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Journal : Lentera Perawat

Psychological factors, digital behaviors, and lifestyle correlates of insomnia among university students: A literature review Purdani, Kartika Setia; Ridho, Muhammad; Safrudin, Bachtiar; Alamsyah, Fachmi; Zain, Najla Dalilah Ramadhania; Wati, Putri Sintya; Lestari, Shinta Dwie; Dewi, Cindy Maharani; Cholifah, Winna Noor; Saputra, Bagas
Lentera Perawat Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): January - March
Publisher : School of Health Sciences Al-Ma'arif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52235/lp.v7i1.674

Abstract

Background: Insomnia is a prevalent sleep problem among university students and is increasingly linked to psychological distress, intensive digital engagement, and unhealthy lifestyle patterns, all of which may impair academic functioning and well-being. Existing evidence is fragmented across disciplines, making an integrated synthesis necessary for nursing and campus health practice. Objective: This literature review aimed to synthesize evidence on psychological factors, digital behaviors, and lifestyle correlates associated with insomnia among university students. Methods: A structured literature review was conducted using predefined eligibility criteria, staged screening, and standardized data extraction. The review included quantitative studies on university students published between 2021 and 2025 in Indonesian or English, with insomnia-related outcomes and relevant correlates. From 166 identified records, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria and were narratively synthesized across three analytic domains: psychological factors, digital behaviors, and lifestyle variables. Results: Across the 10 included studies, stress and anxiety emerged as the most consistent correlates of insomnia severity. Digital factors—particularly intensive social media use, smartphone addiction, and problematic gadget use—were also repeatedly associated with insomnia, with several studies suggesting mediating psychological pathways (e.g., FoMO and phone dependence). Lifestyle findings were partially heterogeneous: some studies identified significant associations for coffee intake and physical activity, whereas others reported non-significant results for similar variables. Most student participants experienced mild-to-moderate insomnia, indicating a common but often underrecognized burden. Conclusion: Insomnia among university students is a multidimensional condition influenced by interacting psychological, digital, and lifestyle factors. The most robust evidence supports stress, anxiety, and intensive digital behavior as primary correlates, while lifestyle and environmental effects appear context-dependent.
Co-Authors Abdillah, Rifky Adhitya Aisyah, Salsabila Noor Alamsyah, Fachmi Aldini, Fhauzia Iin Alfatahillah, Arrasyidi Amalia, Lutfi Nur Amalia, Naya Anggi Saputri, Mareta Arra, Putri Amanda Arzaaq, Miftahul Auliana, Nur Sapitri Azizah, Regina Nur Azzahdi, Adam Rizki Candra Maulani, Kamila Cholifah, Winna Noor Damayanti, Marlina Dede Tule, Sendy Glaudia Dewi, Cindy Maharani Dwi Joko Prihadiyanto Elvina, Rodiana Fadillah, Tassya Indri Faramitha, Dyah Fauziah, Nia Febriani, Wantasya Fery Agusman Motuho Mendrofa Fitri, Yunisah Fitriani, Cahya Indah Fitriyah Makmur, Rizki Halimah Seftiyani, Nur Halizza, Virna Nur Handayani, Helda Nur Haniyyu Muhni, Ikhram Herdianti Herdianti Herlina, Nunung Herlinda Herlinda, Herlinda Juliana, Ayu Indri Kamila, Rurun Kurmiantin, Twy Kurniawati, Rinda Lestari, Shinta Dwie M. Bachtiar Safrudin Maulida, Nina Mavliani, alvinna Mika, Rona Muhammad Ridho Muhammad Ridwan Muzaki, Farhan Nadila, Putri Nurjanah, Neti Nurrahmawati, Alfina Pasha, Anita Pratiwi, Amelia Irsa Priskyani, Wanda Puji Purwaningsih Purdawati, Purdawati Purnamasari, Rizka Dwi Purwandy, M. Ananta Tri Putri Ryanta, Najwa Aulia Putri, Nasua Arya Rahma, Nurrulya Ramadani, Suci Mahlida Raudina, Diandra Dita Riana Dewi, Ajeng Irma Rodiansyah, Muhammad Rungreangkulkij, Somporn Sabila, Aisyah Nur Safarudin, Bachtiar Saputra, Bagas Saputri, Della Sari, Dewi Nila Sari, Risnawati Sari, Safitri Indriyani Sephia, Reylah Setyawati, Richa Cahya Setyowati, Richa Cahya Siti Khadijah Suci Wulandari, Andi Nur Tankeke, Tankeke Ulandari, Ikalia Wardana, Hendi Wati, Putri Sintya Widyastuti, Dwi Yusnanda, Bunga Zain, Najla Dalilah Ramadhania Zeca, ueeneera Adelcia Angelista