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INDONESIA
Jurnal Media Gizi Indonesia (MGI)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
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Articles 460 Documents
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Effect of Raw Materials and Thickening Agents on The Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Snapper-Based Kekian Sutandi, Agus; Kusumawati, Eni; Maulidilla Fitri, Fadillya; Haryanto, Haryanto
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v21i1.19-31

Abstract

Stunting in toddlers is associated with an unbalanced diet and insuffcient intake of animal protein, particularly fish. One of the main factors contributing to the low consumption of fish is the complexity of fish processing, especially the handling of fish heads, skin, and trimmings. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efffects of different raw materials and thickening agents on the physicochemical properties and sensory characteristics of snapper-based kekian. The research employed an experimental approach using a Randomized Complete Group Design (RCGD) with 16 treatment combinations and two replications. The first factor was the type of raw material: D1 (chicken meat, control), D2 (snapper  head), D3 (snapper trimmings), and D4 (snapper fillet). The second factor was the type of thickening agents: P1 (without thickening agen, control), P2 (transglutaminase enzyme), P3 (carrageenan), and P4 (a combination of transglutaminase enzyme and carrageenan). Kekian was prepared according to the specified formulations and treatments. Physicochemical and sensory data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that differences in raw materials significantly affected sensory characteristics, protein content, fat content, moisture content, hardness, springiness, and resilience of snapper-based kekian (p<0.05). Variations in the proportion and quality of fish meat influenced the physicochemical properties of the product. In contrast, the use of different thickening agents did not significantly affect the physicochemical properties of the snapper-based kekian (p>0.05). However, the use of transglutaminase enzymes tended to reduce the elasticity of the product. 
Iron, Zinc, and Calcium Bioavailability of Nutrient-Dense Foods for Designated Complementary Feeding of Children Under Two in East Nusa Tenggara Sanjiwani, Putu Amrytha; Fahmida, Umi; Santoso, Muhayatun; Marliyati, Sri Anna; Mansyur, Muchtaruddin
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v21i1.52-64

Abstract

Background: Inadequate quantity and quality of complementary feeding contribute substantially to micronutrient deficiencies, particularly iron, zinc, and calcium. In Indonesia, intake of these micronutrients is frequently suboptimal, and their bioavailability is often compromised by dietary inhibitors, primarily phytate. Objective: This study aimed to compare the in vitro bioavailability of iron, zinc, and calcium from selected locally available animal-and plant-source foods with potential for promotion in complementary feeding among children aged 6–24 months, and to evaluate the effects of pre-processing treatments on micronutrient bioavailability and phytate reduction. Method: A laboratory-based experimental study was conducted to assess the micronutrient bioavailability and phytate content in sticky corn, mung beans, cowpeas, and moringa leaf subjected to soaking (24 h), boiling, and germination (72 h). Bioavailability was analyzed using a solubility-based in vitro digestion model. Anchovy and chicken liver served as animal-source comparators. Result: Pre-processing treatments significantly reduced phytate content in mung beans, cowpeas, and sticky corn (p < 0.001), with germination yielding the greatest reduction. However, desirable calcium bioavailability was not achieved in germinated cowpeas and sticky corn. Anchovy and chicken liver exhibited substantially higher iron, zinc, and calcium bioavailability compared with plant-source foods. Conclusion: Germination of plant-source foods enhances iron, zinc, and calcium bioavailability; however, their bioavailability remains lower than that of animal-source foods. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal animal-to-plant-source food ratios for the development of nutrient-dense complementary foods that meet iron, zinc, and calcium requirements.
Nutritional Value of Cheese Stick Substituted with Fish Protein Hydrolysate as an Alternative Snack for School-Aged Children Zulfa, Fairuz; Syauqy, Ahmad; Anjani, Gemala; Ayustaningwarno, Fitriyono; Rusyanto, Widya; Afifah, Diana Nur
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v21i1.41-51

Abstract

The health of primary school-aged children is a vital component of national development and is significantly influenced by adequate protein intake. This study aimed to create a nutritious cheese stick snack by replacing wheat flour with fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) flour. This experimental study used a completely randomized design with three formulations: F1 (59% wheat flour: 41% FPH flour), F2 (54% wheat flour: 46% FPH flour), and F3 (48% wheat flour: 52% FPH flour). The ingredients include wheat flour, FPH flour, soy protein isolate, margarine, cheddar cheese, and water. Nutritional, chemical, and amino acid profiles were analyzed using standard methods (Kjeldahl, Soxhlet, and HPLC), and statistical analysis was conducted using One-Way ANOVA followed by post hoc tests. The results indicated that formulation F3 had the highest levels of amino acids, including glutamate (19,375.6 mg/kg), aspartate (6,663.8 mg/kg), and leucine (5,992.2 mg/kg), all of which were statistically significant (p<0.05). However, the total protein content was not significantly different (p=0.399). Additionally, F3 had the lowest fat content (26.3%) and highest moisture level (7.8%), which may have affected the texture of the product. These findings suggest that F3 is the most nutritionally advantageous formulation and could serve as a healthy snack option for school-aged children. Future studies are recommended to optimize the product texture and structure through adjustments in formulation and processing methods, as well as to assess consumer acceptability for potential commercialization.
Assessing Anthropometric Failure in Region Affected by High Stunting Prevalence Hasna Izdihar Latifah; Suyatno; Alfi Fairuz Asna
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v21i1.90-102

Abstract

The Extended Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (ECIAF) indicator is one of the best choices to identify malnutrition and describe nutritional problems broader. Nevertheless, it has not been widely used in most countries, such as Indonesia, which currently experiencing double-burden malnutrition. This study seeks to investigate child malnutrition status based on ECIAF in areas with very high stunting prevalence in Indonesia. This research utilized a cross-sectional approach, utilizing data collected from the 2022 Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI). Study population consisted of children in West Sulawesi Province aged between 0 and 23 months. Following their exclusion for incomplete data and outlier analyses, 1,573 of 1,327 eligible participants made it into final analysis. Analysis employed logistic regression, adjusting for complex survey design. According to ECIAF classification, 25.7% of children under five experienced growth disorders. Multivariate analysis revealed that growth failure was significantly associated with being aged between 0 and 23 months (OR=3.8; CI: 2.09–7.05; p<0.001), male gender (OR=1.6; CI: 1.18–2.24; p=0.003), low birth weight (<2500 g) (OR=6.6; CI: 3.74–11.54; p<0.001),  and incomplete vaccination (OR=1.7; CI: 1.22–2.46; p=0.002).The utilization of ECIAF to assess child malnutrition revealed a prevalence reaching a quarter of the entire child population. The risk factors of child malnutrition based on ECIAF in regions with high stunting prevalence were older child age, male gender, low birth weight, and not fully immunized.
Front Matter Jurnal MGI Vol 21 No 1 2026 Indonesia, Media Gizi
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Back Matter Jurnal MGI Vol 21 No 1 2026 Indonesia, Media Gizi
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

Rescue the Food: Building a Sustainable Food System for a Nourished Future Faza, Farah; Hardiyanti, Marina; Witaningrum, Riani; Ermamilia, Aviria
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v21i2.128-141

Abstract

Introduction: The national food security system ensures availability and stability, yet inequitable access and food utilization contribute to malnutrition and obesity. To achieve sustainable food security and SDG 2030 goals, education and redistributing surplus food can enhance community awareness and reduce food loss and waste (FLW). Aims: To initially assess community needs and evaluate an interprofessional-based educational program on sustainable food systems and nutrition security known as "Food for Health, Food for Planet." Methods: A half-day workshop was conducted to 34 participants coming from academics, food, and health enthusiasts, nutritionist, practitioners, students, and the public. The workshop lasted for six (6) hours, consisted of pre- and post-knowledge assessment, three (3) sessions of lectures, one (1) session of talkshow, and exhibition. This event involved four (4) speakers from various backgrounds.  Result: A pre- and post-assessment survey on FLW and food sustainability showed a slight decline in scores (98.3 to 97.4, p > 0.05).  For research and education, the initiatives were conducting multi-years research, designing intensive and innovative face-to-face training, integrating food system and FLW in classroom activity, and developing a curriculum and training kit materials. Finally, the event identified: (1) follow-up research opportunities, (2) multi-helix coordination from academia/researcher, private sectors, media, and policy makers, and (3) collaborative efforts while addressing the workshop’s strength and limitations. Conclusions: This half-day workshop briefly describes the needs of community to thrive sustainable food security as well as food systems by carrying through several initiatives for reducing FLW.  
Vitamin A Supplementation Programs and Food Diversity in Stunting Prevention in North Sumatra: Lessons from the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey 2022 Masthalina, Herta; Letelay, Alfons Maryono; Doloksaribu, Tetty Herta; Sudaryati, Etti
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v21i2.154-163

Abstract

This study used cross-sectional data from the 2022 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey to examine vitamin A supplementation, dietary diversification, and stunting in North Sumatra, including a group of 7,973 children aged 6–23 months. The results indicated that 62.7% of the youngsters took vitamin A and 39.4% had diversified diets. Multivariate analysis indicated that children lacking vitamin A supplementation were associated with a 1.43-fold increased proportion of stunting (CI: 1.27-1.61), and children with non-diverse diets had a 1.21 times higher risk (CI: 1.10-1.37). Regional stratification analysis revealed that a lack of vitamin A supplementation in rural areas increased the risk of stunting by a higher factor (OR: 1.49; CI: 1.25-1.78) in cities (OR: 1.38; CI: 1.18-1.61). The impact of dietary diversity on stunting was more substantial in rural areas (OR: 1.28; CI: 1.07-1.53) compared than in urban areas (OR: 1.15; CI: 0.98-1.35). The results recommend improving program coverage and nutrition education to account for local differences.
RUTF: Could This Alternative Therapy be The Answer For Severely Malnourished Children In LMICs? a Critical Meta-Analysis Razan, Rafi Alfian; Widjaja, Nur Aisiyah; Shabrina, Farah Aisha; Ananda, Naoval Diza; Oktavian, Puguh
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v21i2.142-153

Abstract

Introduction: Childhood malnutrition in the under-5 age group represents a critical challenge to global health systems. Current WHO treatment protocols recommend standardized formula diet (F-100) following the stabilization period to facilitate catch-up growth. In recent years, Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) has gained widespread adoption across low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) owing to its accessibility for community-level interventions. The established benchmark for appropriate weight gain in children between 6-60 months ranges from 5-10 g/kg/day. Objectives: The present investigation sought to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of RUTF versus F-100 in promoting weight gain among malnourished children. Methods: This investigation adhered to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Statistical analyses employed standard meta-analytic procedures with random effects modeling based on the classical DerSimonian–Laird approach, implemented in R version 4.4.1. Data from eight investigations involving 2084 participants were synthesized to evaluate the principal outcome of bodyweight increase. Results: Children receiving RUTF demonstrated significantly superior weight gain relative to those receiving F-100. RUTF administration resulted in an additional 2.96 g/kg/day weight gain compared to F-100 ([95% CI 1.82 to 4.16], p-value <0.001). Children managed with RUTF exhibited elevated rates of weight gain compared to F-100 recipients. Despite both interventions promoting weight increase, neither achieved the velocity necessary for adequate catch-up growth in LMIC children presenting with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Conclusions: These findings emphasize the necessity for novel supplementation approaches to achieve optimal catch-up growth in children with SAM.
The effect The Effect of Dadih Variations as a Probiotic Source in Complementary Food: An In Vivo Study Using White Wistar Rats Juli Marni; Hasbullah; Rina Yenrina; Kurnia Herlina Dewi; Sri Zulyanti Mardhiah
Media Gizi Indonesia Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): MEDIA GIZI INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mgi.v21i2.196-208

Abstract

Enhancing the nutritional quality of complementary foods can be achieved through fortification with probiotic-rich products such dadih. This study aimed to analyze the nutritional composition and evaluate the effects of dadih variations on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion efficiency (FCE), and protein efficiency ratio (PER). The experiment was conducted using weaned male Sprague-Dawley Wistar rats, aged 21–28 days and weighing ±55 grams. The treatment groups included: A0 (complementary food only), A1 (complementary food + milk), A2 (complementary food + milk + fresh dadih), A3 (complementary food + milk + dadih powder), A4 (complementary food + milk + chocolate dadih powder), and A5 (complementary food + milk + commercial probiotics). A completely randomized design was applied, and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA at a 5% significance level. Proximate analysis of complementary foods (dry weight basis) demonstrated protein content of 9.67–10.76%, fat 6.26–7.60%, ash 0.63–0.70%, carbohydrate 81.92–83.16%, and energy 418.7–431.46 kcal. Complementary food with dadih (fresh, powdered, and chocolate powdered forms; A2, A3, and A4) significantly improved weight gain, feed intake, FCE, and PER compared with rats receiving complementary food alone (A0), complementary food with milk (A1), or complementary food with commercial probiotics (A5).

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