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Journal : Biomedika

External Validation of AI-powered GeNose C19 to Diagnose Volatile Organic Compounds in COVID-19 Patients Tested at Udayana University Academic Hospital Purnamasidhi, Cokorda Agung Wahyu; Darwinata, Agus Eka; Utama, I Made Susila; Merati, Ketut Tuti Parwati; Harkitasari, Saktivi; Junior, Darren; Diksha, I Gusti Ngurah Ariestha Satya; Suteja, Richard Christian
Biomedika Vol 16, No 2 (2024): Biomedika Agustus 2024
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/biomedika.v16i2.3940

Abstract

In search for potential alternatives to RT-PCR, Gadjah Mada University developed GeNose C19 which was deemed to have high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV. The objective of this study is to contribute to the development of GeNose C19 by means of external validation conducted in Udayana University Academic Hospital, Bali. This was a cross-sectional study conducted on adults above 17 years old. Demographic variables, symptoms, vaccination status, GeNose C19 results, and RT-PCR results were measured. We analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV using respective appropriate formulas and the impact of other variables gathered towards accuracy by means of Chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test and independent-samples T test. The results showed that the subjects included in this study were 50.8% female and had a mean (IQR) age of 23.0 (21.0-27.5) years old. Only three subjects (2.5%) showed COVID-19-related symptoms such as cough (1.7%), flu (0.8%), fever (0.8%), and headache (0.8%). GeNose C19 yields a sensitivity of 83.1%, a specificity of 73.6%, PPV of 79.4%, and NPV of 78.0%. There were no variables that significantly affect the accuracy of GeNose C19. Further study is still required to validate GeNose C19’s performance in different environmental conditions and multiple different races.
Co-Authors Adhy Candra, I Kadek Bayu Agung Wiwiek Indrayani Agus Indra Yudhistira Diva Putra Anak Agung Gde Putra Wiraguna Ananda Eka Raharja Cokorda Agung Wahyu Purnamasidhi Dharmika, Ida Ayu Gde Wahyudevi Dhyana Ratmaja, I Gusti Agung Ngurah Diksha, I Gusti Ngurah Ariestha Satya Dwija, Ida Bagus Nyoman Putra F. S. Wignall Hearty Indah Oktavian I Gde Haryo Ganesha I Gede Agus Darsana Palgunadi I Gede Bayu Adi Pratama I Gede Gita Sastrawan I Gede Krisna Arim Sadeva I Gede Raka Adhyatma I Gede Sathya Agastya I Gede Wikania Wira Wiguna I Gusti Agung Istri Gladys Elsyaningrat I Gusti Ayu Dewi Ratnayanti I Gusti Kamasan Nyoman Arijana I Gusti Ngurah Kade Mahardika I Gusti Nyoman Sri Wiryawan I Ketut Wiryajati I Putu Bintang Pradita Kirana I Wayan Juli Sumadi I Wayan Sugiritama I Wayan Suranadi I Wayan Weta I. B. P. Dwija Ida Ayu Ika Wahyuniari Ida Bagus Fery Citarsa Ida Bagus Gede Adiguna Wibawa Ida Sri Iswari J. A. Pangkahila Junior, Darren K. Subrata K. Wirasandhi Ketut Tuti Parwati Merati Komang Januartha Putra Pinatih Kusumajaya, I Gusti Bagus Ari Adi Ledwin Meikel Wibisono Made Agus Hendrayana Made Indira Dianti Sanjiwani Maharani, Ida Ayu Komang Ananta Milhanah Milhanah N. K. Susilarini Ni Luh Gede Yoni Komalasari, Ni Luh Gede Yoni Ni Made Adi Tarini Ni Made Linawati Ni Made Susilawathi Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati Ni Nyoman Sri Budayanti Nyoman Budhi Wirananda Setiawan Paramyta, I Gusti Ayu Cintya Putu Agung Satvika Pradnyadevi Putu Nindya Krisnadewi Rahadi Raka-Sudewi A. A. Saktivi Harkitasari, Saktivi Saraswati, I Gusti Ayu Agung Putri Indria Surya Putra, I Gusti Agung Utama Suteja, Richard Christian Utama, I Made Susila Widhanti, Arin Arnaz Wimpie I Pangkahila Winnie Chandra Yoselyn Gunawan