime Perpetrators; Cross Country. Abstrak: Kehadiran cybercrime di Indonesia sangat sulit ditangani terkhusus bagi pelaku cybercrime yang berasal dari lintas negara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji problematika penanganan bagi pelaku cybercrime lintas negara, serta mengkaji solusi penerapan prinsip Aut Dedere Aut Judicare melalui upaya ratifikasi Budapest Convention. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dalam penelitian ini, penelitian hukum normatif, dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, kasus, serta analisis komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia hingga saat ini belum memiliki pengaturan khusus yang mengatur cybercrime, namun demikian terdapat dua peraturan yang mencakup delik cybercrime yakni, KUHP dan UU ITE. Namun demikian, dua peraturan tersebut masih belum bisa menangani para pelaku cybercrime lintas negara terkhusus permasalahan yurisdiksi. Oleh karena itu, penerapan prinsip Aut Dedere Aut Judicare melalui ratifikasi Budapest Convention menjadi urgensi yang harus dilakukan. Prinsip Aut Dedere Aut Judicare menyatakan setiap negara akan bekerjasama bersama negara lain untuk menangkap, menuntut, dan mengadili para pelaku kejahatan internasional. Sehingga perlu upaya ratifikasi Budapest Convention sebagai dasar hukum untuk menerapkan prinsip Aut Dedere Aut Judicare. Kata Kunci: Aut Dedere Aut Judicare; Budapest Convention; Pelaku Cybercrime; Lintas Negara.
Syahadah Rukyatulhilal Using Astro Digital Imaging: From Subjectivity to Objectivity Ahmad Junaidi
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.15062

Abstract

Abstract:The process of determining the beginning of the lunar month based on syahadah rukyatulhilal often contains an element of subjectivity to witnesses which can only be confirmed by oath before a judge. Technological developments are expected to increase the objectivity of the process of syahadah rukyatulhilal by attaching the hilal image generated from Astro digital imaging. This study explains the importance of a new rukyatulhilal model based on digital data as witness reinforcement in the process of syahadah rukyatulhilal. By using a scientific and a fiqhiyah approach, research shows that developing a digital data-based rukyatulhilal model is significant in avoiding the subjectivity of the process and its results. This is following the spirit exemplified by the Prophet and the fuqaha' in accepting rukyatulhilal testimony by avoiding things that raise doubts. Using image evidence from astro digital imaging to corroborate rukyatulhilal's testimony does not violate fiqh, even the status of image as evidence is the same as witness status.Keywords: astro digital imaging; image processing; syahadah rukyatulhilal.Abstrak:Proses penentuan awal bulan qamariah yang didasarkan syahadah rukyatulhilal sering kali mengandung unsur subjektifitas pada saksi yang  hanya bisa dikonfirmasi dengan sumpah di depan hakim. Perkembangan teknologi diharapkan bisa meningkatkan objektifitas proses syahadah rukyatulhilal dengan lampiran citra hilal yang dihasilkan dari astro digital imaging (pencitraan digital pada objek astronomi). Penelitian ini memaparkan pentingnya model baru rukyatulhilal yang berbasis data digitalsebagai penguat saksi dalam proses syahadah rukyatulhilal. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sains dan pendekatan fiqhiyah, penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan model rukyatulhilal yang berbasis data digital sangat penting dilakukan dalam rangka menepis subjektifitas proses dan hasilnya. Hal ini sesuai dengan semangat yang dicontohkan oleh Nabi dan fuqaha’ dalam menerima kesaksian rukyatulhilal dengan menghindari hal-hal yang menimbulkan keraguan. Penggunaan bukti citra dari astro digital imaginguntuk menguatkan kesaksian rukyatulhilal tidak menyalahi fikih, bahkan status bukti citra itu sama dengan status saksi.Kata Kunci: astro digital imaging; image processing; syahadah rukyatulhilal
Strategi Penanggulangan Perkawinan Anak Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 22/PUU-XV/2017 Perspektif Teori Maslahah Erfaniah Zuhriah; Imam Sukadi
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.16076

Abstract

Abstract: This strategy to overcome child marriage in Malang Regency is important because the number of child marriages is increasing. This research was conducted in a sociological juridical manner located at the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (DP3A) Malang Regency and at the Malang Regency Religious Office. Data were collected by interview method and analyzed by content analysis. From the research conducted, it can be concluded that the Constitutional Court's Decision No. 22/PUU-XV/2017 which was followed up by Law no. 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage, which raised the marriage age limit for women from 16 years to 19 years, especially in Malang Regency, has not succeeded in solving the problem and has caused its own probematics, namely the number of applications for marriage dispensation to the Malang Regency Religious Court is increasing. The strategy taken in tackling child marriage from the perspective of the masahah theory is by socializing marriage maturity through madrasas, conducting marriage guidance in each District KUA, Establishing a Counseling Information Center (PIK) as an effort to reproductive health, Providing kid genre props, Formation of human beings genre and genre ambassadors, and dissemination of reproductive health education. Another strategy is to empower the role of the family through parental supervision, as well as improve the quality of formal education for students.Keywords: child marriage; maslahah; health education.   Abstrak: Strategi penanggulangan perkawinan anak di Kabupaten Malang ini penting dilakukan karena perkawinan anak semakin bertambahnya jumlahnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara yuridis sosiologis yang berlokasi di Kantor Dinas Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak (DP3A) Kabupaten Malang dan di Kantor Agama Kabupaten Malang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara dan menganalisisnya dengan content Analisys. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan di dapat bahwa Putusan MK No. 22/PUU-XV/2017 yang ditindak lanjutin dengan UU No. 16 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan UU No. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, yang menaikkan batas usia perkawinan bagi perempuan yang semula 16 tahun menjadi 19 tahun khususnya di Kabupaten Malang belum berhasil menyelesaikan masalah dan menimbulkan probematika tersendiri, yaitu jumlah permohonan dispensasi nikah ke Pengadilan Agama Kabupaten Malang semakin bertambah banyak. Strategi yang dilakukan dalam menanggulangi perkawinan anak perspektif teori masahah adalah dengan dengan melakukan sosialisasi pendewasaan perkawinan lewat madrasah, melakukan bimbingan perkawinan di masing-masing KUA Kecamatan, Pembentukan Pusat Informasi Konseling (PIK) sebagai upaya kesehatan reproduksi, Pemberian alat peraga genre kid, Pembentukan insan genre dan duta genre, dan sosialisasi penyuluhan kesehatan reproduksi. Strategi lainnya yang dilakukan adalah dengan pemberdayaan peran keluarga melalui pengawasan orang tua, serta peningkatan kualitas pendidikan formal bagi peserta didik.Kata Kunci: perkawinan anak; maslahah; pendidikan kesehatan.
Pilihan Desain Penyelesaian Sengketa Kewenangan Lembaga Negara Ahmad Siboy
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.12736

Abstract

Abstract: State institutions were established in order to support the work of the state and government in providing services to the people. Each State institution must be in a unidirectional, synergic, and solid working rhythm. However, in practice, each state institution is fighting for authority between one institution and another. This research is based on the formulation of what causes the Dispute of Authority of State institutions and how the design or pattern of resolution is. This study aims to analyze the root causes of disputes over state institutions' authority and find the design for their resolution. Design in dispute resolution is an important effort to find and formulate ways to end disputes between the parties, such as mediation, reconciliation, negotiation, or through the competent court, for that matter. This type of juridical-normative research is the type of research used in this study. The results showed that conflicts of authority between state institutions occurred due to non-explicit arrangements regarding the position and authority of State institutions. There were no institutions that mediated when conflicts occurred and the sectoral ego of each institution. The settlement design and pattern that can provide legal certainty and protection for every State institution is the settlement through the formation of a particular institution or authority to an already established State institution. With a note that the institution that will judge is not included in the object of the dispute.Keywords: state institutions; dispute; authority.Abstrak: Lembaga Negara didirikan dalam rangka untuk menunjang kerja kenegaraan dan pemerintahan dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada rakyat. Tiap lembaga Negara harus berada dalam irama kerja yang searah, sinergis dan solid. Namun dalam prakteknya, masing-masing lembaga negara justru berebut kewenangan antara lembaga yang satu dengan yang lainnya. Penelitian ini berpijak pada rumusan masalah tentang apa penyebab terjadinya Sengketa Kewenangan lembaga Negara dan bagaimana desain atau pola penyelesaiannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis akar terjadinya Sengketa Kewenangan Lembaga Negara serta menemukan desain penyelesaiannya. Desain dalam penyelesaian sengketa menjadi upaya penting untuk mencari dan merumuskan cara-cara mengakhiri sengketa yang timbul diantara para pihak, seperti mediasi, rekonsiliasi, negosiasi, ataupun melalui pengadilan yang berwenang untuk itu. Jenis penelitian yuridis-normatif merupakan jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik kewenangan antar lembaga negara terjadi karena pengaturan tentang kedudukan dan kewenangan lembaga Negara yang tidak eksplisit, tidak terdapat lembaga yang memediasi ketika terjadi konflik serta ego sektoral masing-masing lembaga. Desain dan pola penyelesaian yang dapat memberikan kepastian dan perlindungan hukum yang adil bagi setiap lembaga Negara ialah penyelesaian melalui pembentukan lembaga khusus atau penambahan kewenangan pada lembaga Negara yang sudah terbentuk dengan catatan bahwa lembaga yang akan mengadili tidak termasuk dalam objek sengketa.Kata Kunci: lembaga negara; sengketa; kewenangan.
The Implementation of Omnibus Law in Indonesia Law Making Process on Philosophy Review Putu Eva Ditayani Antari
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.15757

Abstract

The omnibus law is a method of law-making in Indonesia that began to be applied when the creation of the Job Creation Act was established. The adaptation of this method is controversial because in addition to aiming to simplify Indonesian regulations, it also violates the provisions of the formation of laws regulated in the law. The implementation of this omnibus law is the focus of research studies that lead to discourses based on schools of legal philosophy, especially the Positivism and Legal Realism schools which lead to contradictory conclusions. In order to answer this question, a juridical literature research will be carried out based on an understanding of the various schools of law based on philosophy, using primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The results of the study conclude that legal positivism requires omnibus law to be stipulated in law as a method of law formation before it is implemented, so that it can provide legitimacy to its position in Indonesian legislation. Meanwhile, legal realism views that the presence of omnibus law is the will of the community and must be responded to in a responsive manner to overcome the excess regulations that occur in Indonesia and tend to overlap.
Dysfunction of Muslim’s Public Resource: A Study of Waqf Land Disorganization in Indonesia Sudirman Sudirman; Irwan Abdullah; Saifuddin Zuhri Qudsy; Fakhruddin Fakhruddin; Syabbul Bachri
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.16240

Abstract

Abstract:Waqf land (donated land) is a property for people’s welfare that has not been remarkably managed in Indonesia. Poor administration and regulation of the waqf system cause dysfunction of this Muslim's most extensive resource. The waqf studies usually focus on issues around the misuse of waqf land, the swapping of waqf land, or the strategy for managing productive waqf land. Research on the disorganization of the waqf land remains unnoticed by researchers. This study complements previous writings' shortcomings by examining the patterns of waqf land disorganization and its consequences for the Muslims, including the waqf's low productivity, the waqf land position as a disputed source, and the waqf land as a lost-risk Muslim property. This study is empirical waqf research with interviews as the primary data and documents from online news website sources as the secondary data. This study indicates that the disorganization of waqf land is not only due to the absence of an administrative system and a lack of institutional commitment to waqf management. It is also rooted in Muslims' cosmological structure, who believe that waqf is the doer's afterlife savings. This belief resulted in the neglect of the waqf administration process, which led to the dysfunction of the community's resources. This study suggests further research on the contemporary waqf with its variants and waqf's practice from the doers’ and the managers' perspective to more comprehensively portray the problem of waqf land disorganization.Keywords: resource dysfunction; disorganization; waqf land; nazhir.Abstrak:Wakaf merupakan properti sumber kesejahteraan umat yang belum dikelola secara serius. Sistem administrasi dan regulasi wakaf yang buruk menyebabkan disfungsi sumber daya terbesar umat. Sejauh ini kajian wakaf terfokus pada isu sekitar penyalahgunaan tanah wakaf,  tukar-guling tanah wakaf, atau strategi pengelolaan tanah wakaf produktif. Kajian seputar disorganisasi tanah wakaf masih luput dari perhatian para peneliti. Studi ini melengkapi kekurangan pelbagai tulisan terdahulu dengan mengkaji secara rinci pola disorganisasi tanah wakaf dan akibatnya bagi umat meliputi produktifitas wakaf yang masih dinilai rendah, posisi tanah wakaf sebagai sumber sengketa, dan tanah wakaf sebagai muslim property yang berisiko hilang. Kajian ini termasuk studi  wakaf empiris dengan data primer dalam bentuk wawancara dan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui dokumen dari sumber website berita online. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa disorganisasi tanah wakaf bukan hanya tidak tersedianya sistem administrasi dan rendahnya komitmen kelembagaan dalam pengelolaan wakaf, namun ternyata mengakar dalam sistem kosmologi kaum muslim yang meyakini wakaf sebagai  tabungan akherat bagi wakif. Hal ini mengakibatkan pengabaian proses administrasi wakaf yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan disfungsi sumberdaya umat. Studi ini menyarankan penelitian lanjutan tentang wakaf kontemporer dengan berbagai variannya dan praktik wakaf perspektif wakif-nazhir untuk memotret problem disorganisasi tanah wakaf secara lebih komprehensif.Kata Kunci: Disfungsi sumber daya; disorganisasi; wakaf tanah; nazhir.
Philosophical Basis of Various Polygynous Requirements: Comparative Study of Family Law’s Philosophy in Asia and Africa Lia Noviana; Asep Awaludin
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i2.18330

Abstract

Polygyny is one of the objects to reform Islamic family law in modern Muslim countries. In addition to meeting the demands of the times, the renewal of polygyny regulations also aims to improve the position and protect women's rights. Most modern Muslim countries have renewed polygyny regulations by limiting and prohibiting polygyny accompanied by criminalization. This study utilizes a comparative descriptive method to compare the polygynous requirements in Indonesia, Morocco, Tunisia, Somalia, Turkey, and Pakistan from the perspective of the philosophy of Islamic law. The research findings show that the categorization of polygyny regulations in modern Muslim countries consists of: absolute prohibition of polygyny, permissibility with strict conditions, permissibility with weak conditions, obligation to seek court permission, and criminalization of polygyny. There are two main elements required for polygyny in modern Muslim countries: an internal element in the form of the condition of husband and wife and an external component in the form of the role of the court institution in granting polygyny permits. Thus, the philosophical basis of these differences is mostly caused by the diversity of Madhabs in each country that aimed to maintain their people’s prosperity and to renew Islamic family law which brings a contemporary spirit especially the embodiment of equality and increase in the position of women

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