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Nexus Biomedika
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
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Articles 292 Documents
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Screening Effectiveness of The Leaf Extract of Psidium guajava, Euphorbia hirta, and Piper betle L. as Antidengue AGYA GHILMAN FAZA; Hudiyono .; Ratih Puspita Febrinasari
Nexus Biomedika Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Introduction: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus which commonly found in the tropic and sub-tropic region. Nowadays, the main treatment of DHF is supporting therapy by giving a replacement fluid. However, the number of cases and deaths due to dengue infection in Indonesia still high enough. Another solution to fix this problem is using Indonesians native plants which potentially has antiviral effect for dengue virus, such as guava leaf (Psidium guajava), patikan kerbau leaf (Euphorbia hirta), and betel leaf (Piper betle L.). The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the leaf extract of guava (Psidium guajava), patikan kerbau (Euphorbia hirta), and betel (Piper betle L.) as antidengue in vitro. Methods: This study was laboratory experimental research. The subject of this research was dengue virus serotype 2 strain New Guinea C (DENV2 NGC) which was infected into Huh-7 cell line. The study was held in two places, they were Virology and Biology Molecular Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia and Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematic and Science, Sebelas Maret University. The study was conducted in 2 parts. First, dengue virus solution was mixed with herbal extract in well which its bottom contained Huh-7 cell monolayer to obtain percent infectivity by FFU assay. Second, Huh-7 cell monolayer was exposed to the herbal extract solution to obtain percent viability by MTT assay. The effectiveness of herbal extract was based on two criterias, there were average percent infectivity 20% and average percent viability > 50%. Results: The leaf extract of Psidium guajava, Euphorbia hirta, and Piper betle L. have average percent infectivity respectively: 7.4%, 65.3%, and 68.4%. While the average percent viability of them were: 88.7%, 95.3%, 96.2%. Conclusion: The leaf extract of Psidium guajava is effective as antidengue in vitro. Keywords: Psidium guajava, Euphorbia hirta, Piper betle L., dengue virus serotype 2 strain New guinea C (DENV2 NGC), Huh-7 cell
Uji Sitotoksik Ekstrak Curcumin Pada Kultur Sel Limfosit T Penderita Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Hanif Mustikasari; Ratih Puspita Febrinasari; . Widardo
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
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Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation in multiorgan, in which its etiology and pathogenesis are unclear. Curcumin has been found to have a selective cytotoxic effects on various types of cancer cells through induction of apoptosis on the various pathways. This study aimed to demonstrate whether curcumin extract had cytotoxic effects on T lymphocytes autoreactivity of patients with SLE. Methods: This research was an experimental laboratory with post test only controlled group design. Samples were using cell cultures of T lymphocytes from the veins blood of a patient with SLE and normal people. Each of T lymphocytes cell culture consisted of media control (KM), cells control (KS), the positive control with cyclophosphamide (KP1), and a group treated with curcumin extract (KP2). Curcumin extracts and cyclophosphamide were divided into 8 serial doses (50 g/mL, 25 g/mL, 12.5 g/mL, 6.25 g/mL, 3.125 g/mL, 1.5625 g/mL, 0.78125 g/mL, 0.390625 g/mL). Cell inhibition was calculated based on a percentage (%) of cell viability. Then, the data was analyzed using probit analysis to determine the dose of IC50 with SPSS for Window Release 17.0. Results: The result of cell inhibition probit analysis (IC50) on T lymphocytes cell culture of patients with SLE using curcumin extract was active (score 3) and T lymphocytes cell culture of patients with SLE using cyclophosphamide was moderately active (score 2).While, T lymphocytes cell culture of normal people using curcumin extract was active (score 3) and T lymphocytes cell culture of normal people using cyclophosphamide was moderately active (score 2). Conclusions: Curcumin extract had cytotoxic effect on T lymphocytes cell culture of SLE. The cytotoxic effect of curcumin extract on T lymphocytes cell culture of patients with SLE was stronger than cyclophosphamide. Keywords: curcumin extract, cytotoxic, SLE
Pengaruh Elektroakupunktur Titik Zusanli (ST 36) dan Sanyinjiao (SP6) terhadap Ketebalan Korteks Adrenal Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) yang Dipapar Bising Intermiten Muhammad Luthfiyanto; . Muthmainah; Selfi Handayani
Nexus Biomedika Vol 3, No 1 (2014): Nexus Biomedika
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Background: Noise exposure triggers stress and thickens adrenal cortex. Electroacupuncture on Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) acupoints is known to reduce stress and improve the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This study aimed to know the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) acupoints towards adrenal cortex thickness of rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed by intermittent noise. Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental study with the post-test only control group design. The subject of this study was male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), 1-2 months old, and 200-250 grams of body weight. Twenty seven rats were taken by consecutive sampling. The rats were divided into 3 groups randomly, each group consisted of 9 rats. The Control Group (KK) was untreated, the treatment group 1 (KP1) was exposed by the noise, the treatment group 2 (KP2) was exposed by the noise and treated with electroacupuncture. Noise exposure was conducted for about 8 hours/day intermittently during 21 days respectively, while electroacupuncture treatment was done every 3 days, so there were 7 times of electroacupuncture treatment. Electroacupuncture was conducted at Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) acupoints at 2 Hz of frequency in a continuous wave for 15 minutes that its intensity was adjusted until local muscle contractions were seen. On the 22nd day, rats were sacrificed by neck dislocation and rats adrenal glands were taken and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin for histological study. The thickness of rats adrenal cortex was observed under light microscope with 400x magnification. The data were analyzed by One Way ANOVA test and LSD test (? = 0.05). Results: The average of cortex adrenal thickness in KK, KP1 and KP2 were 454.93 2.03 m, 565.59 0.97 m and 479.65 1.34 m, consecutively. One Way ANOVA test showed significant differences among the three groups with p=0.000 (p<0.05). LSD test also showed significant differences between KK-KP1, KK-KP2, KP1-KP2 with each of p=0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Electroacupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) acupoints affected to prevent the thickening of adrenal cortex of rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed by intermittent noise. Keywords: electroacupuncture, Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), noise, adrenal cortexs thickness.
Effectivity of NS1 Antigen Test for Early Detection of Dengue Fever in Surakarta and Surrounding Areas Arina Setyaningrum; Leli Saptawati; Yulia Sari
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
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Background:.The first time of dengue virus infection can give symptoms as dengue fever. Dengue fever disease has symptoms that are not typical and may manifest as Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and can progress to Dengue Shock Syndrome which can cause death if patients get treatment too late. Therefore, it is important to anticipate the delay in treatment so that requires a device to detection of dengue fever which is faster and more accurate. One is NS1 antigen detection methods. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness the NS1 antigen test for early detection of dengue fever in the region of Surakarta and surrounding areas. Method:.This study was a diagnostic test study using a community-based cross-sectional design. Sample size was 49 patients taken with consecutive techniques. Each samples performed detection of dengue NS1 antigen by Rapid strips test of immunochromatography and detection of genetic material of dengue virus by RT-PCR. Both of the data were tested with a diagnostic test. Result:.Diagnostic test results gave 67% of sensitivity, 89% of specificity, 67% of positive predictive value, 89% of negative predictive value, 6.09 of positive likelihood ratio, and 0.37 of negative likelihood ratio. The presence of a major change of the value of pretest probability (24%) to the value of the Post Test Probability (66%) indicated that the dengue NS1 antigen test device could provide diagnostic results which were important and useful. Conclusion:The NS1 antigen test is effective as diagnostic kit of Dengue virus infection due to its well specificity Keywords: Dengue Virus, Dengue NS1 antigen test, early detection of Dengue fever
Relation between Working Periods and Visual Acuity of Welder Amirul Zakiya Bravery; Vitri Widyaningsih; Zulaika Nur Afifah
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
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Background: Welding process can produce some lights radiation which is dangerous to the welders eyes. These lights are visible light radiation, ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation. These radiations can inflict damage to the eyes especially to the visual acuity of welder. There are some factors that contribute to the damage of welders eyes such as working periods . When welders have longer working duration then there will be also a greater risk of dangerous radiation from the welding process. The goal of this study was to know the association between working duration and visual acuity of welding worker. Methods: This study was an analytic observational study with cross-sectional design, which was held on November December 2014 at Jebres District of Surakarta. Forty six subjects were acquired by exhausted sampling. Subjects age was at 19-60 years old and the duration of working was 6-9 hours a day. Working duration data were obtained from interview and visual acuity was measured with optotypes Snellen chart. The data were analyzed using Spearman test for the bivariate analysis and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Result: This study showed that working periods significantly associated with the visual acuity of welder, due to p-value of Spearman test showed p<0.001 (<0.05) and p-value of logistic regression showed p=0.005 (<0.05). Conclusion: There was an association between working duration and the visual acuity of welder. Welders who had a longer working period had a lower visual acuity Key Words: Welder, Visual Acuity, Working Duration.
Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanolik Kunyit dan Temulawak Lebih Berpotensi sebagai Fitofarmaka Hepatoprotektif: Studi Efek Hepatoprotektif pada Mencit Balb/C yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Atika Zahro Nirmala; S. Bambang Widjokongko; Dyah Ratna Budiani
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
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The occurrence of liver damage especially caused by consuming non steroidal anti inflammatory medicine is high in some countries. In the other hand, turmeric and curcuma are frequently consumed as a herbal treatment. Those herbals contain antioxidant. The purposes of this experiment were to know the differences of hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of turmeric, curcuma, and the combination of both in mice Balb/C induced by paracetamol. This research was a laboratory experimental study with the post test only control group design. The research used 25 male Balb/C mice that were devided into 5 groups: negative [KK (-)] and positive control group [KK (+)] were administered 0.2 ml of aquades, while group treatment 1 (KP1), 2 (KP2) and 3 (KP3) consecutively were administered 2.8 mg of turmeric ethanolic extract, 14 mg of curcuma ethanolic extract and the combination of 1.4 mg of turmeric extract and 7 mg of curcuma ectract. The treatments were conducted in 14 days. The dose of paracetamol toxic was treated to KK (+), KP1, KP2, and KP3 on the 12th, 13th, and 14th days. Hepatoprotective effect was assessed by the number of disfunctional cells of liver. The data were analyzed by One Way ANOVA and LSD test. The result of one way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the five groups with p = 0.03. LSD test showed a significant difference among KK (-), KP1, and KP3 against KK (+) and KP2. There were some differences of the hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of turmeric, curcuma, and the combination of both in mice Balb/C induced by paracetamol. Keywords: hepatoprotective, turmeric, curcuma, paracetamol consecutively
Comparison of Hematology Analyzer Cyanmethemoglobin Method and Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) Electrode-Based Biosensor Method in Measurement of Hemoglobin LISANA SHIDQI; RATNA KUSUMAWATI; RATIH DEWI YUDHANI
Nexus Biomedika Vol 6, No 2 (2017): Nexus Biomedika
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Introduction: Measurement of hemoglobin concentration can be done by hematology analyzer (HA) cyanmethemoglobin method (gold standard) and point-of-care testing (POCT) electrode-based biosensor method. POCT electrode-based biosensor method is one of the hemoglobin POCT and has not been studied before in Indonesia. This study examined the difference and correlation hemoglobin concentration by HA cyanmethemoglobin method and POCT electrode-based biosensor method. Methods: This was a cross sectional study in 4 senior high schools of Sukoharjo in Indonesia on Desember, 2016. Senior high schools were selected using a simple random sampling and senior high schools grade selected using a stratified random sampling. Among 173 grade 10 and 11 senior high school girls in this study the capillary and venous blood samples were collected. Capillary blood sample collected was immediately processed to measure the hemoglobin concentration using POCT electrode-based biosensor method and venous blood sample was collected to measure the hemoglobin concentration using HA cyanmethemoglobin method. Statistical analyses used were Mann-Whitney and Spearmans correlation coefficient (?=0.05). Results: Hemoglobin concentration determined by the POCT electrode-based biosensor method compared to HA cyanmethemoglobin method was significantly different (p=0.000 ) and there was positive moderate correlation (r=0.438; p=0.000). Conclusions: Hemoglobin concentration assessment by POCT electrode-based biosensor method has shown significantly different and positive correlation with HA cyanmethemoglobin method. Keywords: hemoglobin concentration, HA cyanmethemoglobin method, POCT electrode-based biosensor method
Perbedaan Kadar Quercetin pada Propolis Isolat Gunung Lawu antara yang Diekstrak dengan Etanol dan Propylene Glycol Pristiawan Navy Endraputra; Diding Heri Prasetyo; . Sarsono
Nexus Biomedika Vol 2, No 3 (2013): Nexus Biomedika
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Background: Propolis contains quercetin, a substance from flavonoid group which is usually found as its glycoside form and its polarity changes to polar character. More polar of the solvent used, the greater flavonoid compound obtained. Consequently, it leads to different amount of quercetin gotten by different solvents on propolis extraction method. Method: This research used the post test only group design. Aluminium chloride colorimetric assay was applied to determine the amount of quercetin obtained from both ethanolic and propylene glycol extracting procedures. The data were statistically analyzed by independent t-test method. The propolis was collected from Kerjo, Karanganyar. Result: Total dissolved quercetin in ethanolic extract and propylene glycol extract were 63.38 13.14 g/mL and 45.69 8.70 g/mL, each, p < 0.05. Conclusion: This research significantly showed that the quercetin level of propolis extracted with ethanol higher than the one extracted with propylene glycol. Keywords: Aluminium Chloride, Propolis, Quercetin
Efek Granul Ekstrak Bawang Daun (Allium fistulosum L.) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Aedes aegypti L. Elisabeth Dea Resitarani; Sri Haryati; Bagus Wicaksono
Nexus Biomedika Vol 3, No 3 (2014): Nexus Biomedika
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Background: Spring onion (Allium fistulosum L.) are known to contain saponin, tanin and flavonoid having larvicide effect. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of granules of spring onion extract (Allium fistulosum L.) on the Mortality of Aedes aegypti L. Larvae. Methods: This research was a laboratory experimental with the post test only controlled group design, which was done at Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Vektor dan Reservoir Penyakit (B2P2VRP) Salatiga, Central Java. The subject used in this research was third stage of Aedes aegypti L. larvae. Subjects were taken with incidental sampling technique. The numbers of the subjects were 175 larvae, divided into 7 groups, so each group contained 25 larvae. This treatment was repeated 4 times. For the control group it was used 100 ml of water. The other six groups used granules solution of spring onion extract, that were 1,400 mg, 1,700 mg, 2,000 mg, 2,300 mg, 2,600 mg, and 2,900 mg per 100 ml of water. The observation was held after 24 hours then the number of dead larvae was counted. The data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA followed by LSD Post Hoc. Lethal Concentration (LC) value was determined using Probit analysis. Results: There were significant difference of larvicide effect caused by granules of spring onion extract treatment (p = 0.000). The number of dead larvae increased along with the increase in the concentration of granules. LSD test indicated that there was significant difference between two groups except between groups 2,600 mg/100 ml and 2,900 mg/100 ml. The results of probit analysis showed that LC50 was 1,620.55 mg/100 ml and LC99 was 3,333.89 mg/100 ml. Conclusion: The granules of spring onion (Allium fistulosum L.) extract can cause death of Aedes aegypti L. larvae with LC50 in level of 1,620.55 mg/100 ml and LC99 in level of 3,333.89 mg/100 ml. Keywords: spring onion extract, granules, Aedes aegypti L. larvae
Interleukin-10 of Positive and Negative HIV RNA Patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta Emirita Wulan Pradeta; Afiono Agung Prasetyo; Yulia Sari
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
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Background: HIV infection may cause imbalance of immune system and impacts on IL-10 status which has several immunological roles that may affect HIV infection itself. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between IL-10 and HIV RNA status. Methods: The IL-10 levels in the plasma samples obtained from 60 HIV patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta were analyzed by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Results: Elevated IL-10 level was found in 21.7% (13/60) samples and predominantly in positive HIV RNA (OR 2.67; 95% CI 0.40-17.96) and male (OR 1.22; 95% CI 0.36-4.17) patients. Conclusion: Elevated IL-10 level was associated with positive HIV RNA status and gender. Keywords: IL-10, HIV RNA

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