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All Journal Jurnal Simantec ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika EMITTER International Journal of Engineering Technology JEEMECS (Journal of Electrical Engineering, Mechatronic and Computer Science) INOVTEK POLBENG CYCLOTRON Jurnal Teknik Elektro dan Komputer TRIAC Jambura Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Jurnal Pengabdian UNDIKMA Journal Zetroem JTEIN: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Indonesia Jurnal Fortech SinarFe7 PELS (Procedia of Engineering and Life Science) Electrician : Jurnal Rekayasa dan Teknologi Elektro Sains Data Jurnal Studi Matematika dan Teknologi Jurnal Insan Pengabdian Indonesia Signal and Image Processing Letters Jurnal FORTECH Journal of Renewable Energy and Smart Device Energy: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-ilmu Teknik Jurnal JEETech
Dian Neipa Purnamasari
Universitas Trunojoyo Madura
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Nursing Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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Journal : journal of renewable energy and smart device

 1 
Systematic Literature Review of SEP-Based Clustering Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks: Taxonomy, Critical Analysis, and Adaptive Multi-Parameter Framework Proposal Purnamasari, Dian Neipa; Pratama, Muhhammad Iyan Putra
Journal of Renewable Energy and Smart Device Vol. 3 No. 2 April 2026
Publisher : PT. Global Research Collaboration

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66314/joresd.v3i2.658

Abstract

Clustering protocols derived from the Stable Election Protocol (SEP) have been extensively studied for improving energy efficiency in heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). However, existing studies remain fragmented, with inconsistent evaluation settings, non-standardized performance metrics, and limited analysis of parameter sensitivity, making cross-study comparison unreliable. This paper presents a PRISMA-guided Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 42 primary studies published between 2021 and 2026. The review classifies SEP-based approaches into four categories: energy-based (33%), distance-aware (24%), AI-based (21%), and hybrid (21%), and critically evaluates their methodological rigor. The analysis reveals three key research gaps: lack of evaluation standardization, insufficient exploration of heterogeneity parameters, and absence of realistic deployment scenarios. To address these issues, this study proposes ADSEP (Adaptive Dynamic SEP), a three-layer conceptual framework integrating energy normalization, spatial awareness, and adaptive routing strategies. Unlike prior work, ADSEP is positioned as a structured research direction with a defined validation protocol rather than a standalone protocol. This work contributes not only a taxonomy and critical synthesis of SEP-based protocols but also establishes a principled roadmap for future research in heterogeneous WSN clustering.
Co-Authors 5Deni Tri Laksono Achmad Fiqhi Ibadillah Achmad Zain Nur Adi Irawan Adi Kuriawan S Adi Kurniawan Saputro Adi Kurniawan Saputro Adi Kurniawan Saputro ADI SAPUTRO Affandi, Eko Kholid Ahmad Fiqhi Ibadillah Ahmad Irsyad Amru Rosyidi Aidil Saputra Kirsan Alfarotzi, Muhammad Mufti Aliftasya Silvy Agustina Amang Sudarsono, Amang Amira Rohadatul Aisy Ardhika Fikri Destiawan Ardiansyah, Muhammad Risky Barqi, Moch. Roziqul Candra Arif Kurniawan Damayanti, Vivi Dedi Tri Laksono, Dedi Tri Deni Tri Laksono Deni Tri Laksono Deni Tri Laksono Diana Rahmawati Dwiky Ariyanto, Kemas Fahmi, Monika Faswia Faidatul Hasanah Faswia Fahmi, Monika Fathoni, Ahmad Nizar Firmansyah, Ifan Fauzi Hardiwansyah, Muttaqin Haryanto HARYANTO Haryanto Haryanto Haryanto Haryanto Haryanto Hasanah, Faidatul Indana Nihayatul Husna Isma Karunia Dewi iwan Syarif Iyabu, Sissy Rahmatia Karina Wulandari Koko Joni Kunto Aji Wibisono Kuriawan S, Adi Kurniawan Saputro, Adi Laksono, Deni Tri M Udin Harun Al Rasyid, M Udin Harun Ma’rifah, Puteri Nurul Miftachul Ulum miftachul ulum Miftachul Ulum, Miftachul Moh. Iqbal Ramadlan. A Monika Faswia Fahmi Monika Faswia Fahmi MS, Achmad Ubaidillah Muamar Muamar Muttaqin Hardiwansyah Muttaqin Hardiwansyah Muttaqin Hardiwansyah Nazarullail, Fikri Nur Muhammad Fanani Ogik Saputra, Khoirul Pratama, Muhhammad Iyan Putra Prima Kristalina Putra Pratama, Muhhammad Iyan Putri, Aureliia Maharani Riza Alfita Sukri, Hanifudin Tahir, Muhlis Tri Laksono, Deni Tri Sakti Sutrisno Ubaidillah, Achmad Ulum, Miftachul Wardhana, Win Wisnu Yudi Andika Safittro ZUHUDI, MOHAMAD AHSAN