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All Journal Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi dan Penelitian Hukum Islam Al-Iqtishad : Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah (Journal of Islamic Economics) Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Al-Mustashfa Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Ahkam: Jurnal Hukum Islam Inklusi Journal of Disability Studies Al-Amwal : Journal of Islamic Economic Law Lex Scientia Law Review Ta`Limuna : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Jurnal IMPACT: Implementation and Action Jurnal Al-Dustur JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN COMPARATIVE OF SYARIAH LAW Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Jurnal Plano Buana In Right: Jurnal Agama dan Hak Azazi Manusia Jurnal Pengbdian Teknik Mesin Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Billah, Mutasim
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Intentionally Changing Everything: Deliberate Constructing in Corruption Case Kamsi, Kamsi; Julianto, Very; Billah, Mu'tashim; Karimullah, Suud Sarim
Lex Scientia Law Review Vol 7 No 2 (2023): Justice in Broader Context: Contemporary and Controversial Issues in Indonesia an
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/lesrev.v7i2.59866

Abstract

Handling corruption cases is not always consistent in emphasizing the element of intention/intentionally. Theoretically, the concept of deliberation has been put forward by some experts. However, in the realm of implementation the theoretical studies of those experts become contradictory. This is because there is no certainty of indicators of intent. Deliberation in this research is viewed from criminal law and psychology. The method used in this research is Forum Group Discussion (FGD). Then also is performed professional judgment by legal practitioners and academics. The results show that law enforcers have a common perception in viewing the deliberate in cases of corruption. Law enforcers in understanding the Articles use the theory of science and the theory of Possibility in Certainty. It is deliberate behavior when viewed from psychology produces a construct that can be measured using the science theory.
PEMBUATAN MINYAK SERAI WANGI (CITRONELLA OIL) PADA PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT BERSAMA KELOMPOK TANI KOSAGRHA LESTARI Susilowati; Billah, Mutasim; Utami, Lucky Indrati; Dewati, Retno; Sani
abdimesin Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Abdi-mesin
Publisher : UPN "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/abdimesin.v3i1.40

Abstract

Pengabdian Masyarakat dengan metode penyuluhan telah diadakan tanggal 26 November2022 di Balai RW Kosagrha di Desa Medokan Ayu Surabaya. Program pengabdianmasyarakat ini merupakan kerjasama dengan Kelompok Tani Kosagrha Lestari dengan timpenyuluh dari Program Studi Teknik Kimia dan Pertanian Universitas PembangunanNasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur mengenai budidaya serai wangi dan juga cara pemrosesanuntuk dijadikan minyak serai wangi. Adapun manfaat dari penyuluhan pengabdianmasyarakat supaya dapat memberikan ilmu kepada Petani Kosagrha serta cara -caramenanam dan merawat serai yang baik untuk bisa dibuat minyak serai wangi (CintronellaOil). Minyak serai wangi ini banyak kegunaannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sebagaicontoh untuk pengharum ruangan dan juga bisa sebagai bahan baku pembuatan sabun serai.Perawatan dan pemupukan tanaman sereh wangi ini lebih mudah. Serai wangi dapatdipanen untuk dijadikan minyak serai setelah umurnya 6 bulan dan daun serai ini dapattumbuh lagi. Proses pembuatan minyak serai wangi dilakukan metode ekstraksi denganpelarut air dan waktu ekstraksi sekitar 3 sampai 4 jam berupa produk minyak serai wangi.Rencana petani kosagrha lestari kedepan, membuat produk minyak serai wangi dan dijual,juga dibuatkan label produk serta dibuatkan kemasan yang baik.
Kaffārah Rules on Having Intercourse During Ramaḍān: Gender Analysis of Imam Nawāwī and Ibn Qudāmah’s Opinions Billah, Mu'tashim; Nurdiansyah, Rifqi; Alyaparangu, Kaukabilla
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i1.2291

Abstract

This article tries to analyze the doctrine of kaffārah as the repentance for those who break the fast doing an intercourse in the day of Ramaḍān based on the opinions of Imam Nawāwī and Ibn Qudamah viewed from the perspective of gender. This is a library research that used descriptive-comparative methods along with normative and gender equity approach that discusses the text and modern context. The data was derived from the fikih’s books. This article shows that Muslims who commit a sexual intercourse in the day of Ramaḍān are burdened by an expiation that is mentioned in ḥadīṡ. Imam Nawawi stated that wife is not burdened by an expiation if she commits the intercourse, either by her willingness or under the compulsion. While Ibn Qudāmah stated that wife is burdened by an expiation if she commits it by her willingness and the legal burden will be lost if she is being under compulsion. From the perspective of gender, there is no difference between both man and woman’s kaffārah obligation. Both will get the consequence from all they have done, because both are the subjects of law. They should discuss each other on what choices to expiate their sins.
Pengaruh Pandemi Covid 19 terhadap Perceraian Masyarakat Rembang Berdasarkan Aspek Sosial dan Angka di Pengadilan Abdul Rozak; Mu'tashim Billah; Diky Faqih Maulana
Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/alahkam.v6i2.3757

Abstract

Maintaining the integrity of the household is not easy, the dynamics of life as husband and wife must be lived with patience and caution. However, this circumstances are sometimes seems insufficient to maintain the household. This indication could be seen that number of couples who prefer to end their marital relationship with dissolution. This article attempts to answer two main questions, namely: first, what are the main factors that cause the divorce in Rembang City; second, does the COVID-19 pandemic affect the divorce rate in Rembang City. This article is a qualitative research using a normative-empirical approach. The results of the analysis of this study show that the COVID-19 pandemic does not significantly affect changes in the divorce rate in Rembang City. This is due to the background of the Rembang community which is dominated by santri. Spiritual values ​​are still a solid foundation that can maintain the unity of the household when some couples choose to divorce due to the economic and mental depression that caused by the pandemic.   Mempertahankan keutuhan rumah tangga bukan perkara mudah, dinamika kehidupan sebagai suami dan istri harus dihadapi dengan penuh kesabaran serta kehati-hatian. Akan tetapi, sikap tersebut terkadang dirasa kurang cukup untuk mempertahankan rumah tangga. Hal ini ditandai dengan banyaknya pasangan yang lebih memilih untuk mengakhiri hubungan perkawinannya dengan jalur perceraian. Artikel ini berusaha untuk menjawab dua persoalan utama, yaitu: pertama, apa saja faktor utama yang menjadi alasan perceraian di Kota Rembang; kedua, apakah pandemi COVID-19 berpengaruh terhadap angka perceraian di Kota Rembang. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan metode pendekatan normatif-empiris. Hasil dari analisis penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa faktor yang menyebabkan perceraian di Rembang adalah: kekerasan fisik dan psikologis, perselingkuhan, kurangnya tanggung jawab suami dalam menafkahi istri dan anak serta komunikasi yang buruk sekali pandemi COVID-19 tidak terlalu berpengaruh secara signifikan atas perubahan angka perceraian di Kota Rembang. Hal ini disebabkan oleh latar belakang masyarakat Rembang yang didominasi kalangan santri. Nilai-nilai spiritual masih menjadi landasan kokoh yang dapat mempertahankan keutuhan rumah tangga di saat beberapa pasangan memilih untuk bercerai karena depresi ekonomi dan mental yang disebabkan pandemi. 
Charting Equality: Women's Rights and Inheritance Law Reform Hidayati, Nuzulia Febri; Andriyati, Nofica; Billah, Mu’tashim
Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender Vol. 19 No. 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Pusat Studi gender dan Anak (PSGA) Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/sa.v19i1.22636

Abstract

The discussions around inheritance law highlight differences in quantity, potentially leading to discrimination claims without fully considering the legal rationale. The study explores how women can assert equality within diverse legal frameworks shaped by cultural contexts. This study using qualitative methods and case studies gather data to understand how women have developed unique legal cultures and sub-cultures. Findings suggest that women can advocate for gender justice within varying legal constitutions as long as they ensure protective measures are in place. Ultimately, for inheritance law to remain relevant and equitable, it must accommodate women’s perspectives and provide a foundation that respects their rights, ensuring that the law serves society fairly and inclusively without marginalizing any group.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS KARYA TULIS MAHASISWA PRODI PERBANDINGAN MAZHAB SEBAGAI UPAYA QUALITY IMPROVEMENT Gunawan, Wawan; Billah, Mu'tashim
JOURNAL OF INDONESIAN COMPARATIVE OF SYARIAH LAW Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Ilmu Syariah dan Ilmu Hukum
Publisher : Journal of Indonesian Comparative of SyariÆah Law

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21111/jicl.v8i1.13883

Abstract

Karya tulis ilmiah yang dihasilkan mahasiswa dalam masa studinya di perguruan tinggi merupakan salah satu indikator penting untuk menilai kualitas sebuah program studi di perguruan tinggi. Jika kualitas karya ilmiah yang dihasilkan bagus, maka dapat dinilai bahwa semua unsur program studi memiliki kualitas yang bagus, pun begitu sebaliknya. Artikel ini ingin mengungkap regulasi dan strategi apa yang digunakan program studi perbandingan mazhab di beberapa kampus Indonesia untuk menungjang peningkatan kualitas karya tulis ilmiah mahasiswa. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian lapangan yang dilaksanakan di empat program studi perbandingan mazhab di Indonesia. Artikel ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang menyajian data bersifat deskriptif-komparatif. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan teknik in-depth interview dan focus group discussion kepada narasumber yang merupakan pejabat di masing-masing program studi. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa prodi perbandingan mazhab di beberapa kampus menggunakan regulasi yang berbeda dalam rangka meningkatkan karya tulis mahasiswa. Kesimpulan dari artikel ini adalah, ada 4 strategi yang digunakan program studi perbandingan mazhab dalam peningkatan karya tulis mahasiswa, yaitu: penerapan kurikulum yang meningkatkan kualitas penulisan karya tulis mahasiswa, upaya konversi skripsi menjadi jurnal, mengadakan pelatihan yang dapat menunjang kemampuan menulis mahasiswa, dan menyediakan sarana dan prasarana jurnal berbasis OJS sebagai wadah yang menampung dan mempublikasikan artikel hasil konversi skripsi.
Evaluating AI-Generated Fatwas: A Quality Assessment of ChatGPT and Google Bard Against Authoritative Islamic Rulings Billah, Mu'tashim; Azhari, Susiknan; Baroroh, Nurdhin; Rahma, Vivi
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 57 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v57i1.1032

Abstract

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Islamic law has become a global phenomenon, including in Muslim countries such as the United Arab Emirates and Egypt. AI technology began to go viral when ChatGPT and Google Bard were released, claiming to be able to reason like humans. The development of Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies like ChatGPT and Google Bard has raised a new question: Can AI replace the role of muftis in issuing fatwas? This qualitative study analyzes the capacity of AI as a fatwa issuer by testing ChatGPT and Google Bard with specific prompts related to Islamic law. The results are compared with official fatwas from Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah, which serve as authoritative fatwa standards in Indonesia. Based on the discussion, this article finds that to date, AI NLP technology is unable to reason Islamic law as a mufti would. Therefore, AI technology cannot yet replace the role of a mufti in issuing fatwas. The main reason is that the credibility and authority of fatwas generated by AI technology cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the use of AI technology as a fatwa issuer is not recommended. Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence (AI) dalam bidang hukum Islam telah menjadi fenomena global, termasuk di negara-negara Muslim seperti Uni Emirat Arab dan Mesir. Teknologi AI mulai sangat viral ketika Chat GPT hingga Google Bard dirilis yang diklaim mampu berpikir layaknya bahasa manusia. Fenomena perkembangan Natural Language Processing (NLP) seperti ChatGPT dan Google Bard memicu pertanyaan baru: Dapatkah AI menggantikan peran mufti dalam berfatwa? Penelitian kualitatif ini menganalisis kapasitas AI sebagai pemberi fatwa melalui uji coba terhadap ChatGPT dan Google Bard dengan prompt spesifik terkait hukum Islam. Hasilnya dibandingkan dengan fatwa resmi Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) dan Muhammadiyah sebagai standar fatwa yang otoritatif di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, artikel ini menemukan bahwa hingga saat ini, teknologi AI NLP tidak mampu melakukan nalar hukum Islam sebagaimana seorang nalar seorang mufti. Dengan begitu, teknologi AI belum mampu menggantikan peran seorang mufti untuk berfatwa. Alasan utamanya adalah bahwa hasil fatwa yang digenerate oleh teknologi AI tidak dapat dipertanggungjawabkan kredibilitas dan otoritasnya. Sehingga penggunaan teknologi AI sebagai pemberi fatwa tidak direkomendasikan.
Marriage as Culmination Rather than Cause: Religious Conversion among Ethnic Chinese in Belitung Kamsi, Kamsi; Julianto, Very; Billah, Mu'tashim
Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ahwal.2025.18105

Abstract

The state guarantees freedom of religious expression for all its citizens, regardless of their beliefs. However, during the New Order era, this freedom was paradoxically curtailed, particularly for individuals of Chinese descent. Chinese Indonesians were prohibited from openly expressing their Chinese identity, including through religious affiliation. They were compelled to reidentify their religion under one of the five officially recognized religions at the time. When it comes to marriage registration, many individuals converted to one of these state-recognized religions. This article sheds light on the extent to which faith and love are intertwined in the phenomenon of religious conversion to Islam in Belitung. Employing a snowball sampling method, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 ethnic Chinese individuals from Belitung, aged between 30 and 63 years. These informants were Chinese Indonesians who converted to Islam following the legalization of Confucianism. The results reveal that marriage functioned as a pivotal factor in the religious conversion process among ethnic Chinese in Belitung, serving not as the initial impetus but rather as the culmination of an extended period of religious exploration. Male participants frequently reported earlier exposure to Islamic education and social environments, indicative of a phase characterized by exploration and engagement prior to formalizing their religious commitment through marriage. Conversely, female participants appeared to be more profoundly influenced by cultural norms emphasizing spousal loyalty and the legal-religious frameworks governing marriage in Indonesia. Negara menjamin ekspresi keagamaan setiap warga negara, apapun keyakinannya. Paradoksnya, kebebasan beragama di Era Orde Baru dibatasi, khususnya kepada keturunan Tionghoa. Orang Tionghoa tidak diperbolehkan untuk mengekspresikan ketionghoaan mereka dalam bentuk apapun, termasuk agama. Mereka harus mengidentifikasi kembali agama mereka menjadi salah satu dari lima agama resmi pada saat itu. Untuk memudahkan proses administrasi, salah satunya perkawinan, mereka mengonversi agama menjadi salah satu agama yang diakui negara. Artikel ini menyoroti sejauh mana keyakinan dan cinta saling berkaitan dalam pengalaman konversi agama ke Islam para etnis Tionghoa di Belitung. Dengan menggunakan teknik sampeling bola salju, kami melakukan wawancara individu semi terstruktur dengan 15 etnis Tionghoa Belitung yang berusia 30 hingga 63 tahun. Narasumber adalah orang Tionghoa yang memilih untuk melakukan konversi agama ke Islam, setelah disahkannya Konfusianisme. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pernikahan memainkan peran yang menentukan dalam konversi agama etnis Tionghoa di Belitung, bukan sebagai penyebab utama tetapi sebagai puncak komitmen dalam proses eksplorasi agama yang lebih panjang. Peserta laki-laki sering mengalami paparan lebih awal terhadap pendidikan Islam dan lingkungan sosial, mencerminkan tahap pencarian dan pertemuan sebelum mengukuhkan komitmen mereka melalui pernikahan. Sebaliknya, peserta perempuan lebih kuat dipengaruhi oleh ekspektasi budaya akan kesetiaan kepada suami dan kerangka hukum-agama pernikahan di Indonesia.
COMPLETE AND INCOMPLETE CALCULATION: Expert Systems Apps on the Special Cases of Islamic Inheritance Law Billah, Mu'tashim
Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ahwal.2023.16201

Abstract

The traditional method of resolving inheritance cases typically involves manual processes using pen and paper. However, advancements in expert systems of technology have made it possible to develop applications that expedite and simplify the calculation. This research aims to investigate the capabilities of Android-based expert systems applications in handling specific cases (masail syawadz) within Islamic inheritance law. Data were obtained by simulating cases (experiments) involving ten randomly selected inheritance apps from the Android Play Store. These applications were tested to solve al-gharawain, al-khuraqa, al-akdariyah, al-musyarakah, and al-faridah al-malikiyah cases. The research found that only two applications consistently managed to solve specific cases in Islamic inheritance law based on a particular school of thought (madhab). Other applications were only able to solve a portion of the tested cases. The majority of applications failed to identify the presented cases, although their calculations were acceptable based on one of the schools. Several factors contributed to the failure of these applications in solving inheritance cases, including limitations in simulating masail syawadz issues, inconsistency in the opinion adopted by the application developers to formulate the expert system, a limited list of available heirs, and errors in determining the portions of the heirs.[Abstrak: Kemajuan dalam sistem pakar teknologi telah memungkinkan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi yang mempercepat dan menyederhanakan perhitungan kewarisan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki kemampuan aplikasi sistem pakar berbasis Android dalam menangani kasus-kasus khusus (masail syawadz) dalam hukum kewarisan Islam. Data diperoleh dengan mensimulasikan kasus-kasus ke dalam sepuluh aplikasi warisan yang dipilih secara acak dari Android Play Store. Aplikasi-aplikasi ini diuji untuk menyelesaikan kasus-kasus al-gharawain, al-khuraqa, al-akdariyah, al-musyarakah, dan al-faridah al-malikiyah. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hanya dua aplikasi yang secara konsisten berhasil menyelesaikan kasus-kasus tertentu dalam hukum warisan Islam berdasarkan satu mazhab tertentu. Aplikasi lain hanya mampu menyelesaikan sebagian dari kasus-kasus yang diuji. Sebagian besarnya gagal mengidentifikasi kasus-kasus yang disajikan, meskipun perhitungan mereka diterima berdasarkan salah satu mazhab. Beberapa faktor berkontribusi pada kegagalan aplikasi-aplikasi ini dalam menyelesaikan kasus-kasus warisan, termasuk keterbatasan dalam mensimulasikan masalah-masalah masail syawadz, ketidaksesuaian dalam pendapat fikih yang diadopsi oleh pengembang aplikasi untuk merumuskan sistem pakar, daftar pewaris yang terbatas, dan kesalahan dalam menentukan bagian-bagian pewaris.]
The Maslahah of State Policy in Responding to Unregistered Marriage: Inclusion of Unregistered Marriage on The Family Card Billah, Mu'tashim
Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi dan Penelitian Hukum Islam Vol 6, No 2 (2023): Vol. 6, No. 2, April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/jua.v6i2.31138

Abstract

Based on Minister of Home Affairs regulations No. 108 and No. 109 of 2019, unregistered (siri) marriage couples can now record their marriage in the Family Card. This article aims to analyze the policy of issuing Family Cards for unregistered marriage couples using the Islamic jurisprudence (ushul fiqh) approach. This article is a literature study, with data sourced from the Minister of Home Affairs regulations and various related literatures. The obtained data is then analyzed using a normative-philosophical approach, specifically ushul fiqh theories such as the concepts of public interest (maslahah) and preventing harm (adz-dzari’ah). The article argues that in every policy, there will be potential benefits (maslahah) and harms (mudharat). In the policy of recording unregistered marriages, the government needs to close the means that cause harm (saddu al-dhariah) to ensure this policy is not interpreted as a form of legalizing unregistered marriages. The government also needs to open the means that lead to benefits (fathu al-dhariah) so that the goal of fulfilling children's civil rights with the basis of having a birth certificate, and the purpose of the Marriage Law, namely the validity of marriage, can be achieved through the use of unregistered marriage data for expediting the marriage legalization process (itsbat nikah) in Religious Courts. The conclusion of this article is that to achieve the ideal policy objectives, aspects of benefits and harms need to be considered. This article contributes to understanding state policies from the perspective of ushul fiqh and indicates that it remains a relevant approach.
Co-Authors Abdul Mughits Abdul Rozak Akhsa, Faaza Salsabila Alyaparangu, Kaukabilla Andriyati, Nofica Baroroh, Nurdhin Diky Faqih Maulana Doli Witro Haris, Gusnam Hidayati, Nuzulia Febri Irma Suryani Kamsi Kamsi, Kamsi Karimullah, Suud Sarim Lucky Indrati Utami Luthfi, A Hashfi Miskiyah, Eka Zakiyatul Muhamad Yusuf Nidlomudin, Archam Nurdiansyah, Rifqi Putra, Habib Nur Masyhuri Putri Nusaibah Rahma, Vivi Retno dewati Rifqi Nurdiansyah Rohmadiani, Linda Dwi Sani Sisi Ade Linda Susiknan Azhari Susilowati Very Julianto Vivi Rahma Wahyuni, Santi Dwi Wawan Gunawan Wijayanti, Shanti Yudha, Alda Kartika