Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Pro Kontra â€˜Aul Dalam Kewarisan Islam: Studi Komparatif Antara Pandangan Sunni dan Syiah Bachri, Syabbul
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Kewarisan mendapat perhatian yang besar dalam Islam karena adanya ayat-ayat dalam al-Quran yang secara terperinci menjelaskan konsep dasar kewarisan. Meskipun demikian, terdapat beberapa permasalahan yang kemudian muncul dan tidak ditemukan cara penyelesaiannya dalam al-Quran dan Hadits. Oleh karena itu, ulama mengambil jalan ijtihad untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut. Diantara permasalahan tersebut adalah masalah kelebihan bagian waris atau kekurangan harta waris untuk dibagikan kepada ahliwaris sesuai dengan fard. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana ulamaâ€™ Sunni dan Syiah menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut serta menjelaskan apa yang melatarbelakangi pandangan dari keduanya. Studi ini merupakan kajian normatif komparatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data primer diambil dari buku-buku referensi Sunni dan Syiah. Sedangkan data sekunder berasal dari artikel-artikel jurnal dan buku-buku terkait dengan topik pembahasan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Sunni menyelesaikan kasus kekurangan harta dengan caraâ€˜aul dengan mengurangi porsi bagian ahliwaris secara merata. Sedangkan Syiah menentang konsep tersebut dengan alasan kemustahilan bagi Allah untuk menentukan bagian fard ahliwaris untuk harta yang tidak mencukupi bagian fard tersebut.Inheritance receives great attention in Islam due to the existence of verses in the Koran which explains in detail the basic concept of it. Nevertheless, there are several problems which arise and aren't found ways to resolve them in the Koran and Hadith. Therefore, scholars took independent reasons (ijtihad) to solve the problems. Among these problems is the problem of excess portion of inheritance or lack of inheritance to be distributed to the heirs according to fard (Koranic portion). The purpose of this study is to explain how Sunni and Shi'a scholars solve the problem and explain what lies behind the views of both. This study is a comparative normative one with a qualitative approach. Primary data is taken from Sunnite and Shiite books. While secondary data comes from journal articles and books related to the topic of discussion. The results of the study showed that Sunniite resolved cases of property shortages by means of â€˜aul that is by reducing the portion of the heirs equally. Whereas the Shiites opposed the concept with the excuse of the impossibility for Allah to determine fard to the heirs for assets that did not cover the portions.

REVITALIZING PRODUCTIVE ZAKAT IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA IN EAST JAVA Sudirman, Sudirman; Ramadhita, Ramadhita; Bachri, Syabbul
Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah Vol 12, No 2 (2021): Jurisdictie
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j.v12i2.14089

COVID-19 has brought significant changes in peopleâ€™s lives, especially in the economic sector. As a financial tool for the people, Zakat is expected to be a source of community welfare in the pandemic era. Well-managed zakat is expected to be able to provide jobs for the affected community. This article aims to describe the revitalization of productive zakat in zakat management institutions in East Java during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a juridical-empirical research. The studyâ€™s primary data were the results of semi-structured interviews with the Zakat Managers at BAZNAS East Java, Nurul Hayat Malang, and YDSF Malang. This study indicates that the mentioned zakat institutions have distributed zakat productively, although it has not run optimally. The problems include the lack of understanding and assistance, as well as the less varied productive zakat program. This will be easily overcome by managing productive zakat professionally involving partner institutions that are consistent in mentoring and development. This article may enrich the literature of productive zakat management and provide some recommendations to implement the zakat management more effective.COVID-19 membawa perubahan signifikan dalam kehidupan masyarakat, khususnya di sektor ekonomi. Zakat sebagai piranti keuangan umat diharapkan mampu menjadi sumber kesejahteraan masyarakat di era pandemi. Zakat yang dikelola secara produktif diharapkan mampu menyediakan lapangan pekerjaan bagi masyarakat yang terdampak. Artikel ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan revitalisasi zakat produktif di institusi pengelola zakat di Jawa Timur pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Artikel ini berdasarkan hasil penelitian yuridis-empiris. Data primerÂ penelitian adalah hasil wawancara dengan para manajer zakat di BAZNAS Jawa Timur, Nurul Hayat Malang, and YDSF Malang. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa lembaga zakat yang disebutkan telah mendistribusikan zakat secara produktif, meskipun belum berjalan secara maksimal. Persoalan yang dihadapi antara lain adalah lemahnya pemahaman dan rendahnya pendampingan, serta program zakat produktif yang kurang variatif. Hal tersebut akan mudah diatasi dengan pengelolaan zakat produktif secara profesional yang melibatkan lembaga mitra yang konsisten dalam pendampingan dan pengembangan. Artikel ini dapat memperkaya literatur pengelolaan zakat produktif dan memberikan beberapa rekomendasi untuk melaksanakan pengelolaan zakat secara lebih efektif.

Teknik Pembagian Waris Dengan Menggunakan Asal Masalah 24 dan Tabel Waris Syabbul Bachri
Al-Mashlahah: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Vol 8, No 01 (2020): Al-Mashlahah: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Pranata Sosial Islam
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Al Hidayah Bogor

Islam mengharuskan peralihan harta dari si mati atau pewaris kepada ahli warisnnya sesuai dengan hukum Allah yang tertuang dalam teks Alquran dan Hadis. Ketentuan kewarisan yang bersumber dari teks-teks suci tersebut dirumuskan oleh ulama dalam suatu ilmu pengetahuan yang disebut ilmu farâiḍ atau ilmu mawârits. Terlepas dari perintah dan dorongan yang diberikan untuk mempelajari ilmu kewarisan, disiplin ilmu ini kurang diminati, bahkan ilmu tersebut dianggap sulit dipelajari apalagi untuk dilaksanakan. Faktor yang menjadikan ilmu tersebut sulit diantaranya adalah mengenai teknis penentuan asal masalah dan penentuan bagian masing-masing ahli waris. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghilangkan hambatan-hambatan tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual. Data primer diambil dari referensi kitab kewarisan Islam khususnya kewarisan Sunni sementara data sekunder berasal dari artikel jurnal dan buku terkait dengan kajian penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan tabel waris kesulitan penentuan bagian ahli waris dapat diatasi secara mudah tanpa harus membaca diberbagai bab yang dijelaskan secara terpisah dalam kitab farâiḍ. Sementara itu, penentuan asal masalah dapat dilakukan dengan mudah dengan menggunakan sistem asal masalah 24 untuk semua kewarisan tapa harus berpikir panjang apakah akan menggunakan cara al-tamâtsul, al-tadâkhul, al-tawâfuq, atau al-tabâyun.

Dysfunction of Muslim’s Public Resource: A Study of Waqf Land Disorganization in Indonesia Sudirman Sudirman; Irwan Abdullah; Saifuddin Zuhri Qudsy; Fakhruddin Fakhruddin; Syabbul Bachri
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 14, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v14i1.16240

Abstract:Waqf land (donated land) is a property for people’s welfare that has not been remarkably managed in Indonesia. Poor administration and regulation of the waqf system cause dysfunction of this Muslim's most extensive resource. The waqf studies usually focus on issues around the misuse of waqf land, the swapping of waqf land, or the strategy for managing productive waqf land. Research on the disorganization of the waqf land remains unnoticed by researchers. This study complements previous writings' shortcomings by examining the patterns of waqf land disorganization and its consequences for the Muslims, including the waqf's low productivity, the waqf land position as a disputed source, and the waqf land as a lost-risk Muslim property. This study is empirical waqf research with interviews as the primary data and documents from online news website sources as the secondary data. This study indicates that the disorganization of waqf land is not only due to the absence of an administrative system and a lack of institutional commitment to waqf management. It is also rooted in Muslims' cosmological structure, who believe that waqf is the doer's afterlife savings. This belief resulted in the neglect of the waqf administration process, which led to the dysfunction of the community's resources. This study suggests further research on the contemporary waqf with its variants and waqf's practice from the doers’ and the managers' perspective to more comprehensively portray the problem of waqf land disorganization.Keywords: resource dysfunction; disorganization; waqf land; nazhir.Abstrak:Wakaf merupakan properti sumber kesejahteraan umat yang belum dikelola secara serius. Sistem administrasi dan regulasi wakaf yang buruk menyebabkan disfungsi sumber daya terbesar umat. Sejauh ini kajian wakaf terfokus pada isu sekitar penyalahgunaan tanah wakaf, tukar-guling tanah wakaf, atau strategi pengelolaan tanah wakaf produktif. Kajian seputar disorganisasi tanah wakaf masih luput dari perhatian para peneliti. Studi ini melengkapi kekurangan pelbagai tulisan terdahulu dengan mengkaji secara rinci pola disorganisasi tanah wakaf dan akibatnya bagi umat meliputi produktifitas wakaf yang masih dinilai rendah, posisi tanah wakaf sebagai sumber sengketa, dan tanah wakaf sebagai muslim property yang berisiko hilang. Kajian ini termasuk studi wakaf empiris dengan data primer dalam bentuk wawancara dan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui dokumen dari sumber website berita online. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa disorganisasi tanah wakaf bukan hanya tidak tersedianya sistem administrasi dan rendahnya komitmen kelembagaan dalam pengelolaan wakaf, namun ternyata mengakar dalam sistem kosmologi kaum muslim yang meyakini wakaf sebagai tabungan akherat bagi wakif. Hal ini mengakibatkan pengabaian proses administrasi wakaf yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan disfungsi sumberdaya umat. Studi ini menyarankan penelitian lanjutan tentang wakaf kontemporer dengan berbagai variannya dan praktik wakaf perspektif wakif-nazhir untuk memotret problem disorganisasi tanah wakaf secara lebih komprehensif.Kata Kunci: Disfungsi sumber daya; disorganisasi; wakaf tanah; nazhir.

PESANTREN TANGGUH AS MODERATE ISLAMIC EDUCATION INSTITUTION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC Rosidin Rosidin; Syabbul Bachri; Masyithah Mardhatillah; Akhmad Nurul Kawakip; Handoko Ja’far
Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion Vol 7, No 1 (2022): Analisa Journal of Social Science and Religion
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/analisa.v7i1.1639

The Covid-19 pandemic divides the attitudes of pesantren residents into three categories: very strict, very loose and moderate (tawassut). This moderate attitude is found in Pesma Al-Hikam and Pesantren Sabilurrosyad in Malang City. This article uses a qualitative approach, then analyzed from the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu’s capital theory. The purpose is to describe how the attitudes, mindset, and residents’ behavior of Pesantren Tangguh related to symbolic, cultural, social, and economic modalities, to control the pandemic crisis. The findings of this article are Pesma Al-Hikam and Pesantren Sabilurrosyad as Pesantren Tangguh are representations of moderate Islamic educational institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of Bourdieu’s capital theory. First, the nationalist-religious; adaptive and inclusive; and philosophical-rational character in terms of symbolic capital. Second, the theological view that combines destiny and endeavors harmoniously; an elastic and comparative view of Islamic law; and Sufistic behavior that combines ritual and social worship in terms of cultural capital. Third, the behaviour of pesantren residents who remain active in carrying out activities at the pesantren but are disciplined in complying with health protocols in terms of social capital. Fourth, the economic independence of the pesantren in fulfilling the needs and social assistance to the peripheral community in terms of economic capital. In summary, the residents of Pesantren Tangguh show moderate character in aspects of attitude, mindset, and behavior related to symbolic, cultural, social, and economic modalities, enabling the pesantren residents to be able to control the Covid-19 pandemic crisis well.

PESANTREN TANGGUH AS MODERATE ISLAMIC EDUCATION INSTITUTION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC Rosidin Rosidin; Syabbul Bachri; Masyithah Mardhatillah; Akhmad Nurul Kawakip; Handoko Ja’far
Analisa: Journal of Social Science and Religion Vol 7, No 1 (2022): Analisa Journal of Social Science and Religion
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

The Covid-19 pandemic divides the attitudes of pesantren residents into three categories: very strict, very loose and moderate (tawassut). This moderate attitude is found in Pesma Al-Hikam and Pesantren Sabilurrosyad in Malang City. This article uses a qualitative approach, then analyzed from the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu’s capital theory. The purpose is to describe how the attitudes, mindset, and residents’ behavior of Pesantren Tangguh related to symbolic, cultural, social, and economic modalities, to control the pandemic crisis. The findings of this article are Pesma Al-Hikam and Pesantren Sabilurrosyad as Pesantren Tangguh are representations of moderate Islamic educational institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic in terms of Bourdieu’s capital theory. First, the nationalist-religious; adaptive and inclusive; and philosophical-rational character in terms of symbolic capital. Second, the theological view that combines destiny and endeavors harmoniously; an elastic and comparative view of Islamic law; and Sufistic behavior that combines ritual and social worship in terms of cultural capital. Third, the behaviour of pesantren residents who remain active in carrying out activities at the pesantren but are disciplined in complying with health protocols in terms of social capital. Fourth, the economic independence of the pesantren in fulfilling the needs and social assistance to the peripheral community in terms of economic capital. In summary, the residents of Pesantren Tangguh show moderate character in aspects of attitude, mindset, and behavior related to symbolic, cultural, social, and economic modalities, enabling the pesantren residents to be able to control the Covid-19 pandemic crisis well.

Perbandingan Penerapan Konsep Kalalah dalam Pemikiran Hukum Waris Islam Syabbul Bachri
JURNAL AT-TURAS Vol 9, No 1 (2022): Mu'amalah dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/at-turas.v9i1.3650

This study aims to comprehensively describe the thoughts associated with the concept of kalalah in Islamic inheritance and compare the application of the concept. This study is a type of normative juridical research with conceptual and comparative approaches. The results showed that brothers/sisters can only inherit property if the heir dies in a state of kalalah. Kalalah is defined as a person who dies without children and parents, except for Hazairin who states that he has no children or descendants. Differences related to the concept of kalalah are not only related to the definition of children and parents but also to the understanding of brothers/sisters. Jumhur ulama of Sunnite, Shia, and Islamic Law compilation (ILC) classify brothers/sisters into full, uterine, and consanguine ones. Meanwhile, Hazairin and Syahrur only mentioned relatives in general without classifying the types of brothers. Jumhur ulama in relation to uterine brothers, children are defined as son and daughter. While the parents are defined as the father and paternal grandfather. Furthermore, in relation to the share of full and consanguine brothers, the child is defined as the son, and the parent is defined as a father. ILC stipulates that children (boys/girls), and father exclude all types of brothers to inherit. For Shiah, brothers/sisters can be hindered by children in general, father and mother. According to Hazairin, only children and their descendants can hinder the brothers. Meanwhile, Syahrur determines that brothers/sisters can be hindered by children and descendants hls. and parents hhs.

Critical Study of Amina Wadud's Thought in the Issue of Inheritance Fauzan Zenrif; Syabbul Bachri
De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syari'ah Vol 15, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Shariah Faculty UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/j-fsh.v15i1.22217

This study aims to examine the main arguments presented by Amina Wadud on inheritance in her book "Quran and Women" and evaluate the validity of her arguments. The scope of this research will include an analysis of Wadud's method of interpreting the Quran as outlined in the book Quran and Women which influenced her thoughts on Islamic inheritance and a critical study of her thoughts. This research is a type of qualitative research with a critical study approach. The results of the study show that a critical study of Wadud's thinking shows that she generalizes the 2:1 provision on the shares of men and women which actually only applies in certain cases. In addition, Wadud's demands for reinterpretation cannot be done without adequate interpretive science tools. Science explains that justice need not be interpreted as equality. There are two categories of justice, according to Aristotle: commutative justice and distributive justice. So that there can be no justification for questioning the Quran's just inheritance allocation. Furthermore, the provisions in the inheritance verse in the Quran are qath'i provisions so there is no justification for doing ijtihad which is presumptive (dzanny) in a reassuring text (qath'i). In addition, Wadud's thoughts are also considered less specific and do not provide a real format for how the redistribution she proposes. Therefore, Wadud's rereading in terms of inheritance is considered incomplete or incomprehensive of the Qur'an.

Judges’ Ratio Decidendi to Accept and Reject Interfaith Marriage in The Perspective of Indonesian Positive Law Elmira Qurrota A'yunina A'yunina; Syabbul Bachri
Jurnal Hukum Prasada Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Hukum Prasada
Publisher : Magister of Law, Post Graduate Program, Universitas Warmadewa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22225/jhp.10.2.2023.112-122

The existence of interfaith marriages in Indonesia does not yet have regulations that clearly regulate its implementation. This causes differences in decisions given by judges in each case. Ratio decidendi is a reason or argument used by judges to give a decision in a case that is always based on applicable laws and regulations. In addition to the absence of regulations that regulate exactly the implementation of interfaith marriages, the difference of opinion given by the judges in decisions related to the implementation of interfaith marriages makes people even more confused about the legality of implementing interfaith marriages in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ratio decidendi of judges in each decision, whether from a decision to reject or grant a decision, as well as to analyze the perspective of Indonesian positive law regarding the implementation of interfaith marriages. This study uses a type of normative juridical research that uses a case approach and a comparative approach. The results of this study in general are that actually interfaith marriage cannot be justified in its implementation, because there are several laws that actually regulate marriages carried out by two people who have different religions and beliefs.

The Kembar Manten in Java Majapahit Wedding Traditions in Mojokerto: Perspectives on Natural Law and Anthropology of Islamic Law Hidayah, Khoirul; Syarifah, Umaiyatus; Muhammad, Muhammad; Bachri, Syabbul; Roibin, Roibin
Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/sjhk.v8i2.19611

Majapahit Java has customary law, namely rules prohibiting "kembar manten" marriages, namely two bride and groom couples marrying at the same time, and the walimah party is held together with the symbol 'kuwade' in one 'terop'. This study employs empirical legal methodologies, incorporating a phenomenological and anthropological approach. Meanwhile, the analytical tools encompass notions related to natural law, justice, and the anthropology of Islamic law. The collection of primary data was conducted through interviews of traditional authorities, religious leaders, knowledgeable individuals in the customary laws, and marriage practitioners who perform 'Kembar Manten' marriages in Mojokerto. The examination was conducted utilizing Thomas Aquinas' theory of natural law and justice, joining with the anthropology of Islamic law. In order to achieve justice in the natural law, it is necessary to have a policy and proportionality when making the walimah ursy, which is specifically created for a single wedding pair. In the field of the Islamic law anthropology, the 'Kembar Manten' refer to customs and customary laws that are regarded obligatory and advantageous. They are intended to promote the welfare of both the bride and groom's families. Neither the Qur’an nor the Hadith provide any instructions suggesting that the walimah ursy is meant for more than one couple during a single walimah. The ban of 'Kembar Manten' in the framework of Islamic legal anthropology is a customary practice within the community aimed at achieving well-being and security. Provided that the rules are designed to promote goodness and safety, it is imperative to preserve the values of local wisdom rules as a valuable cultural heritage of the nation. This article aims to enhance understanding of the customary law and local wisdom values in the Indonesian marital law.

Title

Found 31 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 31 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 31 Documents
Search