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Optimization of Cogging Torque in a Permanent Magnet Generator Using Magnet Shaping and Stator Dummy Slot Methods for a 10 kWp Wind Power Plant Nur Pratama, Yuandika; Nur, Tajuddin
Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Syntax Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v10i12.62884

Abstract

This research aims to optimize the performance of a permanent magnet generator by reducing cogging torque. Cogging torque is the torque generated due to the interaction between the tangential force at the edge of the magnets and the material in the stator slots. High cogging torque can hinder the rotor movement in permanent magnet generators. In wind power applications, cogging torque must be minimized as it can obstruct the turbine's rotation in the generator. Therefore, magnet shaping and dummy slot methods are applied in the optimized design construction of the permanent magnet generator using FEMM 4.2 software for 2D design and numerical analysis. The permanent magnet generator design utilizes 24 stator slots and 20 rotor magnetic poles with five different design configurations. In the second design configuration, using the magnet shaping method, a 53% reduction in cogging torque was achieved. In the third design, which employs both magnet shaping and rectangular dummy slots, a decrease of 99.30% was obtained. The fourth design, using magnet shaping and triangular dummy slots, resulted in a 92.4% reduction. In contrast, the fifth design, using magnet shaping and semicircular dummy slots, achieved a 95.5% reduction in cogging torque compared to the initial structure.
Model Of Integrating The Values Of Qs. Al-Hujurat Verse 11 Into The Strategies Of Islamic Education Teachers For Character Building In Elementary School Students Farid, Farid; Kosim, Abdul; Nur, Tajuddin
IJGIE (International Journal of Graduate of Islamic Education) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Master of Islamic Studies Masters Program in the Postgraduate Institute of Islamic Studies Sultan Muhammad Syafiuddin Sambas, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37567/ijgie.v7i1.4382

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the strategies of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) teachers in integrating the values of QS. Al-Hujurat verse 11 in character building of elementary school students. The focus of the study is on how IRE teachers instill Qur'anic moral values such as respect for others, self-control, and prohibition of slander as part of the character education process in the school environment. This study departs from a research gap that shows that previous studies on Al-Qur'an-based character education have been predominantly conceptual and have not specifically examined the integration of the values of QS. Al-Hujurat verse 11 in the learning strategies of PAI teachers in the context of elementary schools. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of Islamic Education learning activities. The results showed that PAI teachers applied various learning strategies, including exemplary behavior, habituation, advice, and a contextual approach through the study of Qur'anic verses. The integration of the values of QS. Al-Hujurat verse 11 proved to play a significant role in shaping attitudes of mutual respect, empathy, and social responsibility in students. The new contribution of this study lies in the formulation of an integrative model of PAI learning strategies based on QS. Al-Hujurat verse 11 that is contextual and applicable, thus complementing previous studies that emphasized normative aspects without empirical mapping of teacher strategies. In conclusion, the implementation of Qur'anic values through PAI teacher learning strategies can be an effective model for strengthening character education in elementary schools in a sustainable manner that is relevant to the social challenges faced by students.
Strategies For Developing Islamic Education To Strengthen Religious Moderation: A Case Study Of The Ministry Of Religious Affairs In Karawang Regency Maehi, Emay Ahmad; Kosim, Abdul; Nur, Tajuddin
IJGIE (International Journal of Graduate of Islamic Education) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Master of Islamic Studies Masters Program in the Postgraduate Institute of Islamic Studies Sultan Muhammad Syafiuddin Sambas, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37567/ijgie.v7i1.4538

Abstract

This study aims to analyze strategies for developing Islamic education in strengthening religious moderation at the Ministry of Religious Affairs of Karawang Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The resultsof the study show four main strategies that are the focus of strengthening religious moderation, namely strengthening internal policies as the basis for program implementation, increasing the capacity of teachers and educational personnel through training and workshops, integrating moderate values into the curriculum and learning activities, and expanding partnerships with various educational institutions and community organizations. In addition, this study identified supporting factors in the form of institutional commitment, the existence of national guidelines on religious moderation, and an increase in teachers' interest in improving their competence. The obstacles found include limited human resources, variations in teachers' understanding of the concept of moderation, and local socio-cultural challenges that affect policy implementation at the educational unit level. These findings confirm that targeted, adaptive, and collaboration-based strategies can strengthen the internalization of religious moderation in Islamic education environments. As a result, this study provides practical recommendations for regional Ministries of Religious Affairs to strengthen context-based training designs, develop religious moderation evaluation instruments, and expand strategic partnerships to improve program effectiveness in a sustainable manner.
ANALISIS PENGARUH MAGNETISASI TERHADAP KEBISINGAN DAN EFISIENSI PADA TRANSFORMATOR INTI BESI CRGO DAN AMORPHOUS Hakim, Luqman; Sibatuara, Henra; Nur, Tajuddin
Elektrika Borneo Vol 11, No 2 (2025): Elektrika Borneo Edisi Oktober
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Elektro, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Borneo Tarakan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35334/eb.v11i2.7081

Abstract

Transformator distribusi memiliki peran penting dalam kelangsungan sistem jaringan distribusi tenaga listrik. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi, saat ini transformator distribusi tidak hanya di produksi menggunakan baja silicon saja, akan tetapi banyak produsen transformator yang sudah memproduksi menggunakan baja amorphous. Dalam aplikasi penerapan transformator baja amorphous dilapangan, ditemukan kondisi anomali dimana transformator tersebut berdengung melebihi ketentuan standar SPLN D3.002-1:2020. Dengung pada transformator baja amorphous menjadi keluhan masyarakat yang berada disekitar transformator baja amorphous sehingga keandalan transformator dengan inti besi amorphous diragukan. Dari kejadian tersebut penulis termotivasi untuk melakukan studi tentang karakteristik inti besi amorphous dan CRGO (Cold Rolled Grain Oriented) dengan metode eksperimen percobaan pengujian kurva magnetisasi terhadap kedua inti besi yang digunakan pada transformator distribusi untuk mengetahui karakteristik saturasi terhadap kedua inti tersebut. Hasil percobaan yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa kurva magnetik inti baja amorphous cenderung lebih cepat mengalami kejenuhan dibandingkan CRGO. Hal ini berbanding lurus dengan pengujian tingkat bising yang dilakukan dimana hasil pengujian menunjukkan transformator baja amorphous memiliki nilai kebisingan yang lebih tinggi daripada CRGO.
Study on Optimal Location Determination for 500 kV Extra High Voltage Substation Construction in Paiton Subsystem to Reduce to Transmission Loss Dede Ridza Diana; Tajuddin Nur; Herlina Herlina; Syamsir Abduh
INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Februari 2026
Publisher : Yayasan Literasi Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55123/insologi.v5i1.7578

Abstract

Electricity transmission losses are a significant challenge in the Java-Madura-Bali (Jamali) power system, especially in the Paiton subsystem, which is a critical point for power supply to the island of Bali. This study aims to identify the optimal location for the construction of a new Extra High Voltage Substation (GITET) to minimize transmission losses and improve the economic efficiency of the system. The method used is quasi-dynamic power flow simulation with electrical network modeling using PSS/E software integrated with Python, carried out in a time series throughout 2025 at four alternative locations: Watudodol, Jember, Genteng, and Banyuwangi. The simulation results reveal that the construction of GITET in Banyuwangi is technically the most optimal, capable of reducing transmission losses from 420.57 GWh to 94.71 GWh or around 77.5%. Economic analysis shows that the Jember location has the best financial parameters with an IRR of 15.01%, NPV of IDR 4.47 trillion, and a payback period of 9.35 years, even though the reduction in transmission losses is lower than in Banyuwangi. In conclusion, the selection of the GITET location must consider the trade-off between technical efficiency and financial benefits; Banyuwangi excels technically, while Jember is economically optimal, so that a combination of development strategies can maximize the performance of the Jamali electricity system.
Pengaruh Resistansi Terhadap Nilai Kenaikan Suhu pada PHB-TR Tipe PL2-400-2- LBS dengan Menggunakan Metode Regresi Linier Gumilar, Ade; Nur, Tajuddin; Wijayanto, Puput Tri
Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Syntax Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v11i4.64284

Abstract

Perangkat Hubung Bagi Tegangan Rendah (PHB-TR) merupakan komponen utama dalam sistem jaring tegangan rendah PLN yang berfungsi menyalurkan energi listrik ke sisi pelanggan. Mengacu pada peran strategis PHB-TR dalam sistem distribusi, diperlukan pengujian laboratorium yang komprehensif untuk menjamin keandalan dan keamanan operasional. Pengujian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh nilai resistansi terhadap kenaikan suhu pada PHB-TR tipe PL2-400-2-LBS, mengingat sering terjadi hotspot terutama pada komponen fuse rail dan kabel uji. Pengujian dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai resistansi pada beberapa varian dimensi busbar, dummy fuse dan kabel uji, serta dilanjutkan dengan mengukur kenaikan suhu pada masing-masing konfigurasi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan nilai resistansi pada komponen menyebabkan kenaikan suhu yang signifikan. Sebaliknya, penurunan resistansi dapat meningkatkan nilai ampacity, mengurangi arus lebih, dan menurunkan suhu operasional. Analisis regresi linier diterapkan untuk memodelkan hubungan antara resistansi dan kenaikan suhu secara kuantitatif. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya pemilihan dan pemasangan komponen dengan resistansi rendah untuk mencegah hotspot dan meningkatkan efisiensi distribusi listrik.
PERAN KELUARGA SEBAGAI PENDIDIKAN PERTAMA DAN UTAMA Gifran Septamas; Tajuddin Nur; Neng Ulya
TABYIN: JURNAL PENDIDIKAN ISLAM Vol 7 No 02 (2025): Desember
Publisher : STAI Ihyaul Ulum Gresik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70281/3tz82b92

Abstract

Keluarga merupakan lingkungan pertama yang dialami seorang anak manusia ketika dilahirkan ke dunia. Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya keluarga juga merupakan lingkungan utama dalam pembentukan kepribadian seorang anak manusia. Masa-masa awal pertumbuhannya lebih banyak dihabiskan di dalam lingkungan keluarga. Maka di dalam keluargalah seorang anak manusia mengalami proses pendidikan yang pertama dan utama. Segala bentuk perilaku keluarga, khususnya kedua orang tua, baik lisan maupun perbuatan, baik yang bersifat pengajaran, keteladanan maupun kebiasaan- kebiasaan yang diterapkan di dalam kehidupan sosial keluarga, akan mempengaruhi pola perkembangan perilaku anak selanjutnya. Oleh karena itu, orang tua harus mampu menanamkan pendidikan yang baik dan benar kepada anak sejak usia dini, agar perkembangan perilaku anak selanjutnya dapat mencerminkan kepribadian yang luhur, yang bermanfaat bagi dirinya sendiri, agama, keluarga juga masyarakat dan bangsanya.
Optimization Of Cogging Torque in 28-Pole 24-Slot Permanent Magnet Generator Zacky Irfan Al Farisie; Tajuddin Nur; Marwan Rosyadi; Syamsir Abduh
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i4.52888

Abstract

This study addresses the growing demand for efficient renewable energy conversion systems, particularly in low- to medium-wind-speed regions such as Indonesia, where wind resources typically range between 4–6 m/s. Permanent magnet generators (PMGs) are widely used in wind power plants due to their high efficiency and simple structure; however, their performance is often limited by cogging torque, which causes rotational resistance, vibration, and reduced energy conversion efficiency. This research aims to analyze and optimize the reduction of cogging torque in a 28-pole, 24-slot permanent magnet generator through geometric modification techniques. The study employs a quantitative simulation approach using FEMM 4.2 software and LUA 4.0 scripting to model magnetic flux distribution and torque characteristics. The optimization process includes variations in air gap widening, magnet edge shaping, slot opening adjustment, and the addition of dummy slots. The initial design produced a cogging torque of 0.00498 Nm. After the first optimization stage, the value decreased to 0.00028 Nm, while the second optimization achieved a significant reduction to 0.00005 Nm, corresponding to a 98.99% decrease. The results demonstrate that combining magnet edge shaping with dummy slots is highly effective in minimizing cogging torque and improving flux uniformity. In conclusion, the optimized design enhances generator performance, particularly in low-speed wind applications, making it a promising solution for sustainable energy development.
Cogging Torque Reduction in a 40-Pole/24-Slot Permanent Magnet Generator Using Magnet Edge Shaping and Slot Opening Adjustment Irwan Firdaus; Dhami Johar Damiri; Tajuddin Nur
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i3.52993

Abstract

Indonesia’s relatively low average wind speed (3–6 m/s) necessitates low-speed wind turbines using multipole permanent magnet generators (PMGs); however, the 40-pole/24-slot configuration tends to produce high cogging torque. This elevated cogging torque can negatively affect starting performance, induce vibration, and reduce overall efficiency. This study reduces the cogging torque of a 40-pole/24-slot PMG through magnet edge shaping and stator slot-opening adjustment. A 2D magnetostatic finite element analysis (FEA) was performed using FEMM 4.2 for three designs: a baseline model (2.0 mm slot opening), an edge-shaped model, and a combined edge-shaped model with a 1.8 mm slot opening. The maximum cogging torque decreased from 0.016676 N·m to 0.000395 N·m and 0.000141 N·m, corresponding to reductions of 97.63% and 99.15%, respectively. Flux density maps confirm a more uniform air-gap flux distribution in the combined design without altering the machine’s main dimensions. The combination of magnet edge shaping and slot-opening reduction is highly effective in minimizing cogging torque without changing the generator’s primary dimensions. This method is practical and suitable for improving the performance of small-scale PMGs in low-speed wind turbine applications.
Co-Design of Magnet-Edge One Step Slotting and Stator Dummy Slots to Reduce Cogging Torque and Unbalanced Magnetic Pull Gita Wardhana; Tajuddin Nur; Lucio Alfredo Correia; Herlina Herlina; Maria Angela Kartawijaya
Jurnal ASIIMETRIK Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa & Inovasi Volume 8 Number 2 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v8i2.9703

Abstract

Low-speed wind generators require low cogging torque to ensure reliable start-up and low unbalanced magnetic pull to reduce vibration and bearing stress. This study examines a co-design approach that combines one-step magnet-edge slotting and stator dummy slots in a 24-slot/20-pole fractional-slot permanent magnet machine. Three configurations were analysed using two-dimensional finite element analysis in FEMM 4.2: the baseline model, the one-step magnet-edge slotting model, and the integrated one-step magnet-edge slotting + dummy-slot model. Cogging torque was calculated from Maxwell stress in the air gap, while unbalanced magnetic pull was evaluated through horizontal and vertical electromagnetic force components. The results show that one-step magnet-edge slotting reduces peak cogging torque by about 74.3% compared with the baseline model. The combined one-step magnet-edge slotting + dummy-slot design achieves a larger reduction of about 99.4%. This configuration also decreases unbalanced magnetic pull by approximately 92% on the X-axis and 90% on the Y-axis. When the unbalanced magnetic pull effect is included, the effective cogging-torque reduction remains about 98.9%. These findings indicate that integrating rotor-side magnet-edge slotting with stator-side permeance shaping provides an effective passive strategy for improving start-up performance and radial-force balance in low-speed permanent magnet wind generators .
Co-Authors Abdul Kosim, Abdul Ahmad, Suhairi Rizuan Che Almaida, Maria Andre Sugioko Anjani, Jihan Fajira Anthon de Fretes Anwar Muqorobin Aqsha, Fikrie Astuti Darmiyanti Baso Didik Hikmawan Bintan Silmiahalwah Catherine Olivia Sereati Christine Natalia CORREIA, LUCIO ALFREDO Dede Ridza Diana Dhami Johar Damiri Dhian Wahyudi Duma K Y Hutapea Duma Kristina Yanti English Farid Farid, Farid Felix Udianto, Johanes Ferry Rippun Gideon Manalu, Ferry Rippun Gideon Fikri, Miftahul Firma Purbantoro Fithri Muliawati Gifran Septamas Gita Wardhana Gumilar, Ade HALIM, MARCHELL MORDEKHAI Herlina . Herlina Herlina Herlina Herlina Herlina Herlina Herman Hinggil Permana I Nengah Diasta Ibrahim, Arsyik Ikar Mustikaswara Indriana Pitaloka Irwan Firdaus Iswati Iswati, Iswati Karel Octavianus Bachri Khoerunnisa, Khoerunnisa Kumala Indriati Linda Wijayanti Lucio Alfredo Correia Lucio Alfreido Correira Luqman Hakim M, Yoga Wirotama Maehi, Emay Ahmad Mardhyah, Annisa Nur'Ismah Maria Angela Kartawidjaja Maria Angela Kartawijaya Marsul Siregar Marwan Rosyadi Melisa Mulyadi Mustikaswara, Ikar Neng Ulya Nova Eka Budiyanta Nur Pratama, Yuandika Othman, Raja Nor Firdaus Kashfi Raja PANDJAITAN, LANNY Pandjaitan, Lanny W. Pangestu, Devin Pardosi, Cristoni Hasiholan pengelola, pengelola Priyono Soetikno Pudji Irasari Puji Widiyanto Rusman, Arman Sandra Octaviani B. Widiarto Sibatuara, Henra Sihotang, Arviju Suherman, Yudha Surya Widjaja, Williem Syamsir Abduh Syamsir Abduh Syamsir Abduh Timothy Sutjipto, Marcellus Timothy Wijaya, Hans Tobing, Sheila Trifenaus Prabu Hidayat Ulya, Neng Wahyudi, Dhian Widodo Basuki Wijayanto, Puput Tri Yahya, Yanawati Yakin, Aenul YANASTANTO, GUSTIESAR ALBARRY Yudha Suherman Zacky Irfan Al Farisie